CN113740026A - Novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve and wind tunnel balance calibration method - Google Patents
Novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve and wind tunnel balance calibration method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve, which is connected with a calibration load applying mechanism in a wind tunnel balance calibration system through a three-dimensional force sensor, can accurately obtain a transfer load, and further obtains an actual load applied on a wind tunnel balance to be calibrated by combining the position relation of a coordinate system of the three-dimensional force sensor and a coordinate system of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wind tunnel balance loading sleeve and a balance calibration method, and belongs to the technical field of wind tunnel balance calibration.
Background
The wind tunnel balance is a core component in a wind tunnel force measurement test, and the accuracy of the measurement data of the wind tunnel balance directly influences the design of the aircraft such as appearance optimization, drive control and the like, so that the accuracy of the wind tunnel balance is very important in the wind tunnel force measurement test, and one of important links influencing the accuracy of the wind tunnel balance is the calibration of the wind tunnel balance. According to the balance calibration shafting division, the calibration of the wind tunnel balance can be divided into ground shafting calibration and body shafting calibration, and the body shafting calibration is a state closer to the balance application, so that the calibration result is more accurate. At present, the common implementation of body axis calibration is mainly a mechanism resetting method and a load correcting method. The mechanism resetting method realizes the calibration of the body axis system by restoring the balance after the loading deformation to the position before the loading through the mechanism movement, and ensuring that the pose of the balance coordinate system is unchanged before and after the loading; the load correction method realizes the calibration of the body axis system by measuring the deformation of the balance after being loaded through a displacement sensor and correcting the load applied to the balance through calculating the angle and the displacement. The mechanism resetting method needs to be matched with a deformation displacement measuring system, a complex resetting mechanism and a matched control system, although the load correction method only needs to be matched with the deformation displacement measuring system, the correction algorithm is usually based on a certain simplified model due to the complex deformation condition of the balance, the error introduced in the load conversion process is large, and the two methods cannot avoid the load error introduced by friction between equipment parts when the balance is loaded with loads in the lateral direction, the axial direction and the like. The accurate measurement of the calibration load of the wind tunnel balance is the premise and guarantee of obtaining an accurate balance formula.
The balance calibration system is an important device for wind tunnel balance calibration. At present, aiming at the improvement of a wind tunnel balance calibration system, optimization is carried out from the angle of improving balance displacement measurement accuracy, the angle of improving reset mechanism control accuracy or reducing load loading equipment friction and the like, and the optimization design is not carried out from the aspect of balance calibration loading sleeves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve and a balance body axis calibration method. The three-dimensional force sensor arranged on the wind tunnel balance loading sleeve is connected with a force transmission steel belt in the calibration system, so that the steel belt tension can be accurately obtained, and the actual load on the balance to be calibrated under a balance coordinate system can be further obtained. The method is applied to calibration of the wind tunnel balance body axis system, avoids displacement measurement errors and loading load errors, reduces the complexity of a calibration system, saves the manufacturing cost, reduces the operation difficulty, and has wide application prospect in the technical field of wind tunnel balance calibration.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve is used as a part of a wind tunnel balance calibration system and used for realizing calibration of a wind tunnel balance, the wind tunnel balance calibration system further comprises a balance calibration frame support and a calibration load applying mechanism, and the wind tunnel balance loading sleeve comprises an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve and a three-dimensional force sensor;
the inner sleeve is connected with a front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated; the outer sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the inner sleeve and is coaxial with the inner sleeve, can move axially or rotate around an axis relative to the inner sleeve, is locked and fixed relative to the inner sleeve and is used for adjusting the centroid position of the outer sleeve; the three-dimensional force sensor is arranged on the outer sleeve and connected with each calibration load applying mechanism, and is used for measuring the component force of the actual load, transmitted to the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, of the calibration load in the three-dimensional direction in the coordinate system of the sensor, so that the actual load borne by the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated in the coordinate system of the balance is obtained.
Furthermore, the number of the three-dimensional force sensors is equal to that of the calibration load applying mechanisms.
