CN103640565A - Piezoelectric brake actuating mechanism of electronic hydraulic brake system for automobile and application method - Google Patents
Piezoelectric brake actuating mechanism of electronic hydraulic brake system for automobile and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103640565A CN103640565A CN201310676959.2A CN201310676959A CN103640565A CN 103640565 A CN103640565 A CN 103640565A CN 201310676959 A CN201310676959 A CN 201310676959A CN 103640565 A CN103640565 A CN 103640565A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a piezoelectric brake actuating mechanism of an electronic hydraulic brake system for an automobile and an application method. Two cavities are connected through a brake fluid pipeline, wherein a first cavity is formed in a brake caliper body, a first piston is arranged in the first cavity and fixedly connected with a friction block on the right side surface, and the cavity on the left side of the first piston is filled with a brake fluid and communicated with a hydraulic pipeline; and a second cavity is formed in a casing of the actuating mechanism, a second piston, a return spring and a piezoelectric element are arranged in the second cavity, the right side surface of the second piston is tightly attached to the piezoelectric element, the left side cavity is communicated with the hydraulic pipeline, the brake fluid and the return spring are arranged in the cavity on the left side of the second piston, the left end of the return spring is contacted with the inner wall of the second cavity, and the right end is pressed on the left side surface of the second piston. One piezoelectric brake actuating mechanism is mounted in corresponding position of each wheel brake disc of four wheels of an automobile, so that emergency brake of the automobile is achieved when the electronic hydraulic braking system of the automobile fails, accurate control on the wheel brake force is achieved, and dynamic response and brake performance are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle brake technology, be specifically related to a kind of brake actuator of vehicle electric hydraulic brake system.
Background technology
Brake system is one of important component part of automobile, is directly connected to automobile comprehensive safety performance and the security of the lives and property, comprises running brake, Parking Brake and additional brake.Running brake is automobile primary drg, generally adopts drum-type or disc type friction braking mode, and the kinetic energy of automobile, potential energy are converted into heat energy by friction, realizes the object of car deceleration or braking.Although conventional hydraulic formula, vapour-pressure type running brake can meet the requirements of existing brake legislation, exist speed of response slow, can not active adjustment, be not easy to the weak points such as integrated control, be not suitable for the demand for development of current automotive technology.
EHB (EHB) is a kind of in line control brake system, by brake pedal module, ECU electronic control unit, hydraulic control module etc., formed, cancelled being directly connected between brake pedal and brake wheel cylinder, take electric wire as information transmission media, control unit is according to brake pedal position sensor signal identification of driver braking intention, the action of control actuating unit, the braking liquid that high hydraulic brake fluid in energy storage is entered in wheel cylinder or wheel cylinder is got back to reservoir, realizes the control to wheel braking force.EHB system have do not need vacuum booster unit, can active adjustment and be easy to the features such as integrated control, made up the deficiency in traditional braking system architecture principle, representing one of development tendency of running drg.But EHB system still needs to arrange onboard longer conduit under fluid pressure at present, generally adopts electromagnetic valve as oil passage control valve.Due to the hysteresis of magnet coil and the inertia lag of braking liquid, affect the pressure controlled dynamic characteristics of EHB Braking system, and then affected control accuracy and the deceleration and stopping performance of EHB system.
Piezoelectric element generally has direct piezoelectric effect and inverse piezoelectric effect.Inverse piezoelectric effect refers in close-up crystal unit direction of polarization and applies electric field, at electric field action lower piezoelectric crystal, mechanically deform can occur or produce mechanical strees; When external electric field removes, these distortion or stress also can disappear thereupon, and close-up crystal unit is directly proportional to the size of electric field by deflection or stress value that electric field action produces.Piezoelectric type actuating unit based on inverse piezoelectric effect has high dynamic response performance, can improve frequency and control accuracy that brake-pressure regulates, cancels conduit under fluid pressure long in existing EHB system, is suitable as very much the brake actuator of EHB system.But to so far, vehicle electric hydraulic brake system piezoelectric type brake actuator also mentions, in addition, emergency brake function is a subject matter of line control brake system always.
