CN103616157B - The quiet calibration system of wind-tunnel balance body axle system and method - Google Patents

The quiet calibration system of wind-tunnel balance body axle system and method Download PDF

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CN103616157B
CN103616157B CN201310717915.XA CN201310717915A CN103616157B CN 103616157 B CN103616157 B CN 103616157B CN 201310717915 A CN201310717915 A CN 201310717915A CN 103616157 B CN103616157 B CN 103616157B
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balance
load
body axle
loading head
axle system
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CN103616157A (en
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宫建
文帅
熊琳
王金印
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China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics CAAA
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Abstract

The invention provides the quiet calibration system of a kind of wind-tunnel balance body axle system and method, this system comprises: rigid base, for providing stable support; Pole, described rigid base is fixed in one end, and the other end is used for being connected with one end of balance; Loading head, for replacing model, is connected to the model link of balance; Displacement transducer, totally seven, for measuring displacement of the lines and the angular displacement in day flat edge three directions, seven institute's displacement sensors are around the balance school heart, be arranged symmetrically with along three directions, two institute's displacement sensors are respectively arranged in each direction, arrange institute's displacement sensors vertically; Load generation device, is connected by web member with described loading head, with to described loading head imposed load.Structure of the present invention is simple, cost-saving; Improving quiet school efficiency, shorten the alignment time, is a kind of simple possible static calibration of balance scheme that precision is high again really.

Description

The quiet calibration system of wind-tunnel balance body axle system and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to Multifunctional supporting device for force balance calibration field, specifically, the present invention be more particularly directed to the quiet calibration system of a kind of wind-tunnel balance body axle system and method.
Background technology
At present, the test of wind-tunnel typical load cell needs the size carrying out aerodynamic loading suffered by measurement model with wind-tunnel strain gauge balance.Before the test, need with balance calibration system demarcate load and balance output signal between relation, namely test model is simulated in wind-tunnel to the loading of balance, known force and moment is applied to balance, obtain the relation that known force and moment and balance export, i.e. balance formula, and measurement accuracy when determining static calibration of balance and precision.
Balance calibration method mainly contains two kinds: ground Shafting correction and body Shafting correction.Ground Shafting correction does not consider the stress deformation of balance in loading procedure, and its structure is simple, but there is many problems, has the source of error that cannot eliminate.Generally all adopt body Shafting correction now, body axle system then more correctly analogy model to the loading of balance, and the most frequently used in body axle method be repositioning, reset to the earth's axis when loading by balance body axle to fasten at every turn, the machinery of this method and control section complex structure, build and maintenance cost high, and calibration efficiency is lower.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the quiet calibration system of a kind of wind-tunnel balance body axle system and method, to solve that prior art exists or to have the source of error that cannot eliminate, or complex structure, the problem such as cost is high, efficiency is low.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides the quiet calibration system of a kind of wind-tunnel balance body axle system, its technical scheme is:
The quiet calibration system of a kind of wind-tunnel balance body axle system, comprising: rigid base, for providing stable support; Pole, described rigid base is fixed in one end, and the other end is used for being connected with one end of balance; Loading head, for replacing model, is connected to the model link of balance; Displacement transducer, totally seven, for measuring displacement of the lines and the angular displacement in day flat edge three directions, seven institute's displacement sensors are around the balance school heart, be arranged symmetrically with along three directions, two institute's displacement sensors are respectively arranged in each direction, arrange institute's displacement sensors vertically; Load generation device, is connected by web member with described loading head, with to described loading head imposed load.
Based on the quiet calibration system of above-mentioned wind-tunnel balance body axle system of the present invention, preferably, institute's displacement sensors is laser displacement sensor.
Based on the quiet calibration system of above-mentioned wind-tunnel balance body axle system of the present invention, preferably, described load generation device is counterweight or forcer.
Based on the quiet calibration system of above-mentioned wind-tunnel balance body axle system of the present invention, preferably, described web member is bracing wire, steel band or lever.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides the quiet calibration method of a kind of wind-tunnel balance body axle system, its technical scheme is:
The quiet calibration method of a kind of wind-tunnel balance body axle system, it comprises the following steps: first step, is fixed by balance, and one end that balance is used for being connected with model is connected with loading head, and loading head connects the load(ing) point in all directions; Second step, at loading head all directions repeatedly imposed load, measures the displacement of loading head all directions, in conjunction with the load value that all directions apply, calculates load value suffered by balance body axle system all directions; Third step, according to each output loading balance and the body axle system load value calculated, solves the relational expression between balance output and load.
