CN103777247A - Transient electromagnetic radar detection system and detection method - Google Patents
Transient electromagnetic radar detection system and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103777247A CN103777247A CN201410054703.2A CN201410054703A CN103777247A CN 103777247 A CN103777247 A CN 103777247A CN 201410054703 A CN201410054703 A CN 201410054703A CN 103777247 A CN103777247 A CN 103777247A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a transient electromagnetic radar detection system and a detection method. The transient electromagnetic radar detection system comprises a radar electromagnetic emission system, an electromagnetic collection system and a computer. By means of multiple times of electromagnetic pulse excitation, multiple times of superposition observation and spatial coverage are conducted, random disturbance is conducted on reflection wave suppression through data processing, and therefore the signal to noise ratio is increased, and identification of effective waves is achieved. The requirements for different detection depths and different detection objects can be met. A high-speed or high-precision mode can be selected according to engineering requirements. By means of overlapped loop antennas in different specifications, good coupling with targets with different depths and different sizes can be achieved, and the large emission magnetic torque and receiving magnetic torque are obtained. By means of the transient electromagnetic method scanning technique, transient electromagnetic detection efficiency is improved greatly, the highest scanning speed can reach 2 m/s, and large-scale detection in a city is facilitated. The transient electromagnetic radar detection system is compatible with four antenna devices which are an overlapping loop device, a central loop device, a dipole device and a large fixed loop source device, and the devices are simple in structure and convenient to carry, and suitable for various types of ground and underground engineering detection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of transient electromagnetic quasi-instrument and detection method thereof.
Background technology
The method of utilizing electromagnetic induction principle to carry out engineering geophysics, exploration prospecting is referred to as electromagnetic method, the most frequently used in ground surface works is the technology such as geological radar, transient electromagnetic, the difference of the two is the difference of the electromagnetic centre frequency of transponder pulse, the former is generally from 12.5MHZ to 1200MHZ, and the latter is generally from 0HZ to 500HZ.
Geological radar, as a kind of geophysical exploration of shallow layer technology of wide spectrum, has been widely used in the fields such as engineering ground prospecting, construction quality detection, pipe-network detection and archaeological exploration, has fast, the feature such as efficient, non-destructive.Although obtained business-like application, geological radar also has its limitation, shows: (1), because frequency of utilization is higher, electromagnetic energy is decayed very large in stratum, and investigation depth is very shallow; (2) generally can not determine that buried target body lateral dimension is as diameter, the width of pipe trench etc. in pipe diameter size, spheroidite, cavity; (3) very little, its data interpretation has multi-solution to the detected object spatial information amount of obtaining; (4) multiple reflection and other noise jamming are serious, and the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of raw readings is lower.
Transient electromagnetic method is looking for the application in the prospecting of ore deposit, oil more, is widely used in the fields such as engineering, environment, investigation of hazard geology with its unique advantage (economic, harmless, fast, high, the abundant information of precision etc.) simultaneously.Than geological radar, Transient Electromagnetic Technique is because frequency of utilization section is lower, and its depth sounding ability is stronger, and there is a higher lateral resolution, utilize multiple equipment, as followed the tracks of, dipole device and determine greatly Loop source device, obtainable detected object quantity of information is larger simultaneously.Transient electromagnetic method is also being in the primary stage aspect theoretical research, instrument development at present.Though on the one hand theoretical research oneself solved one dimension Forward And The Inverse Problems, two, three-dimensional research also do not reach level of application, instrument is exploitation and the improvement on instrument basis abroad mostly, application is not general; On the other hand, for ground surface works, transient electromagnetic detecting is mainly one-point measurement, and compared with belonging to the geological radar of electromagnetic method together, detection efficiency is lower, is not suitable for surveying on a large scale in urban district.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of detection method of transient electromagnetic radar-probing system, in conjunction with geological radar and the two advantage of transient electromagnetic, can overcome the problem of ground transient electromagnetic detecting one-point measurement, realizing motion scan formula surveys, can make up again that the geologic radar detection degree of depth is limited, located lateral is difficult and the technical matters such as serious interference, finally realize quick, facility and the lossless detection of earth's surface to geologic body in the larger degree of depth, and provide multiple antenna sets suitable engineering detecting that should all kinds of environment.
