KR101298971B1 - Impedance matching peaking switch for very fast rising high voltage pulse - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gap switch that speeds up the rise time of a high voltage pulse and interrupts the supply of the high voltage pulse in a system using the high voltage pulse.
The present invention implements a switch having a new type of insulator in which a matching section is formed at the front end and the rear end of the insulator so that the characteristic impedance before and after is the same, thereby eliminating the influence of impedance mismatch in the rise of the pulse voltage and raising the pulse. Stable and functionally improved impedance-matching peaking switch for high voltage steep pulse generation, including faster time.

Description

Impedance matching peaking switch for very fast rising high voltage pulse

The present invention relates to an impedance matched peaking switch for generating a high voltage steep pulse, and more particularly, to a gap switch for accelerating a rise time of a high voltage pulse in a system using a high voltage pulse and intermittently supplying a high voltage pulse.

In general, a bloomline pulse shaping circuit is widely used to generate nanosecond high voltage pulses, and the bloomline pulse shaping circuit can generate a short pulse having a very high rise time of ultra high voltage, and thus generate an electron beam. It is widely used as a device, a laser generating power source, an ultra high frequency generating power source, and the like.

In such a system requiring high voltage and high current electrical energy (pulse), a peaking switch, which is a kind of gap switch for speeding up the rise time of the high voltage pulse as well as supplying the pulse, is used.

For example, rock drilling equipment for civil engineering, nuclear fusion pulse power equipment using pulse plasma, large-capacity pulse welding machine, pulse laser equipment, light source system, medical equipment, electrostatic precipitator, desulfurization / dedusting processing device, electrothermal propulsion device, nano powder manufacturing device Systems require high voltage pulses.

In such a system, a peaking switch is used to interrupt the supply of a high voltage pulse and induce a rapid rise of the high voltage pulse, and the peaking switch performs functions such as raising, supplying and interrupting the pulse voltage in an internal high pressure gas environment. You can do it.

Looking at the general operation of the picking switch, in a system requiring a high voltage pulse, the AC power is converted into a direct current through the rectifier, the direct current electric charge is charged to the capacitor which is an electric energy charging device by the charging switch.

When the desired electric energy is charged, the picking switch is shorted to emit a high voltage pulse to the equipment or the equipment at a moment.

That is, the high voltage pulse generated by the pulse generator is applied to the trigger electrode and the main electrode in the picking switch, so that the picking switch is operated to conduct electrical energy stored in the capacitor.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional picking switch, a rear end side inner conductor 12 and a front end inner conductor 13 disposed in front and rear with the rear end electrode 10 and the front side electrode 11 facing each other. And an outer conductor 14 disposed around the front and rear end inner conductors 12 and 13 and a rear end insulator 15 interposed between the front and rear end inner conductors 12 and 13 and the outer conductor 14. And a front end insulator 16.

Here, reference numerals 17 and 18 denote gas inlets and gas outlets for injecting and discharging gas into the space to which the front and rear end electrodes 10 and 11 belong.

Accordingly, when a high voltage from the bloom line is applied to the front-side inner conductor 13, the energization (spark) between the front-side electrode 10 and the rear-side electrode 11 is made and a high voltage pulse is generated. The generated high voltage pulse is provided to the antenna side.

However, the conventional parking switch has a limitation in speeding up the pulse rise time because it is designed without sufficiently considering the effect of impedance mismatch on the rise of the pulse voltage.

That is, as shown by a thick line (existing matcher) in FIG. 2, there is a step in voltage rise due to impedance mismatch, and there is a difficulty in securing stability against high pressure as well as overall performance degradation such as slow rise time. .

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above, and by forming a matching section at the front end and the rear end of the insulator, by implementing a switch having a new type of insulator such that the characteristic impedance before and after the same, the rise of the pulse voltage It is an object of the present invention to provide an impedance matched peaking switch for generating a high voltage steep pulse with stable and improved functions such as eliminating the effects of impedance mismatch and increasing the pulse rise time.

In order to achieve the above object, the impedance matching picking switch for generating a high voltage steep pulse has the following characteristics.

