CN103670819A - Principle structure and process technology for low-exhaust-emission internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Principle structure and process technology for low-exhaust-emission internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103670819A CN103670819A CN201310193568.5A CN201310193568A CN103670819A CN 103670819 A CN103670819 A CN 103670819A CN 201310193568 A CN201310193568 A CN 201310193568A CN 103670819 A CN103670819 A CN 103670819A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Abstract
The invention provides a principle structure and process technology for a low-exhaust-emission internal combustion engine. Air pressure is adopted for decomposing harmful mixed gas to purify oxygen gas; the mode of pressing the purified oxygen gas into a cylinder prevents the internal combustion engine from producing pollution waste gas caused by oxygen-deficient combustion; the program of a controller is used; a sensor collects road traffic conditions of an automobile, moving speed, load size, cylinder temperature and the instant information change of pressure; the input time, number and mutual proportions of fuel, crank case leakage gas, the oxygen gas and hydrogen gas are in linkage with firing time of a sparking plug, wherein the input time, number and mutual proportions of the fuel, the crank case leakage gas, the oxygen gas and the hydrogen gas are controlled by respective magnetic valves; in this way, according to each combustion in a combustion chamber, the oxygen gas is controlled to be sufficient, the fuel is reliably and completely combusted without residues, and therefore the low emission task of purifying automobile exhaust is completed.
Description
Technical field: the invention belongs to as solving internal combustion engine tail gas discharge and pollute control category; Realistic situation is that the high speed of auto manufacturing is flourish, the double sharp increase of narrow and small city space car owning amount, internal combustion (IC) Engine Design technology cannot change the serious environmental pollution problem that fuel tank discharge 6%, Carburetor discharge 9%, crankcase scavenged 20%, exhaust emissions 65% cause more than 140 kind of PM2.5, PM1.0 harmful matter.
Background technique: due to the narrow limitation of people for internal combustion (IC) Engine Design understanding, although reducing the effort of automobile exhaust pollution does not abandon all the time, installing on emission-control equipment: crankcase and suction tude are airtight, and the hydro carbons inflammable gas of scurrying into crankcase is transmitted back to cylinder combustion again; Tail gas is partly delivered into suction tude, reduces the generation of hydrocarbon, oxynitrides; Together with the precious metals such as using metal oxide (manganese oxide and cupric oxide, chromium oxide and cupric oxide, nickel oxide with cupric oxide etc.) and Bo, Palladium, make catalyzer, for the hydrocarbon in outlet pipe (carcinogenic substance), oxynitrides (stimulate nose eye larynx, cause pulmonary emphysema), carbon monoxide, by twice aeration oxygenation, reduce; Exhaust valve is carried out air injection and heat exchange, makes high-temp waste gas not have carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, formaldehyde, sulfur dioxide and the air of after-flame that oxidation reaction occurs in outlet pipe; It includes soot particle PM2.5, PM1. fuel oil additive, carries agent outside (bromoethane): the floating debriss such as lead, lithium, iron, nickel, chromium; Postpone igniting or injection time, make the interior nitrogen of cylinder and oxygen under high temperature condition, have little time to form nitride; Use fuel oil lean mixture vapour, stratified mixture combustion, allows hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide increase period of combustion and chance in inflation process; Use unleaded gas, use methyl alcohol as RONA, Sweden substitutes plumbous as uprising dose of gasoline with iron compound, exploratory development ethanol (alcohol), methyl alcohol, hydrogen, rock gas, shale vapour, electric energy, solar energy alternative fuel oil.For automobile, strengthen maintenance and improve performance (reduce and pollute 30-40%), allow automobile constant speed operation as far as possible, reduce the operation behaviour in service of idling, acceleration, hypervelocity, deceleration, large load, overburdening.The every summation that becomes Hyundai Motor use as potential improvement tail gas method fails to bring into play actual effect.Objectively tail gas pollution is still growing on and on, and the haze of increasingly severe strengthening is threatening people's existence.
The moment high temperature of four-stroke internal combustion engine firing chamber can reach the thermal equilibrium of 2200-2700 ℃: by inflammable gas outburst, produced heat apply piston, promoted effectively the turn round merit of output of bent axle and account for 20-30%, the heat of being taken away by discharging waste gas accounts for 20-30%, by fluid dielectric coolant, take away heat and account for 20-25%, by non-complete combustion of fuel carbon granule, non-combustible gas, take away heat and account for 6-13%, the heat that other radiation, convection current, air-cooled exchange are taken away accounts for 7-16%.
