CN103586582B - A kind of laser-induced combustion self-propagating reaction assistant brazing connects C fthe method of/Al composite and TiAl - Google Patents

A kind of laser-induced combustion self-propagating reaction assistant brazing connects C fthe method of/Al composite and TiAl Download PDF

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CN103586582B
CN103586582B CN201310624909.XA CN201310624909A CN103586582B CN 103586582 B CN103586582 B CN 103586582B CN 201310624909 A CN201310624909 A CN 201310624909A CN 103586582 B CN103586582 B CN 103586582B
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composite
tial
intermediate layer
powder
laser
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CN103586582A (en
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李卓然
冯广杰
申忠科
刘羽
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/19Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/20Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10Aluminium or alloys thereof

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of laser-induced combustion self-propagating reaction assistant brazing connects C fthe method of/Al composite and TiAl, it relates to a kind of connection C fthe method of/Al composite and TiAl.The present invention will solve conventional soldering method due to problems such as heating-up temperature are too high, pressure is excessive to cause C fthere is serious interfacial reaction between carbon fiber and aluminum substrate in/Al composite, interface cohesion be damaged, the problem of Asiaization mother metal performance.Method: one, prepare nickel powder/aluminium powder mixed-powder; Two, intermediate layer pressed compact is prepared; Three, surface preparation; Four, laser-induced combustion; The present invention adopts laser-induced combustion intermediate layer, intermediate layer complete reaction, forms uniform products; Solder melted by heat, fills intermediate porosity layer, improves joint density; Both sides mother metal and intermediate layer, solder define metallurgical binding, and can obtain joint of good performance, intensity can reach more than 40.5MPa.The present invention can be used for C fthe connection of/Al composite and TiAl.

Description

A kind of laser-induced combustion self-propagating reaction assistant brazing connects C fthe method of/Al composite and TiAl
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of connection C fthe method of/Al composite and TiAl.
Background technology
Carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite (is abbreviated as C f/ Al composite) be made up of continuous print carbon fiber and aluminum substrate, be a kind of new structural material with broad prospect of application.C f/ Al composite has possessed the advantage of carbon fiber light weight, and density comparatively aluminium alloy is lower, but elastic modelling quantity and hot strength are 2 ~ 4 times of common aluminum alloy, therefore have higher specific stiffness, specific strength.Simultaneously due to the humidification of continuous carbon fibre, C f/ Al composite has higher axial tensile strength and wearability, low thermal coefficient of expansion, good conductive and heat-conductive and anti-fatigue performance, especially can keep good dimensional stability under humidity and radiation environment.In addition, C f/ Al composite also has certain applied at elevated temperature performance, still can reach the performance close to room temperature 400 DEG C time.Use C f/ Al composite make component light weight, high-strength, dimensionally stable, can be on active service at a certain temperature, be higher aerospace material.Be used successfully to the rectangular antenna support etc. of fuselage ring and the Hubble Telescope making space shuttle at present.Meanwhile, Japan adopts C fthe Shinkansen electric motor car brake disc made by/Al composite, and quality is only 29kg, for bullet train lightweight contributes.Along with C fthe range of application of/Al composite expands, and will inevitably relate to the connectivity problem with other storeroom.
C finterfacial reaction 4Al+3C=Al is there is between carbon fiber and aluminum substrate in/Al composite 4c 3, belong to reactive interfacial, its welding difficulty is the thermal creep stress that interfacial reaction causes.According to calculation of thermodynamics, C and Al Gibbs free energy is at normal temperatures negative value, is therefore in thermodynamic instability state.At normal temperatures, Al and C just can react and generate Al 4c 3, but due to temperature lower, reaction slowly, be difficult to observe.Along with the rising of temperature, the reaction rate between Al and C increases gradually, and reaction is more and more violent, the Al of generation 4c 3amount also increase gradually.Al 4c 3be a kind of brittlement phase, between carbon fiber and aluminum substrate, generate a small amount of Al 4c 3play link enhancement body and matrix, can promote that carbon fiber is to the humidification of matrix.But excessive fragility Al 4c 3generation unfavorable to composite itself, can the serious performance reducing material self.Show according to correlative study, the temperature threshold value that obvious effect occurs Al and C is about 500 DEG C, therefore, should be noted that the selection of welding temperature when welding this type of material.Conventional fusion welding method due to bath temperature high, the reasons such as the heat time is long can cause serious interfacial reaction, generate frangible compounds in weld seam; Though soldering can form jointing, be limited to the scope of heating-up temperature, low melting point solder makes joint fragility larger; The physical action of the pressure that diffusion welding (DW) is larger and friction welding (FW) can destroy again the connection of carbon fiber and matrix; Common self-propagating connects employing overall heating means, has to improve heating-up temperature, destroy composite property because intermediate layer ignition temperature is higher, and intermediate layer reaction not exclusively, causes joint performance instability.Therefore, C fthe connection of/Al composite is one and compares stubborn problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve conventional soldering method due to problems such as heating-up temperature are too high, pressure is excessive to cause C fthere is serious interfacial reaction between carbon fiber and aluminum substrate in/Al composite, interface cohesion is damaged, worsen the problem of mother metal performance, and provide a kind of laser-induced combustion self-propagating reaction assistant brazing to connect C fthe method of/Al composite and TiAl.
