CN103598069B - The dual-purpose unit of a kind of small-sized portable spray drip irrigation - Google Patents
The dual-purpose unit of a kind of small-sized portable spray drip irrigation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103598069B CN103598069B CN201310515933.XA CN201310515933A CN103598069B CN 103598069 B CN103598069 B CN 103598069B CN 201310515933 A CN201310515933 A CN 201310515933A CN 103598069 B CN103598069 B CN 103598069B
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- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 claims 8
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种轻小型移动式喷滴灌两用机组，可根据不同作物或不同地形的需求方便地进行喷、滴灌两种灌溉方式的转换，并可实现喷、滴灌两种运行工况。机组包括移动式喷滴灌车，喷灌系统和滴灌系统，移动式喷滴灌车包括小推车、柴油机、自吸泵、施肥罐、过滤器，机组内设备的选型需满足喷灌、滴灌各自的运行需求。该系统首部与移动支管的连接采用快速联接。当机组在喷灌工况运行时，连接管道及喷头，当机组在滴灌工况运行时，连接滴灌带。本发明具有结构紧凑，移动方便，节能减耗的优点。同时，该灌溉机组拓展了轻小机组适应功能，有利于提高我国的农业装备技术水平。
The invention discloses a light and small mobile dual-purpose unit for spraying and drip irrigation, which can conveniently switch between two irrigation modes of spraying and drip irrigation according to the requirements of different crops or different terrains, and can realize two operating conditions of spraying and drip irrigation. The unit includes mobile sprinkler irrigation vehicles, sprinkler irrigation systems and drip irrigation systems. The mobile sprinkler irrigation vehicles include trolleys, diesel engines, self-priming pumps, fertilization tanks, and filters. need. The connection between the head of the system and the mobile branch adopts quick coupling. When the unit is running in sprinkler irrigation mode, connect the pipes and nozzles, and when the unit is running in drip irrigation mode, connect the drip irrigation belt. The invention has the advantages of compact structure, convenient movement, energy saving and consumption reduction. At the same time, the irrigation unit expands the adaptability of light and small units, which is conducive to improving the technical level of agricultural equipment in our country.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于节水灌溉的关键设备，适用于解决灌溉机组功能单一、适应性不强的问题，特指一种轻小型移动式喷滴灌两用机组。 The invention belongs to key equipment for water-saving irrigation, is suitable for solving the problem of single function and poor adaptability of an irrigation unit, and particularly refers to a light and small mobile dual-purpose unit for spraying and drip irrigation.
背景技术 Background technique
现阶段，喷灌技术和滴灌技术是我国节水灌溉的主要形式，也是世界各国公认的较为先进的灌溉技术。其中，喷灌系统主要适用于大麦、小麦等密植作物的种植，具有省水、省工、适应性强；便于机械化、自动化控制等优点。滴灌系统主要适用于棉花、番茄等高杆条播作物的种植，具有节水、节能、灌水均匀、适应性强等优点，还可与施肥相结合，实现水肥同步。 At this stage, sprinkler irrigation technology and drip irrigation technology are the main forms of water-saving irrigation in my country, and they are also relatively advanced irrigation technologies recognized by countries all over the world. Among them, the sprinkler irrigation system is mainly suitable for the cultivation of densely planted crops such as barley and wheat. It has the advantages of saving water, labor, and strong adaptability; it is convenient for mechanization and automatic control. The drip irrigation system is mainly suitable for the planting of high-stem drill crops such as cotton and tomato. It has the advantages of water saving, energy saving, uniform irrigation, and strong adaptability. It can also be combined with fertilization to realize the synchronization of water and fertilizer.
