CN107515109B - A kind of total load measuring method of testpieces - Google Patents
A kind of total load measuring method of testpieces Download PDFInfo
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- CN107515109B CN107515109B CN201710662055.2A CN201710662055A CN107515109B CN 107515109 B CN107515109 B CN 107515109B CN 201710662055 A CN201710662055 A CN 201710662055A CN 107515109 B CN107515109 B CN 107515109B
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- testpieces
- pull rod
- dynamometry pull
- dynamometry
- load
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of total load measuring methods of testpieces, belong to Aeronautical Test Technology field comprising step 1: arranging that multiple dynamometry pull rods make testpieces be in static determinacy state on testpieces；Step 2: testing testpieces, obtains the active force along dynamometry pull rod axial direction by dynamometry pull rod；Step 3: total load of testpieces is obtained according to the position of dynamometry pull rod and Calculation of the force.Testpieces measurement method of the invention can effectively measure the testpieces in the particular surroundings such as high temperature, high pressure and corrosion, using non-contact survey support method, the adjustable unidirectional dynamometry pull rod of more root long degree, dispersed placement are selected, a statically determinate system is constructed, common tension and compression load cell is used；Far from testpieces end, reduce testpieces environment influences position；Different ranges and precision are used, as needed to improve measurement result accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Aviation Test fields, and in particular to a kind of total load measuring method of testpieces.
Background technique
In testpieces load measurement, there are many load objects of surveying to be in high temperature, (example among the particular surroundings such as high pressure and corrosion
Such as: engine jet pipe testpieces is in power-on condition).The locating environment of testpieces itself carries component to survey, such as passes
The measurement result of the devices such as sensor, foil gauge can have a huge impact, easily lead to measurement result it is unusual or survey carry component damage
It is bad.Load measurement is carried out according to special test equipment to such testpieces, then causes experimentation cost to sharply increase, and test
As a result the problems such as not high there is also validity.
Just encounter similar problems in certain h type engine h jet pipe load measurement, jet pipe be in high temperature and high pressure environment it
In, when being mounted directly tension-compression sensor progress load measurement, since the influence sensor of high temperature and pressure can not work normally.Therefore
Needing one kind, cost is relatively low, moreover it is possible to total support method of accurate measurement nozzle.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of total load measuring methods of testpieces, are in harsh ring in the prior art for solving
Testpieces measurement under border or measurement cost is high or the problem of measurement accuracy inaccuracy.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of total load measuring method of testpieces comprising
Step 1: arrange that multiple dynamometry pull rods make testpieces be in static determinacy state on testpieces；
Step 2: testing testpieces, obtains the active force along dynamometry pull rod axial direction by dynamometry pull rod；
Step 3: total load of testpieces is obtained according to the position of dynamometry pull rod and Calculation of the force.
Further, in step 1, the quantity of the dynamometry pull rod is six, respectively dynamometry pull rod G1 to dynamometry pull rod
G6。
Further, the dynamometry pull rod is arranged according to the following rules:
Firstly, establishing coordinate system: using the center of circle first end face A of testpieces as origin, along testpieces axis from first end face A
It is course x to the direction of second end face B, is referred to the outer direction by origin for lateral y, perpendicular to course x and side in first end face A
The direction of the plane constituted to y is vertical z；
Later, arrange dynamometry pull rod: the installation point coordinate of dynamometry pull rod G1 to dynamometry pull rod G6 and testing machine be followed successively by (0,
0,-d/2)、(0,d/2,0)、(0,y31,z31)、(0,-y31,z31), (l, 0, d/2), (l, d/2,0), the measurement of dynamometry pull rod G1
Be oriented parallel to course x, dynamometry pull rod G2, dynamometry pull rod G6 measurement direction be parallel to lateral y, dynamometry pull rod G3, dynamometry are drawn
The measurement direction of bar G4 and dynamometry pull rod G5 are parallel to vertical z；
Wherein, d is testpieces radius, and l is testpieces along course length.
Further, the active force includes pressure and pulling force.
