CN104198113B - Double-end calibration device and calibration method - Google Patents
Double-end calibration device and calibration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104198113B CN104198113B CN201410476414.1A CN201410476414A CN104198113B CN 104198113 B CN104198113 B CN 104198113B CN 201410476414 A CN201410476414 A CN 201410476414A CN 104198113 B CN104198113 B CN 104198113B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double-end calibration device and a calibration method and belongs to the technical field of aerodynamic force measurement of aerospace force test. The double-end calibration device with the middle fixed and two ends free is used for calibration during force test of wind tunnel aerodynamic/kinematic coupling research. The double-end calibration device mainly comprises two sets of L-shaped sliders and loading heads which are used cooperatively, one end of the front L-shaped slider is connected with the front loading head while the other end of the same is connected with the front end of a double-end force measurement device, and the rear L-shaped slider is connected with the rear loading head while the other end of the same is connected with the rear end of the double-end force measurement device; the loading heads are four-point type frame loading heads, do not interference with each other in space and are used for applying longitudinal load; the L-shaped sliders are connecting pieces between the force measurement device and the loading heads, do not interference with each other in space, are provided with a pair of longitudinally-symmetrical resistance loading points, and are used for applying axial load. The problem about calibration of the double-end force measurement device in special test is solved, six components can be calibrated at most, and the device and the method are simple and feasible special force measurement device calibration schemes indeed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wind-tunnel aerodynamics force measurement engineering device technique field is and in particular to a kind of both-end calibrating installation and calibration side
Method.
Background technology
At present, need in extraordinary force test in wind tunnel to design special device for measuring force with aerodynamic loading suffered by measurement model
Size, direction and application point.Device for measuring force is required for before the test by calibrating installation imposed load, and according to certain step
Method is calibrated, to obtain the relational matrix of output signal and load, i.e. computing formula, and determine the synthetic error of device for measuring force.
Conventional calibration cartridge be equipped with slide block type, telescopic two kinds, general big load different with load according to the construction featuress of device for measuring force
Rod-type device for measuring force selects telescopic calibrating installation, and side crops industry device for measuring force selects slide block type calibrating installation.Extraordinary device for measuring force
Corresponding charger typically to be designed and explore accordingly new calibration steps, to meet test needs.For special test
Both-end device for measuring force cannot complete to calibrate with existing calibrating installation and calibration steps, and main cause is during this device for measuring force is
The free special construction in the fixing two ends in portion, generic calibration device and calibration steps can only calibrate one end fix, the other end free
Device for measuring force.
Content of the invention
The present invention, in order to solve the problems, such as the static calibration of both-end device for measuring force, provides a kind of both-end calibrating installation and calibration side
Method.
Adopt the following technical scheme that for achieving the above object
A kind of both-end calibrating installation, including the connectors of two opposition settings, the upper end of each connector be provided with for
The connecting hole of fixing tested device, connector upper end is provided with Resistance-load point and is used for loading axial load；Each connector
Lower end is provided with loading head, and the loading head of two connector lower end settings is spatially non-interference.
Connecting hole symmetric coaxial setting in technique scheme, on described two connectors.
In technique scheme, the Resistance-load point on described two connecting holes is longitudinally asymmetric.
In technique scheme, described loading head is square, each angle at four angles of loading head is passed through vertical
Connecting line connects a loading disc.
In technique scheme, described two connectors are " l " shape.
The present invention also provides a kind of calibration steps of both-end device for measuring force, and the method is:
The first step, fixes by the adjustment level of tested both-end device for measuring force and by fixing end, is respectively mounted two " l " shapes
Connector so that two connection ends of tested both-end device for measuring force are inserted in the connection in the hole on connector；
Second step, the moment adjusting two loading heads respectively loads center so as to fixing end two with both-end device for measuring force
Electrical centre projection in the horizontal plane in two, side overlaps, and connects all loading discs；
3rd step, the multiple imposed load of each loading disc of a connector and loading head wherein, collection both-end dynamometry dress
The important voltage output value put, calculates major event coefficient and interference term coefficient；
4th step, in the multiple imposed load of each loading disc of another connector and loading head, gathers both-end device for measuring force
Important voltage output value, calculate major event coefficient and interference term coefficient；
5th step, rotating around axial force direction rotation both-end device for measuring force 180 degree, 90 degree, 270 degree, the repetition first step, the
Three steps, the 4th step, calibrate the positive and negative direction of device for measuring force vertical and horizontal successively, and the voltage of final acquisition both-end device for measuring force is defeated
Go out the calculating matrix with load relation；
6th step, checking calculating matrix synthetic error, all load(ing) points vertical and horizontal load respectively by size with
The inspection load of machine distribution is multiple, calculation error index, obtains both-end device for measuring force measurement accuracy.
In the above-mentioned methods, described second step and the 3rd step individually load the two ends of both-end device for measuring force successively, respectively
Try to achieve both-end device for measuring force two ends and interfere coefficient.
In the above-mentioned methods, the 6th described step is all directions simultaneously loading both-end device for measuring force leading portion and back segment,
To obtain the synthetic error of both-end device for measuring force.
