CN104993716A - Modular multilevel converter and hybrid double-unit sub-module - Google Patents
Modular multilevel converter and hybrid double-unit sub-module Download PDFInfo
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention relates to a modular multilevel converter and a hybrid double-unit sub-module. The modular multilevel converter comprises six bridge arms in three phases; n sub-modules are cascaded together so as to form each bridge arm, wherein at least one sub-module is a hybrid double-unit sub-module; the hybrid double-unit sub-module includes four power modules T1, T2, T3 and T4 and two capacitors C1 and C2; the anode of T1 is connected with the anode of T4; the cathode of T2 is connected with the cathode of T3; the cathode of T1 connected with the anode of T2; the cathode of the T4 is connected with the anode of T3 through the capacitor C2; the capacitor C1 is connected between the joint point of T1 and T4 and the joint point of T2 and T3; the joint point of T1 and T2 is one port of the hybrid double-unit sub-module; and the joint point of T2 and T4 is the other port of the hybrid double-unit sub-module. The hybrid double-unit sub-module can simultaneously replace two half-bridge sub-modules, and has negative voltage characteristics of a full-bridge sub-module. With the hybrid double-unit sub-module adopted, the utilization rate of direct voltage can be improved, and the capacity of a system can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of modularization multi-level converter and a kind of mixing Shuangzi module, belong to Power System Flexible direct current transmission and distribution, power electronics and custom power technology field.
Background technology
Modularization multi-level converter (MMC) has successfully been applied in power current inverter, is mainly applied in high voltage direct current (HVDC) field of power transmission.With tradition two, three-level voltage source converter high voltage direct current transmission (Voltage Source Converter based HVDC, VSC-HVDC) Comparatively speaking, modularization multi-level converter high voltage direct current transmission (MMC-HVDC) has plurality of advantages: AC and DC side can control completely, DC bus is without the need to installing capacitor, power electronic equipment has redundancy running ability after a failure, without the need to installing alternating current filter etc.Due to the particular advantages of MMC, MMC-HVDC has become the development trend in following HVDC field.
Direct-current short circuit fault is the most common a kind of fault of MMC-HVDC system, MMC converter based on semibridge system submodule cannot cut off the energy regenerative loop of AC system to direct-current short circuit point by locking submodule IGBT when DC bipolar short trouble, must faster trip AC circuit breaker or direct-current isolating switch to remove fault current, this not only adds system cost, improve the technical requirement to equipment, also reduce system operational percentage, slowed down fault recovery speed simultaneously.
Current engineering adopt mostly the direct current cables laying-out that manufacture difficulty is large, cost is high to reduce DC Line Fault incidence, but can not from the basic semibridge system MMC converter that solves to the handling failure problem of DC Line Fault.Given this, become a kind of most economical effective method by converter self control realization fault current self-cleaning, also making to find the converter topology with DC Line Fault ride-through capability becomes research tendency.
Have the MMC submodule topology of wearing DC Line Fault ride-through capability at present and have full-bridge submodule, clamper Shuangzi module etc., as shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1-1 is half-bridge submodule, and Fig. 1-2 is full-bridge submodule, and Fig. 1-3 is clamper Shuangzi module.Wherein, full-bridge submodular MMC is except DC Line Fault ride-through capability, and also factor module negative voltage characteristic can improve direct voltage utilance, thus capacity; Clamper Shuangzi modular MMC then has the device count less compared with full-bridge submodule, and economy is higher, but submodule does not possess the ability of capacity.Such as, the Chinese patent application that application number is 201410558336, denomination of invention is " the mixing submodular MMC converter possessing DC Line Fault ride-through capability " discloses a kind of MMC converter, comprise three-phase totally 6 brachium pontis, each brachium pontis is by m semibridge system submodule, and n full-bridge type submodule and 1 clamper Shuangzi module-cascade are formed.But because existing three seed module all have certain limitation or perhaps defect, so, be necessary very much to propose a kind of MMC converter comprising novel MMC submodule, MMC converter is had concurrently, and device is few, capacity is high passes through the advantages such as function with DC Line Fault.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of modularization multi-level converter, in order to solve defect that existing MMC converter has due to submodule and can not have that device is few, the high problem of passing through the advantages such as function with DC Line Fault of capacity concurrently simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the solution of the present invention comprises a kind of modularization multi-level converter, comprise 3 phases, every by upper, lower two brachium pontis composition, each brachium pontis is made up of n sub module cascade, in submodule in described modularization multi-level converter, at least one submodule is mixing Shuangzi module, described mixing Shuangzi module comprises 4 power model: T1, T2, T3, T4 and 2 electric capacity: C1, C2, the anode of described T1 connects the anode of described T4, the negative electrode of described T2 connects the negative electrode of T3, the negative electrode of described T1 connects the anode of described T2, the negative electrode of described T4 connects the anode of described T3 by described electric capacity C2, described electric capacity C1 is connected between the tie point of described T1 and T4 and the tie point of described T2 and T3, the tie point of described T1 and T2 is a port of described mixing Shuangzi module, the tie point of described C2 and T4 is another port of described mixing Shuangzi module.
