CN103670269A - Turbine torsional impact generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a turbine torsional impact generator, which comprises a conversion joint, a housing, a turbine, a fixed shaft, a transmission sleeve, an impact claw, an impact frame, a transmission shaft and a drill bit sleeve, the upper end of the housing is connected with the conversion joint, and the lower end of the housing is connected with the drill bit The sleeve, the turbine rotor is fixed on the fixed shaft, the turbine stator is fixed on the casing, the fixed shaft and the transmission sleeve are matched by splines, the transmission sleeve is installed on the upper end of the impact frame, the end cover is installed on the lower end of the impact frame, and the transmission shaft is installed on the transmission sleeve and On the end cap, the impact claws are mounted on the impact frame. The turbine drives the fixed shaft to rotate, and the fixed shaft drives the transmission sleeve to rotate through the spline. The transmission sleeve moves the impact claw, and the impact claw drives the impact frame to rotate at high speed. During the rotation process, the impact claw and the transmission sleeve interact and periodically impact the transmission shaft, forming High-frequency torsional impact, the drive shaft transfers the high-frequency impact energy obtained to the drill bit sleeve, and the drill bit sleeve drives the drill bit to impact the formation rock in a pulsating manner. The invention can realize large impact energy and high utilization rate of torsional impulse energy.

Description

Turbine Torsional Impact Generator

technical field

The invention relates to a tool for increasing the drilling speed in deep hard formations during oil and gas exploration and development, in particular to a turbine torsional impact generator.

Background technique

At present, my country's onshore oil and gas exploration and development is showing a trend of developing from east to west and toward deep wells and ultra-deep wells. At the same time, offshore oil and gas exploration and development are gradually shifting from shallow seas and shallow seas to deep seas. With the gradual development of oil and gas exploration to deep formations and deep sea areas, drilling operations are faced with increasingly complex formation environments and drilling technology problems, making exploration and production more and more difficult. During the drilling process of deep and ultra-deep wells, with the increase of well depth, the hardness and plasticity of the rock increase, the abrasiveness increases, the drillability becomes poor, and the stick-slip vibration of the lower drilling tool is severe. The stick-slip vibration phenomenon of drilling tools not only reduces the ROP, but also may cause downhole accidents, seriously affecting the progress of oil and gas exploration and development.

Torsional percussion drilling is an emerging high-efficiency drilling technology, which is developed based on slowing down or even suppressing the stick-slip vibration of the lower drilling tool. Torsional percussion drilling refers to a drilling technique in which a torsional percussion drilling tool is added above the PDC bit to provide periodic low-amplitude high-frequency torsional percussion to the drill bit on the basis of conventional drilling. The periodic high-frequency impact of the impactor on the drill bit can greatly reduce or eliminate the stick-slip vibration of the PDC drill bit. While increasing the mechanical drilling speed, it can protect the drill bit, prolong the life of the drill bit, reduce the number of trips, and effectively reduce the Drilling costs.

