CN105114174A - Lean-burn gas duel-fuel spark-ignition-type internal combustion engine based on EGR system and control method - Google Patents
Lean-burn gas duel-fuel spark-ignition-type internal combustion engine based on EGR system and control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lean-burn gas duel-fuel spark-ignition-type internal combustion engine based on EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) system and a control method, and can solve the problems of unstable combustion, high NOx emission and the like of a gas fuel spark-ignition-type internal combustion engine caused during lean burn. Based on the in-fuel-gas-cylinder direct injection and inlet duct spray combined duel-fuel spark-ignition-type internal combustion engine technology and the EGR technology, the internal combustion engine and the control method ensure that the duel-fuel spark-ignition-type internal combustion engine can realize stable and efficient lean burn and reduce the phenomena of cyclical variation and fire accident at a high compression ratio; meanwhile, part of exhaust gas is re-guided into the cylinder to participate in combustion, the EGR ratio is changed according to the requirements of working conditions, the in-cylinder combustion temperature is lowered, and the generation of NOx is inhibited; and besides, as lean burn and EGR co-exist, the opening degree of a throttle valve can be increased and the pumping loss is reduced. In conclusion, reduction of energy consumption and super-low emission of pollutants can be fundamentally realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of internal combustion engines, particularly relate to the application of EGR in lean-burn gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine.
Background technique
Along with the development of automobile industry, the market maintenance of automobile is increasing, the application of internal-combustion engine is more extensive, the demand of oil is constantly increased, especially today that dependence on foreign countries for oil is higher, not only be unfavorable for the energy security of country, and discharge a large amount of tail gas, cause serious atmospheric pollution.For above problem, country also progressively improves the requirement to energy-saving and emission-reduction, becomes one of key factor affecting automobile industry.
In such a case, the gas such as rock gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) substitute fuel is subject to extensive concern because of advantages such as its reserves are large, price is low, environmentally friendly.Although gaseous fuel is also fossil fuel, energy density, far below the liquid fuel such as gasoline, diesel oil, is proposed new requirement to storage and application.
Operating on gaseous fuel in ignition internal combustion engine, can adopt the mode of lean combustion, improves Eco-powerly to reduce tendency to detonate simultaneously, improves compression ratio, thus improves the thermal efficiency.But lean combustion can cause NOx emission to raise, can combustion temperature be reduced by adding EGR, suppressing the generation of NOx, thus reduce discharge.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of lean-burn gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine based on EGR (EGR) system and controlling method, the problem such as the combustion instability of gaseous fuel ignition internal combustion engine generation when carrying out lean combustion, NOx emission height can being solved.The present invention is based on gaseous fuel in-cylinder direct injection and intake port injection knockdown double fuel ignition internal combustion engine technology and EGR technology, this internal-combustion engine and controlling method can make double fuel ignition internal combustion engine under high compression ratio, realize stable, efficient lean combustion, reduce cyclical variations and phenomenon of catching fire; Meanwhile, portion is reintroduced back to cylinder and participates in burning, change EGR rate according to duty requirements, change in-cylinder combustion situation, thus suppress the generation of NOx; In addition, owing to there is lean combustion and EGR simultaneously, can throttle opening be increased, reduce pumping loss.To sum up fundamentally can realize the reduction of energy consumption and the minimum discharge of pollutant.
For the problems referred to above, the stability of burning should be improved, improve the efficiency of burning again, need to be optimized the structure of gas fuel engine, the combustion characteristic of fuel and controlling method, constantly perfect, meet the demands.
