CN103633623A - High-voltage direct-current (DC) transformer and control method thereof - Google Patents
High-voltage direct-current (DC) transformer and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-voltage direct-current (DC) transformer and a control method thereof. The high-voltage DC transformer comprises N isolation type low-voltage DC-DC converters. The high-voltage side of each low-voltage DC-DC converter comprises a first mechanical bypass switch (K1), and the low-voltage side thereof comprises a second mechanical bypass switch (K2). During normal operation, a control system allows R isolation type low-voltage DC-DC converters to be in the redundancy state and the rest N-R isolation type low-voltage DC-DC converters to be in the normal state, wherein 0<R<N. When one optional isolation type low-voltage DC-DC converter inside fails, the first mechanical bypass switch (K1) on the high-voltage side of the converter is switched on, and second mechanical bypass switch (K2) on the low-voltage side of the converter is switched off. Regardless of whether the internal circuit fails or not, only N-R isolation type low-voltage DC-DC converters bear high DC voltage, and voltage input and output are not affected when some parts of the circuit is bypassed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high voltage direct current transformer and the control method thereof of a kind of high reliability in high voltage direct current (more than 10kV) power transmission and distribution field.
Background technology
High voltage direct current more than 10kV (High Voltage Direct Current, HVDC) technology is applied to power consumption equipment, transmit high-power power from remote power plant conventionally, and transmission line can be overhead transmission line or submarine cable.When traditional interchange networking blueprint is infeasible, HVDC technology also can be for connecting two independently electrical networks.General HVDC transmission system has the efficiency of lower cost and Geng Gao than AC transmission system.In the middle of AC transmission system, can be at power transmission line along the line by power transformer by backbone network electric power tap to load.But for HVDC transmission system, because power transformer cannot transmit direct current energy, when needs generally need to be set up current conversion station during to load supplying along the line.But the common capacity of current conversion station is very large, be not suitable for distribution or the load tap of direct current power.
In existing high voltage direct current transformer circuit topological project, be generally all that the input side DC capacitor of low voltage DC-DC converter is directly connected in series to high voltage direct current side.For example, US Patent No. 8345457, European patent EP 1184963 A2, Chinese patent CN 201830144 U, Chinese patent CN 102185480 A, Chinese patent CN 102522897 A etc. are to have adopted this scheme in high voltage direct current side.
The shortcoming of these existing programs is, when a certain low voltage DC-DC converter breaks down or damage, if the DC capacitor bypass of its high input voltage side can, by this capacitance short-circuit, can directly be damaged to this electric capacity; Simultaneously, because the high-pressure side DC capacitor of total N platform DC-DC converter is directly connected, if the high-pressure side DC capacitor of a DC-DC converter is bypassed, the electric capacity quantity of bearing high-voltage dc voltage can be reduced to N-1, also just say, the direct voltage that all the other electric capacity that do not break down bear can raise as original N/ (N-1), and this can affect the safe operation of DC capacitor; And because the input voltage of each low voltage DC-DC converter changes, the output voltage of whole commutator transformer also can directly be affected.Therefore, once the partial circuit wherein of the high voltage direct current transformer scheme in existing patent breaks down, will the input of whole high voltage direct current transformer, output characteristic be produced and be had a strong impact on, even cause damage, cause system out of service, be difficult to realize fault redundance and the high reliability operation of main circuit part.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome existing HVDC distribution system high voltage direct current transformer be difficult to realize the operation of main circuit fault redundance and cause the shortcoming that system reliability is low, a kind of high voltage direct current transformer and control method thereof are proposed.In the time of not only can there is damage or fault at the partial circuit of high voltage direct current distribution system inside in the present invention, itself and remaining circuit can be kept apart, and do not affect the normal operation of whole commutator transformer, also can not change the direct voltage grade of high pressure and low-pressure side, can improve high voltage direct current to low-voltage direct converter reliability of operation simultaneously.