In the above-mentioned methods, the calibration steps of described both-end device for measuring force is using ground shafting calibration steps.
The invention has the characteristics that:
1st, the both-end calibrating installation of the present invention can achieve the simulation loading of the free extraordinary device for measuring force in the fixing two ends in middle part,
Pneumatic/the motion being applied to bullet class model couples the ground static calibration of device for measuring force before dynamometry special test.
2nd, breach conventional calibration device can only calibrate one end be fixing end, the other end be free end device for measuring force, adopt
Used cooperatively with two sets of loading heads, counterweight loads and do not interfere on time space.
3rd, the both-end calibrating installation structure of the present invention is simple, optimizes loss of weight using frame structure, and rigidity is lightweight greatly, both easily
In processing and assembling, reduce the impact to calibration result for the loading head weight again.
4th, the calibration steps of the both-end device for measuring force of the present invention is simple, using single-ended calibration and both-end integrated correction
Mode, has and accurately calibrates computing formula using acquisition.
Brief description
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the front view of the both-end calibrating installation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of the both-end calibrating installation of the present invention.
In figure: 1 is both-end device for measuring force, 11 is leading portion electrical centre, and 12 is back segment electrical centre, and 13 is fixing end, 21
" l " shape slide block before being, 22 is front loading head, and 31 is rear " l " shape slide block, and 32 is rear loading head.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the front view of the both-end calibrating installation of the present invention, and both-end calibrating installation of the present invention mainly includes two
Set " l " shape slide block and loading head, is used in conjunction with each other, wherein before " l " shape slide block one end be connected with front loading head, the other end with pair
End device for measuring force front end is connected；" l " shape slide block one end is connected with rear loading head afterwards, the other end and both-end device for measuring force rear end phase
Even；Described " l " shape slide block is connector between device for measuring force and loading head, and is provided with a pair longitudinally asymmetric resistance and adds
Loading point, this Resistance-load point in the horizontal plane that device for measuring force axial direction force direction is located, by tangent with this horizontal plane multigroup
Pulley applies axial load.
Fig. 2 is the top view of the both-end calibrating installation of the present invention, and in conjunction with Fig. 1, loading head of the present invention is four-point
Framework loading head, using layout type one in front and one in back, one on the other, makes loading code-disc spatially non-interference, is easy to profit
Use standard test weight imposed load；Described both-end calibrating installation is longitudinally asymmetric, to reduce the mushing error of unsymmetric structure introducing.
This example is with four components (lift, pitching moment, side force and yawing, totally 8 groups of differential voltage output signals)
The calibration of both-end device for measuring force as a example, specific implementation step is described:
(1) fixing end of both-end device for measuring force is fixed on calibrated mount, normal force positive direction upwards, needs to lead to if necessary
Crossing suitable joint to connect it is ensured that connecting reliable, making the axle of both-end device for measuring force by optical instruments such as level gauge, dipmeters
Line in the horizontal plane, 8 groups of differential voltage output signals of both-end device for measuring force are connected with acquisition system it is ensured that sense with
The coordinate system direction of regulation is consistent, and initial reading is stable；
(2) before installing, " l " shape slide block and front loading head be to both-end device for measuring force front end, " l " shape slide block and rear add after installation
Carrier head, to both-end device for measuring force rear end, makes longitudinally asymmetric load(ing) point be in by optical instruments such as level gauge, dipmeters same
In one horizontal plane, there is not roll angle, flange connects, screw tension；
(3) method by loading lift and pitching moment determines that loading head centre of moment offsets the distance of electrical centre,
And adjust respectively accordingly forward and backward loading head moment load center so as to the leading portion electrical centre of both-end device for measuring force and back segment
Electrical centre projection in the horizontal plane overlaps, and error is less than 0.2mm, and measure respectively forward and backward loading head centre of moment away from
With a distance from both-end device for measuring force 1 end face, as calibration center moment reference length；
(4) repeatedly apply step loading on four loading discs of front loading head, gather all points of both-end device for measuring force
The voltage output value of amount, calculates leading portion major event coefficient and the once interference term coefficient to back segment of both-end device for measuring force；
(5) repeatedly apply step loading on four loading discs of rear loading head, gather all points of both-end device for measuring force
The voltage output value of amount, calculates back segment major event coefficient and the once interference term coefficient to leading portion of both-end device for measuring force；
For four component force devices, often carry out the sing1e unit calibration of one-component, after being calculated using least square fitting,
Major event coefficient and a calibration interference coefficient to other seven groups of voltage signals for the component of current alignment component can be obtained.
(6) rotating around axial force direction rotation both-end device for measuring force 180 degree, 90 degree, 270 degree, repetition (1st), (2),
(4), (5) step, calibration device for measuring force longitudinal direction positive direction and laterally positive and negative direction successively, each coefficient for positive negative direction adopts
Averaging method obtains final coefficient.