Further, the calibration load applying mechanism comprises a steel belt, a pulley, a weight tray and weights, one end of the steel belt is connected with the three-dimensional force sensor, and the other end of the steel belt is connected with the weight tray with the built-in weights through the pulley.
Further, the outer sleeve comprises an outer cylinder, a support arm and a locking ring; the outer cylinder is arranged outside the inner sleeve and is coaxial with the inner sleeve, and can move or rotate along the axial direction relative to the inner sleeve; the support arm is of a cross beam structure arranged on the outer side of the outer barrel, and the direction of the cross beam is vertical to the axis of the outer barrel and is fixed through a pin; the locking ring is sleeved on the outer barrel and used for realizing locking and positioning of the outer barrel relative to the inner sleeve, the locking ring is an annular hoop and is connected with a protruding lug at a hoop gap through a screw to realize fixation and release;
the three-dimensional force sensor is arranged on the support arm and the outer cylinder and is connected with each calibration load applying mechanism;
the inner sleeve is provided with a taper hole matched with a front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, and the taper hole is matched with the front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated to realize connection of the inner sleeve and the front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated.
Further, the number of the locking rings is not less than 2;
the number of the support arms is 1, and the centroid of each support arm is superposed with that of the outer cylinder; or the number of the support arms is 2, the centroids of the 2 support arms are positioned on the axis of the outer cylinder, and the distances from the centroids of the 2 support arms to the centroid of the outer cylinder are equal.
Furthermore, the number of the three-dimensional force sensors is equal to that of the force transmission steel strips in the wind tunnel balance calibration system.
A wind-tunnel balance calibration method is realized by adopting the novel wind-tunnel balance loading sleeve, and comprises the following steps:
step S1, mounting a balance support rod provided with the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated on a balance calibration frame support, and adjusting the balance posture;
step S2, connecting an inner sleeve of the balance loading sleeve with the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated;
step S3, an outer sleeve of the balance loading sleeve is installed, the position of the outer sleeve relative to the inner sleeve is adjusted until the geometric centroid of the outer sleeve is coincided with the center of alignment of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, and locking and fixing are carried out;
step S4, adjusting the position of the load applying mechanism and connecting each calibration load applying mechanism with the corresponding three-dimensional force sensor;
step S5, carrying out calibration load loading on the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated according to a preset load meter through a calibration load applying mechanism;
step S6 is to obtain the actual load transmitted to the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated from the coordinate system O 'of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated through the three-dimensional force sensors'xyzMiddle three component force load f'x，f’y，f’z；
Step S7 is made of f'x，f’y，f’zAnd each three-dimensional force sensingThe position of the device in the balance coordinate system is obtained to obtain the balance coordinate system OxyzNext, the actual load of the balance to be calibrated;
and step S8, obtaining a balance formula according to the actual load of the wind-tunnel balance to be calibrated and the output result of the wind-tunnel balance to be calibrated.
Further, step S7 includes the following steps:
s71 sensor coordinate system O 'obtained by each three-dimensional force sensor'xyzMiddle three component force load f'x，f’y，f’zAnd the position of the three-dimensional force sensors in the coordinate system of the balancex，ly，lz) Obtaining the coordinate system O of the balancexyzNext, calibrating the actual load of the balance at the position of each three-dimensional force sensor;
s72, the actual loads of the calibration balances at the positions of the three-dimensional force sensors are superposed to obtain a balance coordinate system OxyzThe actual load of the balance is calibrated down.
Further, in step S71, the calculation formula of the actual load of the calibration balance at each three-dimensional force sensor position is:
F’x，F’y，F’z，M’x，M’y，M’zis O under the coordinate system of the balancexyzAnd actual six-component load of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated at the position of each lower three-dimensional force sensor (3).
Further, in the step S72,
Fx，Fy，Fz，Mx，My，Mzas a coordinate system O of the balancexyzThe actual load of the lower calibration balance; f'xi，F’yi，F’zi，M’xi，M’yi，M’ziFor balance seatsSystem of symbols OxyzAnd then, calibrating the actual load of the balance at the position of the ith three-dimensional force sensor, wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, and n is the number of the three-dimensional force sensors.