This internal-combustion engine is made up of gas handling system, ignition system, the first fuel supply system, the second fuel supply system, vent systems, egr system, ignition internal combustion engine 9 and internal-combustion engine electronic control system 16; Gas handling system is made up of intake duct 2, intake manifold 15, closure 1 and control wiring 17; Ignition system is made up of spark plug 8 and control wiring 17; First fuel supply system is made up of the first fuel supply bin 13, first fuel feed line 14 and the first fuel injector 6; Second fuel supply system is made up of the second fuel supply bin 11, second fuel feed line 12 and the second fuel injector 7; Egr system is made up of EGR pipe road 4, EGR valve 3, EGR intercooler 5 and control wiring 17; First fuel supply system, the second fuel supply system ignition system of unifying is connected with ignition internal combustion engine 9 with spark plug 8 respectively by the first fuel injector 6, second fuel injector 7; Outlet pipe 10 is connected with intake duct 2 by EGR pipe road 4 by egr system, and connect in pipeline EGR intercooler 5 and EGR valve 3; Internal-combustion engine electronic control system 16 by the control realization of EGR valve 3, closure 1, spark plug 8, first fuel injector 6 and the second fuel injector 7 to the control of this internal-combustion engine.
This internal-combustion engine adopts two kinds of different gaseous fuels as fuel, two kinds of gaseous fuels adopt different supply systems to supply respectively, i.e. main gaseous fuel (the first fuel) supply system and auxiliary gas fuel (the second fuel) supply system.Wherein, the first fuel forms mixed gas in the mode of intake port injection in intake duct, enters cylinder after IO Intake Valve Opens with air motion, and the second fuel enters cylinder in the mode of in-cylinder direct injection.
This internal-combustion engine both can be used alone the first or second fuel and had operated under single fuel mode, and the first and second fuel also can be used to run under dual fuel mode simultaneously.
First fuel described in this internal-combustion engine is common, widely used gas substitute fuel, as rock gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) etc.; The gases such as the second fuel is better than the first fuel in performance, and its performance mainly comprises the aspects such as velocity of combustion, ignition energy and fire emission, such as hydrogen.
Lean combustion refers to that in cylinder, the air excess factor of working medium is greater than the Operation Conditions of economic mixture gas area (λ is about 1.05), and namely in cylinder, the air quantity of effective supply is greater than the theoretical air requirement needed for the perfect combustion of cylinder fuel.In two gas fuel engine, definition air excess factor is the comprehensive excess air coefficient of two kinds of fuel, namely
Wherein, m
airfor entering the air quality in cylinder,
be the percentage that the first fuel injection amount accounts for total fuel injection quantity, m
a1for the air quality needed for the first complete combustion of fuel of unit quality,
be the percentage that the first fuel injection amount accounts for total fuel injection quantity, m
a2for the air quality needed for the second complete combustion of fuel of unit quality.
In ignition internal combustion engine, adopt lean combustion, can form oxygen-enriched environment on the one hand, enable fuel Thorough combustion in cylinder, in cylinder, working medium isentropic exponent increases simultaneously, and the thermal efficiency improves; Mixed gas is rarer on the other hand, and in-cylinder combustion temperature is lower, can improve compression ratio, improve the thermal efficiency further.But due in lean combustion process because mixed gas is rarer, velocity of combustion is restricted, and power is lower, under being therefore only suitable for being used in middle small load condition, to improve fuel economy; Oxygen-enriched environment is conducive to the generation of NOx simultaneously, and NOx emission can be caused to raise, and therefore needs the generation introducing EGR suppression NOx.Due to the introducing of egr system, can under larger throttle opening, by changing the mixed gas composition that EGR rate controls to enter in cylinder, add lean combustion and inherently need open the engine, therefore can increase throttle opening further, reduce pumping loss, improve the efficiency of complete machine, even can realize the direct torque under non-air throttle, finally realize the double effects that fuel economy improves, pollutant emission declines.
Described lean-burn gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine, under middle Smaller load, adopts different mixed Daqu modes and different combustion manners according to the difference of load.Under Smaller load, adopt the pattern of layering lean-burn, improve air fuel ratio further, expand lean flammability limit, improve Economy; Under moderate duty, adopt the combustion mode of even lean-burn, meet the requirement of Driving Torque.