Described power model is IGBT module, and the anode of described power model is the collector electrode of IGBT module, and the negative electrode of described power model is the emitter of IGBT module.
Each described power model equal reverse parallel connection diode.
A kind of mixing Shuangzi module, described mixing Shuangzi module comprises 4 power model: T1, T2, T3, T4 and 2 electric capacity: C1, C2, the anode of described T1 connects the anode of described T4, the negative electrode of described T2 connects the negative electrode of T3, the negative electrode of described T1 connects the anode of described T2, the negative electrode of described T4 connects the anode of described T3 by described electric capacity C2, described electric capacity C1 is connected between the tie point of described T1 and T4 and the tie point of described T2 and T3, the tie point of described T1 and T2 is a port of described mixing Shuangzi module, the tie point of described C2 and T4 is another port of described mixing Shuangzi module.
Described power model is IGBT module, and the anode of described power model is the collector electrode of IGBT module, and the negative electrode of described power model is the emitter of IGBT module.
Each described power model equal reverse parallel connection diode.
Novel mixing Shuangzi module provided by the invention is made up of 4 power models and 2 module capacitance, this mixing Shuangzi module has two kinds of mode of operations: normal operation mode and non-blocking mode, in the normal operating mode, this mixing Shuangzi module can export 4 kinds of voltages, is respectively twice capacitance voltage, capacitance voltage, no-voltage and negative sense capacitance voltage.Because this mixing Shuangzi module can export the capacitance voltage of twice, so a mixing Shuangzi module is equivalent to two half-bridge submodules, it can substitute two half-bridge submodules simultaneously.And because this mixing Shuangzi module can export the voltage of negative sense, it possesses the negative voltage characteristic of full-bridge submodule, so this mixing Shuangzi module can improve direct voltage utilance, the capacity of elevator system.
Mixing Shuangzi module can achieve full-bridge submodule simultaneously and the whole of half-bridge submodule can, but, this mixing Shuangzi module only comprises 4 power models and 2 module capacitance, and a full-bridge submodule add with the components and parts in a half-bridge submodule together be 6 power models and 2 module capacitance, so, mixing Shuangzi module achieves identical function with less device, has saved cost.
So the MMC based on this mixing Shuangzi module has that device is few, capacity is high passes through the advantages such as function with DC Line Fault concurrently.
Two capacitors of mixing Shuangzi inside modules can these two capacitance voltages of reasonable disposition be different value as required.Under which, effectively can expand the range of application of MMC, such as, two capacitance voltages in reasonable disposition submodule are to realize possessing STATCOM operation troubles ride-through capability while this MMC improves modulation degree.
Be exactly in addition, submodule in MMC can be all mixing Shuangzi module provided by the invention, can also be following situation: the brachium pontis in MMC is by mixing Shuangzi module and other one or several existing sub module cascade is formed, and so, this MMC is hybrid MMC converter.This hybrid MMC converter has a wide range of applications when in the light of actual conditions expanding, while improving modulation degree, possess STATCOM operation troubles ride-through capability, saving system hardware cost etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1-1 is the structure chart of existing half-bridge MMC submodule;
Fig. 1-2 is the structure chart of existing full-bridge MMC submodule;
Fig. 1-3 is structure charts of existing clamper Shuangzi module;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the MMC of mixing Shuangzi module provided by the invention and composition thereof;
Fig. 3 is the approximate formation connection layout of mixing Shuangzi module;
Fig. 4-1 is the first working state schematic representation under mixing submodule normal mode of operation;
Fig. 4-2 is the second working state schematic representations under mixing submodule normal mode of operation;
Fig. 4-3 is the third working state schematic representations under mixing submodule normal mode of operation;
Fig. 4-4 is the 4th kind of working state schematic representations under mixing submodule normal mode of operation;
Fig. 5-1 is the wherein a kind of working state schematic representation under mixing submodule non-blocking mode;
Fig. 5-2 is the another kind of working state schematic representations under mixing submodule non-blocking mode;
Locking principle figure when Fig. 6 is converter DC Line Fault.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Modularization multi-level converter embodiment
Modularization multi-level converter as shown in Figure 2, comprise 3 phases, every by upper, lower two brachium pontis composition, each brachium pontis is made up of n sub module cascade, in submodule in this modularization multi-level converter, at least one submodule is mixing Shuangzi module, this mixing Shuangzi module comprises 4 IGBT module: T1, T2, T3, T4 and 2 electric capacity: C1, C2, the collector electrode of T1 connects the collector electrode of T4, the emitter of T2 connects the emitter of T3, the emitter of T1 connects the collector electrode of T2, the emitter of T4 connects the collector electrode of T3 by electric capacity C2, electric capacity C1 is connected between the tie point of T1 and T4 and the tie point of T2 and T3, the tie point of T1 and T2 is a port of this mixing Shuangzi module, the tie point of C2 and T4 is another port of this mixing Shuangzi module.IGBT (T1, T2, T3, T4) all in mixing Shuangzi module is inverse parallel fly-wheel diode all, and the base stage of T1, T2, T3, T4 accepts the control signal that external equipment provides respectively.
