CN112187054A - Direct current transformer - Google Patents
Direct current transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN112187054A CN112187054A CN202011016564.6A CN202011016564A CN112187054A CN 112187054 A CN112187054 A CN 112187054A CN 202011016564 A CN202011016564 A CN 202011016564A CN 112187054 A CN112187054 A CN 112187054A
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- voltage
- transformer
- converter
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- direct current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/285—Single converters with a plurality of output stages connected in parallel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
The invention discloses a direct current transformer, comprising: a plurality of DC/DC converters; the high-voltage sides of the DC/DC converters are connected in series, and the low-voltage sides of the DC/DC converters are connected in parallel; the DC/DC converter includes: a high-side unit, a transformer unit and a low-side unit connected in series; the high-voltage side unit of the DC/DC converter includes: half-bridge three-level topology subcells. By adopting a half-bridge three-level topological structure on the high-voltage side, under the same device voltage-withstanding condition, the input voltage of the sub-modules is 2 times of the conventional voltage, and half of the number of the sub-modules can be reduced, so that the volume and the cost of the direct-current transformer are greatly reduced, and the power density is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment manufacturing, in particular to a direct-current transformer.
Background
With the increase of domestic direct current distribution network engineering and the rapid development in the technical field of direct current distribution networks, direct current equipment is widely applied to actual direct current distribution network engineering, and direct current transformer equipment is more and more concerned as a vital device in a direct current system. In the current direct current distribution network, most engineering demonstration focuses on voltage conversion and power exchange between medium voltage and low voltage, and in the application background of high-voltage input and large-current output, all ISOP type direct current transformers are adopted, and most of submodules of the current direct current transformers adopt a two-level topological structure, and the scheme has some defects, such as: the voltage stress of the switching tube in the two-level topology is large, particularly in a high voltage application occasion, the requirement can be met only by connecting a plurality of modules in series, the probability of system failure is increased due to the large number of modules connected in series, the size is increased, the cost is increased, the stability and the reliability of the system are influenced, and the workload of system maintenance and the occupied area of the system are increased.
At present, various technical solutions exist for dc transformers. The technical scheme of patent 1 "a dc transformer and a control method thereof" includes: the submodule adopts a double-active converter and a mixed type double-active converter, a first type of double-active converter power module adopts a low-voltage side or high-voltage side energy storage capacitor voltage closed loop and phase shift control mode, a resonant type double-active bridge converter of a second type of mixed type double-active converter power module adopts a voltage output control mode of which the open loop has a 50% square wave duty ratio, and a phase shift type double-active bridge converter of the second type of power module adopts a high-voltage side energy storage capacitor voltage closed loop and phase shift control mode; the disadvantages are: the circuit topology is complex, the double-active converter is adopted as a two-level topology, the voltage level of a single module is low, and the problems of high cost and large volume are solved. Patent 2 "a DC transformer based on cascade DAB structure" technical scheme: the sub-modules of the system adopt DAB converters, the full redundancy function can be realized by the coordinated control of semiconductor switches at the input side, when any part of a certain direct current conversion sub-module in the system fails, the failed sub-module can be quickly bypassed, the full redundancy is realized, and the safe and reliable operation of the direct current transformer is ensured; the disadvantages are: the sub-modules adopt a two-level DAB topology, and the single module has low voltage level and high cost and large volume. Patent 3 technical scheme of "high voltage direct current transformer and control method thereof": the submodule adopts a voltage doubling rectifier converter, so that when partial circuits in a high-voltage direct-current power distribution system are damaged or have faults, the submodules can be isolated from other circuits, the normal work of the whole direct-current transformer is not influenced, the direct-current voltage grades of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side are not changed, and the operation reliability of the high-voltage direct-current to low-voltage direct-current converter can be improved; the disadvantages are: the sub-module rear stage adopts a voltage doubling rectifying circuit, but the front stage is a half-bridge circuit, so that the single module has low voltage level and high cost and large volume. Patent 4 technical scheme of "a multiple modularization dc transformer": the high-frequency alternating-current transformer centralized in the prior art is dispersed into a modular design of a plurality of transformers, so that the manufacturing difficulty of the high-frequency alternating-current transformer is reduced, and the voltage stress of a high-frequency isolation link is reduced; each submodule is a direct current converter, can be independently debugged and operated, and can also be combined into a high-voltage large-capacity direct current transformer in a series-parallel connection mode to operate, so that the system efficiency is effectively improved; the disadvantages are: the sub-modules adopt MMC topology, the voltage level of a single module is improved, but the required power devices are increased, and the problems of large size and high cost are still caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a direct current transformer, which adopts a half-bridge three-level topological structure on a high-voltage side, realizes that the input voltage of a submodule is 2 times of the conventional voltage under the same device voltage-resistant condition, and can reduce half of the number of the submodule, thereby greatly reducing the volume and the cost of the direct current transformer and improving the power density.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dc transformer, including: a plurality of DC/DC converters;
the high-voltage sides of the DC/DC converters are connected in series, and the low-voltage sides of the DC/DC converters are connected in parallel;
the DC/DC converter includes: a high-side unit, a transformer unit and a low-side unit connected in series;
the high-voltage side unit of the DC/DC converter includes: half-bridge three-level topology subcells.
