CN103630943A - Method and system for detecting thickness of lunar soil and subsurface geological structure of moon - Google Patents
Method and system for detecting thickness of lunar soil and subsurface geological structure of moon Download PDFInfo
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- CN103630943A CN103630943A CN201310050128.4A CN201310050128A CN103630943A CN 103630943 A CN103630943 A CN 103630943A CN 201310050128 A CN201310050128 A CN 201310050128A CN 103630943 A CN103630943 A CN 103630943A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/0209—Systems with very large relative bandwidth, i.e. larger than 10 %, e.g. baseband, pulse, carrier-free, ultrawideband
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/87—Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/885—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for ground probing
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and system for detecting the thickness of lunar soil and the subsurface geological structure of the moon via an ultra-wide-band carrier-free pulse radar. A radar system includes two detection channels, wherein the first channel work at an HF/VHF waveband in a one-transmission-one-reception mode, and is used for detecting the geological structure of rocks at the subsurface of the moon; and the second channel works at a UHF waveband in a one-transmission-two-reception mode, and can accurately detect the thickness of the lunar soil layer. The ultra-wide-band carrier-free pulse radar is mounted on a moon rover and moves with the moon rover, and the two detection channels work alternatively, and respectively radiate and receive ultra-wide-band carrier-free pulses to complete detection for the thickness distribution of the lunar soil and the geologic structure of the rocks at the subsurface of the moon. Detected data is transmitted back to the earth, and the geologic structure of the rocks at the subsurface of the moon and the structure of the lunar soil layer are drawn on a display screen after processes as data filter and amplification.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geology of Moon structure Detection Techniques field, particularly a kind of method and system of utilizing ultra broadband carrierfree pulsed radar to survey lunar soil thickness and the moon time surficial geology structure.
Background technology
At present, the mankind also know little about it to information such as the tectonic structure in lunar interior and lunar soil thickness distribution.In the 1～2km depth range of moon some areas, known geologic structure information is mainly derived from the result of detection of U.S. Apollo plan.1973, Apollo-17 Spaceship Carrying a set of multiband penetrate detection radar, be ALSE lunar radar (Apollo Lunar Sounder Experiment), ALSE radar has carried out the accumulative total detection in-orbit of 13 hours to moon some areas, detects the geologic structure data in 1～2km depth range.But owing to being subject to the restriction of electronic technology development level at that time, there is many defects in the result of detection of this radar, be mainly manifested in poor signal quality, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) low, there is no aspects such as phase information, depth resolution is low, detection time is short.For example, the depth resolution of radar is about 150 meters, can not provide the thickness distribution information of lunar soil.In addition, because radar data is recorded on optical film, need the equipment of the special development of NASA just can read, cause the subsequent treatment work of detection data extremely difficult.Up to now, the U.S. only discloses the result of detection of ALSE radar to some areas, moon shadow region.From disclosed data, although this radar is poor to the resolution characteristic of the composition of lunar crust geological stratification and bed thickness thereof, the result of detection of ALSE radar still provides some very important information for the mankind are familiar with the moon better.
Japan starts the lunar exploration airship of development in the nineties, Luna's number (SELENE) airship, has carried LRS lunar exploration radar (Lunar Radar Sounder), for realizing geologic structure detection in 4-5 km depth range under lunar surface.SELENE-LRS radar works in 4～6MHz frequency range, chirp pulse signal, and pulse width is 200us, transponder pulse power 800W, power consumption and weight are respectively 50W and 24kg, and antenna adopts dipole form.The main application of SELENE-LRS is: (1) is realized 1-5km lunar crust geologic structure under lunar surface and surveyed; (2) measure the cosmic noise under lunar environment.SELENE lunar excursion module launched on September 14th, 2007, orbit altitude 100km, and on November 20th, 2007, LRS radar was started working.LRS radar system has provided hundreds of rice to the lunar crust geologic structure in km order magnitude range under lunar surface and has distributed, but the resolution of geological stratification is poor.
Visible, to have surveyed for the moon time surface structure at present radar system, is all arranged on the orbit detector of moon outer space, is subject to the restriction of installation space and Detection Techniques, and result of detection resolution is lower.In order to improve the degree of depth and the resolution of surveying lunar soil thickness and the moon time surface structure, need development can carry out at moonscape the radar system of detection in place on the spot, require radar to there is higher investigation depth and resolution index, and can survey the hierarchy of lunar soil and the rock texture on the moon time top layer simultaneously, for research lunar geology, mineralogy, lunar formation and evolution history provide science data.