As shown in Figure 3, this mixing Shuangzi module can be similar to be thought and to be combined by two half-bridge submodules, the positive port (i.e. two IGBT tie points) of second half-bridge submodule is broken as two ports (upper pipe port and lower pipe port), the two ends (namely go up the negative terminal that pipe port is connected to electric capacity C1, lower pipe port is connected to the anode of electric capacity C1) of the electric capacity C1 of interconnection in first half-bridge submodule.
Mixing Shuangzi module has two kinds of mode of operations, normal operation mode and non-blocking mode.In the normal operating mode, can only have at most an IGBT conducting between T1 and T2, in order to prevent electric capacity C1 short circuit, T1 and T2 all can not simultaneously conducting; An IGBT conducting can only be had at most between T3 and T4.
Mixing Shuangzi module in the normal mode of operation, there are 4 kinds of operating states, 4 kinds of running statuses under normal operation mode are as shown in Fig. 4-1 to 4-4, (1) be the current direction when T1, T3 conducting, (2) be the current direction when T1, T4 conducting, (3) be the current direction when T2, T3 conducting, (4) are the current direction when T2, T4 conducting.As shown in table 1, when T1, T3 conducting, port output voltage be two capacitance voltages and; When T1, T4 conducting, port output voltage is zero; When T2, T3 conducting, port output voltage is electric capacity C2 voltage; When T2, T4 conducting, port output voltage is the reverse voltage of electric capacity C1, is output negative voltage.The sense of current does not affect port output voltage.In table 1, Usm represents submodule port output voltage.
Table 1
From the normal mode of operation of mixing Shuangzi module, this submodule can export 4 kinds of voltages, is respectively twice capacitance voltage, capacitance voltage, no-voltage and negative sense capacitance voltage.While illustrating that this submodule can replace 2 half-bridge submodules to export 2 times of capacitance voltages, possess the negative voltage characteristic of full-bridge submodule, direct voltage utilance can be improved, capacity.
Mixing Shuangzi module is under non-blocking mode, and have 2 kinds of operating states, 2 kinds of running statuses under non-blocking mode are as shown in Fig. 5-1 and 5-2.In the lockout condition, all IGBT are all in off state.When flowing through forward current (sense of current is by A to B), port output voltage be two capacitance voltages and; When flowing through negative current, port output voltage is the negative voltage of electric capacity C1, namely reverse with electric current voltage.
This MMC carries out the mode that DC Line Fault passes through and comprises two kinds: converter blocking carries out carrying out fault traversing under fault traversing and converter STATCOM run.
Converter blocking fault traversing: after systems axiol-ogy occurs to DC Line Fault, locking converter valve immediately, now in brachium pontis, mixing Shuangzi module can export the electromotive force reverse with fault current at port, forces fault current to decline rapidly, thus realize DC Line Fault ride-through capability, as shown in Figure 6.
For completing converter blocking fault traversing, the back electromotive force 2NU that module capacitance provides
c1need to be greater than valve side line voltage peak, fault current just can be forced to decline rapidly, namely
wherein, N be mixing Shuangzi module number (if the module of back electromotive force can be provided in brachium pontis containing other, then N be such number of modules with), U
c1for the blocking voltage under mixing Shuangzi module negative current, U
mfor converter valve side phase voltage peak value.
Converter STATCOM operation troubles is passed through: converter does not need locking, only need utilize the negative voltage output characteristic of mixing Shuangzi module, the total output voltage of submodule of upper and lower for homophase brachium pontis etc. is oppositely large, be zero by DC voltage control, alternating voltage is this phase valve side instantaneous voltage value required when running of STATCOM.Basic control mode with normally run substantially identical.