Summary of the invention
There is hysteresis and braking liquid inertia lag phenomenon in the electromagnetic valve generally adopting for existing vehicle electric hydraulic brake system, affect dynamic characteristics and control accuracy and deceleration and stopping performance that brake-pressure regulates, the present invention proposes a kind of piezoelectric type brake actuator and using method of vehicle electric hydraulic brake system, inverse piezoelectric effect based on piezoelectric element, do not need to arrange onboard long conduit under fluid pressure, be easy to realize emergency brake function, improve dynamic response performance and the deceleration and stopping performance of brake system.
For achieving the above object, the piezoelectric type brake actuator of vehicle electric hydraulic brake system of the present invention is taked following technical scheme: the chamber with two sealings, two chambers are connected by braking liquid pipeline, the first chamber is located on braking clamp body, wherein there is first piston, on first piston right flank, be fixedly connected with friction shoe, in the chamber in first piston left side, have braking liquid and be communicated with conduit under fluid pressure; The second chamber is located in actuating unit housing, wherein there are the second piston, pull back spring and piezoelectric element, the chamber that the second piston right flank is close to piezoelectric element, left side is communicated with conduit under fluid pressure, in the chamber in the second piston left side, be braking liquid and pull back spring, pull back spring left end contacts the second chamber inner wall, right-hand member is pressed against on the second piston left surface.
The using method of the piezoelectric type brake actuator of vehicle electric hydraulic brake system of the present invention is taked following technical scheme: a piezoelectric type brake actuator is all installed in the relevant position of each wheel brake in four wheels of automobile; On the braking liquid pipeline of left and right front wheel brake actuating unit, respectively leave and connect flatly, and be respectively equipped with a check valve; The front end chamber of braking simulation master cylinder is the intracavity inter-connection via check valve, interface and left and right front wheel brake actuating unit by electromagnetic valve respectively, when vehicle electric hydraulic brake system lost efficacy, electromagnetic valve must conduct, chaufeur is by firmly trampling brake pedal, check valve conducting, make the braking liquid in braking simulation master cylinder front end chamber by electromagnetic valve, enter the inner chamber of left and right front wheel brake actuating unit, the first piston that promotes two actuating units moves to right, pressing friction piece and wheel brake, realize automobile emergent brake.
The good effect that the present invention has is:
1, the present invention adopts the piezoelectric type brake actuator based on inverse piezoelectric effect, by applying electric field, makes close-up crystal unit generation deformation, and output loads overcomes pull back spring to be tried hard to recommend moving piston and move, and produces wheel brake pressure; With applying, electric field value is different to be changed brake pressure value; When electric field is cancelled, piston is return under the combined action of pull back spring and close-up crystal unit deformation, and brake-pressure disappears.By regulating the electric field value applying, by adjusting, supply with magnitude of voltage or the power supply pulse duty factor of piezoelectric element, driven plunger action, realizes the accurate control to wheel braking force, has improved dynamic response performance and the deceleration and stopping performance of EHB system.
2, the feedback signal that brake fluid pressure sensor of the present invention is braking pressure control, braking liquid compensation box is connected with actuating unit inner chamber by small damping hole, makes up the braking liquid volume and the pressure that because of temperature traverse, cause and changes the impact producing.