A kind of laser-induced combustion self-propagating reaction assistant brazing connects C fthe method of/Al composite and TiAl specifically completes according to the following steps:
One, nickel powder/aluminium powder mixed-powder is prepared: weigh 45 parts ~ 55 parts nickel powders by weight and 45 parts ~ 55 parts aluminium powders mix, then be placed in ball grinder, be (5 ~ 10) in ball material mass ratio: the ratio of 1 puts into abrading-ball, under the condition of argon shield, with the speed ball milling 2h ~ 3h of 300r/min ~ 500r/min, obtain nickel powder/aluminium powder mixed-powder;
Two, intermediate layer pressed compact is prepared: nickel powder step one obtained/aluminium powder mixed-powder is pressed into relative density and is 60% ~ 80% and thickness is the intermediate layer pressed compact of 1mm ~ 2mm, and sealing is preserved;
Three, surface preparation: by C f/ Al composite material surface and TiAl surface use #200 sand paper, #400 sand paper, #600 sand paper and #800 sand paper successively to polish to C respectively f/ Al composite material surface and TiAl smooth surface smooth, obtain polish after C f/ Al composite and the TiAl after polishing, then by the C after polishing ftiAl after/Al composite, polishing and thickness are that acetone ultrasonic cleaning 5min ~ 10min put into by the AgCuTi solder paillon foil of 50 μm ~ 100 μm, and after taking out, electricity consumption dries up, and obtains pretreated C f/ Al composite, pretreated TiAl and pretreated thickness are the AgCuTi solder paillon foil of 50 μm ~ 100 μm;
Four, laser-induced combustion: the pretreated C that step 3 is obtained fthe pretreated thickness that/Al composite, step 3 obtain is that the pretreated TiAl that the intermediate layer pressed compact that obtains of AgCuTi solder paillon foil, the step 2 of 50 μm ~ 100 μm and step 3 obtain is stacked successively, then being 2MPa ~ 3MPa at pressure aims at intermediate layer pressed compact by the hot spot of laser, ignite, after igniting in intermediate layer, close laser instrument immediately, utilize intermediate layer self liberated heat, namely complete C fthe connection of/Al composite and TiAl.
Advantage of the present invention: one, the present invention is relative to traditional method for welding, do not need overall heating, complete with after the self-propagating reaction of laser-induced combustion intermediate layer at normal temperatures, joint efficiency is higher.Two, heat affected area of the present invention is less, is a kind of local heating methods, and both sides mother metal local melting, can not affect C fthe performance of/Al composite, well maintains the various good characteristics of mother metal.Three, the present invention adopts laser-induced combustion intermediate layer, intermediate layer complete reaction, forms uniform products; Solder melted by heat, fills intermediate porosity layer, can improve joint density; Both sides mother metal and intermediate layer, solder define good metallurgical binding, and can obtain joint of good performance, intensity can reach more than 40.5MPa.