Under Smaller load, adopt the mode of layering lean-burn.Realize stratified mixture combustion, need the time for spraying of fuel, combustion-chamber shape and In Cylinder Flow to cooperatively interact.Described internal-combustion engine is provided with air inlet turnover panel in intake duct, can improve induction air flow ratio and form tumble motion when IO Intake Valve Opens in cylinder.Early stage in aspirating stroke, only have air to enter cylinder, under the effect of rolling stream, move near bottom, firing chamber and piston end surface gradually; First gaseous fuel sprays into intake duct in the aspirating stroke later stage, enters cylinder with air motion, subsequently IC Intake Valve Closes, forms dense lower rare charge stratification state.Phase sprays into cylinder in the mode of in-cylinder direct injection to second gaseous fuel after the compression stroke, and control emitted dose by jet pressure and injection pulse width, because time for spraying is close to time of ignition, the second fuel enrichment is near top, firing chamber and spark plug.When after plug ignition, because the second fuel ignition energy is lower, velocity of propagation of flame is very fast, can stable ignition and be rapidly to outer propagation, denseer, overall the first rarer fuel mixture in local of igniting, thus realizes the lean combustion of two gaseous fuel.
Under middle load, adopt the mode of even lean-burn.Even lean-burn, namely the first fuel forms homogeneous lean mixed gas, instead of the weak mixture of layering.When adopting homogeneous mixture, the gaseous fuel quantity entering cylinder is comparatively large, and therefore output power can improve accordingly, meets the requirement of moderate duty to power stage.When adopting the mode of even lean-burn, the first fuel enter cylinder time be engraved in the aspirating stroke initial stage, namely IO Intake Valve Opens mixed gas just enters in cylinder.Spray at the aspirating stroke initial stage, what the first fuel can be made to mix with air is more even, on the basis that the first fuel and air mix, when closing near top dead center, carry out the injection of the second fuel, make spark plug region form the inflammable mixture being easy to light equally, by spark plug sparking, first light the second fuel, to be ignited the first fuel by the second fuel fired again, the mixed gas in whole firing chamber can be burnt completely.
Described internal-combustion engine, under middle Smaller load, can adopt larger throttle opening and EGR rate.Wherein EGR rate adopts CO2 tracer technique to calculate, and namely measures the CO2 content in intake and exhaust and atmosphere environment, thus calculates current EGR rate.
Wherein
represent the CO2 volume concentration be mixed into after waste gas in air inlet,
represent the CO2 volume concentration in exhaust,
represent the CO2 volume concentration in atmosphere environment.
Adopt larger throttle opening can increase air inflow, reduce pumping loss, because EGR can take the volume of charge, therefore EGR rate is larger, and required throttle opening is larger.Pumping loss depends primarily on throttle opening, and middle Smaller load, especially during Smaller load, throttle opening is less, and the proportion that pumping loss accounts for mechanical loss is comparatively large, under Smaller load, therefore adopt larger EGR rate obviously can reduce pumping loss.The formation condition of NOx can simplified summary be that high temperature, oxygen enrichment, endurance are long.Lean combustion is because of the condition that mixed gas is rarer, velocity of combustion meets oxygen enrichment more slowly and the endurance is long, and the second gaseous fuel ignition energy is low, velocity of combustion is fast, can form localized high temperature regions near spark plug, therefore the lean combustion of two gaseous fuel can cause NOx emission to raise.Portion is reintroduced back to cylinder to participate in burning by EGR, by reducing combustion temperature, suppresses the generation of NOx, thus reduces discharge.In waste gas, the triatomic molecule ratio such as CO2, H2O is higher, and triatomic molecule specific heat capacity is higher, raises same temperature can absorb more heat, therefore, it is possible to reduce the combustion temperature in cylinder, suppresses the generation of NOx.When EGR rate is less, combustion temperature reduces, and radiation loss reduces, and the thermal efficiency raises; After EGR rate exceedes certain limit, velocity of combustion declines to a great extent, and after-burning increases the weight of, and the thermal efficiency is reduced, and therefore under fixing operating mode, there is the highest EGR rate φ of the thermal efficiency
n.And EGR rate increases, throttle opening also increases thereupon, and pumping loss reduces, therefore concerning complete machine, and the EGR rate φ that mechanical efficiency is the highest
mbe not equal to the φ that the thermal efficiency is the highest
n.Therefore, under middle Smaller load, the φ that mechanical efficiency is the highest should be adopted
m.Because described internal-combustion engine have employed the mode of two gaseous fuel lean combustion, second gaseous fuel has the good effect of igniting, even if still can improve the velocity of propagation of flame of mixed gas in EGR environment, reduces cyclical variations, therefore in described internal-combustion engine, the EGR rate φ that mechanical efficiency is the highest
mbe greater than traditional combustion engine, mechanical efficiency can be improved further, reduce NOx emission.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine structural drawing.
