CN103673896B - The distribution type fiber-optic measuring method of dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring and system thereof - Google Patents
The distribution type fiber-optic measuring method of dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The distribution type fiber-optic measuring method of dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring and system thereof: bury deformation monitoring pipeline underground in dam inside; Often its anchor plate of pipe expansion joint installed by joint deformation monitoring pipeline and be fixed on dam body inside; Sensor fibre is installed along with dam deform in same pace at deformation monitoring pipe interior; Optical fiber is fastened and fixed and with pretension fixing device, sensor fibre is fixed on deformation monitoring pipeline extension pipe adapter; Outer setting horizontal shift point equipment ensures that pipe expansion joint is with dam synchronous shift; The sensor fibre installed in deformation monitoring pipeline comprises strain optical fiber and optical fiber temperature; Each measuring point when dam body inside is subjected to displacement, exceptionally straight sensor fibre is driven thus the strain of sensor fibre changes, and strains intelligent acess distribution type fiber-optic acquisition instrument, measure in real time the strain of sensor fibre in sensor fibre; Temperature compensation correction is carried out to sensor fibre simultaneously; Again Treatment Analysis is carried out to the data gathered, draw the inner tunneling boring horizontal shift change of dam body.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to earth and rockfill dam monitoring technical field; Be specifically related to a kind of distribution type fiber-optic measuring method of dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring.The distribution type fiber-optic measuring system of the dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring that the distribution type fiber-optic measuring method that the invention still further relates to this dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring uses.
Background technology
Reservoir dam internal modification comprises vertical sedimentation and the horizontal shift of dam body inside, this when deforming more than normal range, directly affects the security of dam.According to " safety monitoring of earth-rockfill dams technical manual " (SL551-2012), select in dam body inside the section wanting Deformation Monitoring, arrange that observation instrument is monitored.Earth and rockfill dam internal modification monitoring both at home and abroad at present adopts " waterpipe type " settlement gauge to measure vertical deformation usually, and adopts " tension wire type " horizontal displacement meter to measure the method for horizontal distortion.These two kinds of methods are all when dam filing is to the monitoring elevation of design code, be from upstream to downstream in dam inside in advance and a monitoring pipeline perpendicular to the axis of dam is set, Embedded installation " waterpipe type " settlement gauge and " tension wire type " horizontal displacement meter while of in this pipeline.
But the waterpipe type settlement gauge used at present and tension wire displacement meter for height of dam more than 200m, length of pipe more than 500m time, make the Measuring Time of instrument lengthen in a large number because pipeline is oversize, sensitivity decrease, error increases greatly.
Height of dam increases, and the tension wire of tension wire type horizontal displacement meter and waterpipe type settlement gauge and water pipe line length increase with nearly 3 times of increases to height of dam, cause tension wire and water pipe line length greatly to increase.Wherein the rolling up of tension wire indium steel wire length, for ensureing that in measuring process, indium steel wire tension wire is in exceptionally straight state accurately to transmit measuring point horizontal shift, must roll up tension wire counterweight, makes indium steel wire be pulled off because of intensity deficiency; Rolling up of water pipe line length, the difficulty causing waterpipe type settlement gauge to be filled with water to settlement gauge by pipeline increases greatly, and rolling up due to water pipe line, water level balance process and the time of its measurement mechanism and settlement gauge overflow water tumbler will be multiplied, thus affect the measurement accuracy of waterpipe type settlement gauge.
The each measuring point of tension wire type horizontal displacement meter needs configuration indium steel wire tension wire and counterweight, the each measuring point of same waterpipe type settlement gauge all needs a set of water pipe and tracheae pipeline, along with height of dam increases, corresponding measuring point also synchronously increases, the tension wire quantity of horizontal displacement meter and the also corresponding increase of the pipeline quantity of settlement gauge, to protection tube size, separated time and guide frame, the requirement of the indexs such as intensity also improves greatly, and the These parameters of protection tube also can not improve in earth and rockfill dam unlimitedly, especially for 300m level earth and rockfill dam, due to its measuring point designing requirement quantity nearly 3 times to the measuring point quantity of hundred meter level earth and rockfill dams, tension wire type horizontal displacement meter and waterpipe type settlement gauge for the inner tension wire of enrockment dam body and water pipe, the protection pipeline of snorkel pipeline and technology are also one of difficult problems being difficult to overcome.