For realizing above object, the technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of transient electromagnetic radar-probing system, is characterized in that, comprises radar Electro-magnetic Launcher System, electromagnetism acquisition system and computing machine; Described radar electromagnetism transmitting system is made up of the emitting antenna of waveform transmitters, driver, output stage and the electromagnetic induction device of transponder pulse formula low frequency electromagnetic signals continuously, described electromagnetism acquisition system is made up of receiving antenna, signal amplifier, wave filter, A/D converter, FPGA and the arm processor of electromagnetic induction, and the signal output part of this electromagnetism acquisition system is connected with computing machine; There is a measuring wheel to utilize the draw-in groove of casing side to fix, and be connected with computing machine by on-site programmable gate array FPGA and arm processor; There are 2 core synchronizing cables or wireless mode to connect the synchronizing circuit of radar electromagnetism transmitting system to the FPGA of electromagnetism acquisition system; The emitting antenna of described electromagnetic induction device and receiving antenna are positioned at casing or framework, its shell adopts synthetic resin material or pvc pipe material, transmitting coil and receiving coil that the inner diffraction number of turn does not wait, above coil, shielding square signal with radome, coil is connected with radar Electro-magnetic Launcher System, electromagnetism acquisition system respectively through signal cable by the aviation plug interface on panel, and the port number of acquisition system is not less than 16.
According to detected object difference, the assembled arrangement form of emitting antenna and receiving antenna corresponds to coincide-loop, center wire-retracting device, dipole device and determines greatly one or both and the two or more combinations in Loop source device; According to investigation depth difference, transmitting and the receiving antenna of the corresponding different numbers of turn, the length of side, resistance, transmitting and receiving antenna are formed by number of turn enamel covered wire diffraction not etc., transmitter current 30-50A; Antenna adopts frame structure or body structure, wherein frame structure is pvc pipe material, transmitting and receiving coil is connected to respectively two core aviation plugs by two core signal cables, body structure is synthetic resin material, case interior loop top is with radome, pulled and advanced by traction rope, transmitting and receiving coil is connected to four-core aviation plug by two core signal cables.
The wave mode transmitter output loop of radar Electromagnetic Launching part, the mode that adopts controllable silicon and VMOS duct ligation to close.
A kind of detection method of transient electromagnetic radar-probing system, when the power supply of electromagnetism transmitter, export square wave, semisinusoidal, the circuit of the supply waveforms such as triangle is to emitting antenna and produce Primary field, utilize synchronizing cable that signal is synchronized to FPGA simultaneously and control Acquisition Circuit, after transmitter power-off, in objective body, produce induction current and produce secondary magnetic field, utilize the Real-time Collection of continuous impulse and image, can realize the rapid scanning formula of dielectric is surveyed, be that receiving antenna observes secondary magnetic field generation induction current and sends to signal picker, by continual impulse ejection and Real-time Collection, and utilize transient electromagnetic Treatment Analysis method to carry out data processing and imaging, judge that Electromagnetic Wave Propagation is by the geological condition of medium.
The free mode continuous coverage of this system, measuring wheel trigger and manually put three kinds of metering systems of survey mode.
Electromagnetism sends function transmitting 0.25HZ, 2.5HZ, 6.25HZ, 25HZ, 50HZ etc. take 50 electromagnetic signals as all overtones bands.
Transmitting option can arrange dutycycle, Time delay, transmitting cycle, frequency selection parameter, gathers option sampling number, sampling rate, sampling gain, sampling resolution, stacking fold parameter can be set.
Detection system is utilized the Real-time Collection of continuous impulse transmitting and image, can realize the rapid scanning formula of dielectric is surveyed, utilize coincide-loop, center wire-retracting device, the dipole device of system simultaneously and determine greatly Loop source device, adapting to all kinds of ground and underground works and survey.
The present invention is that beneficial effect is as follows based on electromagnetic secondary field principle:
1, the present invention excites by electromagnetic pulse repeatedly, and the observation that repeatedly superposes covers with space, and by data processing, reflection wave is suppressed to random disturbance, thereby improves signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), realizes the identification to significant wave;
2, the present invention can launch 0.25HZ, 2.5HZ, 6.25HZ, 25HZ, 50HZ etc. take 50 electromagnetic signals as all overtones bands, can meet the needs of different depth soundings, different detected object;
3, the present invention can select at a high speed or high precision mode according to requirement of engineering, and the former has sweep velocity faster, and the latter can obtain higher detection accuracy;
4, the present invention can, according to place situation and detected object, freely arrange transmitting option: dutycycle, Time delay, transmitting cycle, frequency selection etc.; Collection option is set: sampling number, sampling rate, sampling gain, sampling resolution, stacking fold etc., wherein sampling number optional 1 ~ 30000, sampling rate: 2000,2500,3750,5000,7500,10000,15000,20000,30000, sampling gain: 1,2,4,8,16,32,64, sampling resolution: 8,16,24;
5, the present invention utilizes the antenna of different size, can realization and the good coupling of different depth, different size object, and there is larger transmitting magnetic moment and receive magnetic moment;
6, compatible coincide-loop, center wire-retracting device, dipole device of the present invention and determine greatly four kinds of antenna assemblies of Loop source device, device simple structure, easy to carry, be applicable to all kinds of ground and underground works detection, be a kind of transient electromagnetic detecting equipment of wide spectrum.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system principle diagram of invention.