At present, although the existing torsion impactor can achieve high-frequency torsional impact, there are many defects, for example, (1) the design of the impact structure is unreasonable, resulting in a small single impact energy, and the life of the impact pair is not high; (2) The existence of energy storage elements makes the utilization rate of torsional impulse energy low; (3) the existing torsional impactor itself does not have a stabilizer; (4) the design of the turbine blade profile is unreasonable, and the energy conversion rate of drilling fluid is low, resulting in torsional impact. Punching tool does not work well.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above defects, the present invention designs a turbine torsional impact generator.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A turbine torsional impact generator, including a conversion joint, a housing, a turbine, a fixed shaft, a transmission sleeve, an impact claw, an impact frame, a transmission shaft and a drill sleeve, the upper end of the housing is connected to the conversion joint, the lower end of the housing is connected to the drill sleeve, and the turbine rotor Fixed on the fixed shaft, the turbine stator is fixed on the casing, the fixed shaft and the transmission sleeve are matched by splines, the transmission sleeve is installed on the upper end of the impact frame, the end cover is installed on the lower end of the impact frame, the transmission shaft is installed on the transmission sleeve and the end cover, and the impact The jaws are installed on the impact frame; the lower end of the fixed shaft is provided with a baffle plate, and the fixed shaft is provided with a side channel. The drilling fluid enters the casing through the conversion joint, flows through the turbine to the baffle plate, and then returns to the side channel of the fixed shaft. Converge to the main channel of the fixed shaft, then enter the transmission shaft through the transmission sleeve, and continue to flow down into the drill bit sleeve; the drilling fluid starts the turbine, the turbine rotor rotates at high speed, drives the fixed shaft to rotate at high speed, the fixed shaft drives the transmission sleeve to rotate, and the transmission sleeve There is a U-shaped mouth. The impact claw includes a square part, a claw buckle part and a connecting part. The square part matches the U-shaped mouth. The connecting part is cylindrical. Into the bar-shaped groove, the impact claw can rotate at a small angle relative to the impact frame. A claw buckle groove that matches the claw buckle is provided on the transmission shaft. When the transmission sleeve rotates, the square part of the impact claw is moved through the U-shaped mouth to drive The impact claw and the impact frame rotate, and the impact claw periodically impacts the transmission shaft.

Preferably, four rigid stabilizers are evenly distributed on the side wall of the casing, and the rigid stabilizers are in the shape of long helical blades.

Preferably, one end of the conversion joint is a male buckle connected to the drill collar, and the other end is a male buckle connected to the housing; the upper end of the housing is a female buckle connected to the conversion joint, and four 45-degree housing splines are evenly distributed on the lower end of the housing, forming Four 45-degree housing spline grooves; on the drill sleeve, there are four 40-degree splines arranged around the end face of the drill sleeve to form four 50-degree drill sleeve spline grooves, the housing splines and the drill sleeve The spline groove creates a loose fit.

Preferably, the lower part of the fixed shaft is provided with a shoulder, and the side is provided with a semicircular bar-shaped boss, and a steel sleeve is installed on the upper part, the turbine rotor is positioned through the shoulder, the boss and the steel sleeve, and the pressure plate is installed on the steel sleeve. For sliding connection, the end cap and the fixed shaft are threaded to fix the turbine rotor on the fixed shaft; the lower part of the turbine stator is positioned by a positioning sleeve, the positioning sleeve is seated on the baffle plate, and the baffle plate is seated on the shoulder of the inner wall of the housing. The upper part of the turbine stator is fixed on the casing through a pressure plate and a conversion joint.

Preferably, a groove is formed on the inner wall of the housing, and a pressure bearing is fixed in the groove, and the end cover of the impact frame and the transmission shaft are seated on the pressure bearing.

Preferably, the drive shaft and the drill sleeve are threadedly connected, a square groove is provided on the drill sleeve, two semi-circular anti-drop retaining rings are placed in the groove, and four threaded holes are provided in the circumferential direction of the lower end of the shell. The anti-drop screw rod is loaded into the threaded hole, and the anti-drop retaining ring and the anti-drop screw rod are threadedly connected.

The beneficial technical effect of the present invention is:

(1) The present invention rationally designs the torsional impact structure. Under the premise of realizing large impact energy, the energy storage element, namely the impact frame, can store the torque energy generated by the turbine in the interval between two impacts and release it completely during the next impact, thereby Improve the utilization rate of torsional impulse energy in the interval;

(2) The present invention is designed with a built-in stabilizer on the outside of the casing, which can also play a role in preventing inclination while increasing the speed and fast drilling, so as to ensure the quality of the shaft;

(3) In the present invention, an anti-drop retaining ring and an anti-drop screw rod are provided at the lower end of the shell for easy disassembly, and at the same time as the drive shaft drill sleeve is threaded, it plays a double insurance role for the drill sleeve and improves the safety of drilling;

(4) The invention has good working performance, high energy conversion rate and long service life.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention will be further described:

Fig. 1 is the structural principle schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the A-A view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the B-B view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the C-C view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the D-D view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is the E-E view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the F-F view of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is the G-G view of Fig. 7;

Figure 10 is a turbine stator vane profile;

Figure 11 is a turbine rotor blade profile;

Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of the drive sleeve;

Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of the impact claw;

Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of the impact frame;

Fig. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission shaft.