Based on the quiet calibration method of above-mentioned wind-tunnel balance body axle system of the present invention, preferably, described second step is further comprising the steps: the 21 step, the angle that the earth's axis system calculating balance body axle system and load(ing) point produces; Two or two step, calculates the angle between the line of loading head and load(ing) point and earth's axis system; Two or three step, utilize above-mentioned each angle calculated, the load map earth's axis fastened is fastened to body axle, calculates the component of force and moment in balance body axle system all directions on each direction, then by these component synthesis, realizes three-dimensional system of coordinate conversion.
Based on the quiet calibration method of above-mentioned wind-tunnel balance body axle system of the present invention, preferably, in third step, solve the relational expression between balance output and load by least-square fitting approach.
Based on the quiet calibration method of above-mentioned wind-tunnel balance body axle system of the present invention, preferably, described second step is further comprising the steps: the 201 step, measures the distance of each load(ing) point to the balance school heart; 202 step, determines the measuring point of balance displacement transducer, and measures measuring point to balance school heart distance; In the 21 step, balance body axle system is obtained to balance school heart distance, corresponding displacement calculation by measuring point to the angle that the earth's axis system of load(ing) point produces, in the two or two step, the angle between the line of loading head and load(ing) point and earth's axis system is by position translation amount, between loading head and load(ing) point, the length computation of line obtains.
Analyze known, the present invention is based on traditional earth's axis is quiet calibration method, measures the deflection of balance all directions respectively, is changed by the three-dimensional system of coordinate of complexity, load is projected in body axle system and goes, thus obtains the load capacity of all directions in body axle system.The means calculated by coordinate system replace the resetting system that complex structure is expensive again, just can omit complicated resetting-mechanism, and structure is simple, cost-saving; Improve quiet school efficiency, shorten the alignment time, visible, the present invention is a kind of simple possible static calibration of balance scheme that precision is high again really.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of present system embodiment (only comprising members);
Fig. 2 is the quiet calibration device schematic diagram of a concrete wind-tunnel balance embodiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further details.
Illustrating in advance, in order to be unlikely to the sense that generation repeats, will illustrate the quiet calibration system of wind-tunnel balance body axle system provided by the invention, method below simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 1, the quiet calibration system embodiment of wind-tunnel balance body axle system of the present invention mainly comprises pedestal 1, pole 2, loading head 4, displacement transducer, load generation device, is connected to web member between loading head 4 and load generation device.Preferably, displacement transducer is laser displacement sensor, as laser displacement sensor 61,62; Load generation device is counterweight, as counterweight 51, counterweight 52, therefore in the case of necessary, need arrange pulley 7 grade to change the direction of bracing wire 8; Web member is then bracing wire 8 etc.In other embodiments, load generation device also can for being connected to bracing wire 8 other end forcer; For connecting loading head, the web member of load generation device also can other can transmit the utensil of medium as displacement, angle for steel band or lever etc.
In the specific implementation, can with reference to following steps:
The first step, balance 3, pole 2 are arranged in fixing rigid base 1, make one end, the i.e. link of balance 3 and model, be connected with loading head 4 that (namely loading head is for replacing model, be connected to the model link of balance), loading head 4 connects the load(ing) point in all directions by modes such as bracing wires 8.
Second step, measures the distance of each load(ing) point to the balance school heart, i.e. bracing wire 8 equal length.
3rd step, seven laser displacement sensors such as layout laser displacement sensor 61,62 around loading head 4, each laser displacement sensor position is fixed.
Each laser displacement sensor is arranged around the balance school heart (point of intersection of coordinate axis X/Y) of balance 3, be arranged symmetrically with along three directions, each direction each two (in same direction, each one of the both sides of the balance school heart, as laser displacement sensor 61,62 is positioned at the coordinate axis Xd direction of earth's axis system, and occupy the both sides of the balance school heart); Arrange one vertically, totally seven, so arrange laser displacement sensor, balance 3 can be recorded along the displacement of the lines in three directions and angular displacement.
When balance stress deformation, laser displacement sensor can measure the displacement of loading head all directions.
