CN103633623A - High-voltage direct-current (DC) transformer and control method thereof - Google Patents

High-voltage direct-current (DC) transformer and control method thereof Download PDF

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CN103633623A
CN103633623A CN201310659469.1A CN201310659469A CN103633623A CN 103633623 A CN103633623 A CN 103633623A CN 201310659469 A CN201310659469 A CN 201310659469A CN 103633623 A CN103633623 A CN 103633623A
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voltage
semiconductor switch
converter
low
series
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CN103633623B (en
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李子欣
王平
李耀华
高范强
徐飞
楚遵方
孙湛冬
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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Abstract

The invention relates to a high-voltage direct-current (DC) transformer and a control method thereof. The high-voltage DC transformer comprises N isolation type low-voltage DC-DC converters. The high-voltage side of each low-voltage DC-DC converter comprises a first mechanical bypass switch (K1), and the low-voltage side thereof comprises a second mechanical bypass switch (K2). During normal operation, a control system allows R isolation type low-voltage DC-DC converters to be in the redundancy state and the rest N-R isolation type low-voltage DC-DC converters to be in the normal state, wherein 0<R<N. When one optional isolation type low-voltage DC-DC converter inside fails, the first mechanical bypass switch (K1) on the high-voltage side of the converter is switched on, and second mechanical bypass switch (K2) on the low-voltage side of the converter is switched off. Regardless of whether the internal circuit fails or not, only N-R isolation type low-voltage DC-DC converters bear high DC voltage, and voltage input and output are not affected when some parts of the circuit is bypassed.

Description

High voltage direct current transformer and control method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to high voltage direct current transformer and the control method thereof of a kind of high reliability in high voltage direct current (more than 10kV) power transmission and distribution field.
Background technology
High voltage direct current more than 10kV (High Voltage Direct Current, HVDC) technology is applied to power consumption equipment, transmit high-power power from remote power plant conventionally, and transmission line can be overhead transmission line or submarine cable.When traditional interchange networking blueprint is infeasible, HVDC technology also can be for connecting two independently electrical networks.General HVDC transmission system has the efficiency of lower cost and Geng Gao than AC transmission system.In the middle of AC transmission system, can be at power transmission line along the line by power transformer by backbone network electric power tap to load.But for HVDC transmission system, because power transformer cannot transmit direct current energy, when needs generally need to be set up current conversion station during to load supplying along the line.But the common capacity of current conversion station is very large, be not suitable for distribution or the load tap of direct current power.
In existing high voltage direct current transformer circuit topological project, be generally all that the input side DC capacitor of low voltage DC-DC converter is directly connected in series to high voltage direct current side.For example, US Patent No. 8345457, European patent EP 1184963 A2, Chinese patent CN 201830144 U, Chinese patent CN 102185480 A, Chinese patent CN 102522897 A etc. are to have adopted this scheme in high voltage direct current side.
The shortcoming of these existing programs is, when a certain low voltage DC-DC converter breaks down or damage, if the DC capacitor bypass of its high input voltage side can, by this capacitance short-circuit, can directly be damaged to this electric capacity; Simultaneously, because the high-pressure side DC capacitor of total N platform DC-DC converter is directly connected, if the high-pressure side DC capacitor of a DC-DC converter is bypassed, the electric capacity quantity of bearing high-voltage dc voltage can be reduced to N-1, also just say, the direct voltage that all the other electric capacity that do not break down bear can raise as original N/ (N-1), and this can affect the safe operation of DC capacitor; And because the input voltage of each low voltage DC-DC converter changes, the output voltage of whole commutator transformer also can directly be affected.Therefore, once the partial circuit wherein of the high voltage direct current transformer scheme in existing patent breaks down, will the input of whole high voltage direct current transformer, output characteristic be produced and be had a strong impact on, even cause damage, cause system out of service, be difficult to realize fault redundance and the high reliability operation of main circuit part.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome existing HVDC distribution system high voltage direct current transformer be difficult to realize the operation of main circuit fault redundance and cause the shortcoming that system reliability is low, a kind of high voltage direct current transformer and control method thereof are proposed.In the time of not only can there is damage or fault at the partial circuit of high voltage direct current distribution system inside in the present invention, itself and remaining circuit can be kept apart, and do not affect the normal operation of whole commutator transformer, also can not change the direct voltage grade of high pressure and low-pressure side, can improve high voltage direct current to low-voltage direct converter reliability of operation simultaneously.
