CN113740026B - Novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve and wind tunnel balance calibration method - Google Patents
Novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve and wind tunnel balance calibration method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve, which is connected with a calibration load applying mechanism in a wind tunnel balance calibration system through a three-dimensional force sensor, can accurately acquire a transmission load, and is combined with the position relation between a three-dimensional force sensor coordinate system and a wind tunnel balance coordinate system to be calibrated, so as to obtain an actual load applied to the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wind tunnel balance loading sleeve and a balance calibration method, and belongs to the technical field of wind tunnel balance calibration.
Background
The wind tunnel balance is a core component in a wind tunnel force measurement test, the accuracy of measurement data of the wind tunnel balance directly influences the design of appearance optimization, driving control and the like of an aircraft, so that the accuracy of the wind tunnel balance is important in the wind tunnel force measurement test, and one of important links influencing the accuracy of the wind tunnel balance is the calibration of the wind tunnel balance. According to the balance calibration shafting division, the wind tunnel balance calibration can be divided into ground shafting calibration and body shafting calibration, and the body shafting calibration is in a state which is closer to the application state of the balance, so that the calibration result is more accurate. At present, common implementation methods of body axis alignment mainly comprise a mechanism resetting method and a load correction method. The body axis calibration is realized by a mechanism resetting method, namely, the balance after loading deformation is restored to a pre-loading position through the mechanism movement, so that the pose of a balance coordinate system is unchanged before and after loading; the load correction method realizes the body axis calibration by measuring the deformation of the balance after loading through a displacement sensor, and correcting the load applied to the balance through calculating the angle and displacement. The mechanism resetting method needs to be matched with a deformation displacement measurement system, a complex resetting mechanism and a matched control system, but the load correcting method only needs to be matched with the deformation displacement measurement system, but because the balance deformation condition is complex, the correcting algorithm is usually based on a certain simplified model, the error introduced in the load conversion process is larger, and the load error caused by friction between equipment parts can not be avoided when the balance loads in the lateral direction, the axial direction and the like. The accurate measurement of the wind tunnel balance calibration load is the premise and the guarantee of obtaining an accurate balance formula.
Balance calibration systems are important devices for wind tunnel balance calibration. At present, for the improvement of a wind tunnel balance calibration system, optimization is performed from the aspects of improving the accuracy of balance displacement measurement, improving the control precision of a reset mechanism, reducing the friction angle of load loading equipment and the like, and optimization design is not performed from the aspects of balance calibration loading sleeves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve and a balance body shafting calibration method. The three-dimensional force sensor arranged on the wind tunnel balance loading sleeve is connected with the force transmission steel belt in the calibration system, so that the tension of the steel belt can be accurately obtained, and the actual load born by the balance to be calibrated under the balance coordinate system is further obtained. By using the method for calibrating the wind tunnel balance body shafting, displacement measurement errors and loading errors are avoided, the complexity of a calibration system is reduced, the manufacturing cost is saved, the operation difficulty is reduced, and the method has wide application prospects in the technical field of wind tunnel balance calibration.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
A novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve is used as a part of a wind tunnel balance calibration system for realizing the calibration of the wind tunnel balance, the wind tunnel balance calibration system also comprises a balance calibration frame support and a calibration load applying mechanism, and the wind tunnel balance loading sleeve comprises an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve and a three-dimensional force sensor;
The inner sleeve is connected with a front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated; the outer sleeve is arranged outside the inner sleeve and coaxial with the inner sleeve, can axially move relative to the inner sleeve or rotate around the axis, and is locked and fixed relative to the inner sleeve for adjusting the centroid position of the outer sleeve; the three-dimensional force sensor is arranged on the outer sleeve and connected with each calibration load applying mechanism and is used for measuring the component force of the actual load transmitted to the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated by each calibration load in the three-dimensional direction in the coordinate system of the sensor, so as to obtain the actual load born by the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated in the balance coordinate system.
