CN103586124A - Rutile beneficiation method comprising magnetic separation, tailing discarding reselection. desliming and fine particle floatation - Google Patents
Rutile beneficiation method comprising magnetic separation, tailing discarding reselection. desliming and fine particle floatation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rutile beneficiation method comprising magnetic separation, tailing discarding reselection, desliming and fine particle floatation. According to the method, raw rutile is crushed and screened to have a certain feed size of ore grinding; obtained rutile particles are ground to a certain particle size through an ore grinding machine to obtain ore pulp with a certain concentration through preparation; the ore pulp is led to an intensity magnetic separator for separation to obtain magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals; the non-magnetic minerals are subjected to the reselection for desliming to obtain ore concentrate, and then the ore concentrate is dewatered to a certain concentration; the dewatered ore concentrate is subjected to the floatation operation, gangue mineral inhibitors, rutile activators, collectors and foaming agents are added in the dewatered ore concentrate, the rutile is subjected to the flotation, and after rough separation, 1-2 times of fine separation and scavenging are carried out in sequence, rough concentrate of the flotation rutile is obtained; the rough concentrate of the flotation rutile is subjected to the magnetic separation to eliminate magnetic impurities and then eliminate sulphur and phosphorus impurities through roasting and acid pickling, and finally high-grade rutile concentrate is obtained. The method has the advantages that the process procedure is simple, beneficiation cost is low, the recovery rate is high, and the concentration ratio is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rutile ore dressing method, be specially a kind of rutile ore dressing method that adopts magnetic separation to throw tail, gravity treatment desliming, fine particles flotation.
Background technology
China's natural rutile resource reserve is larger, but lower in head grade, fine size, and embedding cloth relation is complicated, is complex refractory ore.How improving Rutile level of comprehensive utilization, realize rutile efficient separation, is global problem.The development and utilization important of the research of this technology and breakthrough ，Dui China rutile resource is for solving country to titanium resource demand, significant.China's Rutile belongs to refractory gold hongshiite, is characterized in: (1) head grade is lower, containing rutile TiO
2generally in 2 ~ 4% left and right; (2) in rutile ore, normal association has the shaped minerals such as ilmenite, garnet, chlorite and vermiculite, mica, hornblend; (3) rutile and other mineral embedding cloth relations are complicated, and granularity is not generally 0. 01～0.2mm not etc., belongs to particulate, microfine misproportion dissemination, and grain size intervals is large; (4) the easy argillization of ore, normal containing a large amount of primary slime and secondary slimes in ore dressing process; (5) ore is often containing impurity elements such as the sulphur of influential rutile concentrate quality, phosphorus; (6) in rutile ore, contain larger magnetic mineral as ilmenite, garnet, hornblend etc., the Ti in ilmenite
3+, Fe
2+, the Fe in garnet
2+, Al
3+, the Fe in hornblend
2+, Al
3+, Mg
2+deng with rutile in Ti
4+with medicament competitive Adsorption, reduce the selective of medicament, increase medicine consumption.The main cause that China's rutile ore can not get rational exploitation and utilization is: (1) Rutile Dressing Plant scale is too little, high cost; (2) ore-dressing technique is backward, equipment is outmoded; (3) rutile ore comprehensive utilization utilization rate is low; (4) rutile ore sorting technology difficulty is large.
The feature of China's rutile ore has determined that the ore dressing of rutile will adopt the different combined mineral dressing technologies that form such as gravity treatment, flotation, magnetic separation, electric separation, chemical mineral processing, just can obtain high-quality rutile concentrate product.Flotation is to realize the efficient separated important means of complicated Rutile, but flotation cost is higher, so, to fundamentally reduce beneficiation cost, improve sorting index, must guarantee under the prerequisite that the rutile rate of recovery is higher, first roughly select in a large number throwing tail, then selecting suitable flotation flowsheet to carry out sorting to rutile is the effective way that solves this difficult problem.
