CN103616900A - Solar tracking device and control method - Google Patents
Solar tracking device and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103616900A CN103616900A CN201310664565.5A CN201310664565A CN103616900A CN 103616900 A CN103616900 A CN 103616900A CN 201310664565 A CN201310664565 A CN 201310664565A CN 103616900 A CN103616900 A CN 103616900A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a solar tracking device and a control method. The solar tracking device is provided with a base and a motor fixed on the base through a bolt, a support is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the motor, a solar panel is arranged on the support in a supporting mode, the bottom edge of the solar panel is in contact connection with the base through balls, the solar tracking device further comprises a controller for controlling the motor to work, the signal input end of the controller is connected with an output electrode of the solar panel through a wire, the power output end of the controller is connected with the power input end of the motor through a power line, and the control signal output end of the controller is connected with the control signal input end of the motor through a signal line. The control method includes the steps of conducting angle adjustment according to the output power of the solar panel, and controlling sunlight to perpendicularly irradiate the solar panel always. According to the solar tracking device and the control method, the solar power generation rate can be improved, more than 20% of power can be generated compared with solar cells at the fixed positions, a system is simple and easy to achieve, convenience is brought to use, the performance cost ratio is high, and the electric power cost of remote areas, power shortage areas and temporary power utilization conditions can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy system.Particularly relate to a kind of solar tracking apparatus for photovoltaic off-grid electricity generation system and control method.
Background technology
Today day by day in short supply at the energy, environmental pollution is day by day serious, find the emphasis that new forms of energy and clean energy resource have become countries in the world scientist work, wherein the utilization of sun power is to clean the most reasonably.Along with maturation and the perfect technology of technology, photovoltaic industry can commercialization, and its cost is more and more lower, and efficiency is more and more higher, substantially meets daily life application.
Solar cell only at sunshine vertical irradiation on solar panel, handy sun power that could maximal efficiency, in order to address this problem, existing existing solar tracking apparatus, for guaranteeing that sunshine vertical irradiation is at solar panel.But existing solar tracking apparatus, complex structure, cost of manufacture is high.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, solar tracking apparatus and the control method being convenient to making and using.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of solar tracking apparatus, include base and be bolted on the motor on base, on the output shaft of described motor, be fixedly connected with support, described support upper support be provided with solar panel, the base of described solar panel is connected with described base contact by ball, also be provided with for controlling the controller of machine operation, the signal input part of described controller connects the output electrode of described solar panel by wire, the power output end of described controller connects the power input of motor by power lead, the control signal output terminal of described controller connects the control signal input end of motor by signal wire.
The base of described solar panel is provided with the cutting ferrule that Open Side Down, and described ball is rotatable to be embedded in described cutting ferrule.
Described support is to be fixedly connected with the output shaft of described motor by pin.
Described controller adopts microprocessor.
The output electrode of described solar panel connects wire by terminal box.
Described motor is stepper motor.
A control method for solar tracking apparatus, comprising:
1) controller detects and obtains voltage and current value the current electric energy of the solar panel output receiving, and calculates current power value Pa, and storage;
2) after 30 minutes, controller detects again to the electric energy of solar panel output, obtains voltage and current value, and the performance number of calculating is now Pb;
3) the performance number Pa and the step 2 that step 1) are obtained) the performance number Pb that obtains compares, and when performance number Pa is greater than performance number Pb, returns to step 1), otherwise, enter step 4);
4) control motor and turn left after the angle of a setting, detect and obtain performance number Pc;
5) the performance number Pa that performance number Pc step 4) being obtained and step 1) obtain compares, and enters step 6) when performance number Pa is greater than performance number Pc, otherwise, return to step 1);
6) control motor and turn right after the angle of setting in the step 4 of 2 times, detect and obtain performance number Pd;
7) the performance number Pa that performance number Pd step 6) being obtained and step 1) obtain compares, and enters step 8) when performance number Pa is greater than performance number Pc, otherwise, return to step 1);
8) the performance number Pd, the step 2 that step 6) are obtained) the performance number Pc that obtains of the performance number Pb that obtains and step 4) compares, if performance number Pd is maximal value wherein, returns to step 1), otherwise enter step 9);
9) by step 2) the performance number Pd that obtains of the performance number Pb obtaining, the performance number Pc that step 4) obtains and step 6) compares, if performance number Pb is maximal value wherein, controlling motor turns left after the angle setting in step 4) and returns to step 1), otherwise, control motor and turn left after the angle of setting in the step 4 of 2 times and return to step 1).
Set angle described in step 4) is 8 °～15 ° angles.