High voltage direct current transformer of the present invention consists of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter, and N is any positive integer.Wherein, between high-pressure side first splicing ear of described isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter and the second splicing ear, be parallel with the first mechanical type by-pass switch; Between low-pressure side the 3rd splicing ear of described isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter and the 4th splicing ear, be in series with the second mechanical type by-pass switch; High-pressure side first splicing ear of First isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter and the positive pole of high voltage direct current side link together; High-pressure side second splicing ear of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter and the negative pole of high voltage direct current side link together; M platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter high-pressure side the second splicing ear and m+1 platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter high-pressure side the first splicing ear link together, 1<m<N; The low-pressure side splicing ear of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter and the positive pole of low-voltage direct side connect jointly; The low-pressure side splicing ear of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter and the negative pole of low-voltage direct side connect jointly.
High voltage direct current transformer of the present invention is characterised in that its isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter consists of mechanical type by-pass switch, semiconductor switch, capacitor, high frequency transformer and passive device; The first mechanical type by-pass switch is in parallel with the second semiconductor switch; The first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch are connected in series, and the collector electrode of the emitter of the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch is connected to the first splicing ear; The first capacitor and the second capacitor's series are connected to the first points of common connection; The 3rd semiconductor switch and the 4th semiconductor switch are connected in series, and the collector electrode of the emitter of the 3rd semiconductor switch and the 4th semiconductor switch is connected to the second points of common connection; The 3rd capacitor and the 4th capacitor's series are connected to the 4th points of common connection; The 5th semiconductor switch and the 6th semiconductor switch are connected in series, and the collector electrode of the emitter of the 5th semiconductor switch and the 6th semiconductor switch is connected to the 3rd points of common connection; The collector electrode of the positive pole of the collector electrode of the first semiconductor switch and the first capacitor, the 3rd semiconductor switch is connected to the 5th tie point; The emitter of the negative pole of the emitter of the second semiconductor switch and the second capacitor, the 4th semiconductor switch is connected to the second splicing ear; The positive pole of the collector electrode of the 5th semiconductor switch and the 3rd capacitor is connected in the 6th tie point; The negative pole of the emitter of the 6th semiconductor switch and the 4th capacitor is connected to the 4th splicing ear; One end of the second mechanical mechanical type by-pass switch is connected to the 6th tie point, and the other end of the second mechanical mechanical type by-pass switch is as the 3rd splicing ear; First, second two points of common connection are connected with the high-pressure side windings in series of the first passive device and high frequency transformer; The 3rd points of common connection is connected with the low-pressure side windings in series of the second passive device and high frequency transformer with the 4th points of common connection.
Control system to the control of high voltage direct current transformer of the present invention by high voltage direct current transformer realizes, and concrete grammar is as follows:
Described control method makes R platform in high voltage direct current transformer N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter in redundancy of effort state, and 0<R<N; Under normal circumstances, the high-pressure side first mechanical type by-pass switch of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is all in off state, and its low-pressure side second mechanical type by-pass switch is all in closure state; In any one control cycle, the high-pressure side of N-R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is connected in series to high voltage direct current side, be that on high-tension side the first semiconductor switch of isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is conducting state, and the second semiconductor switch is off state; Meanwhile, high-pressure side first semiconductor switch of remaining R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is off state, and the second semiconductor switch is conducting state, and the high-pressure side of R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is not connected in series in high voltage direct current; Because the low-pressure side of every isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is connected in parallel and inverter power can two-way flow, so the high side voltage of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter all equates, and is equal to 1/ (N-R) of high-voltage dc voltage; When damage or fault appear in the inside of any isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter, its on high-tension side first mechanical type by-pass switch is closed, and the mechanical type by-pass switch of its low-pressure side disconnects simultaneously, makes the cut-out that contacts of this module and remainder circuit; After the isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter breaking down is bypassed, in any one control cycle, still only have the high-pressure side of N-R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter to be connected in series to high voltage direct current side, can not affect the normal operation of whole high voltage direct current transformer, can not affect the rated designs value of input, output voltage yet.In addition, all mechanical type by-pass switches in commutator transformer of the present invention only need to bear low-voltage dc voltage, the difficulty of having avoided mechanical high-voltage DC switch to be difficult to physics realization.