喷灌系统和滴灌系统也存在其不足之处。喷灌系统，特别是固定式喷灌系统的缺点表现为喷灌范围有限、运行费用高、耗用劳力多，灌溉效率低。滴灌系统的主要缺点为耗用滴灌材料多，灌水器易于堵塞，适宜农作物品种有限，局限了其使用范围。目前，现有的灌溉机组还存在功能单一、适应性不强的问题，因此，研制一种轻小型移动式喷滴灌两用机组，根据不同使用场合，发挥喷、滴灌优点，具有十分重要的意义。 Sprinkler irrigation systems and drip irrigation systems also have their shortcomings. The shortcomings of sprinkler irrigation systems, especially fixed sprinkler irrigation systems, are limited sprinkler irrigation range, high operating costs, high labor consumption, and low irrigation efficiency. The main disadvantage of the drip irrigation system is that it consumes a lot of drip irrigation materials, the emitter is easy to block, and the variety of suitable crops is limited, which limits its scope of use. At present, the existing irrigation units still have the problem of single function and poor adaptability. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a light and small mobile sprinkler and drip irrigation dual-purpose unit, which can give full play to the advantages of spray and drip irrigation according to different usage occasions. .
经检索，目前还没有相关的申报专利。本发明具有结构紧凑，移动方便，节能减耗，适应性强的优点，属于一种技术创新。 After searching, there is no relevant declared patent at present. The invention has the advantages of compact structure, convenient movement, energy saving and consumption reduction, and strong adaptability, which belongs to a kind of technological innovation.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明为解决现有灌溉机组功能单一、适应性不强的问题，提供一种轻小型移动式喷滴灌机组，能方便地进行喷、滴灌两种灌溉方式的转换，实现喷、滴灌两种运行工况，机组结构紧凑，移动方便，拓展了轻小机组的适应功能。 In order to solve the problem of single function and poor adaptability of the existing irrigation units, the present invention provides a light and small mobile sprinkler and drip irrigation unit, which can conveniently switch between the two irrigation modes of spray and drip irrigation, and realize the two operations of spray and drip irrigation. Working conditions, the unit has a compact structure and is easy to move, which expands the adaptability of light and small units.
本发明所采用的技术方案是：包括移动式喷滴灌车，喷灌系统和滴灌系统；移动式喷滴灌车包括小推车、柴油机、自吸泵、施肥罐、过滤器，小推车的一端固定装有柴油机，柴油机的一侧装有自吸泵，柴油机经皮带轮与自吸泵相连，柴油机驱动自吸泵；自吸泵的出水管处通过管道连接滴灌通路的过滤器、阀门一及喷灌通路的阀门二，过滤器、阀门一和阀门二的连接方式为过滤器和阀门一串联连接后与阀门二并联连接，然后管道的出水口处连接快速接头；所述经快速接头连接喷灌系统或滴灌系统。移动式喷滴灌车上的各个部件的连接采用钢管连接。所述快速接头连接喷灌系统时，快速接头与移动支管之间设置压力表一，在喷灌支管上连接多个喷头，所述喷头通过竖管、三通接头及三脚支架依次连接后与喷灌支管连接，喷灌支管的尾端连接堵头。所述快速接头连接滴灌系统时，快速接头与滴灌支管之间设置压力表二，在滴灌支管的末端上连接三通接头，通过三通接头安装着均布出水接口的滴灌辅管，分别在滴灌辅管的出水接口上连接滴灌带，滴灌带上均匀分布滴头。喷灌系统和滴灌系统各的部件的连接采用软管连接 The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: comprise mobile drip irrigation vehicle, sprinkler irrigation system and drip irrigation system; Equipped with a diesel engine, one side of the diesel engine is equipped with a self-priming pump, the diesel engine is connected to the self-priming pump through a pulley, and the diesel engine drives the self-priming pump; the outlet pipe of the self-priming pump is connected to the filter of the drip irrigation channel, valve 1 and the sprinkler irrigation channel through pipes Valve 2, the connection mode of filter, valve 1 and valve 2 is that the filter and valve 1 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with valve 2, and then the outlet of the pipeline is connected with a quick joint; the quick joint is connected to the sprinkler irrigation system or drip irrigation system. The connection of various components on the mobile drip irrigation vehicle is connected by steel pipes. When the quick connector is connected to the sprinkler irrigation system, a