3, the present invention have volume little, simple in structure, be convenient to install, do not need to arrange onboard long conduit under fluid pressure, be easy to realize the advantages such as emergency brake function, can improve dynamic response performance, deceleration and stopping performance and the safety performance of brake system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the piezoelectric type brake actuator of vehicle electric hydraulic brake system of the present invention and the mounting structure figure of wheel brake;
Fig. 2 is the general arrangement schematic that the present invention is used in vehicle;
Fig. 3 is the connection structure schematic diagram of the present invention and secondary braking sytem;
Reference numeral is as follows:
1. wheel brake; 2. friction shoe; 3. seal ring; 4. first piston; 5. brake fluid pressure sensor; 6. braking clamp body; 7. braking liquid pipeline; 8. housing; 9. pull back spring; 10. damping hole; 11. braking liquid compensation boxes; 12. second pistons; 13. piezoelectric elements; 14. connection plugs; 15. automobiles; 16. wheels; 17. off front wheel brake actuators; 18. off hind wheel brake actuators; 19. left rear wheel brake actuators; 20. the near front wheel brake actuators; 21. brake pedals; 22. braking simulation master cylinders; 25. first electromagnetic valves; 26. second electromagnetic valves.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention has the chamber of two sealings, difference the first chamber and the second chamber, and these two chambers are connected by a short braking liquid pipeline 7.Brake fluid pressure sensor 5 is set on braking liquid pipeline 7, for regenerative braking pressure controling signal.The first chamber is located on braking clamp body 6, has first piston 4 in the first chamber, between first piston 4 and braking clamp body 6 inwalls, seal ring 3 is set.On the right flank of first piston 4, be fixedly connected with a friction shoe 2, friction shoe 2 is positioned at the left and right sides of wheel brake 1.The chamber in first piston 4 left sides is communicated with conduit under fluid pressure 7, in first chamber in first piston 4 left sides, has braking liquid.Braking clamp body 6 and friction shoe 2 etc. are similar to conventional hydraulic plate disc brake.
The second chamber is located in actuating unit housing 8, has the second piston 12, pull back spring 9 and piezoelectric element 13 in the second chamber.Between the second piston 12 outer walls and the inwall of actuating unit housing 8, another seal ring 3 is installed.The right flank of the second piston 12 is close to piezoelectric element 13, the chamber in the second piston 12 left sides is communicated with conduit under fluid pressure 7, in second chamber in the second piston 12 left sides, be braking liquid and pull back spring 9, pull back spring 9 left end contacts are on the second chamber inner wall, and pull back spring 9 right-hand members are pressed against on the second piston 12 left surfaces.
First piston 4 adopts different sectional areas from the second piston 12, and the sectional area of first piston 4 is less than the sectional area of the second piston 12, and the little displacement of the second piston 12 is amplified, and meets the demand of first piston 4 moving displacements.
Pull back spring 9 initial conditions bear certain compressive force, and the second piston 12 is depressed into right-most position, and first piston 4 is positioned at the leftmost side, and friction shoe 2 is separated with brake disc 1, on brake disc 1, there is no braking force.
Be positioned on the locular wall of the second chamber in the second piston 12 left sides and have small damping hole 10, damping hole 10 connects the braking liquid compensation box 11 that is positioned at the second chamber outside, and braking liquid compensation box 11 is by damping hole 10 compensation brakings liquid.Braking liquid compensation box 11 is installed on brake actuator top, is fixedly connected with brake actuator, inside has a certain amount of braking liquid.When brake fluid temperature slowly raises, it is large that braking liquid volume and pressure become, and braking liquid enters braking liquid compensation box 11 by damping hole 10; When brake fluid temperature slowly reduces, braking liquid volume and pressure diminish, and the braking liquid in braking liquid compensation box 11 enters the second chamber, thereby make up the braking liquid volume and the pressure that cause because of temperature traverse, change the impact that brake actuator is produced.In brake actuator course of normal operation, because piezoelectric element 13 promotes the second pistons 12, move very soon, damping hole 10 braking liquid amount of flow are very little, so on not impact of brake actuator work.
The present invention can be equipped with an air-cooled or water-cooled power converter in braking liquid pipeline 7 outsides between the first chamber and the second chamber, for controlling the temperature of actuating unit inner chamber braking liquid, makes brake fluid temperature trend stable.
