A kind of cleaning procedure that extracts tabersonine from Voacanga
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant extraction, also relate to extraction tabersonine, be specifically related to extract the cleaning procedure of tabersonine from Voacanga seed.
Background technology
Tabersonine has another name called Aspidospermidine-3-carboxylic acid,2,3,6,7-tetradehydro-(5ALPHA,12BETA,19ALPHA)-methylseter, willow leaf tabersonine, is that African Voacanga (is called for short: a kind of single indoles alkaloid Voacanga), belongs to the Yohimvetol type in catharanthus alkaloid.It has the effects such as step-down, antitumor, hypoglycemic, diuresis, and for the treatment of the various diseases such as apoplexy sequela, ischemia hypertensive encephalopathy, nervosa tachycardia and other plant nervous dysfunction.In addition, Aspidospermidine-3-carboxylic acid,2,3,6,7-tetradehydro-(5ALPHA,12BETA,19ALPHA)-methylseter is also widely used in synthetic cancer therapy drug vinpocetin.
The production of tabersonine is mainly chemosynthesis at present; Or from Voacanga, extract separation and obtain, normally the seed in Voacanga shell is dried, fragmentation extracts.Voacanga aboundresources, raw material sources are extensive.This seed is annual one ripe, can keep biological Sustainable development, and in Voacanga seed, the content of tabersonine is about 2.65% left and right, and content is higher, has industrialization value.The domestic introduction and acclimatization Africa Voacanga that also started.
For the concrete technology technology of extracting separated tabersonine, the technical publicationss such as patent CN201010609832.5, CN201210165108.7, CN201010554096.8, CN201010602111.1, CN201110237688.1 all have introduction, but have following problem:
1. effective component extraction rate is low, and organic solvent consumption is large, causes industrial production cost higher.
2. soda acid usage quantity is large, to equipment is corrosion-resistant, requires highly, and wastewater treatment capacity is large.
3. various toxic organic solvent usage quantitys are large, and recycling difficulty is also unfavorable for the protection of producers' health and environment.
The disclosed technology of immediate documents CN201010602111.1 of take is example, use soda acid to soak, and repeated multiple times adjustment potential of hydrogen, uses a large amount of soda acids, operation steps is more; And soda acid consumption is large, equipment corrosion requires high, and wastewater treatment capacity is large.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of technique of extracting tabersonine from Voacanga of efficient, environmental protection.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of technique of extracting tabersonine from Voacanga, is characterized in that: step comprises:
Pre-treatment: get Voacanga seed and dry, peel off, pulverize;
Micronizing is processed: the material after coarse reduction is carried out to micronizing;
Extract separated: add 1.5-3 doubly to measure ethyl acetate (mass volume ratio) super-fine powder centrifugal after ultrasonic 0.5-1 hour under normal temperature;
Filter residue is doubly measured ethyl acetate (mass volume ratio) refluxing extraction 2 times with 2-5, each 0.5-2 hour;
Reflux extracting liquid and ultrasonic rear centrifugate are merged concentrated; Concentrated main purpose is to reclaim solvent, also reduces the reagent dosage of subsequent disposal, so can be concentrated into solvent-free (ethyl acetate) drop, oozes, and also can determine accordingly an empirical value, for example, be concentrated to certain volume, simplifies the operation;
In concentrated solution, add 0.5-3 doubly to measure (volume ratio) 6%-10%TritonX-114 aqueous solution, insulated and stirred 0.5-1 hour at 35 ℃-50 ℃ is centrifugal; In solid, add suitable quantity of water, stir 10-20 minute, standing, separate upper strata yellow oil, with method extraction 1-3 time; Gained yellow oil is liquid tabersonine product.
Preferably, described yellow oil adds doubly (mass volume ratio) acetic acid ethyl dissolution of 5-10, then adds hydrochloric acid, and tune pH is 4-5, standing 4-8 hour crystallization under room temperature; Through centrifugal, be dried to obtain tabersonine hydrochloride.Recycling after ethyl acetate reclaims, seldom, centrifugal rear centrifugate is processed discharge to sour consumption conventionally.Concentration of hydrochloric acid is not strict with, and preferably uses concentrated hydrochloric acid, reduces usage quantity.
Preferably, described twice backflow gained extracting solution, primary and ultrasonic rear centrifugate merges then concentrated, and extracting solution extracts solvent for the first time as next batch for the second time.
Preferably, described concentrated solution adds centrifugate and the extraction liquid of centrifugal treating after the TritonX-114 aqueous solution to recycle; Because amount seldom, also can process discharge.
Preferably, in described concentration, recovered solvent recycles.
Useful technique effect of the present invention:
1. after the seed of Voacanga being peeled off, extract again pioneeringly, when guaranteeing productive rate, greatly reduce material treatment capacity, greatly reduce solvent usage quantity.And the similar devices such as adopting existing sunflower seeds, Semen Cucurbitae decorticator of peeling off can be realized.
2. adopt micronizing to combine with ultrasonic extraction, improved tabersonine extraction yield, reduced solvent load, shortened extraction time.Supersound process is destroyed material cell tissue, is beneficial to extraction.