The at present ore dressing of rutile is roughly selected and is thrown tail and mainly adopt after ore grinding directly gravity treatment to throw tail and tail is thrown in magnetic separation.Due to rutile fine size, and gangue mineral granularity is thicker, and the medium phenomenon of falling of reuse adoption process seriously causes rutile loss large, and rutile fine size, adopts shaking table could obtain good separating effect more; Magnetic separation is thrown tail and is mainly adopted directly magnetic separation after ore grinding, rutile disseminated grain size is thinner, for reducing rutile loss, need be milled to compared with fine fraction, rutile is fully dissociated, and rutile ore weathering is serious, containing a large amount of primary slimes, in grinding process, produce again a large amount of secondary slimes, the existence of a large amount of sludges has worsened flotation effect, and consumes a large amount of medicaments, so add again spiral chute desliming operation before flotation.So the ore dressing of existing rutile is roughly selected, process for discarding tailings complexity, cost are higher, ore dressing poor effect, and the rutile rate of recovery is lower.
Summary of the invention
For the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides the rutile ore dressing method that tail, gravity treatment desliming, fine particles flotation are thrown in a kind of technological process is simple, cost is low employing magnetic separation.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions: the rutile ore dressing method that cabrage is selected desliming fine particles flotation is thrown in a kind of magnetic separation, comprises the following steps:
(1) by primary minerals of rutile crushing and screening to certain ore grinding feed preparation unit size;
(2) the rutile ore particle (1) being obtained is mixed with certain density ore pulp after being milled to certain particle size with ore mill again;
(3) described ore pulp is passed into intensity magnetic separator and carry out separation, obtain respectively magnetic mineral and non magnetic ore;
(4) described non magnetic ore is carried out to gravity treatment and remove sludge and obtain ore concentrate, then ore concentrate is dewatered to finite concentration;
(5) ore concentrate after dehydration is carried out to flotation operation, adds gangue mineral inhibitor, rutile activator, collecting agent and foaming agent, flotation rutile, after roughly selecting, carry out 1～2 time selected and scan and obtain flotation rutile rough concentrate;
(6) described rutile rough concentrate is removed to magnetic impurity by magnetic separation, and then remove desulfuration phosphorus impurities by roasting pickling, finally obtain high-grade rutile concentrate.
Further, wherein described in step (1), primary minerals of rutile contains the magnetic minerals such as a large amount of ilmenites, garnet and hornblend, belong to the primary refractory gold hongshiite of China, prior art is difficult to from these refractory minerals, select to obtain high-grade rutile ore concentrate, and the invention solves this difficult problem.
As preferably, wherein described in step (1), feed preparation unit size is 3mm, and granularity is unfavorable for too greatly follow-up ore grinding; Granularity is too little, because fine ore in raw ore is more or weathering is serious, can bring so more useless sludge into; So suitable feed preparation unit size is very important, before crushing and screening, also can increase washup operation and separate in advance smitham, avoid overground and reduce into ore grinding amount.
As further preferred, wherein described in step (2), granularity is 200 orders, such granularity can make the basic monomer of rutile fully dissociate, owing to containing the magnetic minerals such as a large amount of garnets, ilmenite, hornblend in rutile ore, and rutile is normal and these mineral wrap up mutually symbiosis, so in grinding process, guarantee that rutile fully dissociates, after ore milling product enters magnetic separation like this, rutile can not lose too much, contributes to follow-up magnetic separation separated; The ore pulp that compound concentration is 30% again, concentration is too high is unfavorable for magnetic separation, the too low amount of selecting of concentration will be very little.
As preferably, wherein described in step (3), the magnetic field intensity of intensity magnetic separator is 600～900mT, in this magnetic field intensity, can make magnetic mineral very fast separated with non magnetic ore, magnetic mineral is the mineral such as ilmenite, garnet and hornblend, can be by the comprehensive accessory substances such as ilmenite wherein, garnet that reclaim of further sorting.
As preferably, wherein described in step (4), spiral chute is selected in gravity treatment desliming because in non-magnetic product containing a large amount of sludges, so the loss of rutile while selecting spiral chute can reduce gravity treatment desliming, the rutile that recovery size is relatively thick; And carry out twice gravity treatment, can better remove the sludge larger to influence of flotation like this.
As further preferred, described twice gravity treatment, flushing water 30ml/s is added in gravity treatment for the first time, and gravity treatment for the second time does not add flushing water, can make like this better effects if of gravity treatment, obtains the ore concentrate that purity is higher.