A kind of solar tracking apparatus of the present invention and control method, can improve solar electrical energy generation rate than fixed position solar cell how about 20%, and system is simply easy to realize, easy to use, cost performance is high, can effectively reduce remote districts, the power cost of power-shortage area and temporary electricity situation, has higher practical value and social value.The present invention will significantly promote the utilization of regenerative resource, for realizing the major transformation of the online of photovoltaic generation par and energy structure, has established solid foundation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one-piece construction schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the inventive method.
In figure
1: solar panel 2: terminal box
3: support 4: pin
5: ball 6: motor
7: controller 8: base
9: bolt 10: output shaft
11: wire 12: cutting ferrule
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, a kind of solar tracking apparatus of the present invention and control method are described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of solar tracking apparatus of the present invention, includes base 8 and is fixed on the motor 6 on base 8 by bolt 9, and described motor 6 is stepper motor.On the output shaft 10 of described motor 6, be fixedly connected with support 3, the support that described support 3 is right-angle triangle, one of them right-angle side is fixedly connected with the output shaft 10 of described motor 6 by pin 4.The hypotenuse upper support of described support 3 be provided with solar panel 1, described solar panel 1 is to adopt high efficiency polysilicon solar cell plate.The base of described solar panel 1 is connected with described base 8 contacts by ball 5, specifically on the base of described solar panel 1, be provided with the how semicircular cutting ferrule 12 that Open Side Down, and the slightly larger in diameter of described cutting ferrule 12 is in the diameter of ball 5, and the opening diameter of described cutting ferrule 12 is slightly less than the diameter of ball 5.Described ball 5 is rotatable to be embedded in described cutting ferrule 12, and when motor 6 drives solar panel 1 rotation, described ball 5 support solar cell panels 1 move on described base 8.
Also be provided with for controlling the controller 7 of motor 6 work, described controller 7 adopts microprocessor.The model of described microprocessor can adopt the super low power consuming single chip processor MSP430F425 of Texas Instrument or Taiwan to close the microprocessor of safe biproduct somatotype single-chip microcomputer HT46R72D-1A or the low-power consumption of Atmel company, High Performance SCM AT89S52.The signal input part of described controller 7 connects the output electrode of described solar panel 1 by wire 11, the output electrode of described solar panel 1 connects wire 11 by being arranged on the terminal box 2 at its back side.The power output end of described controller 7 connects the power input of motor 6 by power lead, the control signal output terminal of described controller 7 connects the control signal input end of motor 6 by signal wire.
The present embodiment adopts the super low power consuming single chip processor MSP430F425 of built-in high-precision adc to make microprocessor, uses the software administration whole system supporting with accumulator cell charging and discharging curve, the serviceable life of effectively improving solar energy utilization ratio and accumulator.
Control method for solar tracking apparatus of the present invention, comprising:
1) controller detects and obtains voltage and current value the current electric energy of the solar panel output receiving, and calculates current power value Pa, and storage;
2) after 30 minutes, controller detects again to the electric energy of solar panel output, obtains voltage and current value, and the performance number of calculating is now Pb;
3) the performance number Pa and the step 2 that step 1) are obtained) the performance number Pb that obtains compares, and when performance number Pa is greater than performance number Pb, returns to step 1), otherwise, enter step 4);
4) control motor and turn left after the angle of a setting, detect and obtain performance number Pc, set angle described here is 8 °～15 ° angles, and the present embodiment selects 10 ° of angles;
5) the performance number Pa that performance number Pc step 4) being obtained and step 1) obtain compares, and enters step 6) when performance number Pa is greater than performance number Pc, otherwise, return to step 1);
6) control motor i.e. 16 °～30 ° angles of the angle set in the step 4 of 2 times of turning right, the present embodiment selects 20 ° of angles, then detects and obtains performance number Pd;
7) the performance number Pa that performance number Pd step 6) being obtained and step 1) obtain compares, and enters step 8) when performance number Pa is greater than performance number Pc, otherwise, return to step 1);
8) the performance number Pd, the step 2 that step 6) are obtained) the performance number Pc three that obtains of the performance number Pb that obtains and step 4) compares, if performance number Pd is the maximal value in three, returns to step 1), otherwise enter step 9);
9) by step 2) the performance number Pd three that obtains of the performance number Pb obtaining, the performance number Pc that step 4) obtains and step 6) compares, if performance number Pb is the maximal value in three, control the angle that motor is turned left and set in step 4), 8 °～15 ° angles, the present embodiment selects 10 ° of angles, then return to step 1), otherwise, control the angle that motor is turned left and set in the step 4 of 2 times, 16 °～30 ° angles, the present embodiment selects 20 ° of angles, then returns to step 1).