Recent China earth and rockfill dam its construction level has had large increase, along with the quickening of Western Hydroelectricity Developing process, has carried out the senior earth and rockfill dam dam construction technique of 300m and dam safety monitoring technical research.The bottom cross-sectional length of this superelevation dam, more than 800m, is measured on pipeline for dam body inside 800m mono-and is needed layout tens measuring points, obviously cannot continue to use traditional waterpipe type settlement gauge and tension wire displacement meter method monitoring dam body internal modification.For the measurement range of this overlength, there is no effective monitoring means and method at present both at home and abroad, be badly in need of the new type measuring instrument device developing monitoring dam body internal modification.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that will solve required for the present invention is, overcome existing technological deficiency, there is provided a kind of structure adopting distribution type fiber-optic to measure horizontal shift in the monitoring of dam body internal modification, the structure of this employing distribution type fiber-optic measurement horizontal shift can be measured in sensor fibre and strain fibre strain distribution thus the change drawing the inner tunneling boring horizontal shift of dam body.The present invention also provides this employing distribution type fiber-optic to measure the measuring method of horizontal shift in the monitoring of dam body internal modification.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of distribution type fiber-optic measuring method of dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring, is a kind of structure and measuring method device of adopting horizontal shift in the monitoring of distribution type fiber-optic measurement dam body internal modification, comprises the following steps:
(1). bury a deformation monitoring pipeline perpendicular to the large axis of dam underground in dam inside;
(2). often saving on deformation monitoring pipeline, install pipe expansion joint every a segment distance, the anchor plate of this pipe expansion joint is fixed on dam body inside; When dam body inside is subjected to displacement, deformable monitoring pipeline is driven to be subjected to displacement thus to drive sensor fibre to be subjected to displacement;
(3). each pipe expansion joint, with sealing ring, prevents the inner silt of dam and water slurry from entering tube passage
(4). in the middle of this deformation monitoring pipe interior, install a sensor fibre, this sensor fibre is along with dam deform in same pace;
(5). adopt optical fiber to be fastened and fixed at each pipe expansion joint place of deformation monitoring pipeline and sensor fibre is fixed on each pipe expansion joint of deformation monitoring pipeline with pretension fixing device, and keep sensor fibre exceptionally straight;
(6). in deformation monitoring pipeline, in the sensor fibre of installation, include strain optical fiber (the stressed optical fiber of tight cover) and optical fiber temperature (pine overlaps the optical fiber that do not stress);
(7). at the pipe expansion joint outer setting horizontal shift point equipment of deformation monitoring pipeline, ensure that pipe expansion joint is with dam synchronous shift;
(8). each measuring point drives exceptionally straight sensor fibre when dam body inside is subjected to displacement, thus the strain fibre strain of sensor fibre changes, straining intelligent acess distribution type fiber-optic acquisition instrument in sensor fibre, measured in real time by the strain of distribution type fiber-optic acquisition instrument to sensor fibre;
(9). while carrying out measuring in real time to the strain of sensor fibre, measure the temperature variation of optical fiber temperature in sensor fibre;
(10). the temperature variation according to optical fiber temperature carries out temperature compensation correction to strain optical fiber; Again Treatment Analysis is carried out to the data gathered, draw the inner tunneling boring horizontal shift change of dam body.
Described " every a segment distance ", suggestion adopts the distance every 6 meters.
The technical scheme completing the application's second invention task is, the distribution type fiber-optic measuring system of the dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring that the distribution type fiber-optic measuring method of above-mentioned dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring uses, is embedded with a deformation monitoring pipeline perpendicular to the large axis of dam in dam inside; This deformation monitoring pipeline is connected to form by some joints, and be provided with pipe expansion joint often saving on deformation monitoring pipeline, the anchor plate of this pipe expansion joint is fixed on dam body inside; Is provided with sensor fibre in the middle of this deformation monitoring pipe interior, it is characterized in that, described sensor fibre is fastened and fixed by optical fiber and fixes with pretension fixing device and strain; Based on above thinking, adopt and inside a sensor fibre, to put two kinds of dissimilar optical fiber, a kind of tight cover is protected by the direct sheath of stress-strain optical fiber, for measuring the change in displacement of dam body, another kind of pine overlaps the optical fiber temperature that do not stress, with plastic casing protection, for measuring optical fiber present position temperature variation, for straining the temperature compensation of optical fiber; ; Described sensor fibre is connected to distribution type fiber-optic acquisition instrument.