Pass through for completing STATCOM operation troubles, the reverse voltage that in brachium pontis, submodule exports should be able to provide converter valve side phase voltage peak value, i.e. system demand fulfillment NU
c1>=U
m.
Below provide the situation that 4 kinds of STATCOM operation troubless are passed through.
1, system does not need to improve direct voltage utilance, but needs STATCOM operation troubles to pass through.
In this kind of situation, this system requirements can be realized by the MMC topology of the equal mixing Shuangzi module composition of internal capacitance voltage.In MMC topology, each brachium pontis is by N number of mixing Shuangzi module composition, and module capacitance voltage is Uc.
System does not need to improve direct voltage utilance, and system modulation degree can consider (when modulation degree is less than 1, system all can meet the demands) by 1.Under this operating mode, modulation degree
when not needing ovennodulation, bridge arm voltage can be designed to direct voltage, just can maintain system worked well, then AC voltage is the half of bridge arm voltage.That is: U
dc=U
bridge=2NU
cand U
m=U
bridge/ 2=NU
c.
Because in module, capacitance voltage is identical, therefore mixing Shuangzi module MMC system be able to meet NU
c1=NU
c=U
m, the reverse voltage that in brachium pontis, submodule exports can provide converter valve side phase voltage peak value, namely can complete STATCOM operation troubles and pass through.
2, system needs to improve direct voltage utilance, and system modulation degree is 2, and needs STATCOM operation troubles to pass through.
Due to the raising of system modulation, the system in the first situation above-mentioned can not meet the demands.Therefore system can be improved, as the magnitude of voltage of electric capacity C1 in submodule is set to 2 times of electric capacity C2 voltage, i.e. 2NU
c2=NU
c1.
System modulation degree
i.e. U
dc=U
m.Now, brachium pontis rated voltage needs to reach 1.5U
m, 1.5U could be respectively with upper and lower bridge arm
mwith-0.5U
mconfiguration realize ovennodulation operating mode run.Now, arrange by single brachium pontis N number of mixing Shuangzi module, then U
bridge=N (U
c1+ U
c2)=3NU
c2.
Pass through for completing STATCOM operation troubles, the reverse voltage that in brachium pontis, submodule exports can provide converter valve side phase voltage peak value, and namely system meets NU
c1>=U
mrequirement.
3, system needs to improve direct voltage utilance, and system modulation degree is 2, and needs STATCOM operation troubles to pass through.
In this case, the hybrid MMC system completion system requirement containing mixing Shuangzi module can be utilized.Mixing Shuangzi module is not only comprised in this MMC system, but also comprise other existing submodules, the full-bridge submodule of series connection equal number (each N number of) in the such as each brachium pontis of this system and mixing Shuangzi module, mixing Shuangzi inside modules capacitance voltage is identical, and (i.e. U identical with full-bridge submodule capacitor voltage
c).
System modulation degree
i.e. U
dc=U
m.Now, brachium pontis rated voltage needs to reach 1.5U
m, 1.5U could be respectively with upper and lower bridge arm
mwith-0.5U
mconfiguration realize ovennodulation operating mode run.Now, U
bridge=N (2U
c+ U
c)=3NU
c.
Pass through for completing STATCOM operation troubles, the reverse voltage that in brachium pontis, submodule exports is 2NU
c(comprise each NU of reverse voltage of full-bridge submodule and the output of mixing Shuangzi module
c), be enough to provide converter valve side phase voltage peak value.
4, system does not need to improve direct voltage utilance, and only needs closedown mode to complete DC Line Fault to pass through.But need to reduce main loop hardware cost as far as possible.
Because system functional requirement is lower, the hybrid MMC system containing mixing Shuangzi module and half-bridge submodule can be utilized to save major loop hardware cost.
Series connection N1 mixing Shuangzi module and N2 half-bridge submodule in each brachium pontis of this system, mixing Shuangzi inside modules capacitance voltage is identical, and identical with half-bridge submodule capacitor voltage.
System does not need to improve direct voltage utilance, and system modulation degree can consider (when modulation degree is less than 1, system all can meet the demands) by 1.Under this operating mode, modulation degree
when not needing ovennodulation, bridge arm voltage can be designed to direct voltage, just can maintain system worked well, then AC voltage is the half of bridge arm voltage.That is: U
dc=U
bridge=(2N
1+ N
2) U
cand U
m=U
bridge/ 2=(2N
1+ N
2) U
c/ 2.