Furthermore, the calibration load applying mechanisms comprise steel belts, pulleys, weight trays and weights, and in the step S4, the positions of the load applying mechanisms are adjusted, and each calibration load applying mechanism is connected with the corresponding three-dimensional force sensor by connecting one end of each steel belt with the three-dimensional force sensor and connecting the other end of each steel belt with the weight tray with the built-in weights through the pulleys, and then the positions of the pulleys are adjusted to enable the steel belts to be parallel to corresponding coordinate axes in a balance coordinate system;
in step S6, the three-dimensional force sensors acquire the actual load of the calibration load transmitted to the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated as the tension of the steel strip connected thereto, and the steel strip tension is in the sensor coordinate system O'xyzComponent force f ofx’、fy' and fz' is expressed in the form of.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) in the wind tunnel balance calibration sleeve, the loading load applied in the balance calibration process can be accurately obtained, and the influence of friction force and wind tunnel balance loaded deformation in the load transfer process is eliminated;
(2) in the wind tunnel balance calibration method, a balance deformation displacement measurement system is not required to be added, so that displacement measurement errors are avoided;
(3) in the wind tunnel balance calibration method, a reset mechanism and an operation system are not required to be added, so that the complexity of the calibration system is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is saved;
(4) in the wind tunnel balance calibration method, the applied loading load is directly measured by the three-dimensional force sensors so as to obtain the actual load borne by the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated in the balance coordinate system, so that the balance loading time can be shortened, and the balance calibration efficiency can be improved;
(5) compared with the conventional calibration method and process, the wind tunnel balance calibration method has the advantages that the load error is smaller in the balance calibration process, and the calibration formula is more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve embodying the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an inner sleeve in a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an assembly drawing of an outer sleeve and a three-dimensional force sensor in a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a locking ring in a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of the novel wind-tunnel balance loading sleeve of the present invention during calibration of the wind-tunnel balance;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a wind tunnel balance calibration using the novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the deformation of the loading sleeve of the present invention following a wind tunnel balance to be calibrated after a calibration load is loaded.
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and appreciated from the following detailed description of the invention.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
The invention relates to a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve, which comprises: the wind tunnel balance calibration device comprises an inner sleeve 1, an outer sleeve 2 and a three-dimensional force sensor 3, wherein the inner sleeve 1 is connected with a balance, the outer sleeve 2 is sleeved on the inner sleeve 1 to form cylindrical surface matching, the three-dimensional force sensor 3 is fixed at a specified position of the outer sleeve 2, and the origin of a coordinate system of the three-dimensional force sensor is a force action point applied during wind tunnel balance calibration. During calibration of the wind tunnel balance, any component load of the balance is applied by transmitting the gravity of strings of different weights to a designated position of the outer sleeve 2 through a plurality of steel belts. One end of a steel belt in the balance calibration system is connected with the three-dimensional force sensor 3 at the designated position of the outer sleeve 2, the connection point is the origin of the coordinate system of the three-dimensional force sensor 3, and the other end of the steel belt is connected with a weight tray for bearing load. The three-dimensional force sensor can directly measure the load on the steel belt connected with the three-dimensional force sensor, and the load error generated in the force transmission process of the steel belt is avoided. And calculating the actual load of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated according to the force load information measured by the three-dimensional force sensor, wherein the actual load is used for calculating a balance formula.
The invention provides a brand new body axis system calibration mode for wind tunnel balance calibration, overcomes the problems of complex balance calibration system, low working efficiency, large error of a displacement correction method and the like of the existing mechanism reset method, simultaneously does not need to be matched with a deformation displacement measurement system and a reset mechanism, reduces the complexity of the calibration system, saves the manufacturing cost, improves the working calibration efficiency, and has wide application prospect in the technical field of wind tunnel balance calibration.