pressure gauge 1 is set between the quick connector and the movable branch pipe, and a plurality of nozzles are connected to the sprinkler branch pipe. , the tail end of the sprinkler branch pipe is connected with a plug. When the quick connector is connected to the drip irrigation system, a pressure gauge 2 is set between the quick connector and the drip irrigation branch pipe, and a three-way joint is connected to the end of the drip irrigation branch pipe. The water outlet interface of the auxiliary pipe is connected to the drip irrigation belt, and the drippers are evenly distributed on the drip irrigation belt. The components of the sprinkler irrigation system and the drip irrigation system are connected by hoses
本发明工作时，将连接施肥罐的阀门及滴灌通路的阀门关闭，喷灌通路的阀门开启，首部与移动支管通过快速接头相连，来实现对农田的喷灌作业。若需要实施滴灌作业时，喷灌通路的阀门关闭，开启滴灌通路阀门及施肥罐阀门，使过滤器及施肥罐正常运行，滴灌支管端部与机组首部通过快速接头相连，实现滴灌作业。当工作地段结束后，移动手推车至下一个需要灌溉的地段，机组继续作业。 When the present invention works, the valve connected to the fertilization tank and the valve of the drip irrigation channel are closed, the valve of the sprinkler irrigation channel is opened, and the head is connected with the moving branch pipe through a quick joint to realize the sprinkler irrigation operation on the farmland. If it is necessary to implement drip irrigation, the valve of the sprinkler irrigation channel is closed, and the valve of the drip irrigation channel and the fertilization tank are opened to make the filter and fertilization tank operate normally. The end of the drip irrigation branch pipe is connected to the head of the unit through a quick connector to realize drip irrigation. When the work section is over, move the trolley to the next section that needs to be irrigated, and the unit continues to work.
本发明采用的自吸泵所述自吸泵以15m3/h流量，25m扬程为设计点工况点，在0.8Q工况点即流量为12m3/h时，扬程为30m，在1.2Q工况点即流量为18m3/h时扬程为20m，两个设计点流量差值为6m3/h，扬程差值为10m，具有较陡流量—扬程曲线。且该泵平均效率高，可达60%以上，能更好地满足喷灌、滴灌各自的运行工况。 The described self-priming pump of the self-priming pump that the present invention adopts is with 15m 3 /h flow rate, 25m head is the design point operating point, when the 0.8 Q operating point is that the flow rate is 12m 3 /h, the lift is 30m, and at 1.2 Q The working condition point is that when the flow rate is 18m 3 /h, the head is 20m, the flow difference between the two design points is 6m 3 /h, and the head difference is 10m, which has a relatively steep flow-head curve. Moreover, the average efficiency of the pump is high, which can reach more than 60%, which can better meet the respective operating conditions of sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation.
本发明采用的施肥装置，采用“负压吸入法”，利用水泵进水管处的负压，在进水管上侧面安装吸肥管，吸肥管连接施肥罐，吸肥管上设有阀门，施肥罐设在小车外部，置于地面上；所述吸肥管连接自吸泵的进水管处设有过滤网罩。过滤网罩作用为，当流体流经时，阻挡其内部杂质，以达净化水质及保护系统其他设备正常工作的目的。 The fertilization device adopted in the present invention adopts the "negative pressure suction method", utilizes the negative pressure at the water inlet pipe of the water pump, installs a fertilizer suction pipe on the upper side of the water inlet pipe, and the fertilizer suction pipe is connected to the fertilization tank. The tank is arranged on the outside of the trolley and placed on the ground; a filter screen cover is arranged at the water inlet pipe where the fertilizer suction pipe is connected to the self-priming pump. The function of the filter screen cover is to block the internal impurities when the fluid flows through, so as to purify the water quality and protect the normal operation of other equipment in the system.