Further, the three-dimensional force sensor is equal to the number of calibration load applying mechanisms.
Further, the calibration load applying mechanism comprises a steel belt, a pulley, a weight tray and weights, one end of the steel belt is connected with the three-dimensional force sensor, and the other end of the steel belt is connected with the weight tray with the weights arranged inside through the pulley.
Further, the outer sleeve comprises an outer cylinder, a support arm and a locking ring; the outer cylinder is arranged outside the inner sleeve and coaxial with the inner sleeve, and can axially move or rotate relative to the inner sleeve; the support arm is a beam structure arranged on the outer side of the outer cylinder, and the direction of the beam is perpendicular to the axis of the outer cylinder and is fixed through a pin; the locking ring is sleeved on the outer cylinder and used for realizing locking and positioning of the outer sleeve relative to the inner sleeve, the locking ring is an annular clamp, and the locking ring is connected with protruding lugs at the clamp gap through screws so as to realize fixation and release;
the three-dimensional force sensor is arranged on the support arm and the outer cylinder and is connected with each calibration load applying mechanism;
the inner sleeve is provided with a taper hole matched with the front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, and the taper hole is matched with the front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, so that the inner sleeve is connected with the front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated.
Further, the number of the locking rings is not less than 2;
The number of the support arms is 1, and the centroid of the support arms is coincident with the centroid of the outer cylinder; or the number of the support arms is 2, and the centroids of the 2 support arms are positioned on the axis of the outer cylinder and have equal distances from the centroids of the outer cylinder.
Further, the number of the three-dimensional force sensors is equal to the number of the force transmission steel belts in the wind tunnel balance calibration system.
The wind tunnel balance calibration method is realized by adopting the novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve, and comprises the following steps of:
S1, mounting a balance support rod provided with a wind tunnel balance to be calibrated on a balance calibration frame support, and adjusting the posture of the balance;
S2, connecting an inner sleeve of a balance loading sleeve with a wind tunnel balance to be calibrated;
S3, installing an outer sleeve of the balance loading sleeve, adjusting the position of the outer sleeve relative to the inner sleeve until the geometric centroid of the outer sleeve coincides with the calibration center of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, and locking and fixing;
s4, adjusting the positions of the load applying mechanisms, and connecting each calibration load applying mechanism with a corresponding three-dimensional force sensor;
S5, loading calibration load to the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated according to a preset load meter through a calibration load applying mechanism;
S6, three-component force loads f 'x,f'y,f'z of actual loads transmitted to a wind tunnel balance to be calibrated in a sensor self coordinate system O' xyz by the calibration loads are obtained through the three-dimensional force sensors;
S7, obtaining the actual load of the balance to be calibrated under the balance coordinate system O xyz by f' x,f'y,f'z and the positions of the three-dimensional force sensors in the balance coordinate system;
and S8, obtaining a balance formula according to the actual load of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated and the output result of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated.
Further, step S7 includes the steps of:
S71, obtaining the actual load of a calibration balance at the position of each three-dimensional force sensor under a balance coordinate system O xyz by the three-dimensional force load f 'x,f'y,f'z in the sensor self coordinate system O' xyz obtained by each three-dimensional force sensor and the position (l x,ly,lz) of each three-dimensional force sensor in the balance coordinate system;
s72, the actual load of the calibration balance at the position of each three-dimensional force sensor is overlapped, and the actual load of the calibration balance under the balance coordinate system O xyz is obtained.
Further, in step S71, the calculation formula of the actual load of the calibration balance at each three-dimensional force sensor position is:
f' x,F'y,F'z,M'x,M'y,M'z is the actual six-component load of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated at the position of each three-dimensional force sensor (3) under O xyz under the balance coordinate system.
Further, in the step S72,
F x,Fy,Fz,Mx,My,Mz is the actual load of the calibration balance in the balance coordinate system O xyz; f' xi,F'yi,F'zi,M'xi,M'yi,M'zi is the actual load of the calibration balance at the position of the ith three-dimensional force sensor under the balance coordinate system O xyz, i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, and n is the number of the three-dimensional force sensors.