Distribution type fiber-optic acquisition instrument is measured respectively in real time to the strain of the strain optical fiber of sensor fibre and the temperature of the optical fiber temperature that do not stress, then carries out Treatment Analysis to the data gathered, and can show that the horizontal shift of dam body tunneling boring changes.
Described sensor fibre (tight tube fiber) adopts direct sheath to protect, for measuring the change in displacement of dam body; Described optical fiber temperature (pine overlaps the optical fiber that do not stress), adopts plastic casing protection;
Each expansion pipe joint of deformation monitoring pipeline all arranges optical fiber and is fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device pilot hole.
Described deformation monitoring pipeline is formed by connecting by more piece monitoring and protecting pipe, is connected between each joint monitoring and protecting pipe by pipe expansion joint, and this pipe expansion joint, all with sealing ring, prevent the inner silt of dam and water slurry from entering tube passage, and Embedded installation is simple, convenient.
Optical fiber is fastened and fixed with on pretension fixing device, is provided with a roll adjustment hole, can on request exceptionally straight, tension sensor fibre, make sensor fibre install after meet the requirement of dam body inner horizontal displacement measurement.
Optical fiber is fastened and fixed and is made up of laterally zygomorphic two parts with pretension fixing device, optical fiber is fastened and fixed has a draw-in groove with pretension fixing device centre, draw-in groove 1-2mm more very thin than the sense light of institute type selecting, optical fiber is fastened and fixed and compresses rear sensor fibre with pretension fixing device 2 and can fix and do not slide.Each optical fiber be fastened and fixed with pretension fixing device on have 4 threaded optical fiber to be fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device fastener hole, with screw rod optical fiber is fastened and fixed and tightens with pretension fixing device, after optical fiber is fastened and fixed and compresses with pretension fixing device, sensor fibre can be fixed and not slide; Can after be screwed into optical fiber with adjusting screw and be fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device roll adjustment hole, one end is positioned on pipe expansion joint, tightens screw rod on request exceptionally straight for sensor fibre tension.
Sensor fibre measuring accuracy is 0.2%F.S, and measuring accuracy is high, meets the accuracy requirement of earth and rockfill dam inner horizontal displacement measurement.
In other words, the principle of work of method and apparatus of the present invention is:
Bury a deformation monitoring pipeline perpendicular to the large axis of dam underground in dam inside, it is along with dam deform in same pace, deformation monitoring pipeline adds an expansion pipe joint every 6 meters, sensor fibre is placed in deformation monitoring pipeline and protects, to adopt at each pipe expansion joint place of deformation monitoring pipeline the optical fiber designed in the present invention to be fastened and fixed with pretension fixing device, sensor fibre to be fixed on each pipe expansion joint of deformation monitoring pipeline and to keep sensor fibre exceptionally straight, ensure that deformation monitoring pipeline is with dam synchronous shift at the pipe expansion joint outer setting horizontal shift point equipment of deformation monitoring pipeline, dam body inside, each measuring point place when being subjected to displacement drives exceptionally straight sensor fibre, thus the strain of sensor fibre changes.
When dam body inside is subjected to displacement, deformable monitoring pipeline is driven to be subjected to displacement thus to drive sensor fibre to deform; Straining optical fiber in sensor fibre and optical fiber temperature accesses distribution type fiber-optic acquisition instrument respectively, by distribution type fiber-optic acquisition instrument, the strain of the strain optical fiber of sensor fibre and the temperature of the optical fiber temperature that do not stress are measured respectively in real time, again Treatment Analysis is carried out to the data gathered, can show that the horizontal shift of dam body tunneling boring changes.
The temperature variation of optical fiber temperature in sensor fibre, can carry out temperature compensation correction to sensor fibre.