As shown in fig. 1, a novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve comprises an inner sleeve 1, an outer sleeve 2 and a three-dimensional force sensor 3, and is used as a main force bearing, transmission and measurement component during load loading in a wind tunnel balance calibration system.
Fig. 2 shows an inner sleeve 1 according to the present invention, wherein the inner sleeve 1 is cylindrical and has a tapered hole section therein for matching with a front cone of a wind tunnel balance to be calibrated.
Fig. 3 is an assembly view of the outer sleeve 2 and the three-dimensional force sensor 3 according to the present invention. The outer sleeve comprises an outer cylinder 21, a support arm 22 and a locking ring 23. The outer cylinder 21 is cylindrical, the inner diameter of the outer cylinder is consistent with the outer diameter of the inner sleeve 1, cylindrical surface matching is formed, and the outer cylinder 21 can slide and rotate on the inner sleeve 1 along the axis of the inner sleeve; the support arm 22 is a cross beam with thick middle and thin two ends, a through hole is arranged in the middle, the inner diameter of the through hole is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 21, and the support arm 22 is sleeved outside the outer cylinder 21 through the through hole and is connected and fixed through a pin; the locking ring 23 (fig. 4) includes a circular ring-shaped body having a gap at one end, and protruding lugs respectively disposed at both sides of the gap, and a screw passes through the 2 lugs, and tightening the screw can reduce the gap and the inner diameter of the circular ring. The inner diameter of the locking ring 23 is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 21, the locking ring is sleeved on the outer cylinder 21, and the outer sleeve 2 can be fixed on the inner sleeve 1 by tightening the screw. The three-dimensional force sensor 3 is a sensor capable of measuring three force vectors of Fx, Fy and Fz in a Cartesian coordinate system, and is arranged on the outer sleeve 2, and the position and the number of the three-dimensional force sensor 3 are determined according to the form of the balance loading sleeve and the calibration load of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated.
Further, the outer sleeve 2 can be I-shaped or cross-shaped, when the outer sleeve 2 comprises 1 support arm, the outer sleeve 2 is cross-shaped, and when the outer sleeve 2 comprises 2 support arms, the outer sleeve 2 is I-shaped; the extending direction of the support arm, namely the direction of the cross beam is vertical to the axis of the outer cylinder and is fixedly connected with the outer cylinder through a pin.
Furthermore, the number of the support arms 22 is 1, and the centroids of the support arms 22 are overlapped with the centroids of the outer cylinders 21; or the number of the support arms 22 is 2, and the centroids of the 2 support arms 22 are positioned on the axis of the outer cylinder 21 and have equal distances from the centroid of the outer cylinder 21.
Further, the three-dimensional force sensor 3 is cylindrical, the origin of a coordinate system of the three-dimensional force sensor is a connecting point with the steel belt, and the three-dimensional force F in the measuring space is measuredx，FyAnd FzAnd no moment component.
Further, the number of the locking rings 23 is not less than 2.
Further, the position of the three-dimensional force sensor 3 fixed on the outer sleeve 2 is relatively fixed in the balance coordinate system.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated is generally a rod type, one end of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated is connected with the inner sleeve 1, the other end of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated is connected with the balance support rod, the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated is completely arranged in the inner sleeve 1, the balance support rod is partially arranged in the inner sleeve 1, a sufficient gap is left between the balance support rod and the inner sleeve 1, and the other end of the balance support rod is fixed, so that a cantilever state is formed.