In the figure: 1-transition joint, 2-housing, 3-turbine rotor, 4-turbine stator, 5-fixed shaft, 6-transmission sleeve, 7-impact claw, 701-square part, 702-claw buckle part, 703- Connection part, 8-impact frame, 801-bar groove, 9-drive shaft, 901-claw buckle groove, 902-transition part, 10-drill sleeve, 11-shell spline, 12-drill sleeve spline, 13-steel sleeve, 14-gland, 15-end cap, 16-positioning sleeve, 17-baffle plate, 18-pressure plate, 19-fixed shaft side flow channel, 20-U-shaped mouth, 21-pressure bearing, 22-anti-drop retaining ring, 22-anti-drop screw rod, 24-rigid stabilizer.

Detailed ways

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, a turbine torsional impact generator is mainly composed of a conversion joint 1, a casing 2, a turbine rotor 3, a turbine stator 4, a fixed shaft 5, a transmission sleeve 6, an impact claw 7, an impact frame 8, a transmission shaft 9 and a drill bit The sleeve 10 is composed.

One end of the conversion joint 1 is a male buckle connected to the drill collar, and the other end is a male buckle connected to the shell 2 . The upper end of the shell 2 is a female buckle for connecting the adapter, and four 45-degree shell splines 11 are evenly distributed on the lower end of the shell 2, forming four 45-degree shell spline grooves. On the drill sleeve 10, there are four 40-degree drill sleeve splines 12 arranged around the end face of the drill sleeve to form four 50-degree drill sleeve spline grooves, and the shell splines 11 form the drill sleeve spline grooves Clearance fit.

The turbine rotor 3 is fixed on the fixed shaft 5. The lower part of the fixed shaft 5 is provided with a shoulder, and the side is provided with a semicircular bar-shaped boss. The upper part is equipped with a steel sleeve 13. The turbine rotor 3 is positioned by the shoulder, the boss and the steel sleeve. 18 is installed on the steel sleeve, the two are slidingly connected, and the end cap 15 and the fixed shaft fix the turbine rotor 3 on the fixed shaft 5 through threaded connection.

The turbine stator 4 is fixed on the casing 2 . The lower part of the turbine stator 4 is positioned by the positioning sleeve 16, and the positioning sleeve 16 is seated on the baffle plate 17, and the baffle plate 17 is seated on the shoulder of the shell 2, and then fixed on the shell 2 by the pressure plate 18 and the adapter 1.

The fixed shaft 5 and the transmission sleeve 6 are matched by splines, the transmission sleeve 6 is installed on the upper end of the impact frame 8, the end cover is installed on the lower end of the impact frame 8, the transmission shaft 9 is installed on the transmission sleeve 6 and the end cover, and the impact claw 7 is installed on the impact frame 8 on. The lower end of the fixed shaft 5 is provided with a stop disc 17, and the opening in the middle of the stop disc 17 plays the role of righting the positioning sleeve. The fixed shaft 5 is provided with a side channel 19 . Drilling fluid enters the housing 2 through the conversion joint 1, flows through the turbine to the baffle plate 17, then returns upward to the fixed shaft side channel 19, converges to the main channel of the fixed shaft, and then enters the transmission shaft 9 through the transmission sleeve 6, and continues to Down into the drill sleeve 10 .