Summary of the invention
For lunar soil thickness and the moon time surficial geology structure is accurately surveyed on the spot, the invention provides a kind of utilization and be arranged on ultra broadband carrierfree pulsed radar on lunar rover and realize the method and system that lunar soil thickness and the moon time surficial geology structure are surveyed.
In order to realize described object, according to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of system of utilizing ultra broadband carrierfree pulsed radar to survey lunar soil thickness and the moon time surficial geology structure is provided, this system comprises: controller, first passage pulse signal transmitter, first passage receiver, second channel pulse signal transmitter, second channel receiver and overpay ultra-wideband antenna, wherein:
Described controller, for clock signal and start pulse signal, to control described first passage pulse signal transmitter, described second channel pulse signal transmitter, described first passage receiver, described second channel receiver, carry out respectively the transmitting of ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal and the reception of reflected impulse signal, and provide power supply for described transmitter and receiver;
Described first passage pulse signal transmitter is connected with first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna with described controller, for export HF/VHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal under the control of described controller, and by described first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna, described HF/VHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal is radiated in the moon time top layer;
Described first passage receiver is connected with first passage ultra broadband receiving antenna with described controller, the reflected impulse signal corresponding to described HF/VHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal receiving for receive described first passage ultra broadband receiving antenna under the control of described controller;
Described second channel pulse signal transmitter is connected with second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna with described controller, for export UHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal under the control of described controller, and by described second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna, described UHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal is radiated in lunar soil;
Described second channel receiver is connected with described controller, second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna A and second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna B, for under the control of described controller, receive the reflected impulse signal corresponding to described UHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal that described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna A and described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna B receive.
According to a further aspect in the invention, also provide a kind of method of utilizing ultra broadband carrierfree pulsed radar to survey lunar soil thickness and the moon time surficial geology structure, said method comprising the steps of:
Step 1: along with the movement of lunar rover, under the control of radar controller, first passage pulse signal transmitter produces ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal, and by the described ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna of feeding;
Step 2: described first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna is radiated described ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal in the moon time top layer, first passage ultra broadband receiving antenna receives the reflected impulse signal that the discontinuous place in the moon time surface structure produces, and sends to first passage receiver;
Step 3: described first passage receiver amplifies, samples the described reflected impulse signal receiving, and described reflected impulse signal is transformed into digital signal, is stored in the data-carrier store of lunar rover;
Step 4: under the control of described radar controller, second channel pulse signal transmitter produces ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal, and by the described ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna of feeding;
Step 5: described second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna is radiated described ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal in the moon time top layer, second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna A and second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna B receive the reflected impulse signal that the discontinuous place in the moon time surface structure produces, and send to second channel receiver;
Step 6: two receiving cables of described second channel receiver receive respectively from two next reflected impulse signals of receiving antenna transmission, described reflected impulse signal is amplified, sampled, and described reflected impulse signal is transformed into digital signal, be stored in respectively in the data-carrier store of lunar rover;
Step 7: along with the movement of lunar rover, repeating said steps 1～6, completes the detection for time surficial geology structure of lunar soil thickness and the moon in lunar rover course;
Step 8: lunar rover arrives the earth by detected data transmission, with pseudo-colours level diagram, gray level figure or waveform accumulation graph mode, show, or draw the sectional view of the moon time surficial geology structure and lunar soil, and according to electromagnetic wave propagation theory, obtain the specific inductive capacity of lunar soil and lunar rock.