4th step, the measuring point measuring each laser displacement sensor to balance school heart distance, as distance L1, L2.
5th step, balance 3 and laser displacement sensor 61,62 etc. are connected in computing machine by signal picker, can Real-time Collection and its voltage signal data of storage.
6th step, according to the load combinations allocated in advance, by counterweight 51,52 etc. at all directions imposed load, loads the voltage signal gathering balance 3 and laser displacement sensor 61,62 etc. steadily.
7th step, after obtaining the data of balance 3 and laser displacement sensor 61,62 etc., in conjunction with the load value that all directions apply, can calculate load value suffered by balance body axle system all directions, its computation process specifically comprises the 8th step, the 9th step below.
8th step, due to stress deformation, balance 3 relatively earth's axis system (by expressions such as coordinate axis Xd/Yd) creates the angular deflection in three directions, and cause balance body axle system (by expressions such as coordinate axis X/Y) to produce angle with the earth's axis system of load(ing) point, these angles can be recorded indirectly by laser displacement sensor.
Such as, in axial direction, balance angle of attack Δ α:
Δα=arctan[(h 2-h 1)/(L 1+L 2)],
Wherein, h 2, h 1the displacement that the laser displacement sensor 61,62 of two vertical direction records, L 1, L 2be the distance of laser spots apart from the balance school heart of these two laser displacement sensors 61,62, unit is rice.
9th step, due to stress deformation, balance 3 relatively earth's axis system produces the position translation in three directions, causes balance 3 and bracing wire 8 grade to produce angle, and the position translation amount that these angles record indirectly by laser displacement sensor and bracing wire length COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING obtain.
Such as, axial direction angle
Δθ y G 22 = arctan ( Δy / L G 22 )
Δy=-(h 1*L 2+h 2*L 1/(L 2+L 2)
Wherein, L θ 22for the bracing wire length of axial load G22, Δ y is the displacement of balance school heart vertical direction, and unit is rice.
Tenth step, utilize the 8th step, each angle that the 9th step calculates, the load map earth's axis fastened is fastened to body axle, calculates the component of force and moment in balance body axle system all directions on each direction, again by these component synthesis, just achieve three-dimensional system of coordinate conversion.
11 step, loads according to the load combinations pointwise allocated in advance, repeats the six to ten step, until loading is counted enough large.
12 step, load the magnitude of voltage that balance exports and the body axle system load value calculated according to each, solve the relational expression between voltage and load by iteration (such as least square fitting) method, i.e. balance formula, quiet school process terminates.
In order to the present invention is described in further detail, below in conjunction with concrete balance example, the present invention is described below:
For certain six COMPONENT BALANCE, its component is respectively axial force X, normal force Y, side force Z, rolling moment Mx, pitching moment Mz, yawing My, and as shown in Figure 1, concrete implementation step is as follows for its calibrating installation schematic diagram:
1, after load loads, balance can be calculated along the displacement of the lines amount in three directions and angular displacement Δ x, Δ y, Δ z, Δ α, Δ β, Δ γ by laser displacement sensor and its measuring point apart from balance school heart distance;
2, set displacement of the lines and the angular displacement m of balance, cause the angle that the bracing wire on n direction and balance produce known balance side-play amount and bracing wire length, namely can be regarded as to obtain its angle.Such as, be the angle that in Y direction, translational movement △ y causes the bracing wire in G22 direction and balance to produce.
3, for normal force Y-direction, the earth's axis system LOAD FOR formula of known Y is as follows:
Y=G 11+G 22+G 23+G 24-G 0
4, the angle between the body axle system obtained by step 1,2 and earth's axis system, is calculated the component of force and moment in balance body axle system Y-direction in each direction, then by these component synthesis, namely obtains following formula:
Y = - cos ( Δα - Δθ x G 0 ) * cos ( Δγ - Δθ z G 0 ) * G 0 + cos ( Δα ) * cos ( Δγ ) * G 22 + cos ( Δα ) * cos ( Δγ ) * G 22 + cos ( Δα ) * cos ( Δγ ) * G 23 + cos ( Δα ) * cos ( Δγ ) * G 24 + sin ( Δα - Δθ y G 21 ) * cos ( Δβ + Δθ z G 21 ) * G 21 - sin ( Δα + Δθ y G 22 ) * cos ( Δβ - Δθ z G 22 ) * G 22 - sin ( Δγ + Δθ y G 31 ) * cos ( Δβ + Δθ x G 31 ) * G 32 + sin ( Δγ - Δθ y G 32 - Δθ α G 32 ) * cos ( Δβ - Δθ x G 32 ) * G 32 + sin ( Δγ - Δθ y G 34 + Δθ α G 34 ) * cos ( Δβ - Δθ x G 34 ) * G 34
5, with reference to above-mentioned steps, in like manner can calculate the load value of body axle system other component X, Z, Mx, My, Mz, namely obtain the whole load of balance body axle system.