The final voltage output obtaining both-end device for measuring force and the calculating matrix of load relation, as shown in table 1；
Certain four component both-end device for measuring force calibration formula of table 1
| y1 | mz1 | y2 | mz2 | z1 | my1 | z2 | my2 | |
| u-uo | 173.65 | 3.6726 | 225.65 | 3.7278 | 368.61 | 1.5785 | 460.55 | 2.0101 |
| y1 | - | 0.06499 | -0.07066 | -0.002546 | 0.08900 | -0.0002905 | 0.008688 | -9.185e-06 |
| mz1 | -0.5318 | - | 0.7802 | 0.02520 | 0.1275 | 0.002553 | -0.09546 | -0.0005781 |
| y2 | -0.07800 | 0.002433 | - | -0.06551 | 0.004347 | 9.010e-05 | 0.1303 | 0.0001293 |
| mz2 | -0.7418 | 0.01740 | 1.272 | - | 0.5341 | -0.001773 | -0.1436 | 0.001574 |
| z1 | 0.002940 | -0.0004797 | 0.004877 | 0.0002779 | - | -0.06683 | -0.06411 | 0.001789 |
| my1 | -0.1281 | -0.01732 | 0.002760 | 0.0003628 | -1.738 | - | -0.9222 | 0.02631 |
| z2 | 0.002128 | -0.0001325 | 0.0007873 | -4.915e-05 | -0.03560 | -0.0005834 | - | 0.06717 |
| my2 | -0.02678 | 0.001074 | 0.2619 | -0.007292 | 0.6095 | 0.01209 | -2.7623 | - |
(7) verify the synthetic error of calculating matrix, all load(ing) points adopt orthogonal method to arrange 15 groups of inspection load, vertical
Load by inspection load to horizontal loading respectively, calculate the error between each component measurement value and loading counterweight, and calculate
The root-mean-square of error, obtains both-end device for measuring force composite measurement error.
In wind tunnel test, each component calculates the aerodynamic resultant of forward and backward two segment models by following formula:
The Computing Principle of six component force devices of similar structures and step are with four component both-end dynamometry in examples detailed above
Device, here does not just describe one by one.
The technology that the unspecified part of the present invention is known to the skilled person.
The invention is not limited in aforesaid specific embodiment.The present invention expands to and any discloses in this manual
New feature or any new combination, and the arbitrary new method of disclosure or the step of process or any new combination.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of both-end calibrating installation is it is characterised in that include the connector of two opposition settings, the upper end of each connector sets
It is equipped with the connecting hole for fixing tested device, connector upper end is provided with Resistance-load point and is used for loading axial load；Each
The lower end of connector is provided with loading head, and the loading head of two connector lower end settings is spatially non-interference.
2. a kind of both-end calibrating installation according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that connecting hole on described two connector
Symmetric coaxial is arranged.
3. a kind of both-end calibrating installation according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the resistance of described two connector upper end
Load(ing) point is longitudinally asymmetric.
4. a kind of both-end calibrating installation according to claim 1 it is characterised in that described loading head be square, loading head
A loading disc is connected by vertical connection lines on each angle at four angles.
5. a kind of both-end calibrating installation according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described two connector is " l " shape.
6. a kind of calibration steps of both-end device for measuring force is it is characterised in that the method is:
The first step, fixes by tested both-end device for measuring force adjustment level and by fixing end, is respectively mounted the connection of two " l " shapes
Part, so that two connection ends of tested both-end device for measuring force are inserted in the connection in the hole on connector, uses spiral shell after adjustment level
Bolt fastens；
Second step, the moment adjusting two loading heads respectively loads center so as to fixing end both sides two with both-end device for measuring force
The projection in the horizontal plane of individual electrical centre overlaps, and connects all loading discs；
3rd step, the multiple imposed load of each loading disc of a connector and loading head wherein, collection both-end device for measuring force
Important voltage output value, calculate major event coefficient and interference term coefficient；
4th step, in the multiple imposed load of each loading disc of another connector and loading head, gathers the institute of both-end device for measuring force
Important voltage output value, calculates major event coefficient and interference term coefficient；
5th step, rotating around axial force direction rotation both-end device for measuring force 180 degree, 90 degree, 270 degree, repetition the first step, the 3rd
Step, the 4th step, calibrate the positive and negative direction of device for measuring force vertical and horizontal, the final voltage output obtaining both-end device for measuring force successively
Calculating matrix with load relation；
6th step, the synthetic error of checking calculating matrix, all load(ing) points load respectively in vertical and horizontal and divide at random by size
The inspection load of cloth is multiple, calculation error index, obtains both-end device for measuring force measurement accuracy.
7. a kind of both-end device for measuring force according to claim 6 calibration steps it is characterised in that: described second step and
3rd step individually loads the two ends of both-end device for measuring force successively, tries to achieve both-end device for measuring force two ends respectively and interferes coefficient.
8. a kind of both-end device for measuring force according to claim 6 calibration steps it is characterised in that: the 6th described step is
Load all directions of both-end device for measuring force leading portion and back segment, to obtain the synthetic error of both-end device for measuring force simultaneously.
9. a kind of both-end device for measuring force according to claim 6 calibration steps it is characterised in that: described both-end dynamometry
The calibration steps of device is using ground shafting calibration steps.
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