本发明专利的优点在于：实现了机组的双工况运行，机组移动方便，适应性强，操作简便，运行费用较低。相比其他喷滴灌系统，机组整体结构紧凑、简单，节约能耗。 The advantages of the patent of the present invention are: the realization of the dual-working condition operation of the unit, the unit is convenient to move, has strong adaptability, is easy to operate, and has low operating costs. Compared with other sprinkler and drip irrigation systems, the overall structure of the unit is compact and simple, which saves energy consumption.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明移动式喷滴灌车的结构示意图； Fig. 1 is the structural representation of mobile drip irrigation vehicle of the present invention;
图2为本发明喷灌系统示意图； Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of sprinkler irrigation system of the present invention;
图3为本发明滴灌系统示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the drip irrigation system of the present invention.
图中，1.小推车，2.柴油机，3.自吸泵，4.皮带轮，5.施肥罐，6.阀门，7.过滤器，8.阀门一，9.阀门二，10.快速接头，11.喷灌支管，12.压力表一，13.喷头，14.竖管，15.三通接头，16.三脚支架，17.堵头，18.滴灌支管，19.压力表二，20.三通接头，21.滴灌辅管，22.滴灌带，23.滴头。 In the figure, 1. Small trolley, 2. Diesel engine, 3. Self-priming pump, 4. Pulley, 5. Fertilization tank, 6. Valve, 7. Filter, 8. Valve one, 9. Valve two, 10. Fast Connector, 11. Spray irrigation branch pipe, 12. Pressure gauge one, 13. Nozzle, 14. Vertical pipe, 15. Tee joint, 16. Tripod bracket, 17. Plug, 18. Drip irrigation branch pipe, 19. Pressure gauge two, 20 . Tee joint, 21. Drip irrigation auxiliary pipe, 22. Drip irrigation tape, 23. Emitter.
具体实施方式 detailed description
一种移动式喷滴灌车，结合附图1，其包括小推车1、柴油机2、自吸泵3、施肥罐5、过滤器7及各阀门，小推车1的一侧固定装有柴油机2，柴油机2的一侧装有自吸泵3，柴油机2经皮带轮4与自吸泵3相连，柴油机2驱动自吸泵3；自吸泵3的进水管上侧面安装吸肥管，吸肥管连接施肥罐5，吸肥管上设有阀门6，施肥罐5设在小车外部，置于地面上；所述吸肥管连接自吸泵3的进水管处设有过滤网罩。自吸泵3的出水管处通过管道连接滴灌通路的过滤器7、阀门一8及喷灌通路的阀门二9，过滤器7、阀门一8和阀门二9的连接方式为过滤器7和阀门一8串联连接后与阀门二9并联连接，然后管道的出水口处连接快速接头10；所述经快速接头10连接喷灌系统或滴灌系统。 A mobile drip irrigation vehicle, in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, it includes a trolley 1, a diesel engine 2, a self-priming pump 3, a fertilization tank 5, a filter 7 and various valves, and one side of the trolley 1 is fixedly equipped with a diesel engine 2. A self-priming pump 3 is installed on one side of the diesel engine 2, and the diesel engine 2 is connected to the self-priming pump 3 through a pulley 4, and the diesel engine 2 drives the self-priming pump 3; The pipe is connected to the fertilization tank 5, and the fertilizer suction pipe is provided with a valve 6, and the fertilization tank 5 is arranged on the outside of the trolley and placed on the ground; the water inlet pipe where the fertilizer suction pipe is connected to the self-priming pump 3 is provided with a filter screen cover. The outlet pipe of the self-priming pump 3 is connected to the filter 7, valve one 8 and valve two 9 of the drip irrigation passage through pipelines, and the connection mode of the filter 7, valve one 8 and valve two 9 is filter 7 and valve one 8 is connected in parallel with valve two 9 after being connected in series, and then the water outlet of the pipeline is connected with a quick connector 10; the quick connector 10 is connected to a sprinkler irrigation system or a drip irrigation system.