Therefore, compare with existing high voltage direct current transformer, still normally operation while breaking down that the present invention can realize high voltage direct current transformer interior section circuit, has improved its reliability of operation, is particularly useful for high-voltage direct current power grid power transmission and distribution the field more than higher 10kV of reliability requirement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is high voltage direct current transformer circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrate the present invention.
The circuit theory diagrams of high voltage direct current transformer of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, high voltage direct current transformer of the present invention consists of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter, and N is any positive integer.Wherein, the high-pressure side first splicing ear T of described isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
1with the second splicing ear T
2between be parallel with the first mechanical type by-pass switch K
1; Low-pressure side the 3rd splicing ear T of described isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
3with the 4th splicing ear T
4between be in series with the second mechanical type by-pass switch K
2); The high-pressure side first splicing ear T of First isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
1link together with the positive pole of high voltage direct current side; The high-pressure side second splicing ear T of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
2link together with the negative pole of high voltage direct current side; M platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter high-pressure side the second splicing ear T
2with m+1 platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter high-pressure side the first splicing ear T
1link together, 1<m<N; The low-pressure side splicing ear T of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
3jointly connect with the positive pole of low-voltage direct side; The low-pressure side splicing ear T of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
4jointly connect with the negative pole of low-voltage direct side.
Isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter in high voltage direct current transformer of the present invention is by mechanical type by-pass switch K
1, K
2, semiconductor switch S
1-S
6, capacitor C
1-C
4, high frequency transformer HFT and passive device Z
1, Z
2form; The first mechanical type by-pass switch K
1with the second semiconductor switch S
2in parallel; The first semiconductor switch S1) with the second semiconductor switch S
2be connected in series, i.e. the first semiconductor switch S
1emitter and the second semiconductor switch S
2) collector electrode be connected to the first splicing ear T
1; The first capacitor C
1with the second capacitor C
2be connected in series in the first points of common connection a; The 3rd semiconductor switch S
3with the 4th semiconductor switch S
4be connected in series, i.e. the 3rd semiconductor switch S
3emitter and the 4th semiconductor switch S
4collector electrode be connected to the second points of common connection b; The 3rd capacitor C
3with the 4th capacitor C
4be connected in series, its tie point is the 4th points of common connection d; The 5th semiconductor switch S
5with the 6th semiconductor switch S
6be connected in series, i.e. the 5th semiconductor switch S
5emitter and the 6th semiconductor switch S
6collector electrode be connected to the 3rd points of common connection c; The first semiconductor switch S
1collector electrode and the first capacitor C
1positive pole, the 3rd semiconductor switch S
3collector electrode be connected to the 5th tie point P
5; The second semiconductor switch S
2emitter and the second capacitor C
2negative pole, the 4th semiconductor switch S
4emitter be connected to the second splicing ear T
2; The 5th semiconductor switch S
5collector electrode and the 3rd capacitor C
3positive pole be connected in the 6th points of common connection P
6; The 6th semiconductor switch S
6emitter and the 4th capacitor C
4negative pole be connected to the 4th splicing ear T
4the second mechanical mechanical type by-pass switch K
2one end be connected to the 6th points of common connection P
6, the second mechanical mechanical type by-pass switch K
2the other end as the 3rd splicing ear T
3; First, second two points of common connection a, b and the first passive device Z
1and the high-pressure side windings in series of high frequency transformer HFT connects; The 3rd points of common connection c and the 4th points of common connection d and the second passive device Z
2and the low-pressure side windings in series of high frequency transformer HFT connects.
