CN103601984A - 一种脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备热塑性硫化胶的方法 - Google Patents

一种脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备热塑性硫化胶的方法 Download PDF

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CN103601984A
CN103601984A CN201310555050.1A CN201310555050A CN103601984A CN 103601984 A CN103601984 A CN 103601984A CN 201310555050 A CN201310555050 A CN 201310555050A CN 103601984 A CN103601984 A CN 103601984A
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卢灿辉
张新星
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备热塑性硫化胶的方法,其特点是将凝胶含量为50-70%、粒径为10-120μm的脱硫三元乙丙胶粉100~400重量份,三元乙丙生胶100重量份,操作油70~300重量份与硫磺硫化体系:氧化锌2~5重量份,硬脂酸1~3重量份,硫磺0.5~5重量份,2,2'-二硫代二苯并噻唑0.5~1.5重量份,二硫化四甲基秋兰姆0.5~1.5重量份;或酚醛树脂硫化体系:酚醛树脂5~15重量份,氯化亚锡0.5~3重量份,用双辊开炼机混炼,即得混炼胶;然后,再将上述混炼胶机械破碎成小块后与聚丙烯80~200重量份在双螺杆挤出机中实施动态硫化造粒,挤出机螺杆转速为60~100rpm,温度为160~200℃,得热塑性硫化胶。