In other words, monitoring method of the present invention more comprises following steps:
At each pipe expansion joint outer setting horizontal shift point equipment of horizontal shift deformation monitoring pipeline, it is horizontal displacement drive sensor fibre to deform with dam deformation, and the change that deforms can adopt distribution type fiber-optic to measure dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring system and measure.
Based on above thinking; adopt and inside a sensor fibre, to put two kinds of dissimilar optical fiber; the direct sheath protection of a kind of tight tube fiber; for measuring the change in displacement of dam body; another kind of pine overlaps the optical fiber that do not stress; with plastic casing protection, for measuring optical fiber present position temperature variation, for temperature compensation.When dam body inside is subjected to displacement change, sensor fibre deforms with dam body synchronous shift.
Must exceptionally straightly strain before sensor fibre Embedment and installation, be fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device having the place of pipe expansion joint to be provided with an optical fiber every 6 meters, optical fiber is fastened and fixed and can compresses sensor fibre with pretension fixing device, sensor fibre can not be slided, optical fiber be fastened and fixed with pretension fixing device above an adjusting screw is installed, adjusting screw one end is positioned at one end of pipe expansion joint, freely can be screwed into and back-out, and adjusting screw can by the requirement of measuring exceptionally straight for sensor fibre tension; Every Embedded installation after saving deformation monitoring pipeline and pipe expansion joint on request with optical fiber be fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device compress and exceptionally straight sensor fibre, press as the method sensor fibre always exceptionally straight tension Embedded installation to the outside of deformation monitoring pipeline; Adopt in outside distribution type fiber-optic Acquisition Instrument to measure the strain of strain optical fiber and the temperature variation of optical fiber temperature of sensor fibre, thus obtain the full face horizontal shift change of dam body.
More optimize and more particularly, employing described in method of the present invention is equipment: a kind of distribution type fiber-optic that adopts measures the structure of horizontal shift and the monitoring system of measuring method in dam internal modification monitoring, comprise: be embedded in dam inside and the monitoring pipeline be out of shape with deformation inside dam, one to be arranged in this monitoring pipeline and for the sensor fibre of monitoring deformation inside dam and an external distributed collecting fiber instrument, measure strain and the temperature variation of distribution type fiber-optic, thus draw the full face horizontal shift of dam body, wherein:
Described deformation monitoring pipeline comprises:
Article one, be positioned at the deformation monitoring pipeline of dam body, a sensor fibre of each fastening installation in pipe expansion joint place of deformation monitoring pipe interior;
Several are arranged at the horizontal shift point equipment of described deformation monitoring pipeline external, and it moves horizontally with the horizontal distortion of dam, and drive the sensor fibre synchronous shift imbedded in deformation monitoring pipeline and deform.
Further, described deformation monitoring pipeline is formed by connecting by more piece protection tube and the pipe expansion joint be connected between each protection tube, to form the installation passage of sensor fibre.
Further, put two kinds of dissimilar optical fiber inside sensor fibre, the direct sheath protection of a kind of tight tube fiber, for measuring the change in displacement of dam body, another kind of pine cover does not stress optical fiber, with plastic casing protection, for measuring optical fiber present position temperature variation.
Further, sensor fibre must exceptionally straightly be strained before burying underground, exceptionally straight tightening structure device has an optical fiber to be fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device, optical fiber be fastened and fixed with pretension fixing device above an adjusting screw is housed, when sensor fibre Embedded installation on request exceptionally straight for sensor fibre tension.