High voltage direct current transformer of the present invention consists of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter, and N is any positive integer.Wherein, between high-pressure side first splicing ear of described isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter and the second splicing ear, be parallel with the first mechanical type by-pass switch; Between low-pressure side the 3rd splicing ear of described isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter and the 4th splicing ear, be in series with the second mechanical type by-pass switch; High-pressure side first splicing ear of First isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter and the positive pole of high voltage direct current side link together; High-pressure side second splicing ear of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter and the negative pole of high voltage direct current side link together; M platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter high-pressure side the second splicing ear and m+1 platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter high-pressure side the first splicing ear link together, 1<m<N; The low-pressure side splicing ear of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter and the positive pole of low-voltage direct side connect jointly; The low-pressure side splicing ear of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter and the negative pole of low-voltage direct side connect jointly.
High voltage direct current transformer of the present invention is characterised in that its isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter consists of mechanical type by-pass switch, semiconductor switch, capacitor, high frequency transformer and passive device; The first mechanical type by-pass switch is in parallel with the second semiconductor switch; The first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch are connected in series, and the collector electrode of the emitter of the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch is connected to the first splicing ear; The first capacitor and the second capacitor's series are connected to the first points of common connection; The 3rd semiconductor switch and the 4th semiconductor switch are connected in series, and the collector electrode of the emitter of the 3rd semiconductor switch and the 4th semiconductor switch is connected to the second points of common connection; The 3rd capacitor and the 4th capacitor's series are connected to the 4th points of common connection; The 5th semiconductor switch and the 6th semiconductor switch are connected in series, and the collector electrode of the emitter of the 5th semiconductor switch and the 6th semiconductor switch is connected to the 3rd points of common connection; The collector electrode of the positive pole of the collector electrode of the first semiconductor switch and the first capacitor, the 3rd semiconductor switch is connected to the 5th tie point; The emitter of the negative pole of the emitter of the second semiconductor switch and the second capacitor, the 4th semiconductor switch is connected to the second splicing ear; The positive pole of the collector electrode of the 5th semiconductor switch and the 3rd capacitor is connected in the 6th tie point; The negative pole of the emitter of the 6th semiconductor switch and the 4th capacitor is connected to the 4th splicing ear; One end of the second mechanical mechanical type by-pass switch is connected to the 6th tie point, and the other end of the second mechanical mechanical type by-pass switch is as the 3rd splicing ear; First, second two points of common connection are connected with the high-pressure side windings in series of the first passive device and high frequency transformer; The 3rd points of common connection is connected with the low-pressure side windings in series of the second passive device and high frequency transformer with the 4th points of common connection.
Control system to the control of high voltage direct current transformer of the present invention by high voltage direct current transformer realizes, and concrete grammar is as follows:
Described control method makes R platform in high voltage direct current transformer N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter in redundancy of effort state, and 0<R<N; Under normal circumstances, the high-pressure side first mechanical type by-pass switch of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is all in off state, and its low-pressure side second mechanical type by-pass switch is all in closure state; In any one control cycle, the high-pressure side of N-R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is connected in series to high voltage direct current side, be that on high-tension side the first semiconductor switch of isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is conducting state, and the second semiconductor switch is off state; Meanwhile, high-pressure side first semiconductor switch of remaining R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is off state, and the second semiconductor switch is conducting state, and the high-pressure side of R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is not connected in series in high voltage direct current; Because the low-pressure side of every isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is connected in parallel and inverter power can two-way flow, so the high side voltage of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter all equates, and is equal to 1/ (N-R) of high-voltage dc voltage; When damage or fault appear in the inside of any isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter, its on high-tension side first mechanical type by-pass switch is closed, and the mechanical type by-pass switch of its low-pressure side disconnects simultaneously, makes the cut-out that contacts of this module and remainder circuit; After the isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter breaking down is bypassed, in any one control cycle, still only have the high-pressure side of N-R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter to be connected in series to high voltage direct current side, can not affect the normal operation of whole high voltage direct current transformer, can not affect the rated designs value of input, output voltage yet.In addition, all mechanical type by-pass switches in commutator transformer of the present invention only need to bear low-voltage dc voltage, the difficulty of having avoided mechanical high-voltage DC switch to be difficult to physics realization.
