CN102151944A - Method for igniting TIG (argon tungsten-arc welding) voltaic arcs through laser plasmas - Google Patents
Method for igniting TIG (argon tungsten-arc welding) voltaic arcs through laser plasmas Download PDFInfo
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- CN102151944A CN102151944A CN2011100264754A CN201110026475A CN102151944A CN 102151944 A CN102151944 A CN 102151944A CN 2011100264754 A CN2011100264754 A CN 2011100264754A CN 201110026475 A CN201110026475 A CN 201110026475A CN 102151944 A CN102151944 A CN 102151944A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for igniting TIG (argon tungsten-arc welding) voltaic arcs through laser plasmas, which belongs to the technical field of welding, and solves the problem that a current high frequency arc strike method is harmful to a human body. The central axis of a TIG welding torch is vertical to the surface to be welded of a piece to be welded; and the scope of a distance d between the tail end of the tungsten electrode of the TIG welding torch and the surface to be welded is led to be between 2mm and 5mm; the optical axis of a laser beam and the central axis of the TIG welding torch are led to form an included angle Beta which is between 30 degrees and 60 degrees; moreover, the incident point of the laser beam on the surface to be welded is in front of the voltaic arcs of the TIG welding torch along the welding direction; and the process for igniting the TIG (argon tungsten-arc welding) voltaic arcs is as follows: a welding switch of the TIG welding torch is started to lead the TIG welding torch to be under an non-load welding state; then a laser is started to generate a laser beam; the laser beam and the piece to be welded react mutually to generate laser plasmas to ignite the TIG (argon tungsten-arc welding) voltaic arcs. The method for igniting TIG (argon tungsten-arc welding) voltaic arcs through laser plasmas is suitable for igniting TIG (argon tungsten-arc welding) voltaic arcs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ignite method of TIG electric arc of laser plasma that adopts, belong to welding technology field.
Background technology
Traditional TIG (inert gas tungsten electrode protection weldering) electric arc method of igniting mainly is divided into contacting ignition arc and noncontact striking two big classes; mechanism from striking; they are by the gap between highfield breakdown electrode and the workpiece; moment produces the charged particle that can participate in conduction in a large number; then provide ignite electric arc of subsequent current by the source of welding current; therefore, how to produce the prerequisite that a large amount of charged particles becomes the TIG electric arc that ignites.In traditional striking method, mainly be that ionization by neutral particle in emission of the electronics of negative electrode and the gas gap produces a large amount of charged particles, wherein there are a series of problems such as tungsten electrode scaling loss, sticking tungsten electrode, surface of the work scratch and weld seam are mingled with in contacting ignition arc, and is applied to manual electric arc welding usually or in the not high welding process of welding quality requirement; But not contacting ignition arc mainly comprises high-frequency arc strike and high-voltage pulse thread-leading arc two big classes, and wherein high-frequency arc strike has obtained extensive use and research owing to simple in structure, cost is low, and particularly along with the raising of automaticity, the use of high-frequency arc strike is more and more general.Yet connect in the equipment at automatic TIG welding, adopt high-frequency arc strike can not guarantee sometimes to ignite in the place of expectation.In addition, high frequency punctures other electrical equipment in the source of welding current and the welding circuit easily, disturbs the operate as normal of radio reception or other electronic instrument; The high frequency that produces in arc process simultaneously has very large harm to human body usually.At present, Europe has begun to consider that legislation bans use of high frequency.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve existing high-frequency arc strike method, a kind of ignite method of TIG electric arc of laser plasma that adopts is provided the big problem of human body harm.
The inventive method is: fixing to-be-welded pieces make the to be welded surface of the axis of TIG welding gun perpendicular to to-be-welded pieces, and to make the end of tungsten electrode of TIG welding gun and the scope apart from d between the surface to be welded is 2mm～5mm;
Make the axis of the optical axis of laser beam and TIG welding gun form 30 °～60 ° angle β, and make laser beam at the incidence point on surface to be welded in electric arc the place ahead of TIG welding gun along welding direction, the process of the TIG electric arc that ignites is:
At first start the welding switch of TIG welding gun, make it be in the welding Light Condition; Start laser instrument then and make it produce laser beam, laser beam and to-be-welded pieces interact and produce laser plasma, and TIG electric arc ignites;
Described laser beam the incidence point on surface to be welded the TIG welding gun along within the 3mm in electric arc the place ahead of welding direction.