Further, the high pressure side unit further includes: the buck-boost circuit comprises a buck-boost circuit subunit and a first resonant capacitor;
the buck-boost circuit subunit is connected with the half-bridge three-level topological structure subunit in series;
the first resonant capacitor is connected in series with the primary side output end of the transformer unit.
Further, the transformer unit includes: a high-frequency isolation transformer and an excitation inductor;
the excitation inductor is arranged on the primary side of the high-frequency isolation transformer in parallel.
Further, the low-voltage side unit comprises an H-bridge topology subunit and a bus capacitor;
and the bus capacitor is arranged at the output end of the H-bridge topology subunit in parallel.
Further, the high side unit includes a first resonant capacitor;
the low-voltage side unit comprises a second resonance capacitor;
the primary side of the high-frequency isolation transformer comprises a primary side resonant inductor, and the secondary side of the high-frequency isolation transformer comprises a secondary side resonant inductor.
Further, the high pressure side unit includes: a flying capacitor;
the half-bridge three-level topology subunit includes: a clamping diode unit;
the flying capacitor is connected in parallel with the clamping diode unit.
Further, a bypass switch is arranged at the input end of a high-voltage side unit of the DC/DC converter in parallel; and/or
And a fuse is arranged in series at the output end of the low-voltage side of the DC/DC converter.
Further, the dc transformer further includes: a plurality of redundant DC/DC converters;
the redundant DC/DC converter is the same as the DC/DC converter.
Further, the operation mode of the dc transformer includes: voltage source access mode or current source access mode.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
by adopting a half-bridge three-level topological structure on the high-voltage side, the input voltage of the sub-modules is 2 times of the conventional voltage under the same device voltage-resistant condition, and the number of the sub-modules can be reduced by half, so that the volume and the cost of the direct-current transformer are greatly reduced, and the power density is improved; in addition, by arranging a standby redundant DC/DC converter in the direct current transformer, the DC/DC converter in a fault state can be cut off when the DC/DC converter fails, and meanwhile, the standby DC/DC converter is put into use to ensure the normal operation of the direct current transformer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a dc transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a dc transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dc transformer, including: a plurality of DC/DC converters; the high-voltage sides of the DC/DC converters are connected in series, and the low-voltage sides of the DC/DC converters are connected in parallel; the DC/DC converter includes: a high-side unit, a transformer unit and a low-side unit connected in series; the high-voltage side unit of the DC/DC converter includes: half-bridge three-level topology subcells. The half-bridge three-level topological structure is adopted on the high-voltage side of the direct current transformer, so that the port voltage of the high-voltage side is improved, and under the condition that the voltage of a direct current transformer system is certain, the module voltage is improved, namely, the number of modules is reduced, the size of the direct current transformer is reduced, and the cost is reduced.
The system topology of the technical scheme is ISOP type, and the system is formed by connecting a high-voltage side port in series with a low-voltage side port in parallel through N sub-modules; the direct current transformer has the advantages of small volume and low cost, the submodule of the conventional direct current transformer adopts a two-level topological scheme, a half-bridge three-level LLC bidirectional DC/DC converter is adopted in the scheme, the voltage grade of the submodule is improved, and the number of modules required by the direct current transformer is reduced; meanwhile, the high-voltage side port of the conventional direct-current transformer adopts a centralized reactor, and the reactor is dispersed into each module by the scheme, so that the volume of the system is reduced, and the cost of the whole machine is reduced. In addition, the direct current transformer disperses the reactor into each module, thereby reducing the volume of the system and the cost of the whole machine.
The front stage of the high-voltage side of the direct-current transformer is a Buck-boost circuit subunit, the rear stage of the high-voltage side adopts a half-bridge three-level topology subunit, the low-voltage side adopts an H-bridge topology, and the middle stage adopts a high-frequency isolation transformer and an electrically symmetric bidirectional CLLLC structural design to ensure the bidirectional flow of energy; the high side half bridge tri-level is clamped by a diode and a flying capacitor. The direct current transformer has the advantages of few modules, low volume cost of equipment, high power density and high efficiency.
