CN111437999B - Mineral separation process for improving rutile electric separation efficiency based on microwave pretreatment - Google Patents
Mineral separation process for improving rutile electric separation efficiency based on microwave pretreatment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a mineral processing technology for improving rutile electric separation efficiency based on microwave pretreatment, which comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out microwave heating modification in the process of conveying a rutile rough concentrate raw material to an ore machine by a box-type belt, wherein the heating power is 25-35 kg/kw, and the frequency is 3500-4000 MHZFeeding ore in an amount of 40-60 kg/min; (2) performing high-voltage electric roughing with the voltage of 40-50 kV and the roller rotating speed of 160-180 r/min to obtain rutile roughing concentrate and tailings; (3) and (3) carrying out high-voltage electric concentration on the rough rutile concentrate, wherein the voltage is 50-55 kV, and the roller rotating speed is 120-130 r/min, so as to obtain the rutile concentrate and the rutile middling. The invention effectively improves the separation efficiency and effect of the iron-containing rutile, the white titanium ore and other impurities in the rutile, increases the grade of the rutile and the recovery rate of the operation, and has the characteristics of high concentration efficiency, simple process steps, environmental protection and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical engineering and metallurgy, in particular to a mineral separation process for improving the electric separation efficiency of rutile based on microwave pretreatment.
Background
The seaside placer is a very important deposit in the mineral resources of Hainan and Guangxi in China, and the deposit is accompanied by zirconite, monazite and the like with extremely large reserves besides abundant ilmenite reserves. TiO in the existing rutile rough concentrate2The low grade of (A) is mainly due to iron-containing rutile and leucolite, and TiO in the iron-containing rutile and leucolite2The mass fractions are 65.216% and 65.814%, respectively, and in order to select high grade rutile, the iron-containing rutile and the white titanium ore in the rough concentrate of rutile must be removed to improve the grade of rutile.
However, few documents are reported on the ore dressing process of rutile dressing at present, the dressing process usually adopts a multi-time high-voltage electric dressing mode for dressing at present, but the processing speed is slow and the efficiency is low, only about 30-40% of qualified rutile can be obtained by one-time electric dressing, the dressing efficiency is low, the energy consumption is large, the cost is increased, and the recycling rate of the rutile is greatly reduced due to repeated separation and selection steps, so that a new high dressing efficiency is found, the recycling rate of operation is fully increased while the comprehensive grade of the rutile is improved, and the ore dressing process of rutile dressing has important application value for fully improving the utilization rate of rutile resources and the dressing efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a mineral separation process for improving the electric separation efficiency of rutile based on microwave pretreatment.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a mineral processing technology for improving rutile electric separation efficiency based on microwave pretreatment comprises the following steps:
(1) microwave pretreatment:
conveying the raw material of the rough rutile concentrate with the water content of less than 0.1% to an ore machine by using a box-type belt, and carrying out microwave heating modification in the belt conveying process, wherein the power of the microwave heating modification is 25-35 kg/kw, and the microwave frequency of the heating modification is 3500-4000 MHZFeeding ore in an amount of 40-60 kg/min;
(2) high-voltage electric dressing and roughing:
feeding the rough rutile concentrate subjected to microwave pretreatment into a high-voltage electric separator for high-voltage electric separation roughing, wherein the electric separation roughing voltage is 40-50 kV, the rotating speed of an upper roller, a middle roller and a lower roller is 160-180 r/min, so that rough rutile concentrate and tailings are respectively obtained, and the tailings can be used for directly preparing low-grade rutile;
(3) high-voltage electric separation and concentration:
and (3) feeding the rough concentration obtained in the step (2) into a high-voltage electric concentration machine again for high-voltage electric concentration, wherein the voltage of electric concentration is 50-55 kV, and the rotating speed of an upper roller, a middle roller and a lower roller is 120-130 r/min, so that rutile concentrate and rutile middling are obtained respectively. The invention optimally designs a new rutile concentration mineral processing technology combining microwave pretreatment, high-voltage electric roughing and concentration, carries out direct microwave heating modification pretreatment in a belt conveying mode, replaces the traditional rotary kiln treatment mode, and has the advantages of high and uniform drying rate, high treatment efficiency, environmental protection, no pollution, easy automation control and the like; the problems of uneven heating treatment, limited site and the like of the conventional rutile rough concentrate raw material are effectively solved by controlling parameters such as power, frequency, continuous ore feeding amount and the like of microwave pretreatment transmitted by a belt and corresponding condition parameters of rough concentration and fine concentration of high-voltage electric separation, meanwhile, the microwave heating modification uniformity of the rutile rough concentrate raw material is fully improved, the separation effect of iron-containing rutile, white titanium ore and other impurities in rutile in the high-voltage electric separation process is greatly improved, the grade of rutile is effectively improved, the recovery rate of operation is greatly increased while the grade of rutile is improved, the method has the characteristics of high fine concentration efficiency of the rutile rough concentrate, simple process steps, environmental protection and high efficiency, and high utilization rate and high fine concentration efficiency of rutile resources are realized.