Description

一种脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备热塑性硫化胶的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备热塑性硫化胶的方法,属于高分子材料的加工领域。
背景技术
随着工业化水平的提高,国内外汽车用三元乙丙橡胶密封件制品、发泡制品的产量迅速递增,给环境造成极大污染,废旧三元乙丙橡胶的回收及循环利用受到人们的极大重视。同时,三元乙丙橡胶/聚丙烯动态硫化制得的热塑性硫化胶在汽车、电子电气行业应用越来越广泛。与传统热固性橡胶相比,热塑性硫化胶不仅具有热固性橡胶的高弹性和使用性能,而且打破了热固性橡胶的成型方法和回收方法,采用塑料的各种成型方法进行成型加工,可以方便地多次进行回收再利用。热塑性硫化胶材料优异的综合性能,使得其广泛应用于国民经济的各个领域。但传统热塑性硫化胶的价格成本很难再有大幅度下降空间,现有热塑性硫化胶的材料成本大都超过同类硫化橡胶的总成本,不具有竞争能力,因而开发低成本、高性能的热塑性硫化胶材料制备新技术具有重大意义。采用废旧三元乙丙橡胶替代部分生胶制备热塑性硫化胶被认为是降低成本的有效途径,但废旧三元乙丙橡胶由于具有三维交联结构,与聚丙烯基体间的相容性较差,导致热塑性硫化胶性能显著降低[J.K.Kim,S.H.Lee and S.H.Hwang,Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2003,90,2503.]。因此,对废旧三元乙丙橡胶进行脱硫预处理,从而制备性能优异的热塑性硫化胶是目前亟待解决的难题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足而提供一种脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备热塑性硫化胶的方法,其特点是采用固相力化学反应器(ZL200410040237.9)对废旧三元乙丙橡胶进行超细粉碎和力化学脱硫,然后将脱硫三元乙丙胶粉添加到三元乙丙生胶中,并与硫化助剂在双辊开炼机上混合均匀,制得混炼胶;经破碎后与聚丙烯在双螺杆挤出机中实施动态硫化,通过交联体系、操作油和软化增塑剂的复配,以及动态硫化工艺调控脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯热塑性硫化胶的相形态结构,获得高性能、低成本热塑性硫化胶。
本发明采用以下技术措施实现,其中所述原料份数除特殊说明外,均为重量份数。
脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备热塑性硫化胶的方法包括以下步骤:
(1)脱硫三元乙丙胶粉的制备
将废旧三元乙丙橡胶加入固相力化学反应器中进行粉碎和脱硫,转速1000-3000rpm,同时通入循环水冷却,控制循环水温度在5-35℃,经反复碾磨3-10次,在剪切力、压力和摩擦力共同作用下,实现超细粉碎和应力诱导力化学脱硫,脱硫三元乙丙胶粉的凝胶含量为50-70%,粒径为10-120μm,备用;
(2)混炼胶的制备
将凝胶含量为50-70%、粒径为10-120μm的脱硫三元乙丙胶粉100~400份,三元乙丙生胶100份,操作油70~300份与硫磺硫化体系:氧化锌2~5份,硬脂酸1~3份,硫磺0.5~5份,2,2'-二硫代二苯并噻唑0.5~1.5份,二硫化四甲基秋兰姆0.5~1.5份;或酚醛树脂硫化体系:酚醛树脂5~15份,氯化亚锡0.5~3份,用双辊开炼机混炼,即得混炼胶;
(3)热塑性硫化胶的制备
将上述混炼胶机械破碎成小块后与聚丙烯80~200重量份在双螺杆挤出机中实施动态硫化造粒,挤出机螺杆转速为60~100rpm,温度为160~200℃,得热塑性硫化胶。
所述三元乙丙生胶的门尼粘度(ML1+4)为35~60。
所述操作油为石蜡油、环烷油或白油中的任一种。
脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备热塑性硫化胶的方法得到的脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯热塑性硫化胶。
脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯热塑性硫化胶用于汽车密封条、挡泥板、手柄、电线电缆绝缘层及护套、机电外壳或电气脚垫领域。
性能测试:
1.采用拉力试验机测试热塑性硫化胶的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率,拉伸速率500mm/min,详见表1所示,结果表明脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备的热塑性硫化胶与未脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备的热塑性硫化胶相比,力学性能提高了1~2倍。
2.采用橡胶硬度计测试热塑性硫化胶的邵尔A硬度,详见表1所示,结果表明脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备的热塑性硫化胶与未脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备的热塑性硫化胶相比,邵尔A硬度有所降低。
本发明具有如下优点:
1.脱硫三元乙丙胶粉添加量大,最高可占共混物总质量的40~60%,成本低,应用广泛。
2.综合性能优越,与未脱硫的废旧三元乙丙橡胶所制备的热塑性硫化胶相比较,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率显著提升。
3.工艺简单,操作简便,制品可循环回收利用,有利于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明进行具体描述,有必要在此指出的是以下实施例只用于对本发明进行进一步说明,不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制,该领域的技术熟练人员可以根据上述内容对本发明作出一些非本质的改进和调整。
实施例1
将凝胶含量为70%、粒径为120μm的脱硫三元乙丙胶粉100份,三元乙丙生胶100份,白油120份与硫磺硫化体系(氧化锌5份,硬脂酸2份,硫磺0.5份,2,2'-二硫代二苯并噻唑0.7份,二硫化四甲基秋兰姆1.5份),用双辊开炼机混合,得到混炼胶。将制得的混炼胶进行机械破碎后,与80份聚丙烯在双螺杆挤出机中实施动态硫化并造粒,挤出机螺杆转速为60rpm。
实施例2
将凝胶含量为60%、粒径为100μm的脱硫三元乙丙胶粉150份,三元乙丙生胶100份,石蜡油70份与硫磺硫化体系(氧化锌4份,硬脂酸3份,硫磺1.5份,2,2'-二硫代二苯并噻唑0.5份,二硫化四甲基秋兰姆1.5份),用双辊开炼机混合,得到混炼胶。将制得的混炼胶进行机械破碎后,与100份聚丙烯在双螺杆挤出机中实施动态硫化并造粒,挤出机螺杆转速为80rpm。
实施例3
将凝胶含量为60%、粒径为100μm的脱硫三元乙丙胶粉400份,三元乙丙生胶100份,环烷油300份与硫磺硫化体系(氧化锌5份,硬脂酸2份,硫磺1.5份,2,2'-二硫代二苯并噻唑0.5份,二硫化四甲基秋兰姆0.75份),用双辊开炼机混合,得到混炼胶。将制得的混炼胶进行机械破碎后,与200份聚丙烯在双螺杆挤出机中实施动态硫化并造粒,挤出机螺杆转速为100rpm。
实施例4
将凝胶含量为50%、粒径为10μm的脱硫三元乙丙胶粉400份,三元乙丙生胶100份,环烷油200份与硫磺硫化体系(氧化锌2份,硬脂酸1份,硫磺1.2份,2,2'-二硫代二苯并噻唑1.5份,二硫化四甲基秋兰姆0.5份),用双辊开炼机混合,得到混炼胶。将制得的混炼胶进行机械破碎后,与200份聚丙烯在双螺杆挤出机中实施动态硫化并造粒,挤出机螺杆转速为80rpm。
实施例5
将凝胶含量为60%、粒径为100μm的脱硫三元乙丙胶粉400份,三元乙丙生胶100份,环烷油200份与酚醛树脂硫化体系(酚醛树脂15份,氯化亚锡3份),用双辊开炼机混合,得到混炼胶。将制得的混炼胶进行机械破碎后,与200份聚丙烯在双螺杆挤出机中实施动态硫化并造粒,挤出机螺杆转速为80rpm。
实施例6
将凝胶含量为60%、粒径为100μm的脱硫三元乙丙胶粉200份,三元乙丙生胶100份,环烷油100份与酚醛树脂硫化体系(酚醛树脂5份,氯化亚锡0.5份),用双辊开炼机混合,得到混炼胶。将制得的混炼胶进行机械破碎后,与100份聚丙烯在双螺杆挤出机中实施动态硫化并造粒,挤出机螺杆转速为80rpm。
实施例7
将凝胶含量为60%、粒径为100μm的脱硫三元乙丙胶粉200份,三元乙丙生胶100份,环烷油100份与酚醛树脂硫化体系(酚醛树脂10份,氯化亚锡2.5份),用双辊开炼机混合,得到混炼胶。将制得的混炼胶进行机械破碎后,与200份聚丙烯在双螺杆挤出机中实施动态硫化并造粒,挤出机螺杆转速为80rpm。
应用实例1
采用实施例3中所制备的热塑性硫化胶,经挤出成型得到汽车密封条制品,综合性能优异,成本显著降低。
对比实例1(与实施例3比较)
将粒径为100μm、未经脱硫的废旧三元乙丙胶粉400份,三元乙丙生胶100份,环烷油300份与硫磺硫化体系(氧化锌5份,硬脂酸2份,硫磺1.5份,2,2'-二硫代二苯并噻唑0.5份,二硫化四甲基秋兰姆0.75份),用双辊开炼机混合,得到混炼胶。将制得的混炼胶进行机械破碎后,与200份聚丙烯在双螺杆挤出机中实施动态硫化并造粒,挤出机螺杆转速为100rpm。
对比实例2(与实施例7比较)
将粒径为100μm、未经脱硫的废旧三元乙丙胶粉200份,三元乙丙生胶100份,环烷油100份与酚醛树脂硫化体系(酚醛树脂10份,氯化亚锡2.5份),用双辊开炼机混合,得到混炼胶。将制得的混炼胶进行机械破碎后,与200份聚丙烯在双螺杆挤出机中实施动态硫化并造粒,挤出机螺杆转速为80rpm。
表1实施例与对比实例的性能比较
Figure BDA0000410849580000051