Advantage of the present invention is: the laser plasma that the inventive method produces by laser beam and the to-be-welded pieces effect TIG electric arc that ignites.It adopts laser beam to act on the to-be-welded pieces surface, make it produce a large amount of metal and gaseous plasma, cause between the tungsten electrode of TIG welding gun and the to-be-welded pieces by the laser plasma conducting, cause the electron avalanche at tungsten electrode tip, thereby cause tungsten electrode generation thermionic emission and field emission and form self-maintained discharge, TIG electric arc ignites.The ignite mode of TIG electric arc of the inventive method is a noncontact striking mode, has advantages such as no high-frequency and high-voltage harm, sticking tungsten electrode, no surface of the work scratch, and its welding arc stablility and realization equipment are simple.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is in the inventive method, and the position between to-be-welded pieces and TIG welding gun and the laser beam concerns schematic diagram, and the arrow among the figure shown in the B is represented the direction of protective gas;
Fig. 2 is in the process of the inventive method striking, forms the schematic diagram of metallic vapour;
Fig. 3 is in the process of the inventive method striking, produces the schematic diagram of laser plasma, and C is a tungsten electrode among the figure, and D is a laser plasma;
Fig. 4 is in the process of the inventive method striking, the schematic diagram of the TIG electric arc that ignites, and D is a laser plasma among the figure, E is an electric arc;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of TIG arc stability burning, and E is an electric arc among the figure.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1, the method of present embodiment is: fixedly to-be-welded pieces 1, make the to be welded surface of the axis of TIG welding gun 2, and to make the end of tungsten electrode of TIG welding gun 2 and the scope apart from d between the surface to be welded be 2mm～5mm perpendicular to to-be-welded pieces 1;
Make the axis of the optical axis of laser beam 3 and TIG welding gun 2 form 30 °～60 ° angle β, and make laser beam 3 at the incidence point on surface to be welded in electric arc the place ahead of TIG welding gun 2 along welding direction A, the process of the TIG electric arc that ignites is:
At first start the welding switch of TIG welding gun 2, make it be in the welding Light Condition; Start laser instrument then and make it produce laser beam 3, laser beam 3 interacts with to-be-welded pieces 1 and produces laser plasma, and TIG electric arc ignites;
Described laser beam 3 the incidence point on surface to be welded TIG welding gun 2 along within the 3mm in electric arc the place ahead of welding direction A.
At first to-be-welded pieces 1 is placed on the welding bench in the present embodiment, and clamp, fixing TIG welding gun 2 then, and set the location parameter of TIG welding gun 2, laser beam 3 welding guns need be fixed on TIG electric arc the place ahead, according to the interaction position between actual conditions adjusting laser beam 3 and the TIG welding gun 2, the striking parameter of laser beam 3 is set.The welding condition of TIG welding gun 2 and laser beam 3 welding guns is set respectively.The peak power size of laser beam 3 is determined according to welding material, TIG welding gun 2 and laser beam 3 interactional location parameters etc.
The specific embodiment two: present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment one, and described laser instrument is the pulse laser with high-peak power.Other is identical with embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment one or two, and described laser instrument is pulse CO
2Laser instrument, YAG laser instrument or optical fiber laser.Other is identical with embodiment one or two.
The specific embodiment four: present embodiment is further specifying embodiment one, two or three, the short-pulse laser of described laser beam 3 for having high-power peaks, the peak power of described laser beam 3 is 1000W～20000W, and the peak action time of described laser beam 3 is 1ms～10ms.Other is identical with embodiment one, two or three.
For certain welding material, peak power is big more, and the laser plasma of generation is big more, helps the striking of TIG electric arc more.Can in several milliseconds time, make material fusing, gasification when simultaneously, laser beam 3 acts on welding work pieces rapidly, produce laser plasma and can reach stable state rapidly.
The specific embodiment five: present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment one, two, three or four, and the tungsten electrode of described TIG welding gun 2 is taper shape or truncated cone-shaped.Other is identical with embodiment one, two, three or four.
Laser plasma ignites in the process of TIG electric arc, contains a large amount of charged particles in the laser plasma; And there is certain electric-field intensity in the TIG arc welding gun, according to the electric-field intensity principle when unloaded between tungsten electrode and the to-be-welded pieces 1, the tungsten electrode bottom shape is sharp more, its electric-field intensity is big more, just helps attracting laser plasma to the skew of tungsten electrode direction more, thereby helps striking.
The specific embodiment six: present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment one, two, three, four or five, and it is conical that the tungsten electrode of described TIG welding gun 2 is, and conical cone angle is 30 °～60 °.Other is identical with embodiment one, two, three, four or five.
The specific embodiment seven: present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment one, two, three, four, five or six, and the welding current of described TIG welding gun 2 is 30A～200A, and the protective gas of TIG welding gun 2 is an Ar gas.Other is identical with embodiment one, two, three, four, five or six.
The specific embodiment eight: present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment seven, and the flow of described Ar gas is 5l/min～30l/min.
The specific embodiment nine: present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment seven, and the flow of described Ar gas is 10l/min.Other is identical with embodiment seven.
The specific embodiment ten: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight or nine, and the speed of welding of described to-be-welded pieces 1 is 0.3m/min～2.0m/min.Other is identical with embodiment one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight or nine.