From the above technical solution of the present invention shows that, monitoring method of the present invention and monitoring system have employed a kind of mode adopting distribution type fiber-optic to measure dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring system, special deformation monitoring pipeline is arranged by burying underground in dam inside, deformation monitoring pipe interior installs sensor fibre, the sensor fibre of collecting fiber instrument to Embedded installation deformation monitoring pipe interior is adopted to measure to realize monitoring, the distortion of direct monitoring dam body inside, especially be applicable to monitoring the internal modification of superelevation overlength dam, and the measuring accuracy adopting distribution type fiber-optic to measure dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring system is 0.2%F.S, measuring accuracy is high, ensure that monitoring system accuracy, meet the requirement of earth and rockfill dam inner horizontal displacement monitoring.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention adopts distribution type fiber-optic to measure the structural representation of dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring system;
Fig. 2 is erecting device structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3-1, Fig. 3-2 are that sensor fibre of the present invention is fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device structural representation;
Fig. 4 is deformation monitoring pipeline configuration schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is sensor fibre schematic cross-section of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete case study on implementation, the inventive method is described in further detail.Concrete case study on implementation described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1, distribution type fiber-optic is adopted to measure dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring system, for monitoring dam inner horizontal deformation, especially to the inner horizontal deformation monitoring of superelevation earth and rockfill dam, such as, to the monitoring that the horizontal shift of the superelevation earth and rockfill dam inside of height of dam 300m, bottom transverse section 900m length is out of shape.On the whole, the present invention is by arranging special deformation monitoring pipeline in dam inside, in deformation monitoring pipeline, a sensor fibre is installed, adopts collecting fiber instrument to measure the strain of distribution type fiber-optic various point locations and the change of temperature, thus measure dam body inner horizontal displacement deformation.Collecting fiber instrument record gathers all data and carries out real-time analysis process to the data gathered, and draws dam inner horizontal deformation monitoring result.
With reference to Fig. 1: fill the section of design code Embedment and installation horizontal shift distortion until earth and rockfill dam and bury underground than design code after elevation exceeds 0.5 meter, the instrument ditch of one 0.6 × 0.6 meter is dug in design code Embedment and installation position, install in the inside of Measurement of Dam the anchor block that fixes sensor fibre 3, sensor fibre 3 penetrates deformation monitoring pipeline 1.Embedded installation deformation monitoring pipeline 1 inside the instrument ditch dug, it is 6m that deformation monitoring pipeline 1 often saves length; Install pipe expansion joint 5 often saving on deformation monitoring pipeline 1, the anchor plate 4 of pipe expansion joint 5 is fixed on dam body inside, and it is horizontal displacement drive sensor fibre 3 to deform with dam deformation; There is the optical fiber in one end of pilot hole 12 to be fastened and fixed at pipe expansion joint 5, with pretension fixing device 2, this pipe expansion joint 5 and anchor plate 4 are also fixed on corresponding dam body position by exceptionally straight for sensor fibre 3 tension simultaneously, by such as the method, sensor fibre exceptionally straight tension is always installed to observation room 7, in observation room 7, distribution type fiber-optic Acquisition Instrument 6 pairs of sensor fibres 3 carry out Real-time Collection, and real-time analysis process is carried out to image data, draw dam inner horizontal deformation monitoring result.
With reference to Fig. 2: after the every Embedded installation one of monitoring and protecting pipe 8 saves, install anchor plate 4 and pipe expansion joint 5, anchor plate 4 is fixed on corresponding dam body position; Pipe expansion joint 5 has optical fiber to be fastened and fixed to be fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device 2 with one end installing optical fibres of pretension fixing device adjusting screw pilot hole 12, after energy, optical fiber is fastened and fixed to be fastened and fixed with pretension fixing device 2 optical fiber and tightens with pretension fixing device fastening screw 9, optical fiber can not be slided, be fastened and fixed with optical fiber and make sensor fibre 3 exceptionally straight tension on request with pretension fixing device adjusting screw 10; By that analogy, until monitoring and protecting pipe 8 and sensor fibre 3 Embedded installation complete.Form also composition graphs 3-Fig. 5 to these respectively to be below introduced and to illustrate:
One, optical fiber is fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device:
As shown in Fig. 3-1, Fig. 3-2, optical fiber is fastened and fixed and is made up of laterally zygomorphic two parts with pretension fixing device 2, optical fiber is fastened and fixed has a draw-in groove with pretension fixing device 2 centre, draw-in groove 1-2mm more very thin than the sense light of institute type selecting, optical fiber is fastened and fixed and compresses rear sensor fibre 3 with pretension fixing device 2 and can fix and do not slide.Each optical fiber be fastened and fixed with pretension fixing device 2 on have 4 threaded optical fiber to be fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device fastener hole 14, with screw rod optical fiber is fastened and fixed and tightens with pretension fixing device 2, optical fiber is fastened and fixed and compresses rear sensor fibre 3 with pretension fixing device 2 and can fix and do not slide; Can after be screwed into optical fiber with adjusting screw and be fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device roll adjustment hole 13, one end is positioned on pipe expansion joint 5, tightens screw rod on request exceptionally straight for sensor fibre 3 tension.