Fig. 2 is the software operation process flow diagram of transient electromagnetic radar detection of the present invention.
Embodiment
System of the present invention is referring to Fig. 1.A kind of transient electromagnetic radar-probing system, comprises radar Electro-magnetic Launcher System, electromagnetism acquisition system and computing machine.Described radar electromagnetism transmitting system is made up of the emitting antenna of waveform transmitters, driver, output stage and the electromagnetic induction device of transponder pulse formula low frequency electromagnetic signals continuously.Described electromagnetism acquisition system is made up of receiving antenna, signal amplifier, wave filter, A/D converter, FPGA and the arm processor of electromagnetic induction.The signal output part of this electromagnetism acquisition system is connected with computing machine.There are 2 core synchronizing cables to connect the synchronizing circuit of radar electromagnetism transmitting system and the synchronizing circuit of electromagnetism acquisition system.By 2 core synchronizing cables or wireless mode, the synchronizing circuit of radar electromagnetism transmitting system being controlled to Acquisition Circuit with the FPGA of electromagnetism acquisition system is connected.When the waveform receiving is analyzed, ski-jump definite extremely important, the effect of synchronizing circuit is to launch once electromagnetic wave, acquisition system synchronously gathers, in so corresponding waveform, the time point that starts to gather is to time point corresponding to ski-jump, and this period can be reacted the distance of antenna and detection of a target body really.There is a measuring wheel to utilize the draw-in groove of casing side to fix, and be connected with computing machine by on-site programmable gate array FPGA and arm processor, so that record the stroke of antenna truly, and be reflected into computing machine.
The emitting antenna of described electromagnetic induction device and receiving antenna are positioned at casing or framework, its shell adopts synthetic resin material or pvc pipe material, transmitting coil and receiving coil that the inner diffraction number of turn does not wait, above coil, shielding square signal with radome, coil is connected with radar Electro-magnetic Launcher System, electromagnetism acquisition system respectively through signal cable by the aviation plug interface on panel, and the port number of acquisition system is not less than 16.
According to detected object difference, corresponding coincide-loop, center wire-retracting device, dipole device and determine greatly one or both and the two or more combinations in Loop source device; According to investigation depth difference, transmitting and the receiving antenna of the corresponding different numbers of turn, the length of side, resistance, transmitting and receiving antenna are formed by number of turn enamel covered wire diffraction not etc., transmitter current 30-50A; Antenna adopts frame structure or body structure, wherein frame structure is pvc pipe material, transmitting and receiving coil is connected to respectively two core aviation plugs by two core signal cables, body structure is synthetic resin material, case interior loop top is with radome, pulled and advanced by traction rope, transmitting and receiving coil is connected to four-core aviation plug by two core signal cables.
Above-mentioned coincide-loop refers to that transmitting coil and receiving coil are the synchronizing moving that overlaps; Center wire-retracting device refers to large coil transmitting, and small coil receives, and central point overlaps, synchronizing moving; Dipole device refers to that transmitting receiving coil is at a distance of certain distance, synchronizing moving; Determine greatly source Loop source device and refer to large coil transmitting, small coil receives, and wherein large coil is fixed, small coil mobile reception.Above referring to the content of the ground transient electromagnetic method technical regulation 3.2.1 in the geological and mineral industry standard DZ/T0187-1997 of the People's Republic of China (PRC).
The wave mode transmitter output loop of radar Electromagnetic Launching part, the mode that adopts controllable silicon and VMOS duct ligation to close.
