CN103621298B - A kind of breeding method of small apple bonsai - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method of small apple bonsai Download PDFInfo
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- CN103621298B CN103621298B CN201310648679.0A CN201310648679A CN103621298B CN 103621298 B CN103621298 B CN 103621298B CN 201310648679 A CN201310648679 A CN 201310648679A CN 103621298 B CN103621298 B CN 103621298B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of breeding method of small apple bonsai, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: the tissue cultivating choosing stock, grafting, the steps such as shaping and transplanting engagement.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows and greatly to be shortened by the small apple bonsai method of the present invention time of cultivating, survival rate of plant is high, and production efficiency is high, and the potted landscape compact of described production simultaneously, can be placed in conventional tables, and be easy to management, cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of potted landscape, relate more specifically to a kind of breeding method of small apple bonsai.
Background technology
Potted landscape is one of Chinese nation's excellent tradition art.It with plant, mountain stone, soil, water etc. for material, through artistic creation and horticultural gardening, typical in basin, intensively to mould the Nature fine view, reach contracting dragon and become artistic effect very little, much in little, pour out one's heart with scape simultaneously, show far-reaching artistic conception, just as the takes landscape district of the scaled down version of the beauty of solid.
Potted landscape is the artistic contraction product being presented in landscape in basin device or gardens flowers and trees view.Be material mainly with trees, flowers and plants, mountain stone, water, soil etc., through ingenuity layout, the shape handles and meticulously maintenance, U.S. of mountains and rivers god's looks and garden arts can be embodied in very close spatial concentration, become be rich in poetic desk clearly for and gardens decorate, often be described as " noiseless poem, three-dimensional picture ".
Existing potted landscape mostly is large-scale potted landscape, handsome in appearance, but management trouble, and price is more expensive, and scope on probation is extensive not, can not generally get their way into people's lives.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome prior art defect, provide a kind of breeding method of small apple bonsai, the small bonsai compact made by the inventive method, can be placed in conventional tables, and handsome in appearance.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention discloses a kind of breeding method of small apple bonsai, comprising the steps such as the tissue cultivating of stock, grafting, transplanting engagement, shaping and cultivation; Wherein, the tissue cultivating of described stock comprises the following steps:
A, clip bud point and inoculation: choosing branch vigorous apple seedling 3-5 month, clip has been sprouted the terminal bud of branch or axillalry bud, peel off surfoyl and disinfection, such as adopt the alcohol-pickled a quarter of an hour of 75%, then strip growing point, be seeded on the MS medium of interpolation BA and hydrolysed casein.
B, cultivate and to take root preliminary seedling: under the bud growing point of step a inoculation is first placed in light, cultivate 5-15 days, then constant temperature lucifuge cultivates 5-15 days at 25-30 DEG C; Keep constant temperature between cultivation afterwards, illumination every day 8-12h, luminous intensity is 1000-1500Lux, treats more than height of seedling 3cm, has 10-15 sheet bottle green blade, preliminary seedling of must taking root; Carrying out that constant temperature lucifuge cultivates can the tissue differentiation of Expedite the application bud growing point, carries out illumination cultivation afterwards and is conducive to described plantlet in vitro and carries out nutrition differentiation and growth.
C, cultivate and to take root seedling: be seeded on the first root media by described preliminary seedling of taking root, carry out light culture, described first prescription of rooting medium is MS vitamin+2.5ppmIBA+5.0ppm sucrose; After 7-10 days, move on the second root media and carry out illumination cultivation, described second culture medium prescription is MS vitamin+2.5ppmIAA+5.0ppm sucrose+1.0ppmAC; Carry out alternation of light and darkness cultivate be conducive to described in preliminary seedling of taking root carry out root tissue differentiation and growth, taking root of preliminary seedling of taking root described in quickening.
D, take exercise and to take root seedling: seedling of taking root described in taking-up, washes away medium, carries out Sha Pei or earth culture, and pouring clear water keeps relative moisture >=80%, temperature 18-25 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 1000-1500Lux; After 2-3 week, seedling grows side root, moves in flowerpot, continues pouring clear water until survive; Only water clear water to be conducive to cultivating healthy and strong side root.