Claims (5)

1.一种脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备热塑性硫化胶的方法,其特征在于该方法包括以下步骤:
(1)脱硫三元乙丙胶粉的制备
将废旧三元乙丙橡胶加入固相力化学反应器中进行粉碎和脱硫,转速1000-3000rpm,同时通入循环水冷却,控制循环水温度在5-35℃,经反复碾磨3-10次,在剪切力、压力和摩擦力共同作用下,实现超细粉碎和应力诱导力化学脱硫,脱硫三元乙丙胶粉的凝胶含量为50-70%,粒径为10-120μm,备用;
(2)混炼胶的制备
将凝胶含量为50-70%、粒径为10-120μm的脱硫三元乙丙胶粉100~400重量份,三元乙丙生胶100重量份,操作油70~300重量份与硫磺硫化体系:氧化锌2~5重量份,硬脂酸1~3重量份,硫磺0.5~5重量份,2,2'-二硫代二苯并噻唑0.5~1.5重量份,二硫化四甲基秋兰姆0.5~1.5重量份;或酚醛树脂硫化体系:酚醛树脂5~15重量份,氯化亚锡0.5~3重量份,用双辊开炼机混炼,即得混炼胶;
(3)热塑性硫化胶的制备
将上述混炼胶机械破碎成小块后与聚丙烯80~200重量份在双螺杆挤出机中实施动态硫化造粒,挤出机螺杆转速为60~100rpm,温度为160~200℃,得热塑性硫化胶。
2.如权利要求1所述脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备热塑性硫化胶的方法,其特征在于三元乙丙生胶的门尼粘度(ML1+4)为35~60。
3.如权利要求1所述脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备热塑性硫化胶的方法,其特征在于操作油为石蜡油、环烷油或白油中的任一种。
4.如权利要求1~3之一所述脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯共混制备热塑性硫化胶的方法得到的脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯热塑性硫化胶。
5.如权利要求4所述脱硫三元乙丙胶粉/聚丙烯热塑性硫化胶用于汽车密封条、挡泥板、手柄、电线电缆绝缘层及护套、机电外壳或电气脚垫领域。
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