Two, deformation monitoring pipeline:
As shown in Figure 4, deformation monitoring pipeline 1 provides the passage of protection sensor fibre 3, and it is preferably the disposable dam inside that is embedded in also cannot change parts.In the present embodiment, according to the length of dam inside, deformation monitoring pipeline 1 can be formed by connecting by more piece monitoring and protecting pipe 8 and the pipe expansion joint 5 be connected between each monitoring and protecting pipe 8, and protection setting is in the sensor fibre 3 of pipe interior and each equipment.Deformation monitoring pipeline 1, with sealing ring 11, has sealing, Telescopic, and the diameter of monitoring and protecting pipe 8 is unsuitable excessive, in order to avoid have an impact to dam body.
Monitoring and protecting pipe 8 adopts the High Strength Steel pipe of antirust treatment, diameter about 200mm, wall thickness 8 ~ 12mm, each joint protection tube length 6m.
Pipe expansion joint 5 adopts the material identical with monitoring and protecting pipe 8, and its external diameter and monitoring and protecting pipe 8 match, wall thickness 12mm, about about the 600mm of length of each joint pipe expansion joint 5.Pipe expansion joint 5 is for connecting monitoring and protecting pipe 8, and there is waterproof seal ring 11 at its two ends, and prevent the inner silt of dam and water slurry admission passage, simultaneous retractable pipe adapter 5 a kind of telescopic actions, make deformation monitoring pipeline 1 with dam deform in same pace.
When laying deformation monitoring pipeline 1, should according to " safety monitoring of earth-rockfill dams technical manual " (SL551-2012) requirement, whole piece pipeline is sealing in dam inside, must be tightly connected between each length of tubing.
Three, sensor fibre:
As shown in Figure 5, sensor fibre 3 selects the optical fiber with optical fiber jacket 15 and flexiplast stiffener 16, and flexiplast stiffener 16 is used for strain optical fiber 19 inside the sensor fibre 3 protected and optical fiber temperature 20, increase sensor fibre 3 by force intensity; Sensor fibre 3 is divided into the stressed strain optical fiber 19 of tight cover and pine to overlap the optical fiber temperature 20 do not stressed; the strain optical fiber 19 that tight cover is stressed; directly protect with sheath 17; for measuring the Strain Distribution of sensor fibre 3, carry out the change in displacement measuring dam body, another kind of is that pine overlaps the optical fiber temperature 20 do not stressed; protect with center plastic tube 18; for measuring sensor fibre 3 present position temperature variation, for temperature compensation, reduce temperature to the error measured.
Claims (8)
1. a distribution type fiber-optic measuring method for dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring, is a kind of structure and measuring method device of adopting horizontal shift in the monitoring of distribution type fiber-optic measurement dam body internal modification, comprises the following steps:
(1). bury a deformation monitoring pipeline perpendicular to the large axis of dam underground in dam inside;
(2). often saving on deformation monitoring pipeline, install pipe expansion joint every a segment distance, the anchor plate of this pipe expansion joint is fixed on dam body inside; When dam body inside is subjected to displacement, deformable monitoring pipeline is driven to be subjected to displacement thus to drive sensor fibre to be subjected to displacement;
(3). each pipe expansion joint, with sealing ring, prevents the inner silt of dam and water slurry from entering tube passage
(4). in the middle of this deformation monitoring pipe interior, install a sensor fibre, this sensor fibre is along with dam deform in same pace;
(5). adopt optical fiber to be fastened and fixed at each pipe expansion joint place of deformation monitoring pipeline and sensor fibre is fixed on each pipe expansion joint of deformation monitoring pipeline with pretension fixing device, and keep sensor fibre exceptionally straight;
(6). in deformation monitoring pipeline, in the sensor fibre of installation, the strain optical fiber including tight cover stressed overlaps with pine the optical fiber temperature do not stressed;
(7). at the pipe expansion joint outer setting horizontal shift point equipment of deformation monitoring pipeline, ensure that pipe expansion joint is with dam synchronous shift;
(8). each measuring point drives exceptionally straight sensor fibre when dam body inside is subjected to displacement, thus the strain of sensor fibre changes, straining intelligent acess distribution type fiber-optic acquisition instrument in sensor fibre, measured in real time by the strain of distribution type fiber-optic acquisition instrument to sensor fibre;
(9). while carrying out measuring in real time to the strain of sensor fibre, measure the temperature variation of optical fiber temperature in sensor fibre;