The volume ratio Approximately of internal-combustion engine perfect combustion gasoline and air is 1: 10000; The ratio that diesel combustion needs is larger.Four-stroke internal combustion engine changes vapour and from exhauxt valve opens to intake valve Guan Bi Approximately, accounts for 380 °-450 ° of crank angles; Exhaust pressure petrol engine is 850-1200KPa, and diesel engine is 700-1000KPa; Toxic emission flow velocity 500-600 meter per second; In waste gas discharge capacity, account for 60% of total combustion gas, 40 °-80 ° of exhaust valve advance angles; Coefficient of residual gas petrol engine is 0.06-0.16, and diesel engine is 0.03-0.06; 10 °-30 ° of intake valve advance angles; Exhaust valve closes 20 °-60 ° of the overlapping angles early opened with admission door late; The bent axle Jiao Du Approximately that effectively does work is 60 °-80 °, and volumetric efficiency petrol engine is 0.70-0.80.Diesel engine is 0.80-0.88; Engine Indicated Mean Pressure petrol engine is 700-1200KPa, and diesel engine is 700-1000KPa; Excess air coefficient is 0.35-1.40 (diesel engine is 2); Indicated thermal efficiency petrol engine is 0.28-0.35, and diesel engine is 0.42-0.48; Bent axle output unit merit combustion fuel petrol engine is 245-300g/KW.h, and diesel engine is 175-205g/KW.h; It is only 45% (reducing 26%) that cylinder fuel combustion is lost the theoretical computation cycles thermal efficiency 61%, actual cycle thermal efficiency; Air filter increases intake resistance reduction volumetric efficiency and causes power of IC engine decline 2-4.5%; The heat that 1 kilogram of diesel oil perfect combustion can discharge is 42500KJ, and the heat that 1 kilogram of gasoline perfect combustion can discharge is 38000KJ, and in diesel oil, carbon content 88%, hydrogen content are 12%, carbon content 85%, hydrogen content 15% in gasoline; Low combustion value 44 * the 10-6kj/kg of gasoline, the low combustion value 25 * 10-6kj/kg of alcohol, the low combustion value 41 * 10-6kj/kg of diesel oil, gasoline mixture and alcohol calorific value are approximately 3.85 * 10-6j/mm
2, in air, Dan Qi Approximately accounts for 78.09%, Yang Qi Approximately and accounts for 20.95%; Argon gas accounts for 0.95%, other radon, helium, neon, krypton, xenon, etc. minimum gas and Za Zhi Approximately thereof account for 0.03%.The basic reason that combustion in IC engine emission pollutes is: the operation behaviour in service of idling, acceleration, hypervelocity, deceleration, large load, overburdening frequently alternates, causes firing chamber fuel because reducing fire is incomplete, and the internal-combustion engine technology of design is not followed the working condition condition change of automobile completely and changed and provide the oxygen vapour in inflammable gas mixed steam, the applicable ratio of fuel, the tail gas pollution causing to become and can not reverse.
Summary of the invention: give air pressure and use molecular sieve oxygen separation and nitrogen, with internal-combustion engine top high-temperature control water oxygen separation and hydrogen, by (hydrogen offers fuel tank vent and meets the negative pressure that oil well pump causes) in frequency-adjustable speed-adjustable oxygen pump supply cylinder, solve harmful mixed steam (nitrogen in air, plumbous, lithium, iron, nickel, the particulate floating debriss such as chromium) indiscriminate being delivered in cylinder, allow controller according to the idling of motor, accelerate, hypervelocity, slow down, large load, overburdening, hillside, the operation behaviour in service of descending, the oxygen vapour that provides internal-combustion engine best combustion condition to need with program control, quantity during fuel is every and mixed proportion thereof, with sensor, detect the temperature of cylinder, pressure, oxygen storage amount is directly controlled to by controller: the crankcase that each cylinder need to provide is altered vapour amount, fuel oil mass, amount of oxygen, amounts of hydrogen subitem quantity and ratio, complete the heat of being taken away by discharging waste gas and account for 20-30%, by fluid dielectric coolant, take away heat and account for 20-25%, by non-complete combustion of fuel inflammable gas, particulate, smoke zone, walk heat and account for 6-13%, the heat that other radiation, convection current, air-cooled exchange are taken away accounts for 7-16% and reaches and minimize.