Detection method of the present invention is as follows, when the power supply of electromagnetism transmitter, export square wave, semisinusoidal, the circuit of the supply waveforms such as triangle is to emitting antenna and produce Primary field, utilize synchronizing cable that signal is synchronized to FPGA simultaneously and control Acquisition Circuit, after transmitter power-off, in objective body, produce induction current and produce secondary magnetic field, utilize the Real-time Collection of continuous impulse and image, can realize the rapid scanning formula of dielectric is surveyed, be that receiving antenna observes secondary magnetic field generation induction current and sends to signal picker, by continual impulse ejection and Real-time Collection, and utilize transient electromagnetic Treatment Analysis method to carry out data processing and imaging, judge that Electromagnetic Wave Propagation is by the geological condition of medium.Wherein transient electromagnetic Treatment Analysis method, belongs to prior art.USEP system can be referring to the research of " geology and exploration " tunnel comprehensive parameters Geological Prediction Technology, in July, 2009, Ye Ying.In the literary composition of this publication, have about USEP by USP(earthquake) with UEP(electromagnetism) technical method of the two combination.This article records in the part of the transient electromagnetic method scanning of (3) USEP that " transient electromagnetic method scanning technique is to utilize overlapping loop line to be arranged in tunnel tunnel face to arrange several surveys line; utilize the method for continuous acquisition to realize; due to the low genus time domain of its frequency pulse electromagnetic method; the degree of depth of therefore surveying compared with geological radar (microwave section electromagnetic method) is large, and this function belongs to the resistivity acquisition method of USEP system synthesis.Common site layout project, USEP system can gather primary field and the secondary field in electromagnetism excitation system simultaneously, primary field and secondary field have different purposes in processing, the primary field of L1-L4 survey line and secondary field induced voltage curve ".
The free mode continuous coverage of this system, measuring wheel trigger and manually put three kinds of metering systems of survey mode.Electromagnetism sends function transmitting 0.25HZ, 2.5HZ, 6.25HZ, 25HZ, 50HZ etc. take 50 electromagnetic signals as all overtones bands.Transmitting option can arrange dutycycle, Time delay, transmitting cycle, frequency selection parameter, gathers option sampling number, sampling rate, sampling gain, sampling resolution, stacking fold parameter can be set.
Detection system is utilized the Real-time Collection of continuous impulse and image, can realize the rapid scanning formula of dielectric is surveyed, utilize coincide-loop, center wire-retracting device, the dipole device of system simultaneously and determine greatly one or both and the two or more combinations in Loop source device, adapt to all kinds of ground and underground works and survey.
The present invention applies the detection method of above-mentioned transient electromagnetic radar-probing system, has following steps:
Engineering site situation and mission requirements under step 1, base area, arrange grid and survey line and select antenna assembly;
Step 2, in-situ data input computer: the initial and final position that comprises the number of turn, the length of side, strength of current and the survey line of project profile, emitting antenna and receiving antenna;
Step 3, place emitting antenna and receiving antenna according to design and be also connected to respectively electromagnetism transmitter, signal picker, while adopting measuring wheel trigger mode, measuring wheel is fixed on antenna, and link to collector, transmitter connects 12V external power supply, connect electromagnetism transmitter and signal picker by synchronizing cable, finally collector is connected with computing machine;
Step 4, operation computing machine, carry out parameter configuration and data acquisition: comprise triggering mode, time window selection, Real-time Collection and single acquisition select;
Step 5, by computer testing system connection, normal after, system enters ready state;
Step 6, system triggers, for time mode continuous coverage and measuring wheel triggering mode, survey crew pastes and drags antenna along design survey line, and carries out transient electromagnetic data collection task; For manual some survey mode, every 0.5m portable antenna is once surveyed, and measuring point point, apart from 0.5m, can be encrypted detection to the bad region of Effect on Detecting.Complete after electromagnetic data collection, system can form the electromagnetism standard data file that file layout is * .Uep;
Step 7, operation computing machine, electromagnetism standard data file is carried out to Data Management Analysis: comprise and get secondary field, primary field and whole audience processing, the mathematics manipulation such as 9,3 auto-correlations, 4 spatial domain conversions, single order 5 points, second order 7 points, 3 rank 7 points, 7 of quadravalences and three rank, and separation local field, the dough softening, depending on time constant, apparent resistivity, longitudinal conductance with look the professional treatment such as the degree of depth;
Step 8, operation computing machine, carry out image demonstration to electromagnetism standard data file: comprise one dimension figure, X-Y scheme, three-dimensional picture;
Step 9, according to the processing of step 6 ~ 8 and demonstration, carry out explanation, interpretation, the analysis of electromagnetic data, geological condition is described.
Software control flow process of the present invention is referring to Fig. 2.
The present invention can be applicable to the shallow-layer geology detecting of all kinds of ground and underground works, can realize the Quick of dielectric resistivity contrasts, and particularly, metallic object (pipeline, reinforcing bar etc.) abnormal to water content can be made location comparatively accurately.