Fig. 2 is gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine longitudinal section.
Fig. 3 is gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine control strategy flow chart.
In figure: 1 closure, 2 intake ducts, 3EGR valve, 4EGR pipeline, 5EGR intercooler, 6 first fuel injectors, 7 second fuel injectors, 8 spark plugs, 9 ignition internal combustion engine bodies, 10 air outlet flues, 11 second fuel supply bins, 12 second fuel feed lines, 13 first fuel supply bins, 14 first fuel feed lines, 15 intake manifold, 16 internal-combustion engine electronic control systems, 17 control wirings, 18 valves, 19 cylinder sleeves, 20 pistons, 21 connecting rods, 22 piston rings, 23 cylinder head
Embodiment
In described internal-combustion engine, the emitted dose of two kinds of fuel all realizes by controlling jet pressure and injection pulse width, when jet pressure and injection pulse width certain when, emitted dose is certain, then makes MAP by rating test and stores in the controls.
As shown in Figure 1, based on the lean-burn gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine of egr system, it is characterized in that this internal-combustion engine is made up of gas handling system, ignition system, the first fuel supply system, the second fuel supply system, vent systems, egr system, ignition internal combustion engine and internal-combustion engine electronic control system; Gas handling system is made up of intake duct 2, intake manifold 15, closure 1 and control wiring 17; Ignition system is made up of spark plug 8 and control wiring 17; First fuel supply system is made up of the first fuel supply bin 13, first fuel feed line 14 and the first fuel injector 6; Second fuel supply system is made up of the second fuel supply bin 11, second fuel feed line 12 and the second fuel injector 7; Egr system is made up of EGR pipe road 4, EGR valve 3, EGR intercooler 5 and control wiring 17; First fuel supply system, the second fuel supply system ignition system of unifying is connected with ignition internal combustion engine 9 with spark plug 8 respectively by the first fuel injector 6, second fuel injector 7; Outlet pipe 10 is connected with intake duct 2 by EGR pipe road 4 by egr system, and connect in pipeline EGR intercooler 5 and EGR valve 3; Internal-combustion engine electronic control system 16 by the control realization of EGR valve 3, closure 1, spark plug 8, first fuel injector 6 and the second fuel injector 7 to the control of this internal-combustion engine.
As shown in Figure 2, fresh air enters cylinder by closure 1, and closure 1 also controls the fresh air charge entering cylinder simultaneously.EGR pipe route is vented 10 pipes and draws, and converge after closure 1 with intake duct 2, waste gas flows in intake duct 2 through EGR pipe road 4 and EGR valve 3.Closure 1 controls fresh air flow, and EGR valve 3 controls exhaust gas flow, thus controls EGR rate.First fuel injector 6 is arranged in intake manifold, near the position of intake valve 18, so that the first fuel can enter cylinder better.First fuel sprays into intake manifold 15 by the first fuel injector 6, forms mixed gas enter cylinder with fresh air and EGR waste gas.Second fuel injector 7 is directly installed in cylinder head 23, and its spray orifice is positioned at the top of firing chamber, and the second fuel is by the second fuel injector 7 direct cylinder injection.Spark plug 8 is also arranged in cylinder head 23, is also positioned at the top of firing chamber, and the position of spark plug 8 and the position of the second fuel injector 7 need rational deployment, to meet the requirement of internal combustion engine.