In the step S4, the positions of the load applying mechanisms are adjusted, and each calibration load applying mechanism is connected with the corresponding three-dimensional force sensor by connecting one end of the steel belt with the three-dimensional force sensor, and the other end of the steel belt is connected with the weight tray with the built-in weight through the pulley, and then the positions of the pulleys are adjusted to enable the steel belt to be parallel to the corresponding coordinate axis in the balance coordinate system;
In the step S6, each three-dimensional force sensor acquires the actual load transmitted by each calibration load to the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated as the tensile force of the steel belt connected with the actual load, and the tensile force of the steel belt is expressed in the form of component forces f x'、fy ' and f z ' under the coordinate system O ' xyz of the sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) In the wind tunnel balance calibration sleeve, the loading load applied in the balance calibration process can be accurately obtained, and the influence of friction force and the loaded deformation of the wind tunnel balance in the load transmission process is eliminated;
(2) In the wind tunnel balance calibration method, a balance deformation displacement measurement system is not required to be added, so that displacement measurement errors are avoided;
(3) In the wind tunnel balance calibration method, a reset mechanism and a control system are not required to be added, the complexity of the calibration system is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is saved;
(4) In the wind tunnel balance calibration method, the applied loading load is directly measured through the plurality of three-dimensional force sensors, so that the actual load born by the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated under the balance coordinate system is obtained, the balance loading time can be shortened, and the balance calibration efficiency is improved;
(5) Compared with the existing calibration method and process, the wind tunnel balance calibration method has the advantages that the load error is smaller in the balance calibration process, and the calibration formula is more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic of a new wind tunnel balance loading sleeve incorporating the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an inner sleeve in a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an assembly view of an outer sleeve and a three-dimensional force sensor in a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a locking ring in a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an installation of a wind tunnel balance calibration using a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of wind tunnel balance calibration using a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of the deformation of the loading sleeve of the present invention following a wind tunnel balance to be calibrated after loading a calibration load.
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and clear from the following detailed description of the invention.
The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. Although various aspects of the embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
The invention relates to a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve, which comprises the following components: the three-dimensional force sensor comprises an inner sleeve 1, an outer sleeve 2 and a three-dimensional force sensor 3, wherein the inner sleeve 1 is connected with a balance, the outer sleeve 2 is sleeved on the inner sleeve 1 to form cylindrical surface matching, the three-dimensional force sensor 3 is fixed at a designated position of the outer sleeve 2, and the origin of a coordinate system of the three-dimensional force sensor is a point of action applied by a wind tunnel balance during calibration. In the wind tunnel balance calibration of the invention, the application of any component load of the balance is realized by transmitting the gravity of different weight strings to the designated position of the outer sleeve 2 through a plurality of steel belts. One end of a steel belt in the balance calibration system is connected with a three-dimensional force sensor 3 at a designated position of the outer sleeve 2, the connection point is an origin of a coordinate system of the three-dimensional force sensor 3, and the other end of the steel belt is connected with a weight tray for bearing load. The three-dimensional force sensor can directly measure the load on the steel belt connected with the three-dimensional force sensor, and avoids load errors generated in the process of transferring the force of the steel belt. The actual load of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated is calculated according to the force load information measured by the three-dimensional force sensor, and the wind tunnel balance is used for calculating a balance formula, and compared with the balance formula which is directly calculated by using the weight of the weight, the wind tunnel balance is higher in accuracy.
The invention provides a brand new body axis calibration mode for wind tunnel balance calibration, solves the problems of complex balance calibration system, low working efficiency, large error of displacement correction method and the like of the existing mechanism resetting method, simultaneously, does not need a deformation displacement measurement system and a resetting mechanism, reduces the complexity of the calibration system, saves the manufacturing cost, improves the working calibration efficiency, and has wide application prospect in the technical field of wind tunnel balance calibration.