The method for calibrating the wind tunnel balance by adopting the novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve comprises the following steps:
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a wind-tunnel balance loading sleeve installed in a wind-tunnel balance calibration system for calibrating the wind-tunnel balance. The wind tunnel balance calibration system generally comprises a balance calibration frame and a calibration load applying mechanism, preferably, the calibration load applying mechanism comprises a steel belt, a pulley, a weight tray and weights;
(1) fixing a balance support rod system provided with the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated on a balance calibration frame support;
(2) connecting an inner sleeve 1 of a balance loading sleeve with a balance to be calibrated, wherein a taper hole section of the inner sleeve 1 is in taper fit with a front taper of the balance and is tightened and fixed through a bolt;
(3) installing an outer sleeve 2 of a balance loading sleeve, matching the outer sleeve 2 and the inner sleeve 1 in a cylindrical manner, adjusting the position of the outer sleeve 2 relative to the inner sleeve 1 according to the position of the center of alignment of the balance to be calibrated until the geometric centroid of the outer sleeve is coincided with the center of alignment of the balance, and fixing the outer sleeve 2 by using a locking ring 23 so that the outer sleeve cannot move;
(4) one end of the steel belt, which is not connected with a weight tray (used for loading weights), is connected with the three-dimensional force sensor 3 on the loading sleeve, and meanwhile, the steel belt bypasses a pulley (namely a reversing mechanism); adjusting the position of the pulley to enable the steel belt to be parallel to corresponding coordinate axes in a balance coordinate system;
(5) when the wind tunnel balance is calibrated, according to the calibration load requirement, a weight with a specified weight is loaded on one or more weight trays, the weight G is transmitted to a loading sleeve through a steel belt, and the loading sleeve is fixedly connected with the balance to be calibrated, so that the load of the balance to be calibrated is realized, namely the stress of the loading sleeve is equal to the stress of the balance to be calibrated. In the process, due to the existence of the friction force F at the pulley, the steel belt winds around the pulley and then exerts the tension force F on the loading sleevePulling deviceThe weight G of the applied weight is less than that of the applied weight, and the weight G of the applied weight is not completely transmitted to the wind tunnel balance through the steel belt and the loading sleeve; on the other hand, the balance can deform after being loaded, and the direction of the steel belt connected with the loading sleeve is not longer in contact with the balance coordinate system OxyzAre parallel to the corresponding coordinate axes, the steel strip tension FPulling deviceThe axial load is not specified by the balance, and when the balance formula is calculated, if the weight G is still used as the load borne by the balance to be calibrated, a large calibration load error is necessarily brought in.
G＝FPulling device+f (1)
(6) With a certain calibration load thereinThe loading mechanism is an example for analysis, and the deformation of the loading sleeve following the balance after loading the weight is schematically shown in fig. 7. The balance loading sleeve is fixedly connected with the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, and the deformation of the balance to be calibrated cannot influence the coordinate system O 'of the three-dimensional force sensor'xyzIn the coordinate system O of the balancexyzDue to the constant position of the pulleys, the tension F of the steel stripPulling deviceWill no longer be parallel to either axis of the two coordinate systems, i.e. the strip tension FPulling deviceAnd a three-dimensional force sensor coordinate system O'xyzThe axes are at an included angle. Wherein the connection point of the three-dimensional force sensor 3 and the steel strip is a coordinate system O'xyzOrigin, according to the principle of force synthesis and decomposition, of which the component f is measuredx'、fy' and fz' resultant force FCombination of Chinese herbsEqual to the tension F of the steel strip connected theretoPulling device；
(7) Since the geometric center of the balance loading sleeve coincides with the balance center of alignment and the position of the three-dimensional force sensor 3 is fixed, the position of the three-dimensional force sensor 3 in the balance coordinate system is known, i.e. the coordinate system O'xyzIs in the balance coordinate system OxyzPosition coordinates of (l)x，ly，lz) It is known to convert the actual load measured by the three-dimensional force sensor 3 into the balance coordinate system OxyzSo as to obtain the accurate actual load (F) of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated in the balance coordinate systemx，Fy，Fz，Mx，My，Mz). The specific relationship between the above parameters is shown in the following equation.
The calculation of the above process is performed for each three-dimensional force sensor (number 1 to n), and then the calculation is converted into a balance coordinate system OxyzThe load is superposed, and all components of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated under the loaded load can be obtainedThe actual load of (2).
(8) And calculating a balance formula according to the actual load of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated and the corresponding output result.
Compared with the conventional wind tunnel balance calibration method, the method has the advantages that the balance body shafting calibration can be realized, the calibration system is simplified, the calibration efficiency is improved, more importantly, the load error in the balance calibration process is small, and the calibration accuracy of the balance is improved.