(10). the temperature variation according to optical fiber temperature carries out temperature compensation correction to strain optical fiber; Again Treatment Analysis is carried out to the data gathered, draw the inner tunneling boring horizontal shift change of dam body;
Step (5) described in " keep sensor fibre exceptionally straight ", its method of operating is: described optical fiber is fastened and fixed and is made up of laterally zygomorphic two parts with pretension fixing device, optical fiber is fastened and fixed has a draw-in groove, draw-in groove 1-2mm more very thin than the sense light of institute type selecting with pretension fixing device centre; Each optical fiber be fastened and fixed with pretension fixing device on have 4 threaded optical fiber to be fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device fastener hole, with screw rod optical fiber is fastened and fixed and tightens with pretension fixing device; Then be screwed into optical fiber with adjusting screw to be fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device roll adjustment hole, one end is positioned on pipe expansion joint, tightens screw rod on request exceptionally straight for sensor fibre tension.
2. the distribution type fiber-optic measuring method of dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described " every a segment distance ", refers to the distance every 6 meters.
3. the distribution type fiber-optic measuring system of dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring that uses of measuring method according to claim 1, is embedded with a deformation monitoring pipeline perpendicular to the large axis of dam in dam inside; This deformation monitoring pipeline is connected to form by some joints, and be provided with pipe expansion joint often saving on deformation monitoring pipeline, the anchor plate of this pipe expansion joint is fixed on dam body inside; Is provided with sensor fibre in the middle of this deformation monitoring pipe interior, it is characterized in that, described sensor fibre is fastened and fixed by optical fiber and fixes with pretension fixing device and strain; Adopt and inside a sensor fibre, to be provided with two kinds of dissimilar optical fiber, the direct sheath protection of strain optical fiber that a kind of tight cover is stressed, for measuring the change in displacement of dam body, another kind of pine overlaps the optical fiber temperature do not stressed, protect with plastic casing, for measuring optical fiber present position temperature variation, for straining the temperature compensation of optical fiber; Described strain optical fiber and optical fiber temperature are all connected to distribution type fiber-optic acquisition instrument;
Described optical fiber is fastened and fixed and is made up of laterally zygomorphic two parts with pretension fixing device, and optical fiber is fastened and fixed has a draw-in groove, draw-in groove 1-2mm more very thin than the sense light of institute type selecting with pretension fixing device centre; Each optical fiber be fastened and fixed with pretension fixing device on have 4 threaded optical fiber to be fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device fastener hole, with screw rod optical fiber is fastened and fixed and tightens with pretension fixing device; Then be screwed into optical fiber with adjusting screw to be fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device roll adjustment hole, one end is positioned on pipe expansion joint, tightens screw rod on request exceptionally straight for sensor fibre tension.
4. the distribution type fiber-optic measuring system of dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described sensor fibre adopts direct sheath to protect, for measuring the change in displacement of dam body; Described optical fiber temperature, adopts plastic casing protection.
5. the distribution type fiber-optic measuring system of dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring according to claim 3, is characterized in that, each expansion pipe joint of described deformation monitoring pipeline all arranges optical fiber and is fastened and fixed and pretension fixing device pilot hole.
6. the distribution type fiber-optic measuring system of dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described pipe expansion joint is all with sealing ring.
7. the distribution type fiber-optic measuring system of dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described optical fiber is fastened and fixed with on pretension fixing device, is provided with roll adjustment hole.
8. according to the distribution type fiber-optic measuring system of the dam body tunneling boring horizontal displacement monitoring one of claim 3-7 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, described sensor fibre measuring accuracy is 0.2%F.S.
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