Further, in the step (1), the microwave heating modification time is 15-30 s, and the ore feeding amount is 50-55 kg/min.
Further, in the step (1), the power of the microwave heating modification is 30kg/kw, and the microwave frequency of the heating modification is 3550MHZ。
Further explaining, before the high-voltage electric separation roughing, the step (2) also comprises variable-pressure roasting treatment, wherein the rutile rough concentrate raw material is sent into a roasting furnace, treated at 50-60 ℃ for 2-5 min under 1.0-2.5 MPa, treated at 3.5-5.0 MPa and 65-75 ℃ for 5-8 min, and then quickly sent into a high-voltage electric separator for high-voltage electric separation roughing. The pressure-variable roasting treatment is adopted before the high-voltage electric separation roughing, so that the rutile rough concentrate after the microwave pretreatment is subjected to the stepped pressure-boosting roasting treatment, and is controlled at a certain roasting temperature, the separation effect of the iron-containing rutile, the white titanium ore and other impurities in the rutile in the high-voltage electric separation process is further improved, and the grade of the rutile is fully improved.
Further, in the step (2), the temperature of the placer ore subjected to high-voltage electric separation and roughing is 45-55 ℃.
Further, in the step (3), the temperature of the high-voltage electric separation and concentration placer is 35-40 ℃. The temperatures of the placer ores subjected to rough concentration and fine concentration by high-voltage electric separation are respectively controlled, so that the grade of the rutile concentrate subjected to high-voltage electric separation is favorably improved.
Further explaining, in the step (2), the electric dressing roughing voltage is 45kV, and the rotating speed of the upper roller, the middle roller and the lower roller is 175 r/min.
Further, in the step (3), the electric concentration and concentration voltage is 53kV, and the rotating speed of the upper roller, the middle roller and the lower roller is 125 r/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: in order to improve the separation efficiency and effect of iron-containing rutile, white titanium ore and other impurities in rutile, the invention designs a novel rutile concentrating mineral separation process combining microwave pretreatment, high-voltage electric roughing and concentrating, wherein, direct microwave heating modification pretreatment is carried out in a belt conveying way to replace the traditional rotary kiln treatment way, and the invention has the advantages of large and uniform drying rate, high treatment efficiency, environmental protection, no pollution, easy automatic control and the like; by controlling parameters such as power, frequency, continuous ore feeding amount and the like of microwave pretreatment transmitted by a belt and corresponding condition parameters of rough concentration by high-voltage electric separation and fine concentration by high-voltage electric separation, the problems of nonuniform heating treatment, limited site and the like of the conventional rutile rough concentrate raw material are effectively solved, the microwave heating modification uniformity of the rutile rough concentrate raw material is fully improved, the separation effect of iron-containing rutile, white titanium ore and other impurities in rutile in the high-voltage electric separation process is greatly improved, and the grade of the rutile and the recovery rate of operation are effectively improved. Compared with the existing multiple high-voltage electric separation process, the invention effectively improves the concentration efficiency of the rutile rough concentrate, has the characteristics of simple process steps, environmental protection and high efficiency, improves the grade of rutile by 3-5%, and improves the operation recovery rate of the rutile concentrate by 20-30%, thereby more effectively improving the utilization rate and the concentration efficiency of rutile resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a beneficiation process for improving rutile electric separation efficiency based on microwave pretreatment in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Embodiment 1-a mineral processing technology based on microwave pretreatment for improving rutile electric separation efficiency, comprising the following steps:
(1) microwave pretreatment:
conveying the raw material of rough rutile concentrate with water content of 0.05% to an ore machine by a box-type belt, and performing microwave heating modification in the conveying process of the belt, wherein the power of the microwave heating modification is 25kg/kw, and the microwave frequency of the heating modification is 3500MHZThe microwave heating modification time is 15s, and the ore feeding amount is 40 kg/min;
(2) high-voltage electric dressing roughing:
feeding the rough rutile concentrate subjected to microwave pretreatment into a high-voltage electric separator for high-voltage electric separation roughing, wherein the electric separation roughing voltage is 40kV, the rotating speed of an upper roller, a middle roller and a lower roller is 160 r/min, the temperature of the sand ore subjected to high-voltage electric separation roughing is 45 ℃, and the rough rutile concentrate and the tailings can be respectively obtained and can be used for directly preparing low-grade rutile;
(3) high-voltage electric separation and concentration:
and (3) feeding the rough concentration obtained in the step (2) into a high-voltage electric concentration machine again for high-voltage electric concentration, wherein the voltage of the electric concentration is 50kV, the rotating speed of an upper roller, a middle roller and a lower roller is 120-130 r/min, the temperature of the placer of the high-voltage electric concentration is 35 ℃, and rutile concentrate and rutile middling are obtained respectively.
In order to verify the concentration effect of the rutile rough concentrate of the rutile beneficiation process, the beneficiation methods of the following examples and comparative examples are respectively arranged, and the corresponding yield, grade and recovery rate conditions are measured and counted according to a conventional measuring method.
Embodiment 2-a mineral processing technology based on microwave pretreatment improves rutile electricity selection efficiency, includes the following steps:
(1) microwave pretreatment:
the raw material of the rough concentrate of the rutile with the water content of 0.05 percent is the rough concentrate of the Mosangbike rutile of Hainan Haitou mining industry Co., Ltd, wherein the rough concentrate contains TiO282.18% of Fe1.24% and ZrO23.58 percent. Wherein the rutile is the main component, and part of the rutile containing iron, ilmenite, zirconite, leucotitanite and a small amount of brookite and anatase;
conveying the mixture to an ore machine by a box-type belt, and performing microwave heating modification in the conveying process of the belt, wherein the power of the microwave heating modification is 35kg/kw, and the microwave frequency of the heating modification is 4000MHZThe microwave heating modification time is 30s, and the ore feeding amount is 60 kg/min;
(2) high-voltage electric dressing roughing:
feeding the rough rutile concentrate subjected to microwave pretreatment into a high-voltage electric separator for high-voltage electric separation roughing, wherein the electric separation roughing voltage is 50kV, the rotating speed of an upper roller, a middle roller and a lower roller is 180 r/min, the temperature of the sand ore subjected to high-voltage electric separation roughing is 55 ℃, and the rough rutile concentrate and the tailings can be respectively obtained and can be used for directly preparing low-grade rutile;
(3) high-voltage electric separation and concentration:
and (3) sending the rough concentration obtained in the step (2) into a high-voltage electric separator again for high-voltage electric separation and concentration, wherein the voltage of the electric separation and concentration is 55kV, the rotating speed of an upper roller, a middle roller and a lower roller is 130 r/min, the temperature of the high-voltage electric separation and concentration sand ore is 40 ℃, and rutile concentrate and rutile middling are obtained respectively.