Example 1
The specific size of the wind tunnel balance calibration device can be designed according to the load of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, and the principle is high strength and rigidity and light weight. In this embodiment, the inner sleeve inner diameter is 40mm, the external diameter is 45mm, length is 300mm, the outer sleeve inner tube inner diameter is 45mm, the external diameter is 50mm, length is 240mm, 2 support arm structures are adopted, the support arm and the outer sleeve form an I shape, the support arm length is 240mm, and the number of the three-dimensional force sensors is 9.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (11)
1. A novel wind-tunnel balance loading sleeve is used as a part of a wind-tunnel balance calibration system and used for realizing calibration of a wind-tunnel balance, the wind-tunnel balance calibration system further comprises a balance calibration frame and a calibration load applying mechanism, and the wind-tunnel balance calibration system is characterized by comprising an inner sleeve (1), an outer sleeve (2) and a three-dimensional force sensor (3);
the inner sleeve (1) is connected with a front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated; the outer sleeve (2) is arranged on the outer side of the inner sleeve (1) and is coaxial with the inner sleeve, can move axially or rotate around an axis relative to the inner sleeve (1), is locked and fixed relative to the inner sleeve (1) and is used for adjusting the centroid position of the outer sleeve (2); the three-dimensional force sensor (3) is arranged on the outer sleeve (2) and connected with each calibration load applying mechanism, and is used for measuring the component force of the actual load, transmitted to the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, of the calibration load in the three-dimensional direction in the sensor coordinate system, and further obtaining the actual load borne by the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated in the balance coordinate system.
2. The novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the number of the three-dimensional force sensors (3) and the number of the calibration load applying mechanisms are equal.
3. The novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the calibration load applying mechanism comprises a steel belt, a pulley, a weight tray and a weight, one end of the steel belt is connected with the three-dimensional force sensor (3), and the other end of the steel belt is connected with the weight tray with the built-in weight through the pulley.
4. The novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the outer sleeve (2) comprises an outer cylinder (21), an arm (22) and a locking ring (23); the outer cylinder (21) is arranged outside the inner sleeve (1), is coaxial with the inner sleeve and can move or rotate along the axial direction relative to the inner sleeve (1); the support arm (22) is of a cross beam structure arranged on the outer side of the outer cylinder (21), and the direction of the cross beam is vertical to the axis of the outer cylinder (21) and is fixed through a pin; the locking ring (23) is sleeved on the outer cylinder (21) and used for realizing locking and positioning of the outer sleeve relative to the inner sleeve (1), the locking ring (23) is an annular hoop and is connected with a protruding lug at a hoop gap through a screw to realize fixation and release;
the three-dimensional force sensor (3) is arranged on the support arm (22) and the outer cylinder (21) and is connected with each calibration load applying mechanism in the wind tunnel balance calibration system;
the inner sleeve (1) is provided with a taper hole matched with a front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, and the taper hole is matched with the front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated to realize connection of the inner sleeve (1) and the front cone of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated.
5. The novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the number of the locking rings (23) is not less than 2;
the number of the support arms (22) is 1, and the centroids of the support arms (22) are overlapped with the centroids of the outer cylinders (21); or the number of the support arms (22) is 2, and the centroids of the 2 support arms (22) are positioned on the axis of the outer cylinder (21) and have equal distance to the centroid of the outer cylinder (21).
6. A novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve according to claim 3, characterized in that the number of said three-dimensional force sensors (3) is equal to the number of force transmission steel strips in the calibration system of the wind tunnel balance.