As preferably, wherein described in step (4), concentration is 20～30%, and the amount that the too high follow-up ore dressing of water content obtains is just few, too low the carrying out that is unfavorable for follow-up flotation of water content.
As preferably, wherein described in step (5), gangue mineral inhibitor is prodan and waterglass, gangue mineral processed, described rutile activator is that plumbi nitras or lead acetate are done, described collecting agent is styrene phosphoric acid, and described foaming agent is No. two oil, can floatingly select qualified rutile ore like this.
As further preferred, while roughly selecting in step (5), adding the amount of described prodan is 1000～1200g/t, the amount of described waterglass is 100～300g/t, the amount of described plumbi nitras or lead acetate is 100～300g/t, the amount of described styrene phosphoric acid is 300～500g/t, and No. two oily amounts of described foaming agent are 20～40g/t; The amount that adds described ethene phosphoric acid while scanning is 100～200g/t, and n-octyl alcohol 30～50g/t adds No. two oil 10～20g/t of foaming agent, adds like this medicament and can make flotation effect better, the qualified rutile rough concentrate obtaining.
The raw ore that the present invention adopts is the rutile ore containing rutile 2% left and right, by above step, the mixed crude concentrate grade that ore grinding makes that rutile fully dissociates, tail is thrown in magnetic separation, spiral chute desliming, Rutile Flotation obtain reaches 70～72%, the rate of recovery is 79～81%, after purifying by roasting, pickling again, can obtain the final mineral processing index of rutile: rutile grade 88～90%, the rutile rate of recovery 73～75%.High-intensity magnetic field is thrown tail, can throw tail 19～27%, then by compound gravity treatment desliming 11～20%, finally throw tail productive rate and reach 30～47%, and rutile loss 10～15%, reduces and enter flotation amount, greatly reduces beneficiation cost.The present invention is in conjunction with the characteristic of process mineralogy of rutile ore, adopt not only simply but also technological process cheaply, realize the low loss of Rutile and roughly selected throwing tail, obtain high target rutile concentrate, finally solve and in the primary refractory gold hongshiite of Liao Cong China, select to obtain this difficult problem of high-grade rutile ore concentrate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram and embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
With reference to figure 1, the rutile ore dressing method that cabrage is selected desliming fine particles flotation is thrown in a kind of magnetic separation of the present invention, comprises the following steps: primary minerals of rutile crushing and screening to certain ore grinding feed preparation unit size; After being milled to certain particle size with ore mill, the rutile ore particle obtaining is mixed with again certain density ore pulp; Described ore pulp is passed into intensity magnetic separator and carry out separation, obtain respectively magnetic mineral and non magnetic ore; Described non magnetic ore is carried out to gravity treatment and remove sludge and obtain ore concentrate, then ore concentrate is dewatered to finite concentration; Ore concentrate after dehydration is carried out to flotation operation, adds gangue mineral inhibitor, rutile activator, collecting agent and foaming agent, flotation rutile, after roughly selecting, carry out 1～2 time selected and scan and obtain flotation rutile rough concentrate; Described rutile rough concentrate is removed to magnetic impurity by magnetic separation, and then remove desulfuration phosphorus impurities by roasting pickling, finally obtain high-grade rutile concentrate.