The impedance matching picking switch for generating a high voltage steep pulse may include a front side inner conductor and a rear end inner conductor disposed before and after each of the front side electrode and the rear end electrode, and an outer conductor disposed around the front and rear end inner conductors; While the rear end insulator and the front side insulator are interposed between the front and rear end inner conductors and the outer conductor, the rear end insulator has a structure in which the cross-sectional area gradually increases from the front end to the rear end. The first matching part, the third matching part of the rear end formed in the form of the cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the front end to the rear end, and the second matching part interposed between the first matching part and the third matching part.

Therefore, the impedance matched peaking switch for generating the high voltage steep pulse has a characteristic characteristic that can minimize impedance mismatch by having a constant characteristic impedance throughout the switch.

Here, it is preferable that the first matching portion and the third matching portion of the rear end side insulator are configured in the shape of a truncated cone facing each other with the second matching portion interposed therebetween.

The third matching portion of the rear end side insulator accommodates the rear end side inner conductor, and the third matching portion receiving portion of the rear end side inner conductor has a truncated conical shape that gradually decreases in cross section from the rear end to the front end. The first matching portion accommodating portion may have a truncated cone shape in which the cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the rear end to the front end.

)가 60∼65°, 바람직하게는 63°가 되도록 하고, 제3매칭부 수용부는 후단과 측면이 이루는 각도(

)가 68∼79°, 바람직하게는 75°가 되도록 하는 것이 고전압 펄스의 상승시간을 가장 빠르게 하는 측면에서 바람직하다.
In addition, the first matching portion accommodating portion of the rear end inner conductor (the angle formed by the rear end and the side surface)

) Is 60 to 65 °, preferably 63 °, and the third matching portion accommodating part has an angle between the rear end and the side (

) Is 68 to 79 °, preferably 75 °, in view of the fastest rise time of the high voltage pulse.

The impedance matched peaking switch for generating a high voltage steep pulse provided by the present invention has the following advantages.

First, a matching section of a structure having a gradually increasing cross-sectional area at the front end of the insulator and a matching section of a structure having a gradually decreasing cross-sectional area at the rear end of the insulator are provided so that the characteristic impedance is the same before and after the electrical fast pulse is generated. It can be transmitted well without reflection, thereby minimizing impedance mismatch, and thus has the advantage of speeding up the high voltage pulse rise time.

Second, by inserting the inlet / outlet gas pipe into the outer conductor, it is possible to adjust the operating voltage of the picking switch, and there is an advantage that the gas can be injected at a high pressure in the gap of the picking switch.

,

에 따른 출력 펄스의 상승시간을 비교한 그래프1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional picking switch
2 is a graph illustrating a voltage rising state of a conventional peaking switch and the peaking switch of the present invention;
3 is a perspective view showing a picking switch according to an embodiment of the present invention
4 is a cross-sectional view showing a picking switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5a and 5b are in the picking switch according to an embodiment of the present invention

,

Graph comparing the rise time of output pulses

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is a perspective view showing a picking switch according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a picking switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the picking switch has a constant characteristic impedance throughout the switch through the shape of the insulator to equalize the front and rear impedance, thereby minimizing the effects of impedance mismatch to the high voltage pulse It is made of a structure that can accelerate the rise time.

To this end, a front side inner conductor 13 to which the Bloomline side high voltage is applied and a rear end side inner conductor 12 for providing a high voltage pulse to the antenna side are provided, and the front side inner conductor 13 and the rear end side inner conductor ( 12, the front-side electrode 11 and the rear-end electrode 10 which face each other while maintaining a constant gap electrode are formed, respectively.

Here, the front end means the front side (lower part of the drawing) where the high voltage is input, and the rear end side means the rear side (upper part of the drawing) where the high voltage pulse is emitted.

In addition, an outer conductor 14 consisting of two members of a front-rear assembly type is disposed around the outer circumference of the front-side inner conductor 13 and the rear-end inner conductor 12 that are arranged before and after, and the outer conductor 14 at this time Between the front end side insulator 16 and the rear end side insulator 15 and the front end side inner conductors 13, 12, the front end side inner conductors 13, 12, the front end side insulators 16, 15, and the outside. The conductor 14 is integral.