The present invention can be used for C fthe connection of/Al composite and TiAl.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that detailed description of the invention one laser-induced combustion self-propagating reaction assistant brazing connects C fthe method schematic diagram of/Al composite and TiAl;
Fig. 2 is the C of test one fthe SEM of/Al composite and TiAl joint schemes, and wherein in figure, left side is C f/ Al composite, centre is intermediate layer pressed compact, and right side is TiAl alloy.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: a kind of laser-induced combustion self-propagating reaction of present embodiment assistant brazing connects C fthe method of/Al composite and TiAl, specifically completes according to the following steps:
One, nickel powder/aluminium powder mixed-powder is prepared: weigh 45 parts ~ 55 parts nickel powders by weight and 45 parts ~ 55 parts aluminium powders mix, then be placed in ball grinder, be (5 ~ 10) in ball material mass ratio: the ratio of 1 puts into abrading-ball, under the condition of argon shield, with the speed ball milling 2h ~ 3h of 300r/min ~ 500r/min, obtain nickel powder/aluminium powder mixed-powder;
Two, intermediate layer pressed compact is prepared: nickel powder step one obtained/aluminium powder mixed-powder is pressed into relative density and is 60% ~ 80% and thickness is the intermediate layer pressed compact of 1mm ~ 2mm, and sealing is preserved;
Three, surface preparation: by C f/ Al composite material surface and TiAl surface use #200 sand paper, #400 sand paper, #600 sand paper and #800 sand paper successively to polish to C respectively f/ Al composite material surface and TiAl smooth surface smooth, obtain polish after C f/ Al composite and the TiAl after polishing, then by the C after polishing ftiAl after/Al composite, polishing and thickness are that acetone ultrasonic cleaning 5min ~ 10min put into by the AgCuTi solder paillon foil of 50 μm ~ 100 μm, and after taking out, electricity consumption dries up, and obtains pretreated C f/ Al composite, pretreated TiAl and pretreated thickness are the AgCuTi solder paillon foil of 50 μm ~ 100 μm;
Four, laser-induced combustion: the pretreated C that step 3 is obtained fthe pretreated thickness that/Al composite, step 3 obtain is that the pretreated TiAl that the intermediate layer pressed compact that obtains of AgCuTi solder paillon foil, the step 2 of 50 μm ~ 100 μm and step 3 obtain is stacked successively, then being 2MPa ~ 3MPa at pressure aims at intermediate layer pressed compact by the hot spot of laser, ignite, after igniting in intermediate layer, close laser instrument immediately, utilize intermediate layer self liberated heat, namely complete C fthe connection of/Al composite and TiAl.
Ball material mass ratio described in present embodiment step one is mill ball quality and the ratio of the gross mass of nickel powder and aluminium powder.
Fig. 1 is that detailed description of the invention one laser-induced combustion self-propagating reaction assistant brazing connects C fthe method schematic diagram of/Al composite and TiAl.
Present embodiment proposes the method adopting laser-induced combustion self-propagating reaction assistant brazing to connect and realizes C fthe connection of/Al composite and TiAl, utilizes intermediate layer self-propagating reaction liberated heat fusing high-melting-point solder, at guarantee C funder the prerequisite that/Al composite property is not damaged, realize the good metallurgical binding of itself and TiAl, obtain the jointing that quality is higher.
Intermediate layer combustion heat release in present embodiment derives from the reaction Ni+Al=NiAl of Ni powder and Al powder, generates the single-phase NiAl of melting.According to calculation of thermodynamics, its adiabatic temperature reaches 1653 DEG C, can the mother metal of local melting both sides, forms liquid phase.But the NiAl fragility generated is comparatively large, and hole is more, and dense structure's property is poor.Simultaneously due to C fthe fusing point of/Al composite is lower, is about 660 DEG C, and the high temperature of intermediate layer burning can make C fmelting range ,/Al composite side is excessive, makes joint distortion larger.Present embodiment is at C fadd AgCuTi solder paillon foil between/Al composite and Ni-Al intermediate layer, high-melting-point, be about 800 DEG C, relative to C f/ Al composite fusing point is higher, and the fusing of AgCuTi solder paillon foil absorbs heat, reduces C f/ Al composite melting range.The AgCuTi solder simultaneously melted can also and C f/ Al composite forms metallurgical binding, and fills the hole in NiAl product, improves the density of tissue.
The advantage of present embodiment: one, present embodiment is relative to traditional method for welding, do not need overall heating, complete with after the self-propagating reaction of laser-induced combustion intermediate layer at normal temperatures, joint efficiency is higher.Two, the heat affected area of present embodiment is less, is a kind of local heating methods, and both sides mother metal local melting, can not affect C fthe performance of/Al composite, well maintains the various good characteristics of mother metal.Three, present embodiment adopts laser-induced combustion intermediate layer, intermediate layer complete reaction, forms uniform products; Solder melted by heat, fills intermediate porosity layer, can improve joint density; Both sides mother metal and intermediate layer, solder define good metallurgical binding, and can obtain joint of good performance, intensity can reach more than 40.5MPa.
Present embodiment can be used for C fthe connection of/Al composite and TiAl.