Embodiment 1:
Adopting Hubei rutile ore is primary minerals of rutile, and this primary minerals of rutile is containing rutile TiO
22.24%.In this ore, main titaniferous ore is rutile, a small amount of ilmenite and aspidelite, and other burning mineral have a small amount of to micro-limonite, bloodstone and magnetic iron ore, and metal sulfide ore only has micro-pyrite; Gangue mineral is mainly hornblend, is secondly garnet, paragonite, allochite, feldspar, chlorite, clay, quartz etc.The disseminated grain size distribution of rutile is wider, and granularity thickness is extremely inhomogeneous, mainly concentrates on 0.01～0.32mm.The embedding cloth relation of rutile and gangue mineral is more complicated, most of rutile are seriate disseminated, microfine disseminated is distributed in the gangue minerals such as hornblend, garnet, muscovite, these rutile granularity thicknesses are extremely inhomogeneous, belong to the primary refractory gold hongshiite of China.By this primary minerals of rutile crushing and screening to feed preparation unit size, be 3mm, because raw ore rutile embedding cloth relation is complicated, disseminated grain size is thinner, so it is 200 orders that the rutile ore particle obtaining is milled to granularity with ore mill again, now total degree of dissociation of rutile is 90.71%, and the basic monomer of rutile fully dissociates; It is 30% ore pulp that the breeze of milled is mixed with to concentration, ore pulp is directly passed into magnetic separator and carry out magnetic separation, and magnetic field intensity is 600T, and magnetic separation can be thrown tail 22.74%; After magnetic separation, obtain respectively magnetic mineral and non magnetic ore, non magnetic ore is put into spiral chute to carry out gravity treatment and removes sludge, and carry out twice gravity treatment, flushing water 30ml/s is added in gravity treatment for the first time, and gravity treatment for the second time does not add flushing water, can remove sludge 20.06%, lose altogether rutile 17%, the concentrate yield that obtains spiral chute is 57.20%, and grade is 3.49%, and the rate of recovery is 83.33%; Again the ore concentrate essence obtaining is dewatered to concentration be 20%, ore concentrate after dehydration is carried out to flotation operation, add plumbi nitras 200g/t activation rutile, add gangue mineral composite restrainer prodan 1200g/t and waterglass 200g/t, add rutile collecting agent styrene phosphatase 24 00g/t, add No. two oily 22g/t of foaming agent, after sizing mixing, carrying out rutile roughly selects, after roughly selecting, carry out 2 times selected and scan for 2 times, chats sequentially returns, and obtains flotation rutile rough concentrate; The rutile concentrate grade floatingly selecting is 70.98%, the rate of recovery is 79.78%, wherein still contain ilmenite, the impurity such as a small amount of amphibolite, a small amount of sulphur, phosphorus, through magnetic separation, remove the impurity such as ilmenite, roasting pickling, except desulfuration phosphorus, obtains high-grade rutile, grade is 89.53%, and the rate of recovery is 74.78%.
Embodiment 2:
Adopting Zaoyang rutile ore is primary minerals of rutile, and this primary minerals of rutile contains the magnetic minerals such as a large amount of ilmenites, garnet and hornblend, belongs to the primary refractory gold hongshiite of China.By this primary minerals of rutile crushing and screening to feed preparation unit size, be 3mm, it is 200 orders that the rutile ore particle obtaining is milled to granularity with ore mill again; It is 30% ore pulp that the breeze of milled is mixed with to concentration, ore pulp is directly passed into magnetic separator and carry out magnetic separation, and magnetic field intensity is 900T, and magnetic separation can be thrown tail 27.66%; After magnetic separation, obtain respectively magnetic mineral and non magnetic ore, non magnetic ore is put into spiral chute to carry out gravity treatment and removes sludge, and carry out twice gravity treatment, flushing water 30ml/s is added in gravity treatment for the first time, and gravity treatment for the second time does not add flushing water, can remove sludge 14.17%, lose altogether rutile 11.07%, the concentrate yield that obtains spiral chute is 58.17%, and grade is 3.73%, and the rate of recovery is 88.93%; Again the ore concentrate essence obtaining is dewatered to concentration be 25%, ore concentrate after dehydration is carried out to flotation operation, add lead acetate 200g/t activation rutile, add gangue mineral composite restrainer prodan 1100g/t and waterglass 100g/t, add rutile collecting agent styrene phosphoric acid 500g/t, add No. two oily 20g/t of foaming agent, after sizing mixing, carrying out rutile roughly selects, after roughly selecting, carry out 2 times selected and scan for 2 times, chats sequentially returns, and obtains flotation rutile rough concentrate; The rutile concentrate grade floatingly selecting is 72.16%, and the rate of recovery is 80.31%, then removes the impurity such as ilmenite through magnetic separation, and roasting pickling, except desulfuration phosphorus, obtains high-grade rutile, and grade is 90.24%, and the rate of recovery is 76.12%.