As shown in fig. 1, the novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve comprises an inner sleeve 1, an outer sleeve 2 and a three-dimensional force sensor 3, and is used as a main bearing, transmitting and measuring component during load loading in a wind tunnel balance calibration system.
Fig. 2 shows an inner sleeve 1 of the present invention, wherein the inner sleeve 1 is cylindrical, and a taper hole section is arranged in the inner sleeve for matching with a front cone of a wind tunnel balance to be calibrated.
Fig. 3 is an assembly view of the outer sleeve 2 and the three-dimensional force sensor 3 of the present invention. The outer sleeve comprises an outer barrel 21, arms 22 and a locking ring 23. The outer cylinder 21 is cylindrical, the inner diameter is consistent with the outer diameter of the inner sleeve 1 in size to form cylindrical surface matching, and the outer cylinder 21 can slide and rotate on the inner sleeve 1 along the axis thereof; the support arm 22 is a cross beam with thick middle and thin two ends, a through hole is arranged in the middle, the inner diameter of the through hole is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 21, and the support arm 22 is sleeved outside the outer cylinder 21 through the through hole and is connected and fixed through a pin; the locking ring 23 (fig. 4) comprises a circular ring-shaped main body with a gap at one end, and protruding lugs respectively arranged at two sides of the gap, a screw penetrates through the 2 lugs, and the gap can be reduced by tightening the screw, so that the inner diameter of the circular ring is reduced. The inner diameter of the locking ring 23 is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 21, the locking ring is sleeved on the outer cylinder 21, and the outer sleeve 2 can be fixed on the inner sleeve 1 by screwing down a screw. The three-dimensional force sensor 3 is a sensor capable of measuring three force vectors Fx, fy and Fz in a Cartesian coordinate system, the three-dimensional force sensor is arranged on the outer sleeve 2, and the position and the number of the three-dimensional force sensor 3 are determined according to the form of a balance loading sleeve and the calibration load of a wind tunnel balance to be calibrated.
Furthermore, the outer sleeve 2 can be in an I shape or a cross shape, the outer sleeve 2 is in the cross shape when the outer sleeve 2 comprises 1 support arm, and the outer sleeve 2 is in the I shape when the outer sleeve 2 comprises 2 support arms; the extending direction of the support arm, namely the direction of the cross beam, is perpendicular to the axis of the outer cylinder and is fixedly connected with the outer cylinder through a pin.
Further, the number of the support arms 22 is 1, and the centroid of the support arms 22 coincides with that of the outer cylinder 21; or the number of the support arms 22 is 2, and the centroids of the 2 support arms 22 are positioned on the axis of the outer cylinder 21 and are equidistant from the centroid of the outer cylinder 21.
Further, the three-dimensional force sensor 3 is cylindrical, the origin of a coordinate system is a connection point with the steel belt, and the three-dimensional forces F x,Fy and F z in the space are measured without moment components.
Further, the number of the locking rings 23 is not less than 2.
Further, the position of the three-dimensional force sensor 3 fixed on the outer sleeve 2 is relatively fixed in a balance coordinate system.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated is usually rod-type, one end is connected with the inner sleeve 1, one end is connected with the balance support rod, the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated is all placed in the inner sleeve 1, the balance support rod is partially placed in the inner sleeve 1, a sufficient gap is reserved between the balance support rod and the inner sleeve 1, and the other end of the balance support rod is fixed, so that a cantilever state is formed.