Further, total carry includes course directed force Fx, lateral force FyWith vertical directed force FzAnd course
Moment Mx, lateral moment MyWith vertical bending Mz；
Testpieces course power Fx=-F1；
Testpieces lateral force Fy=-(F2+F6)；
Testpieces vertical force FZ=F3+F4+F5；
Testpieces course torque Mx=F4*|Y31|-F3*|-Y31|；
The lateral moment M of testpiecesy=F1*d/2-F5*l；
Testpieces vertical bending Mz=-F6*l；
Wherein, dynamometry pull rod G1 measures load and is denoted as F1, dynamometry pull rod G2 measurement load be denoted as F2, dynamometry pull rod G3 measurement
Load is denoted as F3, dynamometry pull rod G4 measurement load be denoted as F4, dynamometry pull rod G5 measurement load be denoted as F5, dynamometry pull rod G6 measurement load
Lotus is denoted as F6, all equal tensions of load are positive, and compression is negative.
Testpieces measurement method of the invention can have the testpieces in the particular surroundings such as high temperature, high pressure and corrosion
The measurement of effect selects the adjustable unidirectional dynamometry pull rod of more root long degree using non-contact survey support method, and dispersed placement constructs a static determinacy
System uses common tension and compression load cell；Far from testpieces end, reduce testpieces environment influences position；As needed
Using different ranges and precision, to improve measurement result accuracy.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and forms part of this specification, and shows and meets implementation of the invention
Example, and be used to explain the principle of the present invention together with specification.
Fig. 1 is the dynamometry pull rod schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the dynamometry pull rod arrangement schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Appended drawing reference；
The first ball bearing of 1-, 2- locking nut, 3- tension-compression sensor, 4- dynamometer link, 5- pull rod transition axis, 6- the second ball axis
It holds, 10- nozzle test part.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the invention implemented clearer, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is further described in more detail.
It is as shown in Figure 1 dynamometry pull rod schematic diagram employed in total load measuring method of the invention, single dynamometry pull rod
Mainly by structure compositions such as ball bearing 1, locking nut 2, tension-compression sensor 3, dynamometer link 4, pull rod transition axis 5 and ball bearings 6.Its
Middle dynamometry pull rod can be by adjusting the first ball bearing 1 and tension-compression sensor 3, tension-compression sensor 3 and dynamometer link 4 and pull rod transition
The depth that is threaded into of axis 5 and ball bearing 6 carries out length adjustment, and carries out position locking by locking nut 2.In dynamometry pull rod
In, tension-compression sensor 3 can measure the stress of dynamometry pull rod in the axial direction, including pressure and pulling force.
It, will in conventional method due to being generally positioned in harsh environment (high temperature, high pressure or deep-etching) when testpieces test
Sensor etc. for measuring testpieces, which is arranged on testpieces, to be measured, and this measurement can be as the environment locating for sensor
And cause measurement accuracy low, it is serious also to damage sensor.Thus in the present invention, designing on testpieces has for dynamometry
The installation interface of pull rod installation and by the fixed testpieces of dynamometry pull rod, makes tension-compression sensor 3 and the testpieces in dynamometry pull rod
It carries out " isolation ", so that tension-compression sensor 3 is far from the harsh environment of testpieces.And in order to make tension-compression sensor 3 can
The stress of testpieces is measured, and avoids passing through one end of dynamometry pull rod on the first ball bearing 1 and testpieces in adverse environment
Bearing base connection, connect with fixed structure by the second ball bearing 6 after other end connection tension-compression sensor 3 again.Thus
Ordinary sensors can be used and realize testpieces one direction load measurement.Additionally due to pull rod transition axis 5 has been in dynamometry pull rod
Far from testpieces, therefore 5 surface of pull rod transition axis on dynamometry pull rod can paste room temperature foil gauge auxiliary and carry out load survey
Amount.
In order to simplify after measurement to the calculating process of testpieces load, the arrangement of dynamometry pull rod is carried out in the present invention
Optimization.
By taking total load measurement of engine jet pipe testpieces 10 (nozzle test part is easy cylindrical model) as an example, referring to figure
Shown in 2, the length l of nozzle test part 10, radius d, nozzle test part 10 divide for both ends of the surface A and B, and wherein first end face A is spray
Pipe testpieces free end, 10 full payload calculation method of nozzle test part are as follows:
One, nozzle test part always carries coordinate origin setting
According to the 10 load task target of measurement nozzle test part that test is drafted, to ensure to measure effective jet pipe load, carry
It is coordinate origin that lotus, which acts on origin and selectes (stress maximum) center of circle free end face A of nozzle test part 10, along nozzle test part
10 axis are course x from first end face A to the direction of second end face B, refer to the outer direction be lateral by origin in first end face A
Y, the direction perpendicular to the course x and lateral y plane constituted are vertical z, and nozzle test part 10 always carries coordinate system as shown in Figure 2.