Embodiment 3:
Adopting Zaoyang rutile ore is primary minerals of rutile, and this primary minerals of rutile contains the magnetic minerals such as a large amount of ilmenites, garnet and hornblend, belongs to the primary refractory gold hongshiite of China.By this primary minerals of rutile crushing and screening to feed preparation unit size, be 3mm, it is 200 orders that the rutile ore particle obtaining is milled to granularity with ore mill again; It is 30% ore pulp that the breeze of milled is mixed with to concentration, ore pulp is directly passed into magnetic separator and carry out magnetic separation, and magnetic field intensity is 700T, and magnetic separation can be thrown tail 19.74%; After magnetic separation, obtain respectively magnetic mineral and non magnetic ore, non magnetic ore is put into spiral chute to carry out gravity treatment and removes sludge, and carry out twice gravity treatment, flushing water 30ml/s is added in gravity treatment for the first time, and gravity treatment for the second time does not add flushing water, can remove sludge 14.43%, lose altogether rutile 9.96%, the concentrate yield that obtains spiral chute is 65.83%, and grade is 3.17%, and the rate of recovery is 90.04%; Again the ore concentrate essence obtaining is dewatered to concentration be 30%, ore concentrate after dehydration is carried out to flotation operation, add plumbi nitras 300g/t activation rutile, add gangue mineral composite restrainer prodan 1000g/t and waterglass 300g/t, add rutile collecting agent styrene phosphoric acid 300g/t, add No. two oily 38g/t of foaming agent, after sizing mixing, carrying out rutile roughly selects, after roughly selecting, carry out 2 times selected and scan for 2 times, chats sequentially returns, and obtains flotation rutile rough concentrate; The rutile concentrate grade floatingly selecting is 69.02%, and the rate of recovery is 81.23%, then removes the impurity such as ilmenite through magnetic separation, and roasting pickling, except desulfuration phosphorus, obtains high-grade rutile, and grade is 88.71%, and the rate of recovery is 77.53%.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention; the technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and description, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications; these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention, and the claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. the rutile ore dressing method that cabrage is selected desliming fine particles flotation is thrown in magnetic separation, comprises the following steps:
(1) by primary minerals of rutile crushing and screening to certain ore grinding feed preparation unit size;
(2) the rutile ore particle (1) being obtained is mixed with certain density ore pulp after being milled to certain particle size with ore mill again;
(3) described ore pulp is passed into intensity magnetic separator and carry out separation, obtain respectively magnetic mineral and non magnetic ore;
(4) described non magnetic ore is carried out to gravity treatment and remove sludge and obtain ore concentrate, then ore concentrate is dewatered to finite concentration;
(5) ore concentrate after dehydration is carried out to flotation operation, adds gangue mineral inhibitor, rutile activator, collecting agent and foaming agent, flotation rutile, after roughly selecting, carry out 1～2 time selected and scan and obtain flotation rutile rough concentrate;
(6) described rutile rough concentrate is removed to magnetic impurity by magnetic separation, and then remove desulfuration phosphorus impurities by roasting pickling, finally obtain high-grade rutile concentrate.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein described in step (1), primary minerals of rutile contains a large amount of ilmenites, garnet and hornblend.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein described in step (1), feed preparation unit size is 3mm.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein described in step (2), granularity is 200 orders, described pulp density is 30%.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein described in step (3), the magnetic field intensity of intensity magnetic separator is 600～900mT.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein described in step (4), spiral chute is selected in gravity treatment desliming, and carries out twice gravity treatment.
7. method according to claim 6, described twice gravity treatment, flushing water 30ml/s is added in gravity treatment for the first time, and gravity treatment for the second time does not add flushing water.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein described in step (4), concentration is 20～30%.
9. method according to claim 1, wherein described in step (5), gangue mineral inhibitor is prodan and waterglass, and described rutile activator is that plumbi nitras or lead acetate are done, and described collecting agent is styrene phosphoric acid, and described foaming agent is No. two oil.
10. method according to claim 9, while roughly selecting in step (5), adding the amount of described prodan is 1000～1200g/t, the amount of described waterglass is 100～300g/t, the amount of described plumbi nitras or lead acetate is 100～300g/t, the amount of described styrene phosphoric acid is 300～500g/t, and No. two oily amounts of described foaming agent are 20～40g/t; The amount that adds described ethene phosphoric acid while scanning is 100～200g/t, and n-octyl alcohol 30～50g/t adds No. two oil 10～20g/t of foaming agent.
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