The control method of high voltage direct current transformer of the present invention is as follows:
The control system of the present invention by high voltage direct current transformer controlled described high voltage direct current transformer, and making the R platform in the isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter described in N platform is redundancy of effort state, and 0<R<N; Under normal circumstances, the control system of high voltage direct current transformer makes the high-pressure side first mechanical type by-pass switch K of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
1all in off state, and its low-pressure side the second mechanical type by-pass switch K
2all in closure state; In any one control cycle, the control system of high voltage direct current transformer makes the high-pressure side of N-R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter be connected in series to high voltage direct current side, and the control system of high voltage direct current transformer makes on high-tension side the first semiconductor switch S of isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
1for conducting state, and the second semiconductor switch S
2for off state; Meanwhile, the control system of high voltage direct current transformer makes the high-pressure side first semiconductor switch S of remaining R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
1for off state, and the second semiconductor switch S
2for conducting state, even the high-pressure side of R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is not connected in series in high voltage direct current; Because the low-pressure side of every isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is connected in parallel and inverter power can two-way flow, so the high side voltage of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter all equates, and is equal to 1/ (N-R) of high-voltage dc voltage; When damage or fault appear in the inside of any isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter, the control system of high voltage direct current transformer makes its on high-tension side the first mechanical type by-pass switch K
1closure, with the mechanical type by-pass switch K of its low-pressure side in season
2disconnect, make to be damaged or isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter of fault and remainder circuit contact cut-out; After the isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter breaking down is bypassed, in any one control cycle, still only have the high-pressure side of N-R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter to be connected in series to high voltage direct current side, can not affect the normal operation of whole high voltage direct current transformer, can not affect the rated designs value of input, output voltage yet.
The high voltage direct current transformer of a 16kV/750V of take further illustrates the specific embodiment of the present invention as example: high-voltage dc voltage is 16kV, and low-voltage dc voltage is 750V, contains altogether 18 isolated form low voltage DC-DC converters, i.e. N=18; Isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter of 2 redundancies is set, i.e. R=2; The control cycle of simultaneously supposing isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is 1/10kHz=0.1ms:
(1) the high-pressure side mechanical type by-pass switch K of 18 isolated form low voltage DC-DC converters under normal circumstances,
1all in off state, and its low-pressure side mechanical type by-pass switch K
2all, in closure state, in the control cycle of any one 0.1ms, high-pressure side only has the high-pressure side capacitances in series of 16 isolated form low voltage DC-DC converters to be connected to high voltage direct current side all the time, and the voltage on each electric capacity is 16kV/16=1000V; And the high-pressure side of remaining 2 isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is due to S
2in conducting state, its capacitance voltage obtains energy by DC-DC converter from low-pressure side and supports, is also 1000V.
(2) when there is damage or fault in the inside of any isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter in 18, its on high-tension side mechanical type by-pass switch K
1closed immediately, the mechanical type by-pass switch K of its low-pressure side of while
2disconnect immediately, make to be damaged or isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter of fault and remainder circuit contact cut-out; After isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter of this fault is bypassed, the normal isolated form low voltage DC-DC of state converter still has 17, and the high-pressure side of still only having 18-2=16 platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter in any one 0.1ms control cycle has been connected in series to high voltage direct current side, therefore can not affect the normal operation of whole high voltage direct current transformer, the high-pressure side electric capacity that high-pressure side remains 16 isolated form low voltage DC-DC converters bears high-voltage dc voltage 16kV, so output voltage can not change yet.
Claims (4)
1. a high voltage direct current transformer, described high voltage direct current transformer by N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter by high-pressure side connect, low-pressure side parallel connection forms, N is any positive integer, it is characterized in that, the high-pressure side first splicing ear (T of described isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
1) and the second splicing ear (T
2) between be parallel with the first mechanical type by-pass switch (K
1); Low-pressure side the 3rd splicing ear (T of described isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
3) and the 4th splicing ear (T
4) between be in series with the second mechanical type by-pass switch (K
2); The high-pressure side first splicing ear (T of First isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
1) link together with the positive pole of high voltage direct current side; The high-pressure side second splicing ear (T of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
2) link together with the negative pole of high voltage direct current side; M platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter high-pressure side the second splicing ear (T
2) and m+1 platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter high-pressure side the first splicing ear (T
1) link together, 1<m<N; Low-pressure side splicing ear (the T of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
3) jointly connect with the positive pole of low-voltage direct side; Low-pressure side splicing ear (the T of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
4) jointly connect with the negative pole of low-voltage direct side.