Brake fluid pressure sensor 5 is installed near on the braking liquid pipeline 7 of the first chamber, for detection of the pressure of the first chamber inside brake liquid, and the feedback signal of controlling as this wheel brake pressure.If brake fluid pressure is higher than goal pressure, control unit is supplied with larger voltage or improves piezoelectric element 13 for the dutycycle of electric pulse to piezoelectric element 13, and brake fluid pressure is increased; If brake fluid pressure is lower than goal pressure, control unit is supplied with less voltage or is reduced piezoelectric element 13 for the dutycycle of electric pulse to piezoelectric element 13, and brake fluid pressure is reduced.In addition, if the brake fluid pressure that brake fluid pressure sensor 5 detects exceeds the limit range of permission, control unit thinks that this brake actuator exists fault, by sound or indicator lamp warning reminding chaufeur, notes, stops in time, repairs.
When piezoelectric element 13 obtains electric generation mechanically deform, output loads overcomes pull back spring 9 elastic force to be promoted the second piston 12 and moves to the left, braking liquid in the second chamber is through braking liquid pipeline 7, flow in the first chamber, promoting first piston 4 moves to the right, friction shoe 2 is contacted with wheel brake 1, in wheel brake 1, produce braking force.The braking force size producing changes and changes with the magnitude of voltage applying on piezoelectric element 13.When piezoelectric element 13 dead electricity, piezoelectric element 13 distortion disappear, under the effect of pull back spring 9, the second piston 12 moves to the right, because there being the volume of braking liquid to become large in the second chamber, produces suction, make the braking liquid in the first chamber flow back into the second chamber, first piston 4 moves to the left, drives friction shoe 2 separated with wheel brake 1, and the braking force in wheel brake 1 disappears.By the magnitude of voltage applying on continuous adjusting piezoelectric element 13, can realize the accurate control to wheel brake pressure.
Referring to Fig. 2, the all parts of piezoelectric type brake actuator is made into an integral body, a brake actuator is installed in the relevant position of each wheel brake 1 in four wheels 16 of automobile 15, respectively off front wheel brake actuator 17, off hind wheel brake actuator 18, left rear wheel brake actuator 19, the near front wheel brake actuator 20, cancel the conduit under fluid pressure of the length in existing EHB system, each wheel braking actuating unit is relatively independent.Can give full play to the adhesion value of each wheel 16, and if one of them brake actuator go wrong, other several brake actuators still can normally be worked, and have improved deceleration and stopping performance and the safety performance of vehicle.
Referring to Fig. 3, on the braking liquid pipeline 7 of the near front wheel brake actuator 20 and off front wheel brake actuator 17, leave interface, and be respectively equipped with a check valve.The front end chamber of braking simulation master cylinder 22 is passed through respectively the first electromagnetic valve 25 and the second electromagnetic valve 26 via the intracavity inter-connection of check valve, interface and the near front wheel brake actuator 20 and off front wheel brake actuator 17.When EHB thrashing, the first electromagnetic valve 25 and the second electromagnetic valve 26 must conduct, chaufeur is by firmly trampling brake pedal 21, check valve conducting, can make the braking liquid in braking simulation master cylinder 22 front end chamber by the first electromagnetic valve 25 and the second electromagnetic valve 26, enter the inner chamber of the near front wheel brake actuator 20 and off front wheel brake actuator 17, the first piston 4 that promotes two actuating units moves, and pressing friction piece 2 and wheel brake 1, realize automobile emergent brake function.
Claims (8)
1. the piezoelectric type brake actuator of a vehicle electric hydraulic brake system, it is characterized in that: the chamber with two sealings, two chambers are connected by braking liquid pipeline (7), the first chamber is located on braking clamp body (6), wherein there is first piston (4), on first piston (4) right flank, be fixedly connected with friction shoe (2), in the chamber in first piston (4) left side, have braking liquid and be communicated with conduit under fluid pressure (7); The second chamber is located in actuating unit housing (8), wherein there are the second piston (12), pull back spring (9) and piezoelectric element (13), the chamber that the second piston (12) right flank is close to piezoelectric element (13), left side is communicated with conduit under fluid pressure (7), in the chamber in the second piston (12) left side, be braking liquid and pull back spring (9), pull back spring (9) left end contacts the second chamber inner wall, right-hand member is pressed against on the second piston (12) left surface.