The speed of welding of the to-be-welded pieces 1 described in the present embodiment can be to-be-welded pieces 1 translational speed.
The described arc process of the inventive method comprises following several stages: one: shown in Figure 2, be the laser beam 3 and the to-be-welded pieces 1 effect formation metallic vapour of high-energy-density; Two: shown in Figure 3, under the further effect of laser energy, plasma is grown up rapidly and is touched tungsten electrode.Because contain a large amount of charged particles in the laser plasma, in case laser plasma touches tungsten electrode, the air gap between tungsten electrode and the to-be-welded pieces 1 promptly is switched on, welding current constantly increases, and makes tungsten electrode be heated the generation thermionic emission; Three: shown in Figure 4, form pressure drop owing near tungsten electrode, having accumulated a large amount of cations, under effect of electric field, the attenuation of tungsten electrode surface potential barrier, free electron begins to overflow and causes field emission.Like this, make negative electrode produce electronics emission and formation self-maintained discharge under the acting in conjunction of thermionic emission and field emission, TIG electric arc ignites; Four: shown in Figure 5, remove lasing light emitter, the further stable and pilot arc burning of the subsequent current that the source of welding current provides.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, can also be the reasonable combination of technical characterictic described in the respective embodiments described above.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is adopted the ignite method of TIG electric arc of laser plasma, it is characterized in that:
Fixedly to-be-welded pieces (1) makes the to be welded surface of the axis of TIG welding gun (2) perpendicular to to-be-welded pieces (1), and to make the end of tungsten electrode of TIG welding gun (2) and the scope apart from d between the surface to be welded be 2mm～5mm;
Make the axis of the optical axis of laser beam (3) and TIG welding gun (2) form 30 °～60 ° angle β, and make laser beam (3) at the incidence point on surface to be welded in electric arc the place ahead of TIG welding gun (2) along welding direction (A), the process of the TIG electric arc that ignites is:
At first start the welding switch of TIG welding gun (2), make it be in the welding Light Condition; Start laser instrument then and make it produce laser beam (3), laser beam (3) interacts with to-be-welded pieces (1) and produces laser plasma, and TIG electric arc ignites;
Described laser beam (3) the incidence point on surface to be welded TIG welding gun (2) along within the 3mm in electric arc the place ahead of welding direction (A).
2. the ignite method of TIG electric arc of employing laser plasma according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described laser instrument is the pulse laser with high-peak power.
3. the ignite method of TIG electric arc of employing laser plasma according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described laser instrument is pulse CO
2Laser instrument, YAG laser instrument or optical fiber laser.
4. the ignite method of TIG electric arc of employing laser plasma according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the short-pulse laser of described laser beam (3) for having high-power peaks, the peak power of described laser beam (3) is 1000W～20000W, and the peak action time of described laser beam (3) is 1ms～10ms.
5. the ignite method of TIG electric arc of employing laser plasma according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the tungsten electrode of described TIG welding gun (2) is taper shape or truncated cone-shaped.
6. the ignite method of TIG electric arc of employing laser plasma according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the tungsten electrode of described TIG welding gun (2) is conical, and conical cone angle is 30 °～60 °.
7. the ignite method of TIG electric arc of employing laser plasma according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the welding current of described TIG welding gun (2) is 30A～200A, the protective gas of TIG welding gun (2) is an Ar gas.
8. the ignite method of TIG electric arc of employing laser plasma according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the flow of described Ar gas is 5l/min～30l/min.
9. the ignite method of TIG electric arc of employing laser plasma according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the flow of described Ar gas is 10l/min.
10. the ignite method of TIG electric arc of employing laser plasma according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the speed of welding of described to-be-welded pieces (1) is 0.3m/min～2.0m/min.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN103586582A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-02-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for connecting Cf/Al composite materials and TiAl through laser ignition self-propagating reaction auxiliary brazing |
| CN104136161A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2014-11-05 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Plasma-mig welding method and welding torch |
| CN111360365A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-03 | 贵州大学 | Micro-arc spot welding control system |
| CN113828926A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2021-12-24 | 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 | Multi-scale material synchronous conveying device and high-efficiency additive manufacturing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104136161A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2014-11-05 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Plasma-mig welding method and welding torch |
| CN103586582A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-02-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for connecting Cf/Al composite materials and TiAl through laser ignition self-propagating reaction auxiliary brazing |
| CN103586582B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-08-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of laser-induced combustion self-propagating reaction assistant brazing connects C fthe method of/Al composite and TiAl |
| CN111360365A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-03 | 贵州大学 | Micro-arc spot welding control system |
| CN111360365B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-04-26 | 贵州大学 | Micro-arc spot welding control system |
| CN113828926A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2021-12-24 | 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 | Multi-scale material synchronous conveying device and high-efficiency additive manufacturing method |
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Application publication date: 20110817 |