Detailed description of the invention two: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one are unlike order number >=200 order of the nickel powder described in step one.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention three: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one or two are unlike order number >=325 order of the aluminium powder described in step one.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one or two.
Detailed description of the invention four: present embodiment and one of detailed description of the invention one to three unlike: weigh 55 parts of nickel powders in step one by weight and 45 parts of aluminium powders mix; then be placed in ball grinder; the ratio being 5:1 in ball material mass ratio puts into abrading-ball; under the condition of argon shield; with the speed ball milling 2.5h ~ 3h of 400r/min, obtain nickel powder/aluminium powder mixed-powder.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to three.
Detailed description of the invention five: present embodiment and one of detailed description of the invention one to four unlike: weigh 50 parts of nickel powders in step one by weight and 50 parts of aluminium powders mix; then be placed in ball grinder; the ratio being 5:1 in ball material mass ratio puts into abrading-ball; under the condition of argon shield; with the speed ball milling 2.5h ~ 3h of 400r/min, obtain nickel powder/aluminium powder mixed-powder.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to four.
Detailed description of the invention six: present embodiment and one of detailed description of the invention one to five unlike: weigh 45 parts of nickel powders in step one by weight and 55 parts of aluminium powders mix; then be placed in ball grinder; the ratio being 5:1 in ball material mass ratio puts into abrading-ball; under the condition of argon shield; with the speed ball milling 2.5h ~ 3h of 400r/min, obtain nickel powder/aluminium powder mixed-powder.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to five.
Detailed description of the invention seven: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to six are pressed into relative density unlike: nickel powder step one obtained in step 2/aluminium powder mixed-powder and are 65% ~ 80% and thickness is the intermediate layer pressed compact of 1mm ~ 2mm, and sealing is preserved.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to six.
Detailed description of the invention eight: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to seven unlike: described in step 2 compacting utilize automanual hydraulic machine to carry out.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to seven.
Present embodiment uses semi-automatic liquid press, adopts axial compressive force to be that mixed-powder that step one obtains by the pressure of 500MPa ~ 700MPa is pressed into relative density and is 60% ~ 80% and thickness is the intermediate layer pressed compact of 1mm ~ 2mm.
Detailed description of the invention nine: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to eight are unlike the pretreated C that step 3 obtained in step 4 fthe pretreated thickness that/Al composite, step 3 obtain is that the pretreated TiAl that the intermediate layer pressed compact that obtains of AgCuTi solder paillon foil, the step 2 of 50 μm ~ 80 μm and step 3 obtain is stacked successively, then being 2.5MPa ~ 3MPa at pressure aims at intermediate layer pressed compact by the hot spot of laser, ignite, after igniting in intermediate layer, close laser instrument immediately, utilize intermediate layer self liberated heat to make C fthe connection of/Al composite and TiAl.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to eight.
Adopt following verification experimental verification effect of the present invention:
Test one: a kind of laser-induced combustion self-propagating reaction assistant brazing connects C fthe method of/Al composite and TiAl specifically completes according to the following steps:
One, nickel powder/aluminium powder mixed-powder is prepared: weigh 55 parts of nickel powders by weight and 45 parts of aluminium powders mix, then be placed in ball grinder, the ratio being 5:1 in ball material mass ratio puts into abrading-ball, under the condition of argon shield, with the speed ball milling 3h of 400r/min, obtain nickel powder/aluminium powder mixed-powder;
Two, intermediate layer pressed compact is prepared: nickel powder step one obtained/aluminium powder mixed-powder is pressed into relative density and is 70% and thickness is the intermediate layer pressed compact of 1mm, and sealing is preserved;
Three, surface preparation: by C f/ Al composite material surface and TiAl surface use #200 sand paper, #400 sand paper, #600 sand paper and #800 sand paper successively to polish to C respectively f/ Al composite material surface and TiAl smooth surface smooth, obtain polish after C f/ Al composite and the TiAl after polishing, then by the C after polishing ftiAl after/Al composite, polishing and thickness are that acetone ultrasonic cleaning 5min put into by the AgCuTi solder paillon foil of 50 μm, and after taking out, electricity consumption dries up, and obtains pretreated C f/ Al composite, pretreated TiAl and pretreated thickness are the AgCuTi solder paillon foil of 50 μm;
Four, laser-induced combustion: the pretreated C that step 3 is obtained fthe pretreated thickness that/Al composite, step 3 obtain is that the pretreated TiAl that the intermediate layer pressed compact that obtains of AgCuTi solder paillon foil, the step 2 of 50 μm and step 3 obtain is stacked successively, then being 2MPa at pressure aims at intermediate layer pressed compact by the hot spot of laser, ignite, after igniting in intermediate layer, close laser instrument immediately, utilize intermediate layer self liberated heat, namely complete C fthe connection of/Al composite and TiAl.