Specifically, the high pressure side unit further comprises: the buck-boost circuit comprises a buck-boost circuit subunit and a first resonant capacitor; the buck-boost circuit subunit is connected with the half-bridge three-level topological structure subunit in series; the first resonant capacitor is connected in series with the primary side output end of the transformer unit.
Furthermore, the input end of the high-voltage side of the DC/DC converter is also connected with a first inductor and a second inductor in series. Specifically, the first inductor and the second inductor are buck-boost inductors and have the functions of storing energy and boosting and reducing voltage.
Specifically, the transformer unit includes: a high-frequency isolation transformer and an excitation inductor; the excitation inductor is arranged on the primary side of the high-frequency isolation transformer in parallel.
Specifically, the low-voltage side unit comprises an H-bridge topology subunit and a bus capacitor; and the bus capacitor is arranged at the output end of the H-bridge topology subunit in parallel.
Further, the high side unit includes a first resonance capacitor; the low-voltage side unit comprises a second resonance capacitor; the primary side of the high-frequency isolation transformer comprises a primary side resonant inductor, and the secondary side of the high-frequency isolation transformer comprises a secondary side resonant inductor.
Further, the high side unit includes: a flying capacitor; the half-bridge three-level topology subunit includes: a clamping diode unit; the flying capacitor is connected in parallel with the clamping diode unit.
Specifically, the high-voltage side unit is composed of power devices (SZ1-SZ4, S1-S4), a first inductor LBB1, a second inductor LBB2, bus capacitors (Cd1, Cd2), clamping diodes (Dd1, Dd2), a flying capacitor (Crss) and a first resonant capacitor (Cr 1); the low-voltage side module is composed of power devices (S5-S8), a bus capacitor (Co) and a second resonant capacitor (Cr 2); the high-frequency isolation transformer integrates primary and secondary side resonance inductors (Lr1 and Lr2) and an excitation inductor (Lm).
In addition, the power devices (SZ1-SZ4, S1-S8) of each DC/DC converter adopt MOSFETs or IGBTs, and SiC or Si is adopted as a material.
The energy of the direct current transformer can flow in two directions and has an isolation function.
Furthermore, the input end of a high-voltage side unit of the DC/DC converter is connected with a bypass switch in parallel; and/or a fuse is arranged in series at the output end of the low-voltage side of the DC/DC converter.
In one implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the dc transformer further includes: a plurality of redundant DC/DC converters; the redundant DC/DC converter is the same as the DC/DC converter.
Optionally, the N DC/DC converters include M spare redundant DC/DC converters. Under the normal operation working condition, the bypass switches of the N DC/DC converters are in an off state, if one module fails, the bypass switch is closed, and the failed module is disconnected with the other normal operation modules; the low-voltage side port adopts a parallel connection mode, and is in a locking state when a fault occurs, so that the normal work of the direct-current transformer is not influenced. At the moment, the bypass switches of the N-1 DC/DC converters are in an off state; and if the module has faults, the bypass switches of the N-2 DC/DC converters are in an off state, and so on, at most M modules have faults, and the bypass switches of the N-M DC/DC converters are in an off state.
In addition, if an overcurrent fault occurs on the low-voltage side of one DC/DC converter, the fuse on the low-voltage side is fused, and the fracture on the low-voltage side is disconnected with the rest normal operation modules; when short circuit fault occurs on the low-voltage side, the bypass switch of the high-voltage side port is closed, the fault module is disconnected with the rest operation modules, and normal work of the direct-current transformer is not influenced.
In addition, the operation modes of the direct current transformer include: voltage source access mode or current source access mode.
In addition, the technical scheme also has the advantages of high efficiency and high reliability. The number of modules of the direct-current transformer is reduced, loss components such as related matched switching power supplies and control boards are reduced, the total loss of the system is reduced, and the efficiency of the whole system is improved; the direct-current transformer has a redundancy function, if one module fails, only a bypass switch of the module needs to be closed, and the fault shutdown cannot be caused; and the low-voltage side port of each submodule is provided with a fuse, if the port has an overcurrent fault, the submodule is actively disconnected with the low-voltage side direct-current bus, and the high-voltage side is closed through a bypass switch.
An embodiment of the present invention is directed to a dc transformer, including: a plurality of DC/DC converters; the high-voltage sides of the DC/DC converters are connected in series, and the low-voltage sides of the DC/DC converters are connected in parallel; the DC/DC converter includes: a high-side unit, a transformer unit and a low-side unit connected in series; the high-voltage side unit of the DC/DC converter includes: half-bridge three-level topology subcells. The technical scheme has the following effects:
by adopting a half-bridge three-level topological structure on the high-voltage side, under the condition of the same device voltage resistance, the input voltage of the sub-modules is 2 times of the conventional voltage, the number of the sub-modules can be reduced by half, loss components such as a related matched switching power supply and a control board card are reduced, the total loss of the system is reduced, the efficiency of the whole system is improved, the size and the cost of the direct-current transformer are greatly reduced, and the power density is improved; in addition, by arranging a standby redundant DC/DC converter in the direct current transformer, the DC/DC converter in a fault state can be cut off when the DC/DC converter fails, and meanwhile, the standby DC/DC converter is put into use to ensure the normal operation of the direct current transformer.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.