实施例1，当本发明实现喷灌系统运行时，自吸泵3进水管伸入河道或沟渠，本发明自吸泵为具有较陡的流量—扬程曲线，平均效率高，能更好的满足喷灌、滴灌各自的运行工况。 Embodiment 1, when the present invention realizes the operation of the sprinkler irrigation system, the water inlet pipe of the self-priming pump 3 extends into the river or ditch, and the self-priming pump of the present invention has a steeper flow-lift curve, has a high average efficiency, and can better meet the needs of the sprinkler irrigation. , The respective operating conditions of drip irrigation.
机组动力由柴油机2提供，关闭控制施肥罐5的阀门6，开启喷灌通路的阀门二9，关闭滴灌通路的阀门一8，通过快速接头连接喷灌支管11，参照图2所示，配置的喷灌支管11随喷灌面积决定。 The power of the unit is provided by the diesel engine 2, close the valve 6 controlling the fertilization tank 5, open the valve 2 9 of the sprinkler irrigation channel, close the valve 1 8 of the drip irrigation channel, and connect the sprinkler irrigation branch pipe 11 through the quick connector, as shown in Figure 2, the configured sprinkler irrigation branch pipe 11 Determined with the area of sprinkler irrigation.
实施例2，如需要实施滴灌作业时，开启阀门6，采用“负压吸入法”施肥，使肥料在自吸泵3吸入口的负压下融入喷灌用水中，关闭喷灌通路的阀门二9，开启滴灌通路的阀门一8，使喷灌用水流经过滤器7进行过滤，过滤器7为自动反冲洗式过滤器，可循环工作。经过滤器7后，经快速接头连接滴灌支管18，如图3所示，后经辅管21连接滴灌带22，即可实现滴灌作业。 Embodiment 2, when needing to implement drip irrigation operation, open valve 6, adopt " negative pressure suction method " fertilization, fertilizer is melted in the water for sprinkling irrigation under the negative pressure of self-priming pump 3 suction ports, close the valve two 9 of sprinkling irrigation passage, Open the valve one 8 of the drip irrigation channel, so that the water for sprinkler irrigation flows through the filter 7 for filtering, and the filter 7 is an automatic backwashing filter, which can work in a circular manner. After passing through the filter 7, the drip irrigation branch pipe 18 is connected through the quick joint, as shown in Figure 3, and then the drip irrigation belt 22 is connected through the auxiliary pipe 21 to realize the drip irrigation operation.
Claims (7)
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| CN104067755A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-10-01 | 上海华维节水灌溉有限公司 | Movable irrigation and fertilization head |
| CN104521698B (en) * | 2014-12-06 | 2017-01-25 | 西北农林科技大学 | Light-small automatic walk canal feeding type irrigator |
| CN105320136B (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2018-03-06 | 江苏大学 | A kind of discontinuity drags sprinkling irrigation unit control system and control method |
| CN107318601A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-07 | 江苏大学 | A kind of dual-purpose pair of torch-type mobile sprinkler of small-sized liquid manure |
| CN111213575B (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2022-04-26 | 江苏大学 | A spray system with high atomization effect and its operation method |
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| CN2567952Y (en) * | 2001-05-18 | 2003-08-27 | 夏博燕 | Self-sucking spray (dripping) irrigation fertilizer applicator |
| CN2634813Y (en) * | 2003-02-18 | 2004-08-25 | 曲靖市农业机械技术推广站 | Drip irrigation micro spraying irrigation machine for irrigation, fertilizer application and pesticide application |
| CN2674840Y (en) * | 2004-02-25 | 2005-02-02 | 卢峰 | Improved quick-connecting joint for spray and drop irrigation |
| CN201168484Y (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2008-12-24 | 林振德 | drip irrigation filter |
| CN102668947B (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2015-01-07 | 鲁东大学 | Water-air coupled high-efficient irrigation system |
| CN202857454U (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2013-04-10 | 江苏吟春碧芽股份有限公司 | Water-saving spray and drip irrigation system for tea garden |
| CN203735059U (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-07-30 | 江苏大学 | Light and small movable spray and drop irrigation dual-purpose unit |
-
2013
- 2013-10-29 CN CN201310515933.XA patent/CN103598069B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103598069A (en) | 2014-02-26 |
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