For example, an outer conductor 14 is disposed outside the rear side of the flat-side shear insulator 16 made of epoxy glass material, and the front-side inner conductor 13 back and forth to the inner center of the outer conductor 14. ) And the rear end side inner conductor 12 are arranged concentrically, and the rear end side insulator 15 having a predetermined shape between the rear end side inner conductor 12 and the outer conductor 14 and made of an MC 901 nylon material or the like. ), The front and rear end side inner conductors 13 and 12, the front and rear end side insulators 16 and 15, and the outer conductor 14 form an integral structure.

Here, the inner conductor and the outer conductor may be made of aluminum or the like.

In the above structure, a space portion is formed around the front end electrode 11 of the front side inner conductor 13 and the rear end electrode 10 of the rear end inner conductor 12, and the front end of the outer conductor 14 On both sides, a gas inlet 17 and a gas outlet 18 for injecting gas into and out of the space portion through the gas passage 23 are formed, respectively, so that the electrode can be placed under a gas atmosphere. Will be.

In addition, in the case of the outer conductor 14, the front side portion and the rear end portion may be formed after being separated and combined, and in the case of the front side portion, the first matching portion having a truncated cone shape (to be described later) ( It is possible to have a recessed portion to be joined to the 19), in the case of the rear end portion it can have a recessed portion symmetrical to the third matching portion 20 of the truncated cone shape described later.

In particular, the present invention provides a novel switch type in which the characteristic impedance change is not abrupt but is gently changed while having a small volume for high pressure.

To this end, the rear end side insulator 15 interposed between the rear end side inner conductor 12 and the outer conductor 14 has a front end portion, a middle portion, and a rear end portion of the first matching portion 19 and the second matching portion 21, respectively. ) And the third matching part 20 are formed of an integral type of insulator.

Here, the first matching portion 19 is formed in a form that the cross-sectional area gradually increases from the front end to the rear end, on the contrary, the third matching portion 20 has a form in which the cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the front end to the rear end. Is made of.

In addition, a second matching part (1) formed integrally between the first matching part (19) and the third matching part (20), which is formed in a section between the first matching part (19) and the third matching part (20). 21 is made of a constant width without a change in the constant cross-sectional area, the second matching portion 21 is inserted into the groove portion 22 formed around the inner peripheral surface of the outer conductor 14 by using the peripheral portion of the edge The seated structure can be integrally bound with the outer conductor 14 side.

That is, the entire rear end insulator 15 including the rear end side inner conductor 12 may be mechanically fixed by being bound to the groove portion 22 of the outer conductor 14 at the edge circumferential portion of the second matching portion 21. It becomes possible.

As an example of the first matching portion 19 and the third matching portion 20 constituting the rear end side insulator 15, the first matching portion 19 and the third matching portion 20 are disposed therebetween. With respect to the second matching portion 21, it is possible to have a shape of a truncated cone which faces the opposite direction, that is, the narrower cross-sectional area is toward the front end and the rear end, respectively.

In addition, the rear end insulator 15 may have a shape for accommodating the rear end side inner conductor 12 inwardly. For this purpose, the rear end side inner conductor 12 may have a second matching portion of the rear end side insulator 15. 21, the first matching part accommodating part 12a on the front side and the third matching part accommodating part 12b on the rear end side can be formed on the basis of the middle narrow portion that is fitted and bound. The accommodating part 12b has a larger body in cross-sectional area or volume than the first matching part accommodating part 12a.

In particular, the third matching portion accommodating portion 12b of the rear end side inner conductor 12 is formed in a truncated truncated conical shape gradually decreasing from the rear end to the front end, and the first matching portion accommodating portion 12a is also From the rear end to the front end is made of a truncated conical shape gradually decreases in cross-sectional area.

In addition, according to the inclination angles of the truncated cone of the first matching part accommodating part 12a and the third matching part accommodating part 12b, an optimum rise time, that is, a rapid rise time of a high voltage pulse can be realized.