Two, the dynamometry pull rod arrangement and calculating of one embodiment of the invention
Arrange that hinge is taken at each dynamometry pull rod both ends in the surface arbitrary point of nozzle test part 10 using six roots of sensation dynamometry pull rod
Branch connection, makes single pull rod form two power bars, it is ensured that nozzle test part is in static determinacy restrained condition.
Six roots of sensation dynamometry pull rod G1 to G6 and 10 hinged place of nozzle test part and rack junction to carry coordinate former relative to total
Point is respectively as follows: [(X11,Y11,Z11),(X12,Y12,Z12)]、[(X21,Y21,Z21),(X22,Y22,Z22)]、[(X31,Y31,Z31),
(X32,Y32,Z32)]、[(X41,Y41,Z41),(X42,Y42,Z42)]、[(X51,Y51,Z51),(X52,Y52,Z52)]、[(X61,Y61,
Z61),(X62,Y62,Z62)]。
The load that dynamometry pull rod G1 to G6 is measured successively is denoted as F1To F6, all equal tensions of load are positive, and compression is negative.
Therefore, the jet pipe model of the present embodiment always carries calculation formula are as follows:
Nozzle test part course power calculates:
Nozzle test part lateral force calculates:
Nozzle test part vertical force calculates
Nozzle test part torque arithmetic:
Nozzle test part calculation of Bending Moment:
Nozzle test part calculation of Bending Moment:
Wherein:
By can see above, in the present embodiment, total load of nozzle test part 10 is such as calculated, needing first to calculate survey
Included angle of the power pull rod G1 to G6 relative to coordinate system, it is more time-consuming.
Three, the dynamometry pull rod arrangement and LOAD FOR of the preferred embodiment of the present invention
Equally in most highly preferred embodiment of the invention, also nozzle test part 10 always surveying using six roots of sensation dynamometry pull rod
Amount.Total to carry the center of circle cylinder free end face A that coordinate is nozzle test part 10, six roots of sensation dynamometry pull rod load is arranged in testpieces circle
The end face cylinder A, B, specific position can refer to as shown in Figure 2.The installation point coordinate of dynamometry pull rod G1 to G6 be respectively as follows: (0,0 ,-
d/2),(0,d/2,0),(0,Y31,Z31),(0,-Y31,Z31), (l, 0, d/2), the axis of (l, d/2,0) and dynamometry pull rod G1
The axis for being parallel to course x, dynamometry pull rod G2 and dynamometry pull rod G6 is parallel to lateral y, dynamometry pull rod G3, dynamometry pull rod G4 and survey
The axis of power pull rod G5 is parallel to lateral z, and wherein d is the radius of nozzle test part 10, and l is nozzle test part 10 along its axis side
Upward length.
The measurement load of dynamometry pull rod G1 to dynamometry pull rod G6 are successively denoted as F1To F6, all equal tensions of load are positive, and are pressurized
It is negative.
And by above-mentioned arrangement dynamometry pull rod after, nozzle test part 10 always carry calculation formula then simplify are as follows:
Nozzle test part course power calculates Fx=-F1
Nozzle test part lateral force calculates Fy=-(F2+F6)
Nozzle test part vertical force calculates FZ=F3+F4+F5
Nozzle test part torque arithmetic Mx=F4*|Y31|-F3*|-Y31|
Nozzle test part calculation of Bending Moment My=F1*d/2-F5*l
Nozzle test part calculation of Bending Moment Mz=-F6*l
It can see by embodiment in the comparison present invention and optimum embodiment, only have dynamometry pull rod G3 in optimum embodiment
Mounting coordinate be unknown quantity, however dynamometry pull rod G3 install when can use following mount scheme: make the peace of dynamometry pull rod G3
It decorates with the line of origin and lateral y into predetermined angular, this angle is preferably 30 degree or 60 degree, and dynamometry pull rod G3 at this time
Installation point coordinate just at only parameter related with 10 radius of nozzle test part.