2. high voltage direct current transformer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is by mechanical type by-pass switch (K
1, K
2), semiconductor switch (S
1-S
6), capacitor (C
1-C
4), high frequency transformer (HFT) and passive device (Z
1, Z
2) form; The first mechanical type by-pass switch (K
1) and the second semiconductor switch (S
2) parallel connection; The first semiconductor switch (S1) and the second semiconductor switch (S
2) be connected in series i.e. the first semiconductor switch (S
1) emitter and the second semiconductor switch (S
2) collector electrode be connected to the first splicing ear (T
1); The first capacitor (C
1) and the second capacitor (C
2) be connected in series, tie point is the first points of common connection (a); The 3rd semiconductor switch (S
3) and the 4th semiconductor switch (S
4) be connected in series i.e. the 3rd semiconductor switch (S
3) emitter and the 4th semiconductor switch (S
4) collector electrode be connected to the second points of common connection (b); The 3rd capacitor (C
3) and the 4th capacitor (C
4) be connected in series, its points of common connection is (d); The 5th semiconductor switch (S
5) and the 6th semiconductor switch (S
6) be connected in series i.e. the 5th semiconductor switch (S
5) emitter and the 6th semiconductor switch (S
6) collector electrode be connected to the 3rd points of common connection (c); The first semiconductor switch (S
1) collector electrode and the first capacitor (C
1) positive pole, the 3rd semiconductor switch (S
3) collector electrode be connected to the 5th tie point (P
5); The second semiconductor switch (S
2) emitter and the second capacitor (C
2) negative pole, the 4th semiconductor switch (S
4) emitter be connected to the second splicing ear (T
2); The 5th semiconductor switch (S
5) collector electrode and the 3rd capacitor (C
3) positive pole be connected in the 6th tie point (P
6); The 6th semiconductor switch (S
6) emitter and the 4th capacitor (C
4) negative pole be connected to the 4th splicing ear (T
4); The second mechanical mechanical type by-pass switch (K
2) one end be connected to the 6th tie point (P
6), the second mechanical mechanical type by-pass switch (K
2) the other end as the 3rd splicing ear (T
3); First, second two points of common connection (a, b) and the first passive device (Z
1) and the high-pressure side windings in series of high frequency transformer (HFT) connect; The 3rd points of common connection (c) and the 4th points of common connection (d) and the second passive device (Z
2) and the low-pressure side windings in series of high frequency transformer (HFT) connect.
3. high voltage direct current transformer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described mechanical type by-pass switch (K
1, K
2) only need to bear low-voltage dc voltage.
4. the control method of pair high voltage direct current transformer claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described control method is: in described high voltage direct current transformer, R platform in N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is redundancy of effort state, and 0<R<N; Under normal circumstances, the high-pressure side first mechanical type by-pass switch (K of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
1) all in off state, and its low-pressure side the second mechanical type by-pass switch (K
2) all in closure state; In any one control cycle, the high-pressure side of N-R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is connected in series to high voltage direct current side, i.e. on high-tension side the first semiconductor switch (S of isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
1) be conducting state, and the second semiconductor switch (S
2) be off state; Meanwhile, the high-pressure side first semiconductor switch (S of remaining R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter
1) be off state, and the second semiconductor switch (S
2) be conducting state, the high-pressure side of R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is not connected in series in high voltage direct current; Because the low-pressure side of every isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter is connected in parallel and inverter power can two-way flow, so the high side voltage of N platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter all equates, and is equal to 1/ (N-R) of high-voltage dc voltage; When there is damage or fault in the inside of any isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter, its on high-tension side first mechanical type by-pass switch (K
1) closure, simultaneously the mechanical type by-pass switch (K of its low-pressure side
2) disconnect, make to be damaged or isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter of fault and remainder circuit contact cut-out; After isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter of this fault is bypassed, in any one control cycle, still only have the high-pressure side of N-R platform isolated form low voltage DC-DC converter to be connected in series to high voltage direct current side, do not affect the normal operation of whole high voltage direct current transformer, do not affect the rated designs value of input, output voltage yet.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310659469.1A CN103633623B (en) | 2013-12-08 | 2013-12-08 | High voltage DC transformers and control method thereof |
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