The wind tunnel balance calibration method realized by adopting the novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve comprises the following steps:
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the wind tunnel balance calibration system when the wind tunnel balance loading sleeve is installed in the wind tunnel balance calibration system. The wind tunnel balance calibration system generally comprises a balance calibration frame and a calibration load applying mechanism, preferably, the calibration load applying mechanism comprises a steel belt, pulleys, a weight tray and weights;
(1) Fixing a balance support rod system provided with a wind tunnel balance to be calibrated on a balance calibration frame support;
(2) The method comprises the steps that an inner sleeve 1 of a balance loading sleeve is connected with a balance to be calibrated, and a taper hole section of the inner sleeve 1 is in taper fit with a front taper of the balance and is fixed by tightening through bolts;
(3) The outer sleeve 2 of the balance loading sleeve is installed, the outer sleeve 2 is in cylindrical surface fit with the inner sleeve 1, the position of the outer sleeve 2 relative to the inner sleeve 1 is adjusted according to the position of the balance correction to be calibrated until the geometric centroid of the outer sleeve coincides with the balance correction, and the outer sleeve 2 is fixed by the locking ring 23 so as not to move;
(4) One end of the steel belt, which is not connected with a weight tray (used for loading weights), is connected with a three-dimensional force sensor 3 on a loading sleeve, and meanwhile, the steel belt bypasses a pulley (namely a reversing mechanism); the position of the pulley is adjusted to enable the steel belt to be parallel to the corresponding coordinate axis in the balance coordinate system;
(5) When the wind tunnel balance is calibrated, the specified weight is loaded on one or more weight trays according to the requirement of the calibration load, the weight G is transmitted to the loading sleeve through the steel belt, and the loading sleeve is fixedly connected with the balance to be calibrated, so that the load of the balance to be calibrated is loaded, namely the stress of the loading sleeve is equal to the stress of the balance to be calibrated. In the process, due to the existence of friction force F at the pulley, the tensile force F Pulling device of the steel belt on the loading sleeve after bypassing the pulley is smaller than the weight G applied, and the weight G applied is not completely transmitted to the wind tunnel balance through the steel belt and the loading sleeve; on the other hand, the balance will deform after being loaded, the direction of the steel belt connected with the loading sleeve is no longer parallel to the corresponding coordinate axis of the balance coordinate system O xyz, the steel belt pulling force F Pulling device is not the load of the balance in the designated axial direction, and when the balance formula is calculated, if the weight G is still used as the load to be calibrated, a larger calibration load error will be inevitably brought.
G＝F Pulling device +f (1)
(6) Taking one calibration load applying mechanism as an example for analysis, after the weight is loaded, the deformation of the loading sleeve along with the balance is schematically shown in fig. 7. The balance loading sleeve is fixedly connected with the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, deformation of the balance to be calibrated does not affect the azimuth of the three-dimensional force sensor coordinate system O 'xyz in the balance coordinate system O xyz, and because the pulley position is unchanged, the steel belt tension F Pulling device is no longer parallel to any axis in the two coordinate systems, namely, an included angle exists between the steel belt tension F Pulling device and each axis in the three-dimensional force sensor coordinate system O' xyz. Wherein the connecting point of the three-dimensional force sensor 3 and the steel belt is the origin of a coordinate system O ' xyz, and the resultant force F Closing device of the measurement components F x'、fy ' and F z ' is equal to the pulling force F Pulling device of the steel belt connected with the resultant force according to the force synthesis and decomposition principle;
(7) Since the geometric center of the balance loading sleeve coincides with the balance calibration center and the position of the three-dimensional force sensor 3 is fixed, the position of the three-dimensional force sensor 3 in the balance coordinate system is known, namely the position coordinate (l x,ly,lz) of the origin of the coordinate system O' xyz in the balance coordinate system O xyz is known, and the actual load measured by the three-dimensional force sensor 3 is converted into the balance coordinate system O xyz, so that the accurate actual load of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated in the balance coordinate system is obtained (F x,Fy,Fz,Mx,My,Mz). The specific relation of the parameters is shown in the following formula.
The calculation of the process is carried out for each three-dimensional force sensor (numbered 1-n), and the load converted into the balance coordinate system O xyz is overlapped, so that the actual load of each component of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated under the load can be obtained.
(8) And calculating a balance formula according to the actual load of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated and the corresponding output result.
