CN103486163B - Vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator - Google Patents
Vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator Download PDFInfo
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- CN103486163B CN103486163B CN201310453495.9A CN201310453495A CN103486163B CN 103486163 B CN103486163 B CN 103486163B CN 201310453495 A CN201310453495 A CN 201310453495A CN 103486163 B CN103486163 B CN 103486163B
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator, it includes braking clamp body, housing, piston, brake piston assembly, return spring, displacement amplifying mechanism, piezoelectric element and brake pad, brake piston assembly is slidably mounted on braking clamp body, piston and piezoelectric element are positioned at housing, the side of piston and piezoelectric element abut against, described displacement amplifying mechanism is arranged between the opposite side of piston and brake piston assembly, one end of return spring is connected on braking clamp body, and the other end is connected on brake piston assembly. Displacement amplifying mechanism includes displacement equations lever, salient point, fixed hinge and base thereof etc., utilizes lever principle that the thin tail sheep amount of piezoelectric element is amplified, meets the demand of brake pad moving displacement. The present invention is by regulating the electric field value that piezoelectric element applies, it is achieved the control to wheel braking force, it is possible to improve dynamic response performance and the braking ability of brakes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator, belong to vehicle brake technology field.
Background technology
Brakes is one of important component part of automobile, is directly connected to comprehensive vehicle performance and the security of the lives and property, including running brake, parking brake and auxiliary brake. Running brake is automobile primary brake, is generally adopted drum-type or disk-type friction mode of braking, by friction, the kinetic energy of automobile, potential energy are converted into heat energy, it is achieved the purpose of car deceleration or braking. Although conventional hydraulic formula, vapour-pressure type running brake disclosure satisfy that the requirements of existing brake legislation, but also exist response speed slow, can not active adjustment, be not easy to the weak points such as integrating control, be not suitable for the demand for development of current automobile.
Electromechanical braking system (EMB) is the one in line control brake system, it is made up of brake pedal module, electronic control module, brake actuator etc., eliminate hydraulic pressure in Conventional braking systems, air pressure parts, with electric wire for information transmission media, electric driving element is brake actuator, control unit is intended to according to brake pedal position sensor signal identification operator brake, controls brake actuator action, it is achieved the control to wheel braking force. EMB system with or without braking medium, do not need vacuum booster unit, reaction quickly, can active adjustment and be easily integrated the features such as control, compensate for the deficiency on Conventional braking systems structural principle, represent the development trend of running brake. At present, the brake actuator of EMB system is generally made up of drive motor, deceleration Zeng Niu mechanism, movement conversion mechanism etc., drive motor increases torque through deceleration Zeng Niu mechanism, rectilinear motion is converted rotational motion into again by movement conversion mechanism, brake pad is promoted to press to braking dish, it is achieved wheel braking. Electric motor type brake actuator structure is complex, and owing to drive motor works under the environment of " stall ", have impact on the service behaviour of EMB system.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is the defect overcoming prior art, it is provided that a kind of vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator, it can improve dynamic response performance and the braking ability of brakes, it is achieved the control to wheel braking force.
This invention address that above-mentioned technical problem adopts the technical scheme that: a kind of vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator, it includes braking clamp body, housing, piston, brake piston assembly, return spring, displacement amplifying mechanism, piezoelectric element and lay respectively at the braking dish both sides of vehicle and coordinate the brake pad braked with braking dish, brake piston assembly is slidably mounted on braking clamp body, piston and piezoelectric element are positioned at housing, the side of piston and piezoelectric element abut against, described displacement amplifying mechanism be arranged between the opposite side of piston and brake piston assembly with box lunch piezoelectric element apply external electric field produce mechanically deform on piston axial direction thus formed in the direction axial displacement time displacement amplifying mechanism be transformed into the axial displacement of brake piston assembly and make the cooperation that contacts with brake pad of braking dish produce to brake, one end of described return spring is connected on braking clamp body, the other end is connected on brake piston assembly and removes external electric field with box lunch piezoelectric element, mechanically deform on piston axial direction is supplied to the axial reverse push power of brake piston assembly so that brake piston assembly return and make braking dish and brake pad be separated so that braking disappearance when disappearing.
Further, described displacement amplifying mechanism includes at least two-stage displacement equations unit, every grade of displacement amplifying unit includes displacement equations lever, firm banking and salient point, firm banking is fixedly connected in housing, the fixing end of displacement equations lever is hinged on firm banking so that its free end rotates around hinged place, described salient point is arranged on the free end of corresponding displacement equations lever, and this salient point contacts with position between salient point and hinged place on the displacement equations lever of adjacent displacement equations unit, salient point on the displacement equations lever of the displacement equations unit of described most final stage abuts against with brake piston assembly, on the position that the opposite side of described piston is connected on the displacement equations lever of first order displacement equations unit between salient point and hinged place.