Therefore, compare with existing high voltage direct current transformer, still normally operation while breaking down that the present invention can realize high voltage direct current transformer interior section circuit, has improved its reliability of operation, is particularly useful for high-voltage direct current power grid power transmission and distribution the field more than higher 10kV of reliability requirement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is high voltage direct current transformer circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrate the present invention.
The circuit theory diagrams of high voltage direct current transformer of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, high voltage direct current transformer of the present invention consists of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter, and N is any positive integer.Wherein, the high-pressure side first splicing ear T of described isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter 1with the second splicing ear T 2between be parallel with the first mechanical type by-pass switch K 1; Low-pressure side the 3rd splicing ear T of described isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter 3with the 4th splicing ear T 4between be in series with the second mechanical type by-pass switch K 2); The high-pressure side first splicing ear T of First isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter 1link together with the positive pole of high voltage direct current side; The high-pressure side second splicing ear T of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter 2link together with the negative pole of high voltage direct current side; M platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter high-pressure side the second splicing ear T 2with m+1 platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter high-pressure side the first splicing ear T 1link together, 1<m<N; The low-pressure side splicing ear T of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter 3jointly connect with the positive pole of low-voltage direct side; The low-pressure side splicing ear T of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter 4jointly connect with the negative pole of low-voltage direct side.
Isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter in high voltage direct current transformer of the present invention is by mechanical type by-pass switch K 1, K 2, semiconductor switch S 1-S 6, capacitor C 1-C 4, high frequency transformer HFT and passive device Z 1, Z 2form; The first mechanical type by-pass switch K 1with the second semiconductor switch S 2in parallel; The first semiconductor switch S1) with the second semiconductor switch S 2be connected in series, i.e. the first semiconductor switch S 1emitter and the second semiconductor switch S 2) collector electrode be connected to the first splicing ear T 1; The first capacitor C 1with the second capacitor C 2be connected in series in the first points of common connection a; The 3rd semiconductor switch S 3with the 4th semiconductor switch S 4be connected in series, i.e. the 3rd semiconductor switch S 3emitter and the 4th semiconductor switch S 4collector electrode be connected to the second points of common connection b; The 3rd capacitor C 3with the 4th capacitor C 4be connected in series, its tie point is the 4th points of common connection d; The 5th semiconductor switch S 5with the 6th semiconductor switch S 6be connected in series, i.e. the 5th semiconductor switch S 5emitter and the 6th semiconductor switch S 6collector electrode be connected to the 3rd points of common connection c; The first semiconductor switch S 1collector electrode and the first capacitor C 1positive pole, the 3rd semiconductor switch S 3collector electrode be connected to the 5th tie point P 5; The second semiconductor switch S 2emitter and the second capacitor C 2negative pole, the 4th semiconductor switch S 4emitter be connected to the second splicing ear T 2; The 5th semiconductor switch S 5collector electrode and the 3rd capacitor C 3positive pole be connected in the 6th points of common connection P 6; The 6th semiconductor switch S 6emitter and the 4th capacitor C 4negative pole be connected to the 4th splicing ear T 4the second mechanical mechanical type by-pass switch K 2one end be connected to the 6th points of common connection P 6, the second mechanical mechanical type by-pass switch K 2the other end as the 3rd splicing ear T 3; First, second two points of common connection a, b and the first passive device Z 1and the high-pressure side windings in series of high frequency transformer HFT connects; The 3rd points of common connection c and the 4th points of common connection d and the second passive device Z 2and the low-pressure side windings in series of high frequency transformer HFT connects.
The control method of high voltage direct current transformer of the present invention is as follows:
The control system of the present invention by high voltage direct current transformer controlled described high voltage direct current transformer, and making the R platform in the isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter described in N platform is redundancy of effort state, and 0<R<N; Under normal circumstances, the control system of high voltage direct current transformer makes the high-pressure side first mechanical type by-pass switch K of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter 1all in off state, and its low-pressure side the second mechanical type by-pass switch K 2all in closure state; In any one control cycle, the control system of high voltage direct current transformer makes the high-pressure side of N-R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter be connected in series to high voltage direct current side, and the control system of high voltage direct current transformer makes on high-tension side the first semiconductor switch S of isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter 1for conducting state, and the second semiconductor switch S 2for off state; Meanwhile, the control system of high voltage direct current transformer makes the high-pressure side first semiconductor switch S of remaining R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter 1for off state, and the second semiconductor switch S 2for conducting state, even the high-pressure side of R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is not connected in series in high voltage direct current; Because the low-pressure side of every isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is connected in parallel and inverter power can two-way flow, so the high side voltage of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter all equates, and is equal to 1/ (N-R) of high-voltage dc voltage; When damage or fault appear in the inside of any isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter, the control system of high voltage direct current transformer makes its on high-tension side the first mechanical type by-pass switch K 1closure, with the mechanical type by-pass switch K of its low-pressure side in season 2disconnect, make to be damaged or isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter of fault and remainder circuit contact cut-out; After the isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter breaking down is bypassed, in any one control cycle, still only have the high-pressure side of N-R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter to be connected in series to high voltage direct current side, can not affect the normal operation of whole high voltage direct current transformer, can not affect the rated designs value of input, output voltage yet.