Compared with the existing wind tunnel balance calibration method, the wind tunnel balance calibration method has the advantages that the balance body shafting calibration can be realized, the calibration system is simplified, the calibration efficiency is improved, more importantly, the load error in the balance calibration process is small, and the calibration accuracy of the balance is improved.
Example 1
The specific size of the wind tunnel balance can be designed according to the load of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, and the principle is that the wind tunnel balance is high in strength and rigidity and light in weight. In the embodiment, the inner diameter of the inner sleeve is 40mm, the outer diameter is 45mm, the length is 300mm, the inner diameter of the inner sleeve is 45mm, the outer diameter is 50mm, the length is 240mm, 2 support arm structures are adopted, the support arms and the outer sleeve form an I shape, the length of the support arms is 240mm, and the number of the three-dimensional force sensors is 9.
The invention has been described in detail in connection with the specific embodiments and exemplary examples thereof, but such description is not to be construed as limiting the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
What is not described in detail in the present specification is a well known technology to those skilled in the art.
Claims (11)
1. A novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve which is used as a part of a wind tunnel balance calibration system and is used for realizing the calibration of a wind tunnel balance, and the wind tunnel balance calibration system also comprises a balance calibration frame and a calibration load applying mechanism, and is characterized by comprising an inner sleeve (1), an outer sleeve (2) and a three-dimensional force sensor (3);
The inner sleeve (1) is connected with a front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated; the outer sleeve (2) is arranged outside the inner sleeve (1) and is coaxial with the inner sleeve, and can move axially relative to the inner sleeve (1) or rotate around the axis, and is locked and fixed relative to the inner sleeve (1) for adjusting the centroid position of the outer sleeve (2); the three-dimensional force sensor (3) is arranged on the outer sleeve (2) and connected with each calibration load applying mechanism and is used for measuring the component force of the actual load transmitted to the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated in the three-dimensional direction in the sensor coordinate system by each calibration load, so as to obtain the actual load born by the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated in the balance coordinate system.
2. A new wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-dimensional force sensor (3) is equal to the number of calibration load applying mechanisms.
3. The novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the calibration load applying mechanism comprises a steel belt, a pulley, a weight tray and weights, one end of the steel belt is connected with the three-dimensional force sensor (3), and the other end of the steel belt is connected with the weight tray with the weights inside through the pulley.
4. A new wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer sleeve (2) comprises an outer cylinder (21), arms (22) and a locking ring (23); the outer cylinder (21) is arranged outside the inner sleeve (1) and is coaxial with the inner sleeve, and can axially move or rotate relative to the inner sleeve (1); the support arm (22) is of a beam structure arranged on the outer side of the outer cylinder (21), and the direction of the beam is perpendicular to the axis of the outer cylinder (21) and is fixed through a pin; the locking ring (23) is sleeved on the outer cylinder (21) and used for realizing locking and positioning of the outer sleeve relative to the inner sleeve (1), the locking ring (23) is an annular clamp, and the locking ring is connected with protruding lugs at the clamp gaps through screws so as to realize fixation and release;
The three-dimensional force sensor (3) is arranged on the support arm (22) and the outer cylinder (21) and is connected with each calibration load applying mechanism in the wind tunnel balance calibration system;
the inner sleeve (1) is provided with a taper hole matched with the front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, and the taper hole is matched with the front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, so that the inner sleeve (1) is connected with the front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated.
5. A new wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to claim 4, characterized in that the number of locking rings (23) is not less than 2;
The number of the support arms (22) is 1, and the centroid of the support arms (22) is coincident with that of the outer cylinder (21); or the number of the support arms (22) is 2, and the centroids of the 2 support arms (22) are positioned on the axis of the outer cylinder (21) and have equal distances from the centroid of the outer cylinder (21).
6. A new wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to claim 3, characterized in that the number of three-dimensional force sensors (3) is equal to the number of force transmission steel strips in the wind tunnel balance calibration system.