As shown in Figure 3, ECU receives each road sensor signal, as rotating speed, throttle opening, coolant water temperature, suction pressure, oxygen concentration etc., judges current working, if small load condition, then enter layering lean-burn control logic according to the algorithm logic write; If middle load condition, then enter even lean-burn control logic.Because jet pressure is known, under different control logics, ECU is the injection pulse width by changing the first and second fuel, thus changes the unlatching endurance of the first and second fuel nozzles, and then controls the emitted dose of two kinds of fuel; By changing the time for spraying of the first and second fuel, control the start-up time of the first and second fuel nozzles, thus form different mixed gas states.There is certain proportion relation in the emitted dose of the first and second fuel, changes, ensure air excess factor > 1 all the time under middle small load condition with operating mode difference.When internal combustion engine is under small load condition, ECU controls the first fuel nozzle in the aspirating stroke later stage, namely open within the scope of 270 ° of-180 ° of CABTDC, unlatching endurance and injection pulse width, according to sensor signal, read the MAP prestored in ECU and perform; The second fuel nozzle phase after the compression stroke, namely open within the scope of 90 ° of-0 ° of CABTDC, unlatching endurance and injection pulse width, according to sensor signal, read the MAP prestored in ECU and perform, thus form layering lean mode.When internal combustion engine is under middle load condition, ECU controls the first fuel nozzle in aspirating stroke in earlier stage, namely open within the scope of 360 ° of-270 ° of CABTDC, unlatching endurance and injection pulse width, according to sensor signal, read the MAP prestored in ECU and perform; The second fuel nozzle phase after the compression stroke, namely open within the scope of 90 ° of-0 ° of CABTDC, unlatching endurance and injection pulse width, according to sensor signal, read the MAP prestored in ECU and perform, thus form even lean mode.
Claims (9)
1., based on the lean-burn gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine of egr system, it is characterized in that this internal-combustion engine is made up of gas handling system, ignition system, the first fuel supply system, the second fuel supply system, vent systems, egr system, ignition internal combustion engine and internal-combustion engine electronic control system; Gas handling system is made up of intake duct, intake manifold, closure and control wiring; Ignition system is made up of spark plug and control wiring; First fuel supply system is made up of the first fuel supply bin, the first fuel feed line and the first fuel injector; Second fuel supply system is made up of the second fuel supply bin, the second fuel feed line and the second fuel injector; Egr system is made up of EGR pipe road, EGR valve, EGR intercooler and control wiring; First fuel supply system, the second fuel supply system ignition system of unifying is connected with ignition internal combustion engine with spark plug respectively by the first fuel injector, the second fuel injector; Outlet pipe is connected with intake duct by EGR pipe road by egr system, and connect in pipeline EGR intercooler and EGR valve; Internal-combustion engine electronic control system by EGR valve, closure, spark plug, the first fuel are sprayed and the control realization of the second fuel injector to the control of this internal-combustion engine.
2. the lean-burn gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine based on egr system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described internal-combustion engine adopts two kinds of different gaseous fuels as fuel, two kinds of different gaseous fuels adopt two cover supply systems, are respectively the first fuel supply system and unify the second fuel supply system; Wherein the first fuel sprays into intake manifold by the first fuel injector, enters cylinder in the mode of intake duct premix, and the second fuel, by the second fuel injector, enters cylinder in the mode of in-cylinder direct injection.
3. the lean-burn gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine based on egr system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this internal-combustion engine is using the first fuel as main fuel, the second fuel is as auxiliary fuel; The second fuel first lighted by spark plug, utilizes the good combustion characteristic of the second fuel to ignite the first fuel mixture; The effect of igniting of the second fuel at suitable time for spraying, the second fuel is injected in top of combustion chamber by internal-combustion engine electronic control Systematical control second fuel injector, coordinate certain air motion, formed around spark plug and be easy to the second fuel mixture of lighting, the energy discharged by the second fuel rapid combustion is ignited the first fuel mixture.