The high voltage direct current transformer of a 16kV/750V of take further illustrates the specific embodiment of the present invention as example: high-voltage dc voltage is 16kV, and low-voltage dc voltage is 750V, contains altogether 18 isolated form low voltage DC-DC converters, i.e. N=18; Isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter of 2 redundancies is set, i.e. R=2; The control cycle of simultaneously supposing isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is 1/10kHz=0.1ms:
(1) the high-pressure side mechanical type by-pass switch K of 18 isolated form low voltage DC-DC converters under normal circumstances, 1all in off state, and its low-pressure side mechanical type by-pass switch K 2all, in closure state, in the control cycle of any one 0.1ms, high-pressure side only has the high-pressure side capacitances in series of 16 isolated form low voltage DC-DC converters to be connected to high voltage direct current side all the time, and the voltage on each electric capacity is 16kV/16=1000V; And the high-pressure side of remaining 2 isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is due to S 2in conducting state, its capacitance voltage obtains energy by DC-DC converter from low-pressure side and supports, is also 1000V.
(2) when there is damage or fault in the inside of any isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter in 18, its on high-tension side mechanical type by-pass switch K 1closed immediately, the mechanical type by-pass switch K of its low-pressure side of while 2disconnect immediately, make to be damaged or isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter of fault and remainder circuit contact cut-out; After isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter of this fault is bypassed, the normal isolated form low voltage DC-DC of state converter still has 17, and the high-pressure side of still only having 18-2=16 platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter in any one 0.1ms control cycle has been connected in series to high voltage direct current side, therefore can not affect the normal operation of whole high voltage direct current transformer, the high-pressure side electric capacity that high-pressure side remains 16 isolated form low voltage DC-DC converters bears high-voltage dc voltage 16kV, so output voltage can not change yet.

Claims (4)

1.一种高压直流变压器，所述的高压直流变压器由N台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器通过高压侧串联、低压侧并联构成，N为任意正整数，其特征在于，所述的隔离型低压DC-DC变换器的高压侧第一连接端子（T1）和第二连接端子（T2）之间并联有第一机械式旁路开关（K1）；所述的隔离型低压DC-DC变换器的低压侧第三连接端子（T3）和第四连接端子（T4）之间串联有第二机械式旁路开关（K2）；第一台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器的高压侧第一连接端子（T1）与高压直流侧的正极连接在一起；第N台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器的高压侧第二连接端子（T2）与高压直流侧的负极连接在一起；第m台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器高压侧第二连接端子（T2）与第m+1台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器高压侧第一连接端子（T1）连接在一起，1<m<N；N台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器的低压侧连接端子（T3）与低压直流侧的正极共同连接一起；N台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器的低压侧连接端子（T4）与低压直流侧的负极共同连接一起。1. A high-voltage DC transformer, the high-voltage DC transformer is composed of N isolated low-voltage DC-DC converters connected in series on the high-voltage side and connected in parallel on the low-voltage side, N is any positive integer, and it is characterized in that the isolated type A first mechanical bypass switch (K 1 ) is connected in parallel between the first connection terminal (T 1 ) and the second connection terminal (T 2 ) of the high-voltage side of the low-voltage DC-DC converter; the isolated low-voltage DC- A second mechanical bypass switch (K 2 ) is connected in series between the third connection terminal (T 3 ) and the fourth connection terminal (T 4 ) on the low-voltage side of the DC converter; the first isolated low-voltage DC-DC converter The first connection terminal (T 1 ) on the high-voltage side of the high-voltage side is connected to the positive