E, transplanting land for growing field crops: steps d is cultivated the seedling of taking root survived, move to land for growing field crops, after the growth 5-7 month, both obtain rootstock seedling;
Described grafting carries out root grafting after being included in stem's grafting.
Wherein in an embodiment, described root grafting comprises:
A, root grafting: the described rootstock seedling taken out through stem's grafting is cleaned, choose healthy and strong side root clip tip, stay the trunk of 5-10cm; Then the side root choosing ripe 2-3 green apple, as scion, carries out grafting on the side root of described stock, is bandaged by otch after grafting.
B, root shaping: pile in shallow basin and bury, make soil layer a little more than basin edge, is positioned over by the stock grafted on described mound, and its root is across piling on high basin soil, and the native face of micro-dew, uses metal wire that winding root bar is carried out shaping.
C, cultivation: the plant after root Shape correction is put into cultivation canopy, cultivates under light illumination, described intensity of illumination is 1000-1500Lux.Suitable illumination has the root utilizing described grafting to carry out increasing girth growth, is convenient to form moulding.
The described stem grafting of the breeding method of described small apple bonsai comprises: the stem of described rootstock seedling pruned, stay the trunk of 10-20cm, then the bearing basal shoot of 2-3 green apple is chosen, clip 6-10cm is as scion, carry out grafting on stock, after grafting, otch is bandaged, the plant after grafting is put into and cultivates canopy and cultivate.
Preferably, described shaping comprises limb shaping and root shaping, and described limb shaping comprises bud picking, priming leaf and press strip; Described root shaping comprises cuts root, band girdle, bent root and twines root.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that the breeding method of small apple bonsai of the present invention chooses apple tree as penjing plant, make it downgrade, accelerate it by tissue cultures and breed speed; By root grafting, it is made to form root handsome in appearance; Engaged by light culture and dark culture in the process of tissue cultures, impel it to take root, improve survival rate; Group training stock is transplanting land for growing field crops after carrying out sand training, improves survival rate; Stock is high 10-20cm only, and made potted landscape is suitable for indoor placement.In a word, the small bonsai compact made by the inventive method, can be placed in conventional tables, and be easy to management, cost is low.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification word to make those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
The breeding method of small apple bonsai, comprises the steps such as the tissue cultivating of stock, grafting, transplanting engagement, shaping and cultivation; Wherein, the tissue cultivating of described stock comprises the following steps:
A, clip bud point and inoculation: choosing branch vigorous apple seedling 3-5 month, clip has been sprouted the terminal bud of branch or axillalry bud, peels off surfoyl and disinfection, then strips growing point, be seeded in add BA and hydrolysed casein MS medium on; Described bud point culture medium prescription is such as: MS vitamin+3ppmBA+0.05ppm hydrolysed casein.
B, cultivate and to take root preliminary seedling: cultivate 5 days under the bud growing point of step a inoculation is first placed in light, then constant temperature lucifuge cultivates 5 days at 25-30 DEG C; Keep constant temperature between cultivation, illumination every day 12h, luminous intensity is 1000Lux, treats more than height of seedling 3cm, has 10-15 sheet bottle green blade, preliminary seedling of must taking root;
C, cultivate and to take root seedling: be seeded on the first root media by described preliminary seedling of taking root, carry out light culture, described first prescription of rooting medium is MS vitamin+2.5ppmIBA+5.0ppm sucrose; After 10 days, move on the second root media and carry out illumination cultivation, described second culture medium prescription is MS vitamin+2.5ppmIAA+5.0ppm sucrose+1.0ppmAC.
D, take exercise and to take root seedling: seedling of taking root described in taking-up, washes away medium, carries out Sha Pei or earth culture, and pouring clear water keeps relative moisture >=80%, temperature 18-25 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 1500Lux; After 2-3 week, seedling grows side root, moves in flowerpot, continues pouring clear water until survive.
E, transplanting land for growing field crops: steps d is cultivated the seedling of taking root survived, move to land for growing field crops, after the growth 5-7 month, both obtain rootstock seedling.