Good effect of the present invention or advantage are: the present invention proposes a kind of method of utilizing ultra broadband carrierfree pulsed radar to realize lunar soil thickness and the moon time surficial geology structure detection, this detection radar can be equipped on lunar rover lunar soil thickness and the moon time surficial geology structure are surveyed on the spot.This radar adopts two detection channels, and Ch1 detection channels is operated in HF/VHF wave band, and the investigation depth of lunar rock is greater than to 100 meters, and resolution is meter level; Ch2 detection channels is operated in UHF wave band, and the investigation depth of lunar soil is greater than to 30 meters, and resolution is less than 30 centimetres.Meanwhile, Ch2 detection channels adopts one two mode of operation of receiving, and utilizes electromagnetic wave propagation theory can accurately be finally inversed by the degree of depth and the specific inductive capacity of lunar soil hierarchy.By surveying, can obtain the hierarchy characteristic of lunar soil and the moon time surficial geology, for the electromagnetic parameter of inverting lunar soil and lunar crust shallow-layer rock, for estimating that mineral wealth content provides foundation, and there is important scientific meaning for research lunar geology, lunar formation and evolution history.Ultra broadband carrierfree pulsed radar has that working band is wide, lightweight, precision is high, lunar soil is destroyed to the advantages such as less, can meet the demand that lunar soil thickness and the moon time surficial geology structure is surveyed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the work schematic diagram of detection system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the structure of detection system of the present invention forms schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the structure composition frame chart of detection system controller of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structure composition frame chart of Ch1 pulse signal transmitter of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structure composition frame chart of Ch1 receiver of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structure composition frame chart of Ch2 receiver of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation that Ch1 of the present invention transmits and receives antenna;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation that Ch2 of the present invention transmits and receives antenna.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of system of utilizing ultra broadband carrierfree pulsed radar to survey the moon time surficial geology structure is proposed, to realize detection on the spot and the measurement to lunar soil and the moon time surficial geology structure.
Fig. 1 is the work schematic diagram of detection system of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, detection system of the present invention is loaded on lunar rover, and it is by being arranged on the ultra-wideband antenna pulses of radiation signal outside lunar rover and receiving lunar soil and the pulse signal of the moon time surficial geology structure reflection.
The principal feature of detection system of the present invention is to comprise two detection channels, and wherein, first passage (Ch1) is operated in HF/VHF wave band, adopts one one mode of operation of receiving, for surveying the geologic structure of the moon time top layer rock; Second channel (Ch2) is operated in UHF wave band, adopt one two mode of operation of receiving, can survey accurately the thickness of moon lunar soil hierarchy, detection system of the present invention adopts binary channels pulse signal transmitter, multichannel receiver, overpays ultra-wideband antenna.Wherein, the pulse amplitude of binary channels pulse signal transmitter output is respectively 1000 volts and 400 volts, and pulse width is respectively 5 nanoseconds and 1 nanosecond.
Fig. 2 is that the structure of detection system of the present invention forms schematic diagram, as shown in Figure 2, described detection system comprises controller 1, first passage (Ch1) pulse signal transmitter 2, first passage (Ch1) receiver 3, second channel (Ch2) pulse signal transmitter 4, second channel (Ch2) receiver 5 and overpays ultra-wideband antenna (6～10), wherein:
Described controller 1, for clock signal and start pulse signal, to control the receiver of the transmitter of described first passage pulse signal transmitter 2, described second channel pulse signal transmitter 4 these two passages and described first passage receiver 3, described second channel receiver 5 these two passages, carry out respectively the transmitting of ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal and the reception of reflected impulse signal, and provide power supply for described transmitter and receiver;
Described first passage pulse signal transmitter 2 is connected with first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna 6 with described controller 1, for export HF/VHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal under the control of described controller 1, and by described first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna 6, described HF/VHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal is radiated in the moon time top layer;
Described first passage receiver 3 is connected with first passage ultra broadband receiving antenna 7 with described controller 1, the reflected impulse signal corresponding to described HF/VHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal receiving for receiving described first passage ultra broadband receiving antenna 7 under the control at described controller 1;
Described second channel pulse signal transmitter 4 is connected with second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna 8 with described controller 1, for export UHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal under the control of described controller 1, and by described second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna 8, described UHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal is radiated in lunar soil;
Described second channel receiver 5 is a kind of two-channel receivers, itself and two ultra broadband receiving antennas of described controller 1 and second channel: second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna A9 is connected with second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna B10, for under the control of described controller 1, receive the reflected impulse signal corresponding to described UHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal that described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna A9 and described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna B10 receive.
Wherein, described controller 1, pulse signal transmitter and receiver are all installed on the inside of lunar rover, and all ultra-wideband antennas are installed on the outside of lunar rover.Under the control of ground remote control instruction, along with the movement of lunar rover, above-mentioned two passage alternations, radiation and the pulse of reception ultra broadband carrierfree, complete the detection for lunar soil and the moon time top layer rock geologic structure respectively.