pole of the high-voltage DC side; the second connection terminal (T 2 ) on the high-voltage side of the Nth isolated low-voltage DC-DC converter is connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage DC side Together; the second connection terminal (T 2 ) of the high-voltage side of the m-th isolated low-voltage DC-DC converter is connected to the first connection terminal (T 1 ) of the high-voltage side of the m+1-th isolated low-voltage DC-DC converter. Together, 1<m<N; the low-voltage side connection terminal (T 3 ) of N isolated low-voltage DC-DC converters is connected together with the positive pole of the low-voltage DC side; the low-voltage side of N isolated low-voltage DC-DC converters The connecting terminal (T 4 ) is commonly connected with the negative pole of the low-voltage DC side. 2.如权利要求1所述的高压直流变压器，其特征在于所述的隔离型低压DC-DC变换器由机械式旁路开关（K1、K2）、半导体开关（S1-S6）、电容器（C1-C4）、高频变压器（HFT）以及无源器件（Z1、Z2）构成；第一机械式旁路开关（K1）与第二半导体开关（S2）并联；第一半导体开关（S1）与第二半导体开关（S2）串联连接，即第一半导体开关（S1）的发射极与第二半导体开关（S2）的集电极连接在第一连接端子（T1）；第一电容器（C1）与第二电容器（C2）串联连接，连接点为第一公共连接点（a）；第三半导体开关（S3）与第四半导体开关（S4）串联连接，即第三半导体开关（S3）的发射极与第四半导体开关（S4）的集电极连接在第二公共连接点（b）；第三电容器（C3）与第四电容器（C4）串联连接，其公共连接点为（d）；第五半导体开关（S5）与第六半导体开关（S6）串联连接，即第五半导体开关（S5）的发射极与第六半导体开关（S6）的集电极连接在第三公共连接点（c）；第一半导体开关（S1）的集电极与第一电容器（C1）的正极、第三半导体开关（S3）的集电极连接在第五连接点（P5）；第二半导体开关（S2）的发射极与第二电容器（C2）的负极、第四半导体开关（S4）的发射极连接在第二连接端子（T2）；第五半导体开关（S5）的集电极与第三电容器（C3）的正极连接于第六连接点（P6）；第六半导体开关（S6）的发射极与第四电容器（C4）的负极连接在第四连接端子（T4）；第二机械机械式旁路开关（K2）的一端连接到第六连接点（P6），第二机械机械式旁路开关（K2）的另一端作为第三连接端子（T3）；第一、第二两个公共连接点（a、b）与第一无源器件（Z1）以及高频变压器（HFT）的高压侧绕组串联连接；第三公共连接点（c）和第四公共连接点（d）与第二无源器件（Z2）以及高频变压器（HFT）的低压侧绕组串联连接。2. The high-voltage DC transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that the isolated low-voltage DC-DC converter consists of mechanical bypass switches (K 1 , K 2 ), semiconductor switches (S 1 -S 6 ) , capacitors (C 1 -C 4 ), high frequency transformer (HFT) and passive components (Z 1 , Z 2 ); the first mechanical bypass switch (K 1 ) is connected in parallel with the second semiconductor switch (S 2 ) ; The first semiconductor switch (S1) is connected in series with the second semiconductor switch (S 2 ), that is, the emitter of the first semiconductor switch (S 1 ) is connected to the collector of the second semiconductor switch (S 2 ) at the first connection terminal (T 1 ); the first capacitor (C 1 ) is connected in series with the second capacitor (C 2 ), and the connection point is the first common connection point (a); the third semiconductor switch (S 3 ) and the fourth semiconductor switch (S 4 ) series connection, that is, the emitter of the third semiconductor switch (S 3 ) is connected to the collector of the fourth semiconductor switch (S 4 ) at the second common connection point (b); the third capacitor (C 3 ) and the fourth The capacitor (C 4 ) is connected in series, and its common connection point is (d); the fifth semiconductor switch (S 5 ) is connected in series with the sixth semiconductor switch (S 6 ), that is, the emitter of the fifth semiconductor switch (S 5 ) is connected to The collector of the sixth semiconductor switch (S 6 ) is connected to the third common connection point (c); the collector of the first semiconductor switch (S 1 ) is connected to the anode of the first capacitor (C 1 ), and the third semiconductor switch (S 3 ) the collector is connected to the fifth connection point (P 5 ); the emitter of the second semiconductor switch (S 2 ) is connected to the cathode of the second capacitor (C 2 ) and the emitter of the fourth semiconductor switch (S 4 ) At the second connection terminal (T 2 ); the collector of the fifth semiconductor switch (S 5 ) and the anode of the third capacitor (C 3 ) are connected to the sixth connection point (P 6 ); the sixth semiconductor switch (S 6 ) The emitter of the fourth capacitor (C 4 ) is connected to the fourth connection terminal (T 4 ); one end of the second mechanical bypass switch (K 2 ) is connected to the sixth connection point (P 6 ), the The other end of the mechanical bypass switch (K 2 ) is used as the third connection terminal (T 3 ); the first and second two common connection points (a, b) are connected to the first passive device (Z 1 ) and The high-voltage side winding of the high-frequency transformer (HFT) is connected in series; the third common connection point (c) and the fourth common connection point (d) are connected with the second passive device (Z 2 ) and the low-voltage side of the high-frequency transformer (HFT) The windings are connected in series. 