Further, described displacement amplifying mechanism includes intermediate piston, fulcrum cells and at least two-stage displacement equations unit, fulcrum cells includes fixed pivot base and fulcrum displacement equations lever, the middle part of fulcrum displacement equations lever is hinged on fixed pivot base, every grade of displacement amplifying unit includes displacement equations lever, firm banking and salient point, firm banking is fixedly connected in housing, the fixing end of displacement equations lever is hinged on firm banking so that its free end rotates around hinged place, described salient point is arranged on the free end of corresponding displacement equations lever, and this salient point contacts with position between salient point and hinged place on the displacement equations lever of adjacent displacement equations unit, salient point on the displacement equations lever of the displacement equations unit of described most final stage is abutted against by one end of intermediate piston Yu fulcrum displacement equations lever, the other end of fulcrum displacement equations lever and brake piston assembly abut against, on the position that the opposite side of described piston is connected on the displacement equations lever of first order displacement equations unit between salient point and hinged place.
Further, described brake piston assembly includes brake piston and brake piston bar, one end of brake piston bar is flexibly connected mutually with displacement amplifying mechanism, and the other end and brake piston are fixedly connected, and described return spring is sleeved on brake piston bar and abuts with it.
Further, it is main by piezoceramics layer and be respectively formed at the positive electrode layer of piezoceramics layer both sides and piezoelectric unit part that positive electrode layer is constituted that described piezoelectric element has many groups, and positive electrode layer and positive electrode layer are electrically connected successively.
Further, described housing is provided with connection plug, described positive electrode layer be electrically connected successively with positive electrode layer after be connected plug and be connected.
Further, described housing is provided with an air-cooled or water-cooled power converter.
Further, described braking clamp body is floating caliper type disc, and described displacement equations unit is two.
After have employed technique scheme, the piezoelectric element of the present invention applies electric field in piezoelectric ceramics polarised direction, at electric field action lower piezoelectric pottery, mechanically deform can occur or produce mechanical stress; When external electric field removes, these deformation or stress also can disappear therewith, and piezoelectric ceramics is directly proportional to the size of electric field by deflection produced by electric field action or stress value. By regulating magnitude of voltage or the power pulses dutycycle of supply piezoelectric element, displacement amplifying mechanism the thin tail sheep amount of piston is zoomed into the big displacement quantity of brake piston assembly, drives brake piston action, it is achieved the accurate control to wheel braking force. Vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator based on inverse piezoelectric effect has high dynamic response performance, it is possible to increase frequency and control accuracy that brake pressure regulates, improves dynamic response performance and the braking ability of EMB system. The present invention can avoid " stall " phenomenon of electric motor type brake actuator, has simple in construction, is easily installed, high reliability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the first embodiment of the vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the second embodiment of the vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Being clearly understood to make present disclosure be easier to, below according to specific embodiment and in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator, including braking clamp body 4, housing 17, piston 16, brake piston assembly 5, return spring 3, displacement amplifying mechanism, piezoelectric element 18 and lay respectively at braking dish 1 both sides of vehicle and coordinate the brake pad 2 braked with braking dish 1, brake piston assembly 5 is slidably mounted on braking clamp body 4, piston 16 and piezoelectric element 18 are positioned at housing 17, the side of piston 16 and piezoelectric element 18 abut against, displacement amplifying mechanism be arranged between the opposite side of piston 16 and brake piston assembly 5 with box lunch piezoelectric element 18 apply external electric field produce mechanically deform on piston 16 axial direction thus formed in the direction axial displacement time displacement amplifying mechanism be transformed into the axial displacement of brake piston assembly 5 and make braking dish 1 cooperation that contacts with brake pad 2 produce to brake, one end of return spring 3 is connected on braking clamp body 4, the other end is connected on brake piston assembly 5 and removes external electric field with box lunch piezoelectric element 18, mechanically deform on piston 16 axial direction is supplied to the axial reverse push power of brake piston assembly 5 so that brake piston assembly 5 return and make braking dish 1 and brake pad 2 be separated so that braking disappearance when disappearing.