Fig. 3 is the structure composition frame chart of detection system controller of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, described controller 1 further comprises: radar controller 11, bus interface circuit 12, power supply circuit 13, clock circuit 14, configuration circuit 15, first passage (Ch1) signal input circuit 16, second channel (Ch2) signal input circuit 17, wherein:
Described radar controller 11 is embodied as a FPGA module, it controls described transmitter 2,4 and receiver 3,5 work, with the reflected impulse signal to first passage and second channel, carry out high speed acquisition reception, and by described bus interface circuit 12 and lunar rover Integrated Electronic System, carry out data communication, data injection and detection data and export; In addition, in described radar controller 11, also described reflected impulse signal is carried out to stack in real time and remove random disturbance noise;
Described power supply circuit 13 carries out current limliting, filtering and voltage stabilizing for the power supply that described lunar rover is provided, thereby obtains the needed power supplies in unit such as described radar controller 11, transmitter, receiver;
Described clock circuit 14 is used to described radar controller 11 that standard clock signal is provided;
Described first passage and second channel signal input circuit 16,17 further comprise that input signal biasing circuit and program control comparative level produce circuit, for receiving reflected impulse signal.
Fig. 4 is the structure composition frame chart of Ch1 pulse signal transmitter of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, described first passage pulse signal transmitter 2 comprises that driving pulse produces circuit 21 and multistage snowslide circuit 22, the transmitter start pulse signal that described controller 1 sends, after producing circuit 21 shapings and filtering by described driving pulse, produce the burst pulse that drives avalanche transistor, thereby trigger multistage snowslide circuit 22 and produce high-amplitude ultra wide band electrically pressure pulse signal, and the described first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna 6 of feeding.
Described second channel pulse signal transmitter 4 is identical with the principle of work of described first passage pulse signal transmitter 2, and it makes it produce UHF ultra wide band electrically pressure pulse signal only by Circuit tuning parameter, and the described second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna 8 of feeding.
Fig. 5 is the structure composition frame chart of Ch1 receiver of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, described Ch1 receiver 3 comprises amplitude limit module 34, low-pass filter 33, numerical control attenuation module 32 and amplification module 31 successively, described first passage receiver 3 receives after the lunar surface hierarchy reflected impulse signal receiving from described first passage ultra broadband receiving antenna 7, successively after amplitude limit, filtering, decay and amplifying, send to described controller 1, after described controller 1 converts digital signal to, store.
Fig. 6 is the structure composition frame chart of Ch2 receiver of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 6, described second channel receiver 5 comprises two receiving cables, and each receiving cable comprises amplitude limit module 53, numerical control attenuation module 52 and amplification module 51 successively; Described second channel receiver 5 receives after the lunar surface hierarchy reflected impulse signal receiving from described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna A9 and described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna B10, successively after amplitude limit, decay and amplifying, send to described controller 1, after described controller 1 converts digital signal to, store.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of Ch1 antenna of the present invention, as shown in Figure 7, described first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna 6 and described first passage ultra broadband receiving antenna 7 are superwide band single polar antenna, be arranged on the afterbody of lunar rover, wherein said first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna 6 is for pulses of radiation signal; The reflected impulse signal that described the first ultra broadband receiving antenna 7 produces for receiving lunar surface time surface structure, and send to described first passage receiver 3.The frequency of operation of described the first ultra broadband emitting antenna 6 and described the first ultra broadband receiving antenna 7 is 30～90MHz, and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is less than 3.0.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of Ch2 antenna of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, described second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna 8, described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna A9 and described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna B10 are ultra wide band dipolar antennas, be arranged on the bottom of lunar rover, wherein said second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna 8 is for pulses of radiation signal; The reflected impulse signal that described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna A9 and described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna B10 produce for receiving lunar soil layering, and send to described second channel receiver 3.The frequency of operation of described second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna 8, described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna 9 and described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna 10 is 250～750MHz, and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is less than 2.0.