3.如权利要求1所述的高压直流变压器，其特征在于所述的机械式旁路开关（K1、K2）只需要承受低压直流电压。3. The high-voltage DC transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical bypass switches (K 1 , K 2 ) only need to withstand low-voltage DC voltage. 4.对权利要求1所述的高压直流变压器的控制方法，其特征在于所述的控制方法为：所述的高压直流变压器中，N台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器中的R台为冗余工作状态，且0<R<N；正常情况下，N台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器的高压侧第一机械式旁路开关（K1）均处于关断状态，而其低压侧第二机械式旁路开关（K2）均处于闭合状态；在任意一个控制周期内，N-R台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器的高压侧串联连接到高压直流侧，即隔离型低压DC-DC变换器高压侧的第一半导体开关（S1）为导通状态，而第二半导体开关（S2）为关断状态；同时，其余的R台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器的高压侧第一半导体开关（S1）为关断状态，而第二半导体开关（S2）为导通状态，即R台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器的高压侧未被串联到高压直流中；由于每台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器的低压侧并联在一起且变换器功率能够双向流动，因此N台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器的高压侧电压均相等，且均等于高压直流电压的1/(N-R)；当任意一台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器的内部出现损坏或故障时，其高压侧的第一机械式旁路开关（K1）闭合，同时其低压侧的机械式旁路开关（K2）断开，使得发生损坏或故障的隔离型低压DC-DC变换器与其余部分电路的联系切断；该故障的隔离型低压DC-DC变换器被旁路之后，在任意一个控制周期内仍然只有N-R台隔离型低压DC-DC变换器的高压侧串联连接到了高压直流侧，不影响整个高压直流变压器的正常工作，也不影响输入、输出电压的额定设计值。4. to the control method of the described high-voltage direct-current transformer of claim 1, it is characterized in that described control method is: in described high-voltage direct-current transformer, the R station in N isolated low-voltage DC-DC converters is redundant In other working states, and 0<R<N; under normal circumstances, the first mechanical bypass switch (K 1 ) on the high-voltage side of N isolated low-voltage DC-DC converters is in the off state, while the first mechanical bypass switch (K 1 ) on the low-voltage side The two mechanical bypass switches (K 2 ) are all in the closed state; in any control cycle, the high voltage side of the NR isolated low voltage DC-DC converter is connected in series to the high voltage DC side, that is, the isolated low voltage DC-DC converter The first semiconductor switch (S 1 ) on the high voltage side of the converter is in the on state, while the second semiconductor switch (S 2 ) is in the off state; at the same time, the first The semiconductor switch (S 1 ) is in the off state, while the second semiconductor switch (S 2 ) is in the on state, that is, the high voltage side of R sets of isolated low voltage DC-DC converters is not connected in series to the high voltage DC; because each The low-voltage sides of the isolated low-voltage DC-DC converters are connected in parallel and the converter power can flow in both directions, so the voltages of the high-voltage sides of the N isolated low-voltage DC-DC converters are all equal and equal to 1/( NR); when any isolated low-voltage DC-DC converter is damaged or faulty, the first mechanical bypass switch (K 1 ) on the high-voltage side is closed, and the mechanical bypass switch on the low-voltage side (K 2 ) is disconnected, so that the damaged or faulty isolated low-voltage DC-DC converter is cut off from the rest of the circuit; after the faulty isolated low-voltage DC-DC converter is bypassed, in any control cycle Only the high-voltage side of the NR isolated low-voltage DC-DC converter is connected in series to the high-voltage DC side, which does not affect the normal operation of the entire high-voltage DC transformer, nor does it affect the rated design values of input and output voltages.
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