Accompanying drawing explanation: the accompanying drawing of Fig. 1 tail gas low emission Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine principle and process engineering; The present invention: by frequency-adjustable speed-adjustable air fan, molecular sieve nitrogen oxygen separator, oxygen carry vapour road one-way valve (three), oxygen supply solenoid valve forms Oxygen control that loop is provided; By water tank, drip control solenoid valve, hydrogen-oxygen molecular sieve separator, hydrogen loop one-way valve (two), hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve loop; By fuel pump, fuel oil control loop one-way valve (two), fuel feeding electromagnetic valve loop; By crankcase, alter vapour and supply with Electromagnetic Valve Circuit for hydrocarbon mixed steam transfer pump, one-way valve, hydrocarbon control; And automobile electronic controller, various sensor, final controlling element form; Jointly complete the internal combustion engine task of vehicle exhaust low emission.
Embodiment: the road conditions of selecting the most applicable automobilism, allow outstanding driver's operation control automobile running, with sensor collection car combustion engine temperature cylinder, pressure, fuel oil, oxygen, crankcase, alter the use quantity consumed index of vapour etc. project, as the dependence sample of director demon design; Calculate respectively auto idle speed, acceleration, hypervelocity, at the uniform velocity, slow down, the physical quantity of the fuel-air demand supply under large load, overburdening, hillside, descending operation road conditions, corrected parameter as internal combustion engine operation of the present invention offers each cylinder controller, allows internal combustion engine at optimum fuel oil, oxygen, crankcase, alter the Reliable guarantee condition of stripping confession.Make fuel oil, crankcase alter vapour, at oxygen mixed steam, be greater than under 1 combustion condition and burn.Make to form without waste gas in cylinder of internal-combustion engine, reduce the noxious emission of tail gas.
Claims (10)
1. the present invention gives molecular sieve by frequency modulation gas transmission fan forced air and carries out nitrogen and oxygen separator; The control valve of water (according to fuel tank pressure) adopts internal-combustion engine thermal evaporation hydrogen and oxygen separator to be comprised of frequency modulation oxygen therapy pump oxygen vapour supply cylinder firing chamber is used; Hydrogen vapour fuel case completes fills the negative pressure that fuel pump extracts oil plant formation; Residual hydrogen stripping supply cylinder firing chamber is done combustion function and is used.
2. the present invention is changed according to the transient information that gathers trap for automobile traffic status, motion speed, load, temperature cylinder, pressure from automobile sensor by single-chip microcomputer control program, fuel oil, crankcase are altered to vapour, oxygen vapour, hydrogen vapour by time of electromagnetic valve input separately, quantity, mutually ratio; Form interlock with the firing time of spark plug, allow firing chamber burn each time: be controlled at the sufficient fuel of oxygen without clean the completing of remaining reliable all combustions.
3. internal-combustion engine of the present invention is taked the technical measures of non air exit hole cylinder head, and the perfect combustion oxygen that allows combustion chambers of internal combustion engines form high pressure reacts with carbon and forms formaldehyde rapid outburst of moment heat; The acting of driven plunger band dynamic crankshaft reaches maximized effect; For fuel oil, the hydrocarbon mixed combustible gas of bent axle gas blowby, oxygen, hydrogen, the joint of carrying out under sufficient oxygen supply condition is wanted fuel feeding method, control plug ignition, make internal-combustion engine acting after-burner only have high-temperature water boil-off gas, for next step the outburst of burning each time, do work the condition for validity of reliable combustion chamber of air cylinder mixed gas is provided; Prevent that cylinder lacks the generation of fire, the pinking of stack fuel feeding, detonation, with this, improve the machine work efficiency of internal-combustion engine, extend the effective work working life of internal-combustion engine.
4. the present invention changes two strokes burning working forms into by the four-journey of internal-combustion engine and reduces twice stroke of pistons: from mixing flammable vapour burning outburst, expanding, promote piston actuated bent axle output acting; To fuel oil, crankcase being altered to vapour, hydrogen vapour, oxygen vapour, timesharing, segmentation coercively fed, enforce compression; The circulating working mode of plug ignition.Eliminate the non-productive work circulation of (secondary) friction consumption of original four-stroke piston ring and cylinder wall, reduce, piston, connecting rod, crank mechanism machinery comes and goes the non-productive work amount that operation consumes half, and the internal combustion engine thermal efficiency switch machine frictional heating that frictional heating causes is lost, piston and cylinder wall, bent axle and connecting rod waste frictional loss, operating mode of internal combustion engine by piston four-stroke to piston two strokes changes, from mechanical motion consumption, weigh, complete effective transformation of oil inflame thermal efficiency raising 50%, improve the reliability of vehicle fuel, dynamics, Economy, reduce tail gas sewage.