As shown in Figure 1, displacement amplifying mechanism includes at least two-stage displacement equations unit, every grade of displacement amplifying unit includes displacement equations lever 15, firm banking 11 and salient point 6, firm banking 11 is fixedly connected in housing 17, the fixing end of displacement equations lever 15 is hinged on firm banking 11 by fixed hinge 10 so that its free end rotates around hinged place, salient point 6 is arranged on the free end of corresponding displacement equations lever 15, and this salient point 6 contacts with position between salient point 6 and hinged place on the displacement equations lever 15 of adjacent displacement equations unit, salient point 6 on the displacement equations lever 15 of the displacement equations unit of most final stage abuts against with brake piston assembly 5, on the position that the opposite side of piston 16 is connected on the displacement equations lever 15 of first order displacement equations unit between salient point 6 and hinged place. the displacement equations unit of Fig. 1 is two, but is not limited to this.
As it is shown in figure 1, return spring 3 is cylindroid helical-coil compression spring, it is installed between brake piston assembly 5 and braking clamp body 4, namely original state bears certain compression stress, brake piston assembly 5 is depressed into left-most position, makes brake pad 2 separate with braking dish 1, braking dish 1 does not have brake force.
Brake piston assembly 5 includes brake piston 5-1 and brake piston bar 20, and one end of brake piston bar 20 is flexibly connected mutually with displacement amplifying mechanism, and the other end and brake piston 5-1 are fixedly connected, and return spring 3 is sleeved on brake piston bar 20 and abuts with it.
It is main by piezoceramics layer and be respectively formed at the positive electrode layer of piezoceramics layer both sides and piezoelectric unit part that positive electrode layer is constituted that piezoelectric element 18 has many groups, and positive electrode layer and positive electrode layer are electrically connected successively. Housing 17 is provided with connection plug 19, positive electrode layer be electrically connected successively with positive electrode layer after be connected plug 19 and be connected. Piezoelectric element 18 supplies the voltage of 0 ~ 600 volt as required. The piezoelectric element 18 of general 3 centimeter length can comprise the piezoelectric ceramic thin sheet that 300 multi-layered thickness are 80 microns. The supply voltage of piezoelectric element 18 is accessed by connecting plug 19, and DC low-voltage is completed to the transformation of DC high voltage by DC-DC boost converter.
When piezoelectric element 18 obtains electric generation mechanically deform, output loads overcomes return spring 3 elastic force to promote piston 16 to move to the right, after piston 16 displacement being amplified by displacement amplifying mechanism, brake piston bar 20 and brake piston 5-1 is promoted to move to the right by the displacement equations lever 15 of the displacement equations unit of most final stage, make brake pad 2 contact with braking dish 1, braking dish 1 produces brake force. The brake force size produced changes with the magnitude of voltage change applied on piezoelectric element 18. When piezoelectric element 18 dead electricity, piezoelectric element 18 deformation disappears, under the effect of return spring 3, brake piston bar 20 and brake piston 5-1 move to the left, brake pad 2 separates with braking dish 1, and the brake force on braking dish 1 disappears, and promotes piston 16 to move return to the left by the displacement equations lever 15 of first order displacement equations unit simultaneously, by successively regulating the magnitude of voltage applied on piezoelectric element 18 or power pulses dutycycle, it is possible to achieve the accurate control to wheel braking force.
Housing 17 is provided with an air-cooled or water-cooled power converter, controls the temperature of this brake actuator, reduces the temperature impact on this brake actuator.
Housing 17 and braking clamp body 4 can be connected to one according to rational method.
The all parts of this piezoelectric type brake actuator can be made into an entirety, the appropriate location of each wheel brake is installed a piezoelectric type brake actuator, between them relatively independent, the attachment coefficient of each wheel can be given full play to, if and one of them brake actuator goes wrong, other several brake actuators remain to normal operation, improve braking ability and the security performance of vehicle.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator, including braking clamp body 4, housing 17, piston 16, brake piston assembly 5, return spring 3, displacement amplifying mechanism, piezoelectric element 18 and lay respectively at braking dish 1 both sides of vehicle and coordinate the brake pad 2 braked with braking dish 1, brake piston assembly 5 is slidably mounted on braking clamp body 4, piston 16 and piezoelectric element 18 are positioned at housing 17, the side of piston 16 and piezoelectric element 18 abut against, described displacement amplifying mechanism be arranged between the opposite side of piston 16 and brake piston assembly 5 with box lunch piezoelectric element 18 apply external electric field produce mechanically deform on piston 16 axial direction thus formed in the direction axial displacement time displacement amplifying mechanism be transformed into the axial displacement of brake piston assembly 5 and make braking dish 1 cooperation that contacts with brake pad 2 produce to brake, one end of return spring 3 is connected on braking clamp body 4, the other end is connected on brake piston assembly 5 and removes external electric field with box lunch piezoelectric element 18, mechanically deform on piston 16 axial direction is supplied to the axial reverse push power of brake piston assembly 5 so that brake piston assembly 5 return and make braking dish 1 and brake pad 2 be separated so that braking disappearance when disappearing.