The course of work of a kind of solar tracking apparatus of the present invention and control method is as follows:
Solar panel is collected sun power and is converted into electric energy and inputs to controller by terminal box, and the electric energy that controller is sent here solar cell carries out power detection, measures its voltage and current, and calculates, and result of calculation storage is standby.After 30 minutes, the electric energy that controller is sent here solar cell again carries out power detection, and the result of result of calculation and last stored is contrasted, if once large before a rear power ratio, solar cell angle does not adjust, and motor does not turn; Otherwise, solar cell will carry out angular setting, controller carries turn signal to motor, by the motor 10 ° of angles that turn left, and the electric energy that solar cell is sent here carries out power detection again, and contrast with the result of having stored, if once large before current power ratio, solar cell angle no longer adjusts, and motor does not turn; Otherwise, the solar cell 20 ° of angles that turn right, and the electric energy that continues solar cell to send here detects, result of calculation continues and has stored standby result comparison, until performance number is than the performance number of storage when large, motor stalling, and performance number is now counted to the memory ready of controller.
Solar-tracking system is regularly to detect, and interval certain hour (this time can be set at controller) carries out the power detection of electric energy to solar panel, if once larger than front, angle is motionless; Otherwise, solar cell is turned an angle and is contrasted, until more powerful position.
Meanwhile, free function in controller, when night, system stops self-timing and detects, and continues regularly to detect during daytime, can reduce system power dissipation like this.
It is much more about 20% than fixed position solar cell that application whole system can improve solar electrical energy generation rate, and system is simply easy to realize, and has very large practical value.
Claims (8)
1. a solar tracking apparatus, include base (8) and be fixed on the motor (6) on base (8) by bolt (9), it is characterized in that, on the output shaft (10) of described motor (6), be fixedly connected with support (3), described support (3) upper support be provided with solar panel (1), the base of described solar panel (1) is connected with described base (8) contact by ball (5), also be provided with for controlling the controller (7) of motor (6) work, the signal input part of described controller (7) connects the output electrode of described solar panel (1) by wire (11), the power output end of described controller (7) connects the power input of motor (6) by power lead, the control signal output terminal of described controller (7) connects the control signal input end of motor (6) by signal wire.
2. a kind of solar tracking apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the base of described solar panel (1) is provided with the cutting ferrule that Open Side Down (12), and described ball (5) is rotatable to be embedded in described cutting ferrule (12).
3. a kind of solar tracking apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described support (3) is to be fixedly connected with the output shaft (10) of described motor (6) by pin (4).
4. a kind of solar tracking apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described controller (7) adopts microprocessor.
5. a kind of solar tracking apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the output electrode of described solar panel (1) connects wire (11) by terminal box (2).
6. a kind of solar tracking apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described motor (6) is stepper motor.
7. for a control method for a kind of solar tracking apparatus described in claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, comprising:
1) controller detects and obtains voltage and current value the current electric energy of the solar panel output receiving, and calculates current power value Pa, and storage;
2) after 30 minutes, controller detects again to the electric energy of solar panel output, obtains voltage and current value, and the performance number of calculating is now Pb;
3) the performance number Pa and the step 2 that step 1) are obtained) the performance number Pb that obtains compares, and when performance number Pa is greater than performance number Pb, returns to step 1), otherwise, enter step 4);
4) control motor and turn left after the angle of a setting, detect and obtain performance number Pc;
5) the performance number Pa that performance number Pc step 4) being obtained and step 1) obtain compares, and enters step 6) when performance number Pa is greater than performance number Pc, otherwise, return to step 1);
6) control motor and turn right after the angle of setting in the step 4 of 2 times, detect and obtain performance number Pd;
7) the performance number Pa that performance number Pd step 6) being obtained and step 1) obtain compares, and enters step 8) when performance number Pa is greater than performance number Pc, otherwise, return to step 1);
8) the performance number Pd, the step 2 that step 6) are obtained) the performance number Pc that obtains of the performance number Pb that obtains and step 4) compares, if performance number Pd is maximal value wherein, returns to step 1), otherwise enter step 9);
9) by step 2) the performance number Pd that obtains of the performance number Pb obtaining, the performance number Pc that step 4) obtains and step 6) compares, if performance number Pb is maximal value wherein, controlling motor turns left after the angle setting in step 4) and returns to step 1), otherwise, control motor and turn left after the angle of setting in the step 4 of 2 times and return to step 1).
8. control method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the set angle described in step 4) is 8 °～15 ° angles.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310664565.5A CN103616900A (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2013-12-09 | Solar tracking device and control method |
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| CN201310664565.5A CN103616900A (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2013-12-09 | Solar tracking device and control method |
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| CN103616900A true CN103616900A (en) | 2014-03-05 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104503485A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-08 | 四川钟顺太阳能开发有限公司 | Tracking method for single-axis tracking of solar line condensation component |
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| EP2565935A1 (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2013-03-06 | Raon Tech Co., Ltd. | Solar cell module support assembly |
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Application publication date: 20140305 |