는 60∼65°, 바람직하게는 63°의 각도로 이루어질 수 있게 되고, 또 상기 제3매칭부 수용부(12b)의 후단과 측면이 이루는 각도, 즉

는 68∼79°, 바람직하게는 75°의 각도로 이루어질 수 있게 된다. To this end, the angle formed by the rear end and the side surface of the first matching portion receiving portion 12a, namely

May be formed at an angle of 60 to 65 °, preferably 63 °, and an angle formed between the rear end and the side surface of the third matching portion accommodating part 12b, that is,

Can be made at an angle of 68 to 79 degrees, preferably 75 degrees.

,

에 따른 출력 펄스의 상승시간을 비교한 그래프이다. 5a and 5b are in the picking switch according to an embodiment of the present invention

,

This is a graph comparing the rise time of output pulses.

,

에 따른 출력 펄스의 상승시간을 비교한 시뮬레이션 결과를 보여준다. As shown in Figs. 5A and 5B, here

,

The simulation results are shown by comparing the rise times of the output pulses.

In the simulation at this time, the outer conductor was dimensioned to maintain the impedance at 50 kHz according to the dimension of the inner conductor.

는 63°,

는 75°일 때, 가장 상승시간이 빠른 것을 알 수 있다.
As can be seen in Table 1 below, the simulation results,

Is 63 °,

It can be seen that the rise time is the fastest when is 75 °.

Table 1

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, unlike the conventional case in which the voltage rises and the rise time is slow, in the present invention, the step of the voltage rise due to impedance mismatch disappears, and the rise time also disappears. It can be seen that the improvement.

As described above, the present invention has a gap electrode of several mm and the inside is filled with a high pressure gas, and has a strong structure that withstands high pressure and a small volume inside to ensure safety, and in particular, the impedance characteristics before and after Implement the peaking switch to minimize the effects of impedance mismatch on the rise of the pulse voltage, which can increase the rise time of the pulse, and eventually have a constant characteristic impedance over the entire range of the peaking switch, thereby improving product functionality. There is an advantage that can be achieved and to ensure the stability.

10: rear end electrode 11: front side electrode
12: rear end inner conductor 13: front side inner conductor
14 outer conductor 15 rear end insulator
16 shear insulator 17 gas inlet
18 gas outlet 19 first matching unit
20: third matching part 21: second matching part
22: groove 23: gas passage

Claims (4)

Around the front end inner conductor 13 and the rear end inner conductor 12 and the front end inner conductor 12 and front and rear end inner conductors 12 and 13, which have front and rear electrodes 11 and rear end electrodes 10, respectively. An outer conductor 14 disposed, a rear end insulator 15 and a front end insulator 16 interposed between the front and rear end inner conductors 12 and 13 and the outer conductor 14,
The rear end insulator 15 is formed of a first matching portion 19 of a front end having a shape in which a cross sectional area gradually increases from a front end to a rear end, and a rear end first end of the rear end side of the rear end side insulator 15. Impedance matching peaking for generating a high voltage steep pulse, comprising a third matching section 20 and a second matching section 21 interposed between the first matching section 19 and the third matching section 20. switch.
The method of claim 1, wherein the first matching portion 19 and the third matching portion 20 of the rear end insulator 15 are in the shape of a truncated cone facing each other in the opposite direction with the second matching portion 21 therebetween. Impedance matching peaking switch for generating a high voltage steep pulse.
The third matching portion 20 of the rear end side insulator 15 accommodates the rear end side inner conductor 12 inward and the third matching portion of the rear end side inner conductor 12. The accommodating portion has a truncated conical shape that gradually decreases in cross-section from the rear end to the front end, while the first matching portion accommodating portion has a truncated conical shape in which the cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the rear end to the front end. Impedance Matching Peaking Switch.
The method of claim 3, wherein the first matching portion receiving portion 12a of the rear end inner conductor 12 has an angle formed between the rear end and the side surface (

) Is 60 to 65 °, and the third matching portion receiving portion 12b has an angle (

) Is 68-79 ° impedance impedance peaking switch for generating a high voltage steep pulse.

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