2. piezoelectric type brake actuator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the sectional area of first piston (4) is less than the sectional area of the second piston (12).
3. piezoelectric type brake actuator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: pull back spring (9) initial condition bears certain compressive force and the second piston (12) is depressed into right-most position.
4. piezoelectric type brake actuator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: near on the braking liquid pipeline (7) of the first chamber, brake fluid pressure sensor (5) is set.
5. piezoelectric type brake actuator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: piezoelectric element (13) comprises multi-layer ceramics dignity and multi-layered electrode face, the both sides of every layer of pottery dignity are respectively equipped with one deck positive electricity pole-face and one deck negative electricity pole-face, and all positive electrodes, negative potential connect the voltage of 0 ~ 600 volt.
6. piezoelectric type brake actuator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be positioned on the locular wall of the second chamber in the second piston (12) left side and have damping hole (10), damping hole (10) connects the braking liquid compensation box (11) that is positioned at the second chamber outside.
7. piezoelectric type brake actuator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: braking liquid pipeline (7) outside is provided with an air-cooled or water-cooled power converter.
8. a using method for piezoelectric type brake actuator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: a piezoelectric type brake actuator is all installed in the relevant position of each wheel brake in four wheels of automobile; On the braking liquid pipeline (7) of left and right front wheel brake actuating unit, respectively leave and connect flatly, and be respectively equipped with a check valve; The front end chamber of braking simulation master cylinder is the intracavity inter-connection via check valve, interface and left and right front wheel brake actuating unit by electromagnetic valve respectively, when vehicle electric hydraulic brake system lost efficacy, electromagnetic valve must conduct, chaufeur is by firmly trampling brake pedal, check valve conducting, make the braking liquid in braking simulation master cylinder front end chamber by electromagnetic valve, enter the inner chamber of left and right front wheel brake actuating unit, the first piston (4) that promotes two actuating units moves to right, pressing friction piece (2) and wheel brake (1), realize automobile emergent brake.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310676959.2A CN103640565A (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2013-12-13 | Piezoelectric brake actuating mechanism of electronic hydraulic brake system for automobile and application method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310676959.2A CN103640565A (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2013-12-13 | Piezoelectric brake actuating mechanism of electronic hydraulic brake system for automobile and application method |
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| CN103640565A true CN103640565A (en) | 2014-03-19 |
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| CN201310676959.2A Pending CN103640565A (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2013-12-13 | Piezoelectric brake actuating mechanism of electronic hydraulic brake system for automobile and application method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114620017A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-06-14 | 菲格智能科技有限公司 | Vehicle, control method and device of brake system of vehicle, controller and storage medium |
| CN115014626A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-09-06 | 小米汽车科技有限公司 | Method and device for testing clamping force of electronic mechanical brake and vehicle |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4762300A (en) * | 1985-02-19 | 1988-08-09 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Control valve for controlling fluid passage |
| CN102442286A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-05-09 | 江苏技术师范学院 | Energy regeneration device of drive-by-wire braking system and control method of braking system |
| CN103318158A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-09-25 | 吉林大学 | Integrated electronic hydraulic brake system of automobile |
-
2013
- 2013-12-13 CN CN201310676959.2A patent/CN103640565A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4762300A (en) * | 1985-02-19 | 1988-08-09 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Control valve for controlling fluid passage |
| CN102442286A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-05-09 | 江苏技术师范学院 | Energy regeneration device of drive-by-wire braking system and control method of braking system |
| CN103318158A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-09-25 | 吉林大学 | Integrated electronic hydraulic brake system of automobile |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114620017A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-06-14 | 菲格智能科技有限公司 | Vehicle, control method and device of brake system of vehicle, controller and storage medium |
| CN115014626A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-09-06 | 小米汽车科技有限公司 | Method and device for testing clamping force of electronic mechanical brake and vehicle |
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Application publication date: 20140319 |