3. purge process is introduced Cloud-Point Extraction Technique principle, solves traditional technology soda acid and uses the pollution of environment, the problem such as product yield is low, purity is low.
4. the ingenious combination of technology characteristics, overall extraction efficiency is high, and disposal of pollutants is few; In whole process, can obtain to zero release liquid tabersonine.The processing salify acid & alkali liquid that also only crystallisation process discharge is seldom measured, and this acid & alkali liquid also can be applied mechanically in less demanding occasion.Realize zero release.
Embodiment
Provide preferred embodiment below, so that those skilled in the art are more clear and technical scheme clearly of the present invention and useful technique effect.But enforcement of the present invention is not limited in the following example.Simultaneously do not prove that formula of the present invention is unique particular requirement yet, but allow to be reasonably equal to the error of replacement and industrial production, practical application.
Embodiment mono-
Voacanga pre-treatment: by Voacanga seed drying, to peel off, be crushed to No. 5 sieves standby.
Micronizing is processed: the Voacanga after pulverizing is ground into super-fine powder.
Extract separated: get 10Kg super-fine powder, add 20L ethyl acetate, the ultrasonic lower effect of 200W 30 minutes, centrifugal under normal temperature, filtrate for later use;
Filter residue adds 30L ethyl acetate backflow to extract 2 times, each 1 hour; Extracting solution and ultrasonic rear centrifugate merge for the first time, and heating is concentrated into frozen-free drop and oozes, and the condensation product obtaining is solvent, recycle; Extracting solution extracts solvent for the first time as next batch for the second time;
In gained concentrated solution, add 1 times of amount volume 8%TritionX-114 aqueous solution, stir 1 hour at 45 ℃, centrifugal, centrifugate is demarcated use again; In solid, add 0.2L water, stir 10 minutes, standing, separate upper strata yellow oil; With method, extract again once, be total to obtain yellow oil, i.e. tabersonine 0.52Kg; Extraction liquid recycles;
Crystallization: yellow oil is added after 3L acetic acid ethyl dissolution, add concentrated hydrochloric acid, regulating and making the pH of ethyl acetate layer is 4.5, standing 8 hours crystallizatioies under room temperature again, crystal, through centrifugal, the dry tabersonine hydrochloride 0.50Kg that to obtain, is 99.1% through HPLC normalization method detection level.
Embodiment bis-
Voacanga pre-treatment: by Voacanga seed drying, peel off, pulverized 80 mesh sieves.
Micronizing is processed: the powder after pulverizing is carried out to micronizing.
Extract separated: get 20Kg powder, add 50L ethyl acetate, the ultrasonic lower effect of 200W 45 minutes, centrifugal under normal temperature, filtrate for later use;
Filter residue adds 40L ethyl acetate backflow to extract 2 times, each 1 hour; Extracting solution and ultrasonic rear centrifugate merge for the first time, are concentrated into original volume 1/2, and the solvent collection that concentration obtains is standby; Extracting solution preparation is for the second time extracted solvent for the first time as next batch;
In concentrated solution, add 1.5 times of amount volume 7%TritionX-114 aqueous solution, at 45 ℃, stir 0.5 hour, centrifugal, in solid, add 0.5L water, stir 15 minutes, standing, separate upper strata yellow oil; With method, extract again once, merge to obtain yellow oil, tabersonine 1.02Kg; Centrifugate and extraction liquid are processed discharge;
Crystallization: yellow oil is added to 6L acetic acid ethyl dissolution, then add concentrated hydrochloric acid, regulate the pH=4 make ethyl acetate layer, under room temperature standing 6 hours, crystal was through centrifugal, and the dry tabersonine hydrochloride 0.99Kg that to obtain, is 99.4% through HPLC normalization method detection level.
Embodiment tri-
Voacanga pre-treatment: by Voacanga seed drying, peel off, be crushed to 50 mesh sieves.
Micronizing is processed: the Voacanga after pulverizing is ground into super-fine powder.
Extract separated: get 10Kg super-fine powder, add the ethyl acetate 20L of concentration and recovery in embodiment mono-, the ultrasonic lower effect of 200W 30 minutes, centrifugal under normal temperature, filtrate for later use;
The ethyl acetate that filter residue adds in 30L embodiment mono-extracting solution and concentration and recovery is for the second time refluxing extraction successively, each 1 hour; Extracting solution and ultrasonic rear centrifugate merge for the first time, are concentrated into frozen-free drop to ooze, and reclaim solvent standby; Extracting solution prepares as next batch again and extracts for the first time solvent for the second time;
In gained concentrated solution, add 2 times of amount volume 6%TritionX-114 aqueous solution, stir 1 hour at 45 ℃, centrifugal, centrifugate is demarcated use again; In solid, add 0.2L water, stir 15 minutes, standing, separate upper strata yellow oil; With method, extract again once, be total to obtain yellow oil, tabersonine 0.53Kg; Extraction liquid recycles;
Crystallization: yellow oil is added to 4L acetic acid ethyl dissolution, then add concentrated hydrochloric acid, regulating and making the pH of ethyl acetate layer is 4.5, standing 6 hours crystallizatioies under room temperature, crystal, through centrifugal, is dried to obtain tabersonine hydrochloride 0.51Kg, through HPLC normalization method detection level, is 99.0%.