5. the present invention adopts hydrogen vapour injection fuel tank amount mode to meet fuel pump extraction fuel oil and causes fuel reserve tank negative pressure, the fuel tank vent of eliminating original internal combustion (IC) Engine Design communicates with atmosphere, cause fuel evaporation discharge 6% fuel oil effective consumption amount, from hydrogen, carry the fuel tank connecting means of internal-combustion engine, equal to eliminate the saving effect of each automobile oil consumption 6%.
6. the present invention adopts and first to select the direct IC engine supply burning of oxygen, deaeration Dan Qi Approximately to account for 78.09% composition to enter in cylinder, take to eliminate the heat of discharging waste vapour, causing exhaust emissions 65% to take away, bring the combustion in IC engine thermal efficiency at least to improve more than 45% economic benefit.
7. the present invention adopts and first to select the direct IC engine supply burning of oxygen, deaeration soot particle PM2.5, PM1. it includes fuel oil additive, carries agent outside (bromoethane): the floating debriss such as lead, lithium, iron, nickel, chromium repeat to enter cylinder combustion burning chamber combustion heating; From the angle of air soot particle PM2.5, PM1, weigh, by non-complete combustion of fuel carbon granule, non-combustible gas, take away the consumption that heat accounts for 6-13%, can be saved, as worth enforcement of measure of energy-conserving and environment-protective.
8. the present invention adopts and first to select the direct IC engine supply burning of oxygen, deaeration Dan Qi Approximately to account for 78.09% composition to enter in cylinder, and it includes deaeration soot particle PM2.5, PM1. fuel oil additive, carries agent outside (bromoethane): the floating debriss such as lead, lithium, iron, nickel, chromium reenter cylinder combustion burning chamber; Nitrogen consumes oxygen fuel as non-combustible gas burning; Fuel oil additive, carry agent (bromoethane) outside: lead, lithium, iron, nickel, chromium, as harmful components, consume combustion in IC engine energy, through improving the original structure of internal-combustion engine, function, principle: make original identical cylinder design size, be applied in the direct internal-combustion engine tail gas low emission design of supplying with of present oxygen, for car combustion engine is exported effective firm power, moment of torsion increases several times, has laid the basis of oil-burning internal combustion engine automobile scientific and technological progress.
9. the present invention makes bent axle export effective firm power through improving original internal-combustion engine mixed steam supply principle, and moment of torsion increases several times.Want to make car combustion engine to keep original power, can dwindle cylinder dimensions, totally reduce the metal wastage of internal-combustion engine, reduce internal-combustion engine weight, for the economic index that improves automobile, there is realistic meaning.
10. the present invention is through improving original internal-combustion engine mixed steam supply principle, take the transient information that gathers trap for automobile traffic status, motion speed, load, temperature cylinder, pressure from automobile sensor to change, fuel oil, crankcase are altered to vapour, oxygen vapour, hydrogen vapour by time of electromagnetic valve input separately, quantity, mutually ratio; With form firing time of spark plug interlock, for fuel oil, crankcase, alter vapour, hydrogen vapour, wherein each of oxygen and can individual event supply separately, take one to two, one to three subitems to select supply, four joint supplies; Allow internal-combustion engine from idling, starting, acceleration, at the uniform velocity, hypervelocity, deceleration, light load, large load, overburdening, the upward slope of road, descending, parallel, combined method and form by multiple conveying mixed steam, internal-combustion engine is met on the basis of automobile dynamics, allow fuel consume significantly reduce, improve the comprehensive economy object of automobilism, complete the task of internal-combustion engine energy-saving and emission-reduction on automobile uses, reduction environmental pollution.
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| CN201310193568.5A CN103670819A (en) | 2013-05-23 | 2013-05-23 | Principle structure and process technology for low-exhaust-emission internal combustion engine |
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| CN201310193568.5A CN103670819A (en) | 2013-05-23 | 2013-05-23 | Principle structure and process technology for low-exhaust-emission internal combustion engine |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN110523735A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-12-03 | 海南汉地阳光石油化工有限公司 | A kind of air cleaning unit improving high-voltage motor security performance |
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