The drilling fluid starts the turbine, and the turbine rotor 3 rotates at high speed, driving the fixed shaft 5 to rotate at high speed, and the fixed shaft 5 drives the transmission sleeve 6 to rotate. A U-shaped opening 21 is opened on the transmission sleeve 6 . The impact claw 7 includes a square part 701 , a hook part 702 and a connection part 703 , the square part 701 fits with the U-shaped mouth 20 , and the connection part 703 is an elliptical column. A bar-shaped groove 801 is provided on the impact frame 8 , and the connecting portion 703 of the impact claw is snapped into the bar-shaped groove 801 , and the impact claw 7 can rotate at a small angle relative to the impact frame 8 . The transmission shaft 9 is provided with a claw groove 901 that matches the claw portion 702. When the transmission shaft is provided with a claw groove, it is required to consider the manufacturing process. Therefore, there is a transition portion 902 to meet the requirements of the tool cutting during the part processing and manufacturing process. path of. When the transmission sleeve 6 rotates, the impact claw square part 701 is moved through the U-shaped mouth 21, and the impact claw 7 and the impact frame 8 are driven to rotate. The impact claw 7 periodically impacts the drive shaft through the cooperation of the claw buckle part 702 and the claw buckle groove 901. 9.

A groove is opened on the inner wall of the housing 2, and a pressure bearing 21 is fixed in the groove, and the impact frame end cover and the transmission shaft 9 are seated on the pressure bearing 21. The transmission shaft 9 and the drill sleeve 10 are threadedly connected, and a square groove is provided on the drill sleeve 10. Two semi-circular rings 22 are placed in the groove, and four threaded holes are provided in the circumferential direction of the lower end of the shell. In the threaded hole, the anti-drop screw rod 23 is loaded, and the anti-drop retaining ring 22 and the anti-drop screw rod 23 are connected by threads. The anti-drop retaining ring 22 and the anti-drop screw rod 23 play a double insurance role on the drill bit sleeve, which improves the safety of drilling.

Four rigid stabilizers 24 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the casing 2, and the rigid stabilizers 24 extend along the length direction of the casing and are in the shape of long spiral blades. Body quality.

The airfoils of the above-mentioned turbine rotor 3 and turbine stator 4 are calculated and optimized by using the quintic polynomial method in combination with the parameter requirements of calculation software and tool requirements, specifically as shown in Figures 10 and 11, the turbine rotor and turbine stator airfoils can make The energy conversion efficiency is further improved.

The working process of the present invention is described below:

The drill collar drives the casing 2 to rotate, and the casing 2 drives the drill bit sleeve 10 through splines to drive the drill bit to continuously rotate and shear formation rocks. At the same time, the drilling fluid enters the casing of the turbine torsional impact generator through the conversion joint 1, flows into the turbine through the flow channel on the gland 14, starts the turbine, and the turbine rotor 3 rotates at a high speed, driving the fixed shaft 5 to rotate at a high speed. At this time, the drilling fluid flows After reaching the baffle plate 19 through the turbine, the drilling fluid returns to the side channel 20 of the fixed shaft, converges to the main channel of the fixed shaft, enters the transmission sleeve 6 and continues to flow downward. The fixed shaft 5 drives the transmission sleeve 6 to rotate at high speed through the spline, and the transmission sleeve 6 moves the impact claw 7, and the impact claw 7 drives the impact frame 8 to rotate at high speed. During the rotation, the impact claw 7 and the transmission sleeve 6 act and continuously impact the transmission shaft 9. Form high-frequency shock. The transmission shaft 9 transmits the obtained high-frequency impact energy to the drill sleeve 10, and the drill sleeve 10 drives the drill bit to impact the formation rock in a pulsating manner; at the same time, the drilling fluid enters the transmission shaft 9 through the transmission sleeve 6, and continues to flow downward into the drill sleeve cartridge 10.

Parts not mentioned in the above methods can be realized by adopting or referring to existing technologies.