The order number of the nickel powder described in this test procedure one is 200 orders; The order number of the aluminium powder described in step one is 325 orders.
Compacting described in this test procedure two utilizes automanual hydraulic machine to carry out, concrete operations, for using semi-automatic liquid press, adopt axial compressive force to be that nickel powder/aluminium powder mixed-powder that step one obtains by the pressure of 600MPa is pressed into relative density and is 70% and thickness is the intermediate layer pressed compact of 1mm.
Ball material mass ratio described in this test procedure one is mill ball quality and the ratio of the gross mass of nickel powder and aluminium powder.
C in this test fthe wild phase of/Al composite is diameter 5 μm of continuous carbon fibres, volume fraction 50%, and matrix is 6061 aluminium alloys; TiAl alloy composition is Ti-48Al-7V-0.3Y (at.%); AgCuTi solder composition is Ag-26.4Cu-4.5Ti (wt.%).
Fig. 2 is the C of test one fthe SEM of/Al composite and TiAl joint schemes, and wherein in figure, left side is C f/ Al composite, centre is intermediate layer pressed compact, right side is TiAl alloy, as shown in Figure 2, intermediate layer and both sides mother metal reach good metallurgical binding, intermediate layer complete reaction and product is even, no significant defect in joint, quality of connection is good, and adopt electronic universal tester Instron-5500R (1186) to carry out shearing test, strength of joint can reach 40.5MPa.

Claims (1)

1. a laser-induced combustion self-propagating reaction assistant brazing connects C fthe method of/Al composite and TiAl, is characterized in that what the method specifically completed according to the following steps:
One, nickel powder/aluminium powder mixed-powder is prepared: weigh 55 parts of nickel powders by weight and 45 parts of aluminium powders mix, then be placed in ball grinder, the ratio being 5:1 in ball material mass ratio puts into abrading-ball, under the condition of argon shield, with the speed ball milling 3h of 400r/min, obtain nickel powder/aluminium powder mixed-powder;
Two, intermediate layer pressed compact is prepared: nickel powder step one obtained/aluminium powder mixed-powder is pressed into relative density and is 70% and thickness is the intermediate layer pressed compact of 1mm, and sealing is preserved;
Three, surface preparation: by C f/ Al composite material surface and TiAl surface use #200 sand paper, #400 sand paper, #600 sand paper and #800 sand paper successively to polish to C respectively f/ Al composite material surface and TiAl smooth surface smooth, obtain polish after C f/ Al composite and the TiAl after polishing, then by the C after polishing ftiAl after/Al composite, polishing and thickness are that acetone ultrasonic cleaning 5min put into by the AgCuTi solder paillon foil of 50 μm, and after taking out, electricity consumption dries up, and obtains pretreated C f/ Al composite, pretreated TiAl and pretreated thickness are the AgCuTi solder paillon foil of 50 μm;
Four, laser-induced combustion: the pretreated C that step 3 is obtained fthe pretreated thickness that/Al composite, step 3 obtain is that the pretreated TiAl that the intermediate layer pressed compact that obtains of AgCuTi solder paillon foil, the step 2 of 50 μm and step 3 obtain is stacked successively, then under pressure is 2MPa, the hot spot of laser is aimed at intermediate layer pressed compact, ignite, after igniting in intermediate layer, close laser instrument immediately, utilize intermediate layer self liberated heat, namely complete C fthe connection of/Al composite and TiAl;
The order number of the nickel powder described in step one is 200 orders; The order number of the aluminium powder described in step one is 325 orders;
Compacting described in step 2 utilizes automanual hydraulic machine to carry out, concrete operations, for using semi-automatic liquid press, adopt axial compressive force to be that nickel powder/aluminium powder mixed-powder that step one obtains by the pressure of 600MPa is pressed into relative density and is 70% and thickness is the intermediate layer pressed compact of 1mm.
CN201310624909.XA 2013-11-28 2013-11-28 A kind of laser-induced combustion self-propagating reaction assistant brazing connects C fthe method of/Al composite and TiAl Expired - Fee Related CN103586582B (en)

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