Afterwards, described rootstock seedling is dug out, clean root, carry out root grafting.Described root grafting comprises:
A, root grafting: the described rootstock seedling taken out through stem's grafting is cleaned, choose healthy and strong side root clip tip, stay the trunk of 10cm; Then the side root choosing ripe 2-3 green apple, as scion, carries out grafting on the side root of described stock, is bandaged by otch after grafting.
B, root shaping: pile in shallow basin and bury, make soil layer a little more than basin edge, is positioned over by the stock grafted on described mound, and its root is across piling on high basin soil, and the native face of micro-dew, uses metal wire that winding root bar is carried out shaping.
C, cultivation: the plant after root Shape correction is put into cultivation canopy, cultivates under light illumination, described intensity of illumination is 1000-1500Lux.
After the described rootstock seedling that band carried out root grafting survives, transplant land for growing field crops and carry out strong sprout, carry out stem's grafting afterwards, the grafting of described stem comprises: the stem of described rootstock seedling pruned, and stays the trunk of 20cm, then chooses the bearing basal shoot of 2-3 green apple, clip 10cm is as scion, carry out grafting on stock, after grafting, otch is bandaged, the plant after grafting is put into and cultivates canopy and cultivate.
After stem's grafting survival, carry out limb shaping and root shaping, described limb shaping comprises bud picking, priming leaf and press strip; Described root shaping comprises cuts root, band girdle, bent root and twines root.
Embodiment 2
The breeding method of small apple bonsai, comprises the steps such as the tissue cultivating of stock, grafting, transplanting engagement, shaping and cultivation.
The tissue cultivating of described stock comprises the following steps:
A, clip bud point and inoculation: choosing branch vigorous apple seedling 3-5 month, clip has been sprouted the terminal bud of branch or axillalry bud, peels off surfoyl and disinfection, then strips growing point, be seeded in add BA and hydrolysed casein MS medium on; Described bud point culture medium prescription is such as: MS vitamin+3ppmBA+0.05ppm hydrolysed casein.
B, cultivate and to take root preliminary seedling: cultivate 10 days under the bud growing point of step a inoculation is first placed in light, then constant temperature lucifuge cultivates 10 days at 25-30 DEG C; Keep constant temperature between cultivation, illumination every day 10h, luminous intensity is 1500Lux, treats more than height of seedling 3cm, has 10-15 sheet bottle green blade, preliminary seedling of must taking root.
C, cultivate and to take root seedling: be seeded on the first root media by described preliminary seedling of taking root, carry out light culture, described first prescription of rooting medium is MS vitamin+2.5ppmIBA+5.0ppm sucrose; After 7 days, move on the second root media and carry out illumination cultivation, described second culture medium prescription is MS vitamin+2.5ppmIAA+5.0ppm sucrose+1.0ppmAC.
D, take exercise and to take root seedling: seedling of taking root described in taking-up, washes away medium, carries out Sha Pei or earth culture, and pouring clear water keeps relative moisture >=80%, temperature 18-25 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 1500Lux; After 2-3 week, seedling grows side root, moves in flowerpot, continues pouring clear water until survive.
E, transplanting land for growing field crops: steps d is cultivated the seedling of taking root survived, move to land for growing field crops, after the growth 5-7 month, both obtain rootstock seedling.
Afterwards, described rootstock seedling is dug out, clean root, carry out root grafting.Described root grafting comprises:
A, root grafting: the described rootstock seedling taken out through stem's grafting is cleaned, choose healthy and strong side root clip tip, stay the trunk of 10cm; Then the side root choosing ripe 2-3 green apple, as scion, carries out grafting on the side root of described stock, is bandaged by otch after grafting.
B, root shaping: pile in shallow basin and bury, make soil layer a little more than basin edge, is positioned over by the stock grafted on described mound, and its root is across piling on high basin soil, and the native face of micro-dew, uses metal wire that winding root bar is carried out shaping.
C, cultivation: the plant after root Shape correction is put into cultivation canopy, cultivates under light illumination, described intensity of illumination is 1000-1500Lux.