It should be noted that, under the teaching of this specification, any equivalent replacement or obvious modification made by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A turbine torsional impact generator, characterized in that: it comprises an adapter, a casing, a turbine, a fixed shaft, a transmission sleeve, an impact claw, an impact frame, a transmission shaft and a drill sleeve, the upper end of the casing is connected to the adapter, and the lower end of the casing is connected to the The drill bit sleeve, the turbine rotor is fixed on the fixed shaft, the turbine stator is fixed on the shell, the fixed shaft and the transmission sleeve are matched by splines, the transmission sleeve is installed on the upper end of the impact frame, the end cover is installed on the lower end of the impact frame, and the transmission shaft is installed on the transmission sleeve and on the end cover, the impact claw is installed on the impact frame; the lower end of the fixed shaft is provided with a baffle plate, and the fixed shaft is provided with a side flow channel. The drilling fluid enters the casing through the conversion joint, flows through the turbine to the baffle plate, and then returns to the The flow channel on the side of the fixed shaft converges to the main channel of the fixed shaft, then enters the transmission shaft through the transmission sleeve, and continues to flow down into the drill bit sleeve; the drilling fluid starts the turbine, and the turbine rotor rotates at high speed, driving the fixed shaft to rotate at high speed, and the fixed shaft drives the transmission When the sleeve rotates, there is a U-shaped opening on the transmission sleeve. The impact claw includes a square part, a claw buckle part and a connecting part. The square part matches the U-shaped opening. The connecting part is cylindrical. The connecting part of the impact claw is snapped into the bar-shaped groove, and the impact claw can rotate at a small angle relative to the impact frame. There is a claw buckle groove matching the claw buckle part on the transmission shaft, and the transmission sleeve is moved through the U-shaped opening when it rotates. The square part of the impact claw drives the impact claw and the impact frame to rotate, and the impact claw periodically impacts the drive shaft. 2. A turbine torsional impact generator according to claim 1, characterized in that four rigid stabilizers are evenly distributed on the side wall of the housing, and the rigid stabilizers are long spiral blades. 3. A turbine torsional impact generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the conversion joint is a male buckle connected to the drill collar, and the other end is a male buckle connected to the housing; the upper end of the housing is a male buckle connected to the conversion joint. The female buckle has four 45-degree shell splines evenly distributed on the lower end of the shell, forming four 45-degree shell spline grooves; on the drill sleeve, there are four 40-degree splines arranged around the end face of the drill sleeve to form Four 50-degree drill sleeve spline grooves, the housing splines form a clearance fit with the drill sleeve spline grooves. 4. A turbine torsional impact generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower part of the fixed shaft is provided with a shoulder, the side is provided with a semi-circular bar-shaped boss, the upper part is installed with a steel sleeve, and the turbine rotor passes through the shoulder , The boss and the steel sleeve are positioned, the pressure plate is installed on the steel sleeve, the two are slidingly connected, the end cap and the fixed shaft are threaded to fix the turbine rotor on the fixed shaft; the lower part of the turbine stator is positioned through the positioning sleeve, and the positioning The sleeve is seated on the baffle plate, the baffle plate is seated on the shoulder of the inner wall of the shell, and the upper part of the turbine stator is fixed on the shell through the pressure plate and the conversion joint. 5. A turbine torsional impact generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: a groove is opened on the inner wall of the housing, and the pressure-bearing bearing is fixed in the groove, and the end cover of the impact frame and the transmission shaft seat on pressure bearings. 6. A turbine torsional impact generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transmission shaft and the drill bit sleeve are connected by threads, a square groove is opened on the drill bit sleeve, and two The semi-circular anti-drop retaining ring is provided with four threaded holes circumferentially at the lower end of the shell, and the anti-drop screw rods are put into the threaded holes, and the anti-drop retaining ring and the anti-drop screw are connected by threads.

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