As shown in Figure 2, housing 13 is fixedly connected on the top of braking clamp body 4, and housing 13 and braking clamp body 4 are provided with rear end cap 9, displacement amplifying mechanism includes intermediate piston 12, fulcrum cells and at least two-stage displacement equations unit, fulcrum cells includes fixed pivot base 8 and fulcrum displacement equations lever 7, the middle part of fulcrum displacement equations lever 7 is hinged on fixed pivot base 8 by a fixed hinge 10, fixed pivot base 8 is fixed on rear end cap 9, every grade of displacement amplifying unit includes displacement equations lever 15, firm banking 11 and salient point 6, firm banking 8 is fixedly connected in housing 17, the fixing end of displacement equations lever 15 is hinged on firm banking 8 by another fixed hinge 10 so that its free end rotates around hinged place, salient point 6 is arranged on the free end of corresponding displacement equations lever 15, and this salient point 6 contacts with position between salient point 6 and hinged place on the displacement equations lever of adjacent displacement equations unit, salient point 6 on the displacement equations lever 15 of the displacement equations unit of most final stage is abutted against by one end of intermediate piston 12 with fulcrum displacement equations lever 7, the other end of fulcrum displacement equations lever 7 and brake piston assembly 5 abut against, on the position that the opposite side of piston 16 is connected on the displacement equations lever 15 of first order displacement equations unit between salient point 6 and hinged place. the displacement equations unit of Fig. 2 is two, but is not limited to this.
It is main by piezoceramics layer and be respectively formed at the positive electrode layer of piezoceramics layer both sides and piezoelectric unit part that positive electrode layer is constituted that piezoelectric element 18 has many groups, and positive electrode layer and positive electrode layer are electrically connected successively.
Housing 17 is provided with connection plug 19, positive electrode layer be electrically connected successively with positive electrode layer after be connected plug 19 and be connected.The supply voltage of piezoelectric element 18 is accessed by connecting plug 19, and DC low-voltage is completed to the transformation of DC high voltage by DC-DC boost converter.
When piezoelectric element 18 obtains electric generation mechanically deform, output loads overcomes return spring 3 elastic force to promote piston 16 to move to the left, after piston 16 displacement being amplified by displacement amplifying mechanism, brake piston assembly 5 is promoted to move to the right by fulcrum displacement equations lever 7, make brake pad 2 contact with braking dish 1, braking dish 1 produces brake force. The brake force size produced changes with the magnitude of voltage change applied on piezoelectric element 18. When piezoelectric element 18 dead electricity, piezoelectric element 18 deformation disappears, under the effect of return spring 3, brake piston assembly 5 moves to the left, brake pad 2 separates with braking dish 1, and the brake force on braking dish 1 disappears, and promotes piston 16 to move return to the right by the displacement equations lever 15 of first order displacement equations unit simultaneously, by successively regulating the magnitude of voltage applied on piezoelectric element 18 or power pulses dutycycle, it is possible to achieve the accurate control to wheel braking force.
When piezoelectric element 18 obtains electric generation mechanically deform, the thin tail sheep amount of piston 16 is after the displacement equations lever 15 of first order displacement equations unit, the displacement equations lever 15 of second level displacement equations unit, intermediate piston 12 and fulcrum displacement equations lever 7, it is enlarged into the big displacement quantity of brake piston assembly 5, brake pad 2 is promoted to press to braking dish 1, it is achieved wheel braking. When piezoelectric element 18 dead electricity, piezoelectric element 18 deformation disappears, under the effect of return spring 3, brake piston assembly 5 moves to the left, brake pad 2 separates with braking dish 1, brake force on braking dish 1 disappears, and brake piston 5 is through the displacement equations lever 15 of fulcrum displacement equations lever 7, intermediate piston 12, the displacement equations lever 15 of second level displacement equations unit and first order displacement equations unit simultaneously, promotes piston 16 to move return to the right.
Housing 17 is provided with an air-cooled or water-cooled power converter, controls the temperature of this brake actuator, reduces the temperature impact on this brake actuator.
Housing 17 and braking clamp body 4 can be connected to one according to rational method.
The all parts of this piezoelectric type brake actuator is made into an entirety, the appropriate location of each wheel brake is installed this piezoelectric type brake actuator, between them relatively independent, the attachment coefficient of each wheel can be given full play to, if and one of them brake actuator goes wrong, other several brake actuators remain to normal operation, improve braking ability and the security performance of vehicle.