Claims (8)
1. a transient electromagnetic radar-probing system, is characterized in that, comprises radar Electro-magnetic Launcher System, electromagnetism acquisition system and computing machine; Described radar electromagnetism transmitting system is made up of the emitting antenna of waveform transmitters, driver, output stage and the electromagnetic induction device of transponder pulse formula low frequency electromagnetic signals continuously, described electromagnetism acquisition system is made up of receiving antenna, signal amplifier, wave filter, A/D converter, FPGA and the arm processor of electromagnetic induction, and the signal output part of this electromagnetism acquisition system is connected with computing machine; There is a measuring wheel to utilize the draw-in groove of casing side to fix, and be connected with computing machine by on-site programmable gate array FPGA and arm processor; There are 2 core synchronizing cables or wireless mode to connect the synchronizing circuit of radar electromagnetism transmitting system to the FPGA of electromagnetism acquisition system; The emitting antenna of described electromagnetic induction device and receiving antenna are positioned at casing or framework, its shell adopts synthetic resin material or pvc pipe material, transmitting coil and receiving coil that the inner diffraction number of turn does not wait, above coil, shielding square signal with radome, coil is connected with radar Electro-magnetic Launcher System, electromagnetism acquisition system respectively through signal cable by the aviation plug interface on panel, and the port number of acquisition system is not less than 16.
2. a kind of transient electromagnetic radar-probing system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, according to detected object difference, the assembled arrangement form of emitting antenna and receiving antenna corresponds to coincide-loop, center wire-retracting device, dipole device and determines greatly one or both and the two or more combinations in Loop source device; According to investigation depth difference, transmitting and the receiving antenna of the corresponding different numbers of turn, the length of side, resistance, transmitting and receiving antenna are formed by number of turn enamel covered wire diffraction not etc., transmitter current 30-50A; Antenna adopts frame structure or body structure, wherein frame structure is pvc pipe material, transmitting and receiving coil is connected to respectively two core aviation plugs by two core signal cables, body structure is synthetic resin material, case interior loop top is with radome, pulled and advanced by traction rope, transmitting and receiving coil is connected to four-core aviation plug by two core signal cables.
3. a kind of transient electromagnetic radar-probing system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the wave mode transmitter output loop of radar Electromagnetic Launching part, the mode that adopts controllable silicon and VMOS duct ligation to close.
4. the detection method of a transient electromagnetic radar-probing system, it is characterized in that, when the power supply of electromagnetism transmitter, export square wave, semisinusoidal, the circuit of the supply waveforms such as triangle is to emitting antenna and produce Primary field, utilize synchronizing cable that signal is synchronized to FPGA simultaneously and control Acquisition Circuit, after transmitter power-off, in objective body, produce induction current and produce secondary magnetic field, utilize the Real-time Collection of continuous impulse and image, can realize the rapid scanning formula of dielectric is surveyed, be that receiving antenna observes secondary magnetic field generation induction current and sends to signal picker, by continual impulse ejection and Real-time Collection, and utilize transient electromagnetic Treatment Analysis method to carry out data processing and imaging, judge that Electromagnetic Wave Propagation is by the geological condition of medium.
5. the detection method of a kind of electromagnetism radar-probing system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the free mode continuous coverage of this system, measuring wheel trigger and manually put three kinds of metering systems of survey mode.
6. the detection method of a kind of transient electromagnetic radar-probing system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, electromagnetism sends function transmitting 0.25HZ, 2.5HZ, 6.25HZ, 25HZ, 50HZ etc. take 50 electromagnetic signals as all overtones bands.
7. according to the detection method of a kind of transient electromagnetic radar-probing system described in claim 4 or 6, it is characterized in that, transmitting option can arrange dutycycle, Time delay, transmitting cycle, frequency selection parameter, gathers option sampling number, sampling rate, sampling gain, sampling resolution, stacking fold parameter can be set.
8. the detection method of a kind of transient electromagnetic radar-probing system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, detection system is utilized the Real-time Collection of continuous impulse transmitting and image, can realize the rapid scanning formula of dielectric is surveyed, utilize coincide-loop, center wire-retracting device, the dipole device of system simultaneously and determine greatly one or both and the two or more combinations in Loop source device, adapt to all kinds of ground and underground works and survey.
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| CN112099095A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-18 | 太原理工大学 | Transient electromagnetic center loop detection device capable of changing side length and turn number of transmitting and receiving coil |
| CN112485833A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-03-12 | 江苏南京地质工程勘察院 | Urban tunnel abnormal body detection method based on loop line source ground hole transient electromagnetism |
| CN112485833B (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2024-07-09 | 江苏南京地质工程勘察院 | Urban tunnel abnormal body detection method based on small-loop source ground hole transient electromagnetic |
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