The total load measuring method of testpieces of the invention by by dynamometry pull rod according to survey carry object load measurement demand into
Row combination can at most measure the total load for carrying whole 6 freedom degrees of object, need at this time using 6 pull rods that testpieces is each
Direction is constrained, and 6 direction pull rods form a statically determinate system, and the tension-compression sensor on each pull rod can be measured along pull rod
Axial active force, finally calculate according to pull rod position can obtain surveying the total load for carrying object.
The total load measuring method of testpieces of the invention can solve in the prior art, in harsh environment testpieces into
The effective measurement of row, and calculating is simple, measurement accuracy is high.
The above, optimal specific embodiment only of the invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of the claim
Subject to enclosing.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of total load measuring method of testpieces, which is characterized in that the total load measuring method of testpieces includes
Step 1: arrange that six dynamometry pull rod G1 to G6 make testpieces be in static determinacy state on testpieces, wherein the dynamometry
Pull rod is arranged according to the following rules:
Firstly, establishing coordinate system: using the center of circle first end face A of testpieces as origin, along testpieces axis from first end face A to
The direction of biend B is course x, is referred to the outer direction by origin for lateral y, perpendicular to course x and lateral y in first end face A
The direction of the plane of composition is vertical z；
Later, arrange dynamometry pull rod: the installation point coordinate of dynamometry pull rod G1 to dynamometry pull rod G6 and testing machine be followed successively by (0,0 ,-
d/2)、(0,d/2,0)、(0,y31,z31)、(0,-y31,z31), (l, 0, d/2), (l, d/2,0), the measurement direction of dynamometry pull rod G1
Be parallel to course x, dynamometry pull rod G2, dynamometry pull rod G6 measurement direction be parallel to lateral y, dynamometry pull rod G3, dynamometry pull rod G4
It is parallel to vertical z with the measurement direction of dynamometry pull rod G5, wherein d is testpieces radius, and l is testpieces along course length；
Step 2: testing testpieces, obtains the active force along dynamometry pull rod axial direction, the active force by dynamometry pull rod
Including pressure and pulling force；
Step 3: obtaining total load of testpieces according to the position of dynamometry pull rod and Calculation of the force, wherein total load packet
Include course directed force Fx, lateral force FyWith vertical directed force FzAnd course moment Mx, lateral moment MyAnd vertical bending
Mz；
Testpieces course power Fx=-F1；
Testpieces lateral force Fy=-(F2+F6)；
Testpieces vertical force FZ=F3+F4+F5；
Testpieces course torque Mx=F4*|Y31|-F3*|-Y31|；
The lateral moment M of testpiecesy=F1*d/2-F5*l；
Testpieces vertical bending Mz=-F6*l；
Wherein, dynamometry pull rod G1 measures load and is denoted as F1, dynamometry pull rod G2 measurement load be denoted as F2, dynamometry pull rod G3 measurement load
It is denoted as F3, dynamometry pull rod G4 measurement load be denoted as F4, dynamometry pull rod G5 measurement load be denoted as F5, dynamometry pull rod G6 measurement load note
For F6, all equal tensions of load are positive, and compression is negative.
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| CN109297459B (en) * | 2018-12-16 | 2020-10-09 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Method for measuring spline angle error of accessory case |
| CN113063577B (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-08-05 | 南京航空航天大学 | Spraying pipe rack with pretightening force and using method |
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| CN103616157A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-03-05 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Wind-tunnel balance body shafting static correction system and wind-tunnel balance body shafting static correction method |
| CN105649817A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-08 | 西安航天动力试验技术研究所 | Vector thrust loading device for attitude control engine |
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| US6401058B1 (en) * | 1999-02-12 | 2002-06-04 | Wayne State University | Reciprocating system for simulating friction and wear |
| CN2884370Y (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2007-03-28 | 武汉利德高新技术股份有限公司 | Comprehensive testing device for safety of loading by train |
| CN103218474B (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2016-09-28 | 王平 | Aircraft node raw payload distribution method and system |
| CN204314065U (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-05-06 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳发动机设计研究所 | A kind of Compressor test part rock-steady structure |
| CN104933251B (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2018-04-13 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | A kind of airfoil load processing method |
| CN104933259B (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2018-04-13 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | A kind of aircraft high-lift system load calculation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103616157A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-03-05 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Wind-tunnel balance body shafting static correction system and wind-tunnel balance body shafting static correction method |
| CN105649817A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-08 | 西安航天动力试验技术研究所 | Vector thrust loading device for attitude control engine |
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