Particular embodiments described above; to present invention solves the technical problem that, technical scheme and beneficial effect further described; it is it should be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; it is not limited to the present invention; all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator, it is characterized in that: it includes braking clamp body (4), housing (17), piston (16), brake piston assembly (5), return spring (3), displacement amplifying mechanism, piezoelectric element (18) and lay respectively at braking dish (1) both sides of vehicle and coordinate the brake pad (2) of braking with braking dish (1), brake piston assembly (5) is slidably mounted on braking clamp body (4), piston (16) and piezoelectric element (18) are positioned at housing (17), the side of piston (16) and piezoelectric element (18) abut against, described displacement amplifying mechanism be arranged between the opposite side of piston (16) and brake piston assembly (5) with box lunch piezoelectric element (18) apply external electric field produce mechanically deform on piston (16) axial direction thus formed in the direction axial displacement time displacement amplifying mechanism be transformed into the axial displacement of brake piston assembly (5) and make braking dish (1) cooperation that contacts with brake pad (2) produce to brake, one end of described return spring (3) is connected on braking clamp body (4), the other end is connected on brake piston assembly (5) and removes external electric field with box lunch piezoelectric element (18), mechanically deform on piston (16) axial direction is supplied to the axial reverse push power of brake piston assembly (5) so that brake piston assembly (5) return and make braking dish (1) and brake pad (2) be separated so that braking disappearance when disappearing, described displacement amplifying mechanism includes intermediate piston (12), fulcrum cells and at least two-stage displacement equations unit, fulcrum cells includes fixed pivot base (8) and fulcrum displacement equations lever (7), the middle part of fulcrum displacement equations lever (7) is hinged on fixed pivot base (8), every grade of displacement amplifying unit includes displacement equations lever (15), firm banking (11) and salient point (6), firm banking (11) is fixedly connected in housing (17), the fixing end of displacement equations lever (15) is hinged on firm banking (11) above so that its free end rotates around hinged place, described salient point (6) is arranged on the free end of corresponding displacement equations lever (15), and this salient point (6) contacts with position between salient point (6) and hinged place on the displacement equations lever of adjacent displacement equations unit, salient point (6) on the displacement equations lever (15) of the displacement equations unit of most final stage is abutted against by one end of intermediate piston (12) Yu fulcrum displacement equations lever (7), the other end of fulcrum displacement equations lever (7) and brake piston assembly (5) abut against, the opposite side of described piston (16) is connected on the upper position between salient point (6) and hinged place of displacement equations lever (15) of first order displacement equations unit.
2. vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is main by piezoceramics layer and be respectively formed at the positive electrode layer of piezoceramics layer both sides and piezoelectric unit part that positive electrode layer is constituted that described piezoelectric element (18) has many groups, and positive electrode layer and positive electrode layer are electrically connected successively.
3. vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described housing (17) is provided with connection plug (19), described positive electrode layer be electrically connected successively with positive electrode layer after be connected plug (19) and be connected.
4. vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described housing (17) is provided with an air-cooled or water-cooled power converter.
5. vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described displacement equations unit is two-stage.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310453495.9A CN103486163B (en) | 2013-09-29 | 2013-09-29 | Vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator |
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| CN201310453495.9A CN103486163B (en) | 2013-09-29 | 2013-09-29 | Vehicle electric mechanical braking system piezoelectric type brake actuator |
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| CN103486163B true CN103486163B (en) | 2016-06-08 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103994159B (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2016-08-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of method of work of the laminated piezoelectric brake using flexible structure for amplifying |
| CN107117144B (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2019-09-10 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of brake feel piezoelectric element adjustable type brake treadle mechanism |
| CN107117143B (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2019-07-23 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of brake feel piezoelectric type adjustable damping brake treadle mechanism |
| CN107554503A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2018-01-09 | 江苏理工学院 | Driving type piezoelectric actuator brake |
| CN111441233B (en) * | 2020-03-08 | 2021-06-11 | 武汉理工大学 | Voltage-driven friction energy dissipation device for bridge structure |
| WO2022040915A1 (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-03-03 | 西门子（中国）有限公司 | Joint assembly and robot |
| CN112238842B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-05-28 | 合肥工业大学 | Brake system for unmanned vehicle |
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| DE3600733A1 (en) * | 1985-01-17 | 1986-07-17 | Nippon Soken, Inc., Nishio, Aichi | CONTROL DEVICE FOR VEHICLE BRAKES |
| US4762300A (en) * | 1985-02-19 | 1988-08-09 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Control valve for controlling fluid passage |
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