Claims (9)
1. A direct current transformer, comprising: a plurality of DC/DC converters;
the high-voltage sides of the DC/DC converters are connected in series, and the low-voltage sides of the DC/DC converters are connected in parallel;
the DC/DC converter includes: a high-side unit, a transformer unit and a low-side unit connected in series;
the high-voltage side unit of the DC/DC converter includes: half-bridge three-level topology subcells.
2. The DC transformer according to claim 1,
the high pressure side unit further comprises: the buck-boost circuit comprises a buck-boost circuit subunit and a first resonant capacitor;
the buck-boost circuit subunit is connected with the half-bridge three-level topological structure subunit in series;
the first resonant capacitor is connected in series with the primary side output end of the transformer unit.
3. The DC transformer according to claim 1,
the transformer unit includes: a high-frequency isolation transformer and an excitation inductor;
the excitation inductor is arranged on the primary side of the high-frequency isolation transformer in parallel.
4. The DC transformer according to claim 1,
the low-voltage side unit comprises an H-bridge topology subunit and a bus capacitor;
and the bus capacitor is arranged at the output end of the H-bridge topology subunit in parallel.
5. The DC transformer according to claim 1,
the high-voltage side unit comprises a first resonance capacitor;
the low-voltage side unit comprises a second resonance capacitor;
the primary side of the high-frequency isolation transformer comprises a primary side resonant inductor, and the secondary side of the high-frequency isolation transformer comprises a secondary side resonant inductor.
6. The DC transformer according to claim 1,
the high pressure side unit includes: a flying capacitor;
the half-bridge three-level topology subunit includes: a clamping diode unit;
the flying capacitor is connected in parallel with the clamping diode unit.
7. The DC transformer according to claim 1,
the input end of a high-voltage side unit of the DC/DC converter is connected with a bypass switch in parallel; and/or
And a fuse is arranged in series at the output end of the low-voltage side of the DC/DC converter.
8. The direct current transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising: a plurality of redundant DC/DC converters;
the redundant DC/DC converter is the same as the DC/DC converter.
9. The direct current transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
the working modes of the direct current transformer comprise: voltage source access mode or current source access mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011016564.6A CN112187054A (en) | 2020-09-24 | 2020-09-24 | Direct current transformer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011016564.6A CN112187054A (en) | 2020-09-24 | 2020-09-24 | Direct current transformer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112187054A true CN112187054A (en) | 2021-01-05 |
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| CN202011016564.6A Pending CN112187054A (en) | 2020-09-24 | 2020-09-24 | Direct current transformer |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113381607A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Low-cost high-efficiency high-transformation-ratio DC/DC converter |
| CN115995965A (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-04-21 | 浙江大学杭州国际科创中心 | Modularized wide-input wide-output voltage range DC-DC converter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103633623A (en) * | 2013-12-08 | 2014-03-12 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | High-voltage direct-current (DC) transformer and control method thereof |
| CN108879906A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-23 | 北卡罗莱纳州立大学 | Modularized medium-voltage quick charger |
| CN210881738U (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2020-06-30 | 西安许继电力电子技术有限公司 | High-power bidirectional charger |
| CN111697837A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-09-22 | 西安许继电力电子技术有限公司 | Direct-current transformer topology based on three-level CLLLC resonant converter and control method |
-
2020
- 2020-09-24 CN CN202011016564.6A patent/CN112187054A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103633623A (en) * | 2013-12-08 | 2014-03-12 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | High-voltage direct-current (DC) transformer and control method thereof |
| CN108879906A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-23 | 北卡罗莱纳州立大学 | Modularized medium-voltage quick charger |
| CN210881738U (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2020-06-30 | 西安许继电力电子技术有限公司 | High-power bidirectional charger |
| CN111697837A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-09-22 | 西安许继电力电子技术有限公司 | Direct-current transformer topology based on three-level CLLLC resonant converter and control method |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113381607A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Low-cost high-efficiency high-transformation-ratio DC/DC converter |
| CN113381607B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2022-09-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Low-cost high-efficiency high-transformation-ratio DC/DC converter |
| CN115995965A (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-04-21 | 浙江大学杭州国际科创中心 | Modularized wide-input wide-output voltage range DC-DC converter |
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