7. A method for calibrating a wind tunnel balance, characterized in that it is realized by using a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising the following steps:
s1, mounting a balance support rod provided with a wind tunnel balance to be calibrated on a balance calibration frame, and adjusting the posture of the balance;
s2, connecting an inner sleeve (1) of a balance loading sleeve with a wind tunnel balance to be calibrated;
S3, installing an outer sleeve (2) of the balance loading sleeve, adjusting the position of the outer sleeve (2) relative to the inner sleeve (1) until the geometric centroid of the outer sleeve (2) coincides with the calibration center of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, and locking and fixing;
S4, adjusting the positions of the load applying mechanisms, and connecting each calibration load applying mechanism with a corresponding three-dimensional force sensor (3);
S5, loading calibration load to the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated according to a preset load meter through a calibration load applying mechanism;
S6, acquiring three-component force loads f 'x,f'y,f'z of actual loads applied by all calibration load applying mechanisms connected with the three-dimensional force sensors in a sensor coordinate system O' xyz by using all three-dimensional force sensors (3);
S7, obtaining the actual load of the balance to be calibrated under a balance coordinate system O xyz by f' x,f'y,f'z obtained by each three-dimensional force sensor (3) and the position of each three-dimensional force sensor in the balance coordinate system;
and S8, obtaining a balance formula according to the actual load of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated and the output result of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated.
8. A method of calibrating a wind tunnel balance according to claim 7, wherein said step S7 comprises the steps of:
S71, obtaining the actual load of a calibration balance at the position of each three-dimensional force sensor (3) under a balance coordinate system O xyz by three-component force load f 'x,f'y,f'z in a sensor coordinate system O' xyz acquired by each three-dimensional force sensor (3) and the position (l x,ly,lz) of each three-dimensional force sensor in the balance coordinate system;
S72, superposing the actual load of the calibration balance at the position of each three-dimensional force sensor (3) to obtain the actual load of the calibration balance under the balance coordinate system O xyz.
9. The wind tunnel balance calibration method according to claim 8, wherein in the step S71, the calculation formula of the actual load of the calibration balance at the position of each three-dimensional force sensor (3) is:
f' x,F'y,F'z,M'x,M'y,M'z is the actual six-component load of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated at the position of each three-dimensional force sensor (3) under O xyz under the balance coordinate system.
10. A method of calibrating a wind tunnel balance according to claim 9, wherein in step S72,
F x,Fy,Fz,Mx,My,Mz is the actual load of the calibration balance in the balance coordinate system O xyz; f' xi,F'yi,F'zi,M'xi,M'yi,M'zi is the actual load of the calibration balance at the position of the ith three-dimensional force sensor (3) under the balance coordinate system O xyz, i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, and n is the number of the three-dimensional force sensors.
11. The wind tunnel balance calibration method according to claim 7, wherein the calibration load applying mechanism comprises a steel belt, a pulley, a weight tray and weights, and in the step S4, the position of the load applying mechanism is adjusted, and each calibration load applying mechanism is connected with its corresponding three-dimensional force sensor (3), wherein one end of the steel belt is connected with the three-dimensional force sensor (3), and the other end of the steel belt is connected with the weight tray for placing weights through the pulley, and then the pulley position is adjusted, so that the steel belt is parallel to the corresponding coordinate axis in the balance coordinate system;
In the step S6, each three-dimensional force sensor (3) acquires the actual load transmitted to the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated by each calibration load as the tensile force of a steel belt connected with the actual load, and the tensile force of the steel belt is expressed in the form of component forces f x'、fy ' and f z ' under the coordinate system O ' xyz of the sensor.
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| CN114722332B (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-08-23 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Wind tunnel balance calibration data processing method |
| CN115655641B (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-08-11 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | High-precision loading force application device and method for wind tunnel balance calibration |
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| CN117091801B (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-01-02 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Balance calibration method based on two-degree-of-freedom calibration equipment |
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