4. the lean-burn gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine based on egr system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described first fuel is widely used gas substitute fuel, such as rock gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) etc., described second fuel is better than the first fuel in performance, its performance mainly comprises the aspects such as velocity of combustion, ignition energy and fire emission, as hydrogen etc.
5. the lean-burn gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine based on egr system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this internal-combustion engine both can be used alone the first fuel and operated in the mode of intake duct premix, also can be used alone the second fuel and operate in the mode of in-cylinder direct injection.
6. the lean-burn gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine based on egr system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the waste gas in egr system is gone out by the EGR pipe pass be connected on outlet pipe, EGR valve is arranged in EGR pipe road, waste gas through EGR pipe road, EGR intercooler and EGR valve enter intake duct, mix with fresh air in intake duct, wherein exhaust gas temperature is controlled by EGR intercooler, and exhaust gas flow is controlled by EGR valve.
7. one kind is applicable to the controlling method of the lean-burn gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine based on egr system, it is characterized in that the control carrying out based on torque under middle small load condition to above-mentioned internal-combustion engine, by controlling emitted dose and the time for spraying of the first and second fuel, adopt the mode of lean combustion and EGR collaborative work.
8. a kind of controlling method being applicable to lean-burn gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine based on egr system according to claim 7, is characterized in that according to torque-demand, under Smaller load and middle load, adopts different control strategies; The mode of layering lean-burn is adopted under Smaller load, first fuel sprays into intake manifold in the aspirating stroke later stage in the mode of intake port injection, phase sprays into cylinder in the mode of in-cylinder direct injection to second fuel after the compression stroke, coordinate combustion-chamber shape and In Cylinder Flow, form dense lower rare mixed gas distribution situation, near spark plug, wherein form the second dense district of fuel mixture; The mode of even lean-burn is adopted under middle load, first fuel sprays into intake manifold in the mode of intake port injection in aspirating stroke early stage, phase sprays into cylinder in the mode of in-cylinder direct injection to second fuel after the compression stroke, coordinate combustion-chamber shape and In Cylinder Flow, form that the first fuel mixture is uniformly distributed, the second fuel mixture is enriched in distribution mode near spark plug.
9. a kind of controlling method being applicable to lean-burn gas double fuel ignition internal combustion engine based on egr system according to claim 7, is characterized in that the stability contorting of EGR rate is realized by the Collaborative Control of closure and EGR valve; When demand torque changes, closure and EGR valve can respond fast, control the flow of fresh air and waste gas respectively; Wherein the change of throttle opening can cause inlet pressure, namely EGR valve back pressure changes, this controlling method, by each for Real-time Collection sensor signal, calculates the EGR valve aperture of demand according to current control logic, control EGR valve and carry out action and Real-time Feedback opening amount signal.
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| CN105464847A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-04-06 | 吉林大学 | EGR system suitable for dual-fuel engine |
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| CN105545529A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-05-04 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Fuel gas and EGR coupled direct injection system |
| CN106968812A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-07-21 | 潍柴西港新能源动力有限公司 | Natural gas engine butterfly valve type EGR control methods |
| CN106968812B (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2019-05-03 | 潍柴西港新能源动力有限公司 | Natural gas engine butterfly valve type EGR control method |
| CN112128003A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-25 | 江苏大学 | Variable intake EGR device and method for dual-fuel engine for realizing in-cylinder oxygen concentration layering |
| CN113266503A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-08-17 | 吉林大学 | Knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment |
| CN114776486A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-07-22 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Exhaust gas water circulation direct injection system of hydrogen engine, control method and automobile |
| CN114776486B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-08-22 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Hydrogen engine exhaust gas water circulation direct injection system, control method and automobile |
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| CN114991952B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2024-04-09 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Dual-fuel supply system and automobile |
| CN115045752A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-13 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | Engine combustion system |
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