For completing converter blocking fault traversing, the back electromotive force demand fulfillment that module capacitance provides
Therefore, in this system, the mixing Shuangzi module of single brachium pontis and half-bridge submodule number are assigned as:
In above-described embodiment, power model is IGBT, and as other embodiment, power model can also be other wholly-controled device.
Mixing Shuangzi module embodiments
Mixing Shuangzi module is described later in detail in the above-described embodiments, does not repeat here.
Be presented above concrete execution mode, but the present invention is not limited to described execution mode.Basic ideas of the present invention are above-mentioned basic scheme, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to instruction of the present invention, designing the model of various distortion, formula, parameter does not need to spend creative work.The change carried out execution mode without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, amendment, replacement and modification still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a modularization multi-level converter, comprise 3 phases, every by upper, lower two brachium pontis composition, each brachium pontis is made up of n sub module cascade, it is characterized in that, in submodule in described modularization multi-level converter, at least one submodule is mixing Shuangzi module, described mixing Shuangzi module comprises 4 power model: T1, T2, T3, T4 and 2 electric capacity: C1, C2, the anode of described T1 connects the anode of described T4, the negative electrode of described T2 connects the negative electrode of T3, the negative electrode of described T1 connects the anode of described T2, the negative electrode of described T4 connects the anode of described T3 by described electric capacity C2, described electric capacity C1 is connected between the tie point of described T1 and T4 and the tie point of described T2 and T3, the tie point of described T1 and T2 is a port of described mixing Shuangzi module, the tie point of described C2 and T4 is another port of described mixing Shuangzi module.
2. modularization multi-level converter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described power model is IGBT module, and the anode of described power model is the collector electrode of IGBT module, and the negative electrode of described power model is the emitter of IGBT module.
3. modularization multi-level converter according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, each described power model equal reverse parallel connection diode.
4. a mixing Shuangzi module, it is characterized in that, described mixing Shuangzi module comprises 4 power model: T1, T2, T3, T4 and 2 electric capacity: C1, C2, the anode of described T1 connects the anode of described T4, the negative electrode of described T2 connects the negative electrode of T3, the negative electrode of described T1 connects the anode of described T2, the negative electrode of described T4 connects the anode of described T3 by described electric capacity C2, described electric capacity C1 is connected between the tie point of described T1 and T4 and the tie point of described T2 and T3, the tie point of described T1 and T2 is a port of described mixing Shuangzi module, the tie point of described C2 and T4 is another port of described mixing Shuangzi module.
5. mixing Shuangzi module according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described power model is IGBT module, and the anode of described power model is the collector electrode of IGBT module, and the negative electrode of described power model is the emitter of IGBT module.
6. the mixing Shuangzi module according to claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that, each described power model equal reverse parallel connection diode.
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| CN106411166A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-02-15 | 北京四方继保自动化股份有限公司 | Modular multi-level converter hybrid bridge arm topology structure |
| CN106849696A (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2017-06-13 | 许继集团有限公司 | One kind mixing Shuangzi module MMC pressure equalizing control methods and device |
| CN106877718A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-06-20 | 上海交通大学 | The asymmetric Shuangzi module midpoint potential balance control method of modularization multi-level converter |
| CN106998151A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-01 | 上海交通大学 | Multilevel converter based on asymmetric Shuangzi module and half-bridge submodule |
| CN108418454A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-08-17 | 武汉大学 | Modular multilevel converter and its multiple cross submodule |
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| CN105978375A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-09-28 | 浙江大学 | Cross-connected sub-module suitable for long-distance and large-capacity overhead line power transmission and MMC control method of cross-connected sub-module |
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| CN106849696A (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2017-06-13 | 许继集团有限公司 | One kind mixing Shuangzi module MMC pressure equalizing control methods and device |
| CN106849696B (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2019-02-01 | 许继集团有限公司 | A kind of mixing Shuangzi module MMC pressure equalizing control method and device |
| CN106877718A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-06-20 | 上海交通大学 | The asymmetric Shuangzi module midpoint potential balance control method of modularization multi-level converter |
| CN106998151A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-01 | 上海交通大学 | Multilevel converter based on asymmetric Shuangzi module and half-bridge submodule |
| CN108418454A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-08-17 | 武汉大学 | Modular multilevel converter and its multiple cross submodule |
| CN108418454B (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2019-12-24 | 武汉大学 | Modular multilevel converter and multiple cross sub-module thereof |
| CN111756265A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-09 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Half-level MMC topological structure and modulation method thereof |
| CN111756265B (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2023-09-01 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Half-level MMC topological structure and modulation method thereof |
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