6, export ground voltage value and the body axle system load value that calculates simulate relational expression between voltage and load according to each balance that loads, i.e. balance formula, quiet school process terminates.
To sum up, the present invention is based on traditional earth's axis is quiet calibration method, measures the deflection of balance all directions respectively, is changed by the three-dimensional system of coordinate of complexity, load is projected in body axle system and goes, thus obtains the load capacity of all directions in body axle system.Compared with prior art, the present invention can obtain following advantage:
The basis of original ground Shafting correction adds balance deformation measurement and ordinate transform part, and to reach body Shafting correction object, its structure is simple, build and maintenance cost low, versatility is good.
Replace complicated resetting-mechanism with ordinate transform, and body Shafting correction effect can be reached, significantly simplify static calibration of balance device, and execution efficiency is high.
Avoid the error that resetting-mechanism is introduced, quiet school precision is high.
As known by the technical knowledge, the present invention can be realized by other the embodiment not departing from its Spirit Essence or essential feature.Therefore, above-mentioned disclosed embodiment, with regard to each side, all just illustrates, is not only.Within the scope of the present invention all or be all included in the invention being equal to the change in scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. the quiet calibration system of wind-tunnel balance body axle system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Rigid base, for providing stable support;
Pole, described rigid base is fixed in one end, and the other end is used for being connected with one end of balance;
Loading head, is connected to the model link of balance;
Displacement transducer, totally seven, for measuring displacement of the lines and the angular displacement in day flat edge three directions, seven institute's displacement sensors are around the balance school heart, be arranged symmetrically with along three directions, two institute's displacement sensors are respectively arranged in each direction, arrange institute's displacement sensors vertically;
Load generation device, is connected by web member with described loading head, with to described loading head imposed load.
2. the quiet calibration system of wind-tunnel balance body axle system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, institute's displacement sensors is laser displacement sensor.
3. the quiet calibration system of wind-tunnel balance body axle system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described load generation device is counterweight or forcer.
4. the quiet calibration system of wind-tunnel balance body axle system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described web member is bracing wire, steel band or lever.
5. the quiet calibration method of wind-tunnel balance body axle system, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
First step, fixes balance, and one end that balance is used for being connected with model is connected with loading head, and loading head connects the load(ing) point in all directions;
Second step, at loading head all directions repeatedly imposed load, measures the displacement of loading head all directions, in conjunction with the load value that all directions apply, calculates load value suffered by balance body axle system all directions;
Third step, according to each output loading balance and the body axle system load value calculated, solves the relational expression between balance output and load.
6. the quiet calibration method of wind-tunnel balance body axle system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described second step is further comprising the steps:
21 step, the angle that the earth's axis system calculating balance body axle system and load(ing) point produces;
Two or two step, calculates the angle between the line of loading head and load(ing) point and earth's axis system;
Two or three step, utilize above-mentioned each angle calculated, the load map earth's axis fastened is fastened to body axle, calculates the component of force and moment in balance body axle system all directions on each direction, then by these component synthesis, realizes three-dimensional system of coordinate conversion.
7. the quiet calibration method of wind-tunnel balance body axle system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in third step, solves the relational expression between balance output and load by least-square fitting approach.
8. the quiet calibration method of wind-tunnel balance body axle system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described second step is further comprising the steps:
201 step, measures the distance of each load(ing) point to the balance school heart;
202 step, determines the measuring point of balance displacement transducer, and measures measuring point to balance school heart distance;
In the 21 step, balance body axle system is obtained to balance school heart distance, corresponding displacement calculation by measuring point to the angle that the earth's axis system of load(ing) point produces;
In the two or two step, the angle between the line of loading head and load(ing) point and earth's axis system is by position translation amount, between loading head and load(ing) point, the length computation of line obtains.
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