According to a further aspect in the invention, also propose a kind of method of utilizing ultra broadband carrierfree pulsed radar to survey lunar soil thickness and the moon time surficial geology structure, as shown in Figure 1, said method comprising the steps of:
Step 1: along with the movement of lunar rover, under the control of radar controller, first passage Ch1 pulse signal transmitter produces ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal, and by the described ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna of feeding;
Step 2: described first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna is radiated described ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal in the moon time top layer, first passage ultra broadband receiving antenna receives the reflected impulse signal that the discontinuous place in the moon time surface structure produces, and sends to first passage Ch1 receiver;
Step 3: described first passage Ch1 receiver amplifies, samples the described reflected impulse signal receiving, and described reflected impulse signal is transformed into digital signal, is stored in the data-carrier store of lunar rover;
Step 4: under the control of described radar controller, second channel Ch2 pulse signal transmitter produces ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal, and by the described ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna of feeding;
Step 5: described second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna is radiated described ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal in the moon time top layer, second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna A and second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna B receive the reflected impulse signal that the discontinuous place in the moon time surface structure produces, and send to second channel Ch2 receiver;
Step 6: two receiving cables of described second channel Ch2 receiver receive respectively from two next reflected impulse signals of receiving antenna transmission, described reflected impulse signal is amplified, sampled, and described reflected impulse signal is transformed into digital signal, be stored in respectively in the data-carrier store of lunar rover;
Step 7: along with the movement of lunar rover, repeating step 1～6, can complete the detection for time surficial geology structure of lunar soil thickness and the moon in lunar rover course;
Step 8: lunar rover arrives the earth by detected data transmission, with pseudo-colours level diagram, gray level figure or waveform accumulation graph mode, show, and can draw the sectional view of the moon time surficial geology structure and lunar soil, can also obtain according to electromagnetic wave propagation theory the specific inductive capacity of lunar soil and lunar rock.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a system of utilizing ultra broadband carrierfree pulsed radar to survey lunar soil thickness and the moon time surficial geology structure, it is characterized in that, this system comprises: controller, first passage pulse signal transmitter, first passage receiver, second channel pulse signal transmitter, second channel receiver and overpay ultra-wideband antenna, wherein:
Described controller, for clock signal and start pulse signal, to control described first passage pulse signal transmitter, described second channel pulse signal transmitter, described first passage receiver, described second channel receiver, carry out respectively the transmitting of ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal and the reception of reflected impulse signal, and provide power supply for described transmitter and receiver;
Described first passage pulse signal transmitter is connected with first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna with described controller, for export HF/VHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal under the control of described controller, and by described first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna, described HF/VHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal is radiated in the moon time top layer;
Described first passage receiver is connected with first passage ultra broadband receiving antenna with described controller, the reflected impulse signal corresponding to described HF/VHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal receiving for receive described first passage ultra broadband receiving antenna under the control of described controller;
Described second channel pulse signal transmitter is connected with second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna with described controller, for export UHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal under the control of described controller, and by described second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna, described UHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal is radiated in lunar soil;
Described second channel receiver is connected with described controller, second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna A and second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna B, for under the control of described controller, receive the reflected impulse signal corresponding to described UHF ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal that described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna A and described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna B receive.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described controller, pulse signal transmitter and receiver are all installed on the inside of lunar rover, all ultra-wideband antennas are installed on the outside of lunar rover, under the control of ground remote control instruction, along with the movement of lunar rover, two passage alternations, radiation and the pulse of reception ultra broadband carrierfree, complete the detection for lunar soil and the moon time top layer rock geologic structure respectively.
3. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described controller further comprises: radar controller, bus interface circuit, power supply circuit, clock circuit, configuration circuit, first passage signal input circuit, second channel signal input circuit, wherein:
Described radar controller is controlled the work of described transmitter and receiver, with the reflected impulse signal to first passage and second channel, carry out high speed acquisition reception, and by described bus interface circuit and lunar rover Integrated Electronic System, carry out data communication, data injection and detection data and export;
Described power supply circuit carries out current limliting, filtering and voltage stabilizing for the power supply that described lunar rover is provided, thereby obtains described radar controller, transmitter, the needed power supply of receiver;
Described clock circuit is used to described radar controller that standard clock signal is provided;
Described first passage and second channel signal input circuit further comprise that input signal biasing circuit and program control comparative level produce circuit, for receiving reflected impulse signal.
4. system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described radar controller also carries out stack in real time to described reflected impulse signal and removes random disturbance noise.
5. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first passage pulse signal transmitter comprises that driving pulse produces circuit and multistage snowslide circuit, the transmitter start pulse signal that described controller sends, after producing circuit shaping and filtering by described driving pulse, produce the burst pulse that drives avalanche transistor, thereby trigger multistage snowslide circuit and produce high-amplitude ultra wide band electrically pressure pulse signal, and the described first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna of feeding.
6. system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described second channel pulse signal transmitter is identical with the principle of work of described first passage pulse signal transmitter, it is only by Circuit tuning parameter, make it produce UHF ultra wide band electrically pressure pulse signal, and the described second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna of feeding.
7. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first passage receiver comprises amplitude limit module, low-pass filter, numerical control attenuation module and amplification module successively, described first passage receiver receives after the lunar surface hierarchy reflected impulse signal receiving from described first passage ultra broadband receiving antenna, successively after amplitude limit, filtering, decay and amplifying, send to described controller, after described controller converts digital signal to, store.
8. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described second channel receiver comprises two receiving cables, and each receiving cable comprises amplitude limit module, numerical control attenuation module and amplification module successively; Described second channel receiver receives after the lunar surface hierarchy reflected impulse signal receiving from described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna A and described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna B, successively after amplitude limit, decay and amplifying, send to described controller, after described controller converts digital signal to, store.
9. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna and described first passage ultra broadband receiving antenna are superwide band single polar antenna, are arranged on the afterbody of lunar rover; Described second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna, described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna A and described second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna B are ultra wide band dipolar antenna, are arranged on the bottom of lunar rover.
10. a method of utilizing ultra broadband carrierfree pulsed radar to survey lunar soil thickness and the moon time surficial geology structure, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
Step 1: along with the movement of lunar rover, under the control of radar controller, first passage pulse signal transmitter produces ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal, and by the described ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna of feeding;
Step 2: described first passage ultra broadband emitting antenna is radiated described ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal in the moon time top layer, first passage ultra broadband receiving antenna receives the reflected impulse signal that the discontinuous place in the moon time surface structure produces, and sends to first passage receiver;
Step 3: described first passage receiver amplifies, samples the described reflected impulse signal receiving, and described reflected impulse signal is transformed into digital signal, is stored in the data-carrier store of lunar rover;
Step 4: under the control of described radar controller, second channel pulse signal transmitter produces ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal, and by the described ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna of feeding;
Step 5: described second channel ultra broadband emitting antenna is radiated described ultra broadband carrierfree pulse signal in the moon time top layer, second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna A and second channel ultra broadband receiving antenna B receive the reflected impulse signal that the discontinuous place in the moon time surface structure produces, and send to second channel receiver;
Step 6: two receiving cables of described second channel receiver receive respectively from two next reflected impulse signals of receiving antenna transmission, described reflected impulse signal is amplified, sampled, and described reflected impulse signal is transformed into digital signal, be stored in respectively in the data-carrier store of lunar rover;
Step 7: along with the movement of lunar rover, repeating said steps 1～6, completes the detection for time surficial geology structure of lunar soil thickness and the moon in lunar rover course;
Step 8: lunar rover arrives the earth by detected data transmission, with pseudo-colours level diagram, gray level figure or waveform accumulation graph mode, show, or draw the sectional view of the moon time surficial geology structure and lunar soil, and according to electromagnetic wave propagation theory, obtain the specific inductive capacity of lunar soil and lunar rock.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104113375A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-10-22 | 复旦大学 | Optical communication transmitting end, receiving end, system and data transmitting and receiving method |
| CN104601147A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-05-06 | 山东工商学院 | Fixed-cycle random tiny negative pulse generation circuit |
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| CN104113375A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-10-22 | 复旦大学 | Optical communication transmitting end, receiving end, system and data transmitting and receiving method |
| WO2016095208A1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-23 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Method and system for detecting geological structure of extraterrestrial solid celestial body by employing single transmitting and multi-receiving radar |
| EP3081964A4 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2017-10-18 | Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences | Method and system for detecting geological structure of extraterrestrial solid celestial body by employing single transmitting and multi-receiving radar |
| US10649078B2 (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2020-05-12 | Institute Of Electronics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Method and system for detecting geological structure of an extraterrestrial solid planet by using a single-transmitter and multiple-receiver radar |
| CN104601147A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-05-06 | 山东工商学院 | Fixed-cycle random tiny negative pulse generation circuit |
| CN104601147B (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2017-04-05 | 山东工商学院 | A kind of random small negative pulse of fixed cycle produces circuit |
| CN106019272A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-10-12 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | System and method employing ultra wide band radar technology for detecting lunar soil layered structure |
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| CN107678005A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2018-02-09 | 北京遥感设备研究所 | A kind of in-orbit celestial body underground detection radar clutter suppression method |
| CN108416820A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-08-17 | 山东大学 | A kind of menology impact crater geologic mapping method based on remotely-sensed data |
| CN108416820B (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2021-04-06 | 山东大学 | Remote sensing data-based geological map filling method for moon surface impact pit |
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