7. A wind tunnel balance calibration method is characterized in that the method is realized by adopting the novel wind tunnel balance loading sleeve of any one of claims 1-6, and comprises the following steps:
step S1, mounting a balance support rod provided with the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated on a balance calibration frame, and adjusting the balance posture;
step S2, connecting the inner sleeve (1) of the balance loading sleeve with the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated;
step S3, an outer sleeve (2) of the balance loading sleeve is installed, the position of the outer sleeve (2) relative to the inner sleeve (1) is adjusted until the geometric centroid of the outer sleeve (2) coincides with the center of alignment of the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated, and locking and fixing are carried out;
step S4, adjusting the position of the load applying mechanism and connecting each calibration load applying mechanism with the corresponding three-dimensional force sensor (3);
step S5, carrying out calibration load loading on the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated according to a preset load meter through a calibration load applying mechanism;
step S6 is performed by acquiring the three-dimensional force sensors (3)Connected calibration load applying mechanisms apply actual loads to be calibrated wind tunnel balance in a sensor coordinate system O'xyzMiddle three component force load f'x，f’y，f’z；
Step S7 f 'acquired by each three-dimensional force sensor (3)'x，f’y，f’zAnd the positions of the three-dimensional force sensors in the balance coordinate system to obtain a balance coordinate system OxyzNext, the actual load of the balance to be calibrated;
and step S8, obtaining a balance formula according to the actual load of the wind-tunnel balance to be calibrated and the output result of the wind-tunnel balance to be calibrated.
8. The wind tunnel balance calibration method according to claim 7, wherein the step S7 comprises the following steps:
s71 sensor coordinate system O 'acquired by each three-dimensional force sensor (3)'xyzMiddle three component force load f'x，f’y，f’zAnd the position of the three-dimensional force sensors in the coordinate system of the balancex，ly，lz) Obtaining the coordinate system O of the balancexyzNext, calibrating the actual load of the balance at the position of each three-dimensional force sensor (3);
s72, the actual loads of the calibration balance at the position of each three-dimensional force sensor (3) are superposed to obtain a balance coordinate system OxyzThe actual load of the balance is calibrated down.
9. The wind tunnel balance calibration method according to claim 8, wherein in step S71, the calculation formula of the actual load of the calibration balance at each position of the three-dimensional force sensors (3) is:
F’x，F’y，F’z，M’x，M’y，M’zis O under the coordinate system of the balancexyzWind tunnel balance to be calibrated at the position of each lower three-dimensional force sensor (3)The actual six component load.
10. The wind tunnel balance calibration method according to claim 9, wherein in step S72,
Fx，Fy，Fz，Mx，My，Mzas a coordinate system O of the balancexyzThe actual load of the lower calibration balance; f'xi，F’yi，F’zi，M’xi，M’yi，M’ziAs a coordinate system O of the balancexyzAnd then, calibrating the actual load of the balance at the position of the ith three-dimensional force sensor (3), wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, and n is the number of the three-dimensional force sensors.
11. The wind tunnel balance calibration method according to claim 7, wherein the calibration load applying mechanisms comprise a steel belt, pulleys, weight trays and weights, and in step S4, the positions of the load applying mechanisms are adjusted and each calibration load applying mechanism is connected to its corresponding three-dimensional force sensor (3) by connecting one end of the steel belt to the three-dimensional force sensor (3) and the other end of the steel belt to the weight tray for placing the weights through the pulleys, and then adjusting the positions of the pulleys so that the steel belt is parallel to the corresponding coordinate axes in the coordinate system of the balance;
in step S6, the three-dimensional force sensors (3) acquire the actual load of the calibration load transmitted to the wind tunnel balance to be calibrated as the tension of the steel strip connected thereto, the steel strip tension being in the sensor coordinate system O'xyzComponent force f ofx’、fy' and fz' is expressed in the form of.
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| CN114166461A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-11 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Wind-tunnel balance non-resetting body axis system calibrating device |
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| CN115655641A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-01-31 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | High-precision loading force application device and method for wind tunnel balance calibration |
| CN115752999A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-03-07 | 中国航空工业集团公司哈尔滨空气动力研究所 | Low-speed wind tunnel balance detects loading head |
| CN117073971A (en) * | 2023-10-17 | 2023-11-17 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Reset control method based on loading head posture calculation and balance signal feedback |
| CN117091801A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2023-11-21 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Balance calibration method based on two-degree-of-freedom calibration equipment |
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