After the described rootstock seedling that band carried out root grafting survives, transplant land for growing field crops and carry out strong sprout, carry out stem's grafting afterwards, the grafting of described stem comprises: the stem of described rootstock seedling pruned, and stays the trunk of 10cm, then chooses the bearing basal shoot of 2-3 green apple, clip 6cm is as scion, carry out grafting on stock, after grafting, otch is bandaged, the plant after grafting is put into and cultivates canopy and cultivate.
After stem's grafting survival, carry out limb shaping and root shaping, described limb shaping comprises bud picking, priming leaf and press strip; Described root shaping comprises cuts root, band girdle, bent root and twines root.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the embodiment described.
Claims (4)
1. a breeding method for small apple bonsai, comprises the tissue cultivating of stock, grafting, transplanting engagement, shaping and cultivation; It is characterized in that:
The tissue cultivating of described stock comprises the following steps:
A, clip bud point and inoculation: choosing branch vigorous apple seedling 3-5 month, clip has been sprouted the terminal bud of branch or axillalry bud, peels off surfoyl and disinfection, then strips growing point, be seeded in add BA and hydrolysed casein MS medium on;
B, cultivate and to take root preliminary seedling: under the bud growing point of step a inoculation is first placed in light, cultivate 5-15 days, then constant temperature lucifuge cultivates 5-15 days at 25-30 DEG C; Keep constant temperature between cultivation afterwards, illumination every day 8-12h, luminous intensity is 1000-1500Lux, treats more than height of seedling 3cm, has 10-15 sheet bottle green blade, preliminary seedling of must taking root;
C, cultivate and to take root seedling: be seeded on the first root media by described preliminary seedling of taking root, carry out light culture, described first prescription of rooting medium is MS vitamin+2.5ppmIBA+5.0ppm sucrose; After 7-10 days, move on the second root media and carry out illumination cultivation, described second prescription of rooting medium is MS vitamin+2.5ppmIAA+5.0ppm sucrose+1.0ppmAC;
D, take exercise and to take root seedling: seedling of taking root described in taking-up, washes away medium, carries out Sha Pei or earth culture, and pouring clear water keeps relative moisture >=80%, temperature 18-25 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 1000-1500Lux; After 2-3 week, seedling grows side root, moves in flowerpot, continues pouring clear water until survive;
E, transplanting land for growing field crops: steps d is cultivated the seedling of taking root survived, move to land for growing field crops, after the growth 5-7 month, namely obtain rootstock seedling;
Described grafting carries out root grafting after being included in stem's grafting.
2. the breeding method of small apple bonsai as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described root grafting comprises:
A, root grafting: the described rootstock seedling taken out through stem's grafting is cleaned, choose healthy and strong side root clip tip, stay the trunk of 5-10cm; Then the side root choosing ripe 2-3 green apple, as scion, carries out grafting on the side root of described stock, is bandaged by otch after grafting;
B, root shaping: pile in shallow basin and bury, make soil layer a little more than basin edge, be positioned on mound by the stock grafted, and its root is across piling on high basin soil, and the native face of micro-dew, uses metal wire to be wound around root bar and carry out shaping;
C, cultivation: the plant after root Shape correction is put into cultivation canopy, cultivates under light illumination, described intensity of illumination is 1000-1500Lux.
3. the breeding method of small apple bonsai as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the grafting of described stem comprises: the stem of described rootstock seedling pruned, stay the trunk of 10-20cm, then choose the bearing basal shoot of 2-3 green apple, clip 6-10cm, as scion, carries out grafting on stock, after grafting, otch is bandaged, the plant after grafting is put into and cultivates canopy and cultivate.
4. the breeding method of small apple bonsai as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described shaping comprises limb shaping and root shaping, and described limb shaping comprises bud picking, priming leaf and press strip; Described root shaping comprises cuts root, band girdle, bent root and twines root.
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| CN104041334B (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2015-02-18 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for rapidly making tea trees into bonsai |
| CN106258258A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2017-01-04 | 蒋寿春 | A kind of miniascape grafted root cultivating method |
| CN109418155A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-03-05 | 强宁侠 | A kind of breeding method of small apple bonsai |
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| JP4661178B2 (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2011-03-30 | 日本製紙株式会社 | Plant production method |
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