Embodiment 3-a mineral processing technology based on microwave pretreatment for improving rutile electric separation efficiency, comprising the following steps:
(1) microwave pretreatment:
the raw material of the rough concentrate of the rutile with the water content of 0.05 percent is rough concentrate of rutile in Malaysia of Fujian Wensheng mining Co Ltd, wherein the rough concentrate contains TiO283.09%, Fe1.44% and ZrO22.98 percent. Wherein the rutile is the main component, and part of the rutile containing iron, ilmenite, zirconite, leucotitanite and a small amount of brookite and anatase;
conveying to an ore machine by a box type belt, and performing microwave heating modification in the conveying process of the belt, wherein the power of the microwave heating modification is 30kg/kw, and the microwave frequency of the heating modification is 3550MHZThe microwave heating modification time is 25s, and the ore feeding amount is 50 kg/min;
(2) high-voltage electric dressing roughing:
the rough concentrate of rutile after microwave pretreatment is sent to a roasting furnace, firstly, the rough concentrate of rutile is treated for 5min at 60 ℃ under 2.5MPa, then treated for 8min at 75 ℃ under 5.0MPa, and then quickly sent to a high-voltage electric separator for high-voltage electric separation rough separation, wherein the electric separation rough separation voltage is 45kV, the rotating speed of an upper roller, a middle roller and a lower roller is 175 r/min, the temperature of the sand ore of the high-voltage electric separation rough separation is 48 ℃, rough concentrate of rutile and tailings are respectively obtained, and the tailings can be used for directly preparing low-grade rutile;
(3) high-voltage electric separation and concentration:
and (3) feeding the rough concentration obtained in the step (2) into a high-voltage electric concentration machine again for high-voltage electric concentration, wherein the electric concentration voltage is 53kV, the rotating speed of an upper roller, a middle roller and a lower roller is 125 r/min, the temperature of the high-voltage electric concentration sand ore is 38 ℃, and rutile concentrate and rutile middling are obtained respectively.
Comparative example 1-mineral separation process according to example 2 for improving the efficiency of electric separation of rutile based on microwave pretreatment, the difference being: in the step (1), the rutile rough concentrate raw material is added into a microwave roller furnace for microwave heating, the power of the microwave heating is 3kw, and the microwave frequency of the microwave heating is 3350MHZThe microwave heating modification time is 60s, and the treatment capacity is 110 kg/time; the remaining steps were the same as in example 2.
The yield, grade and recovery of the beneficiation of rutile rough concentrate according to the methods of the rutile beneficiation processes of examples 2, 3 and comparative example 1 are as follows:
as is clear from the above table, in example 2, the raw ore can contain TiO282.18%, Fe1.24% and ZrO23.58% rutile fraction, comprehensive grade TiO295.32 percent of rutile concentrate with operation recovery rate of 80.03 percent and comprehensive grade TiO286.48 percent and the operation recovery rate is 17.29 percent; in example 3, the raw ore may be TiO-containing283.09%, Fe1.44% and ZrO22.98% rutile separation of comprehensive grade TiO294.77 percent of rutile concentrate with operation recovery rate of 81.34 percent and comprehensive grade TiO285.14 percent and the operation recovery rate is 14.31 percent. In comparative example 1, the raw ore was made to contain TiO282.18%, Fe1.24% and ZrO2The comprehensive grade of the 3.58% rutile separated concentrate is only 88.24%, the operation recovery rate is 65.24%, the comprehensive grade of the rutile middling is only 85.14%, and the operation recovery rate is 25.14%; therefore, the invention shows a new ore dressing process for rutile concentration, which is formed by combining the microwave heating modification pretreatment conveyed by the belt with the high-voltage electric separation rough concentration and the high-voltage electric separation fine concentration, and effectively improves the separation effect of the iron-containing rutile, the white titanium ore and other impurities in the rutile in the high-voltage electric separation process by controlling the parameters of the power, the frequency, the continuous ore feeding amount and the like of the microwave pretreatment conveyed by the belt and the corresponding condition parameters of the high-voltage electric separation rough concentration and the high-voltage electric separation fine concentration, thereby achieving the purposes of fully improving the yield, the grade and the operation recovery rate of the rutile concentration, having simple process steps and high concentration efficiency and utilization rate of the rutile rough concentrate.
Example 4-beneficiation process to improve rutile electrowinning efficiency based on microwave pretreatment according to example 2, with the difference: in the step (2), the rutile rough concentrate subjected to microwave pretreatment is sent to a roasting furnace, firstly, the rutile rough concentrate is treated at 50 ℃ for 2min under 1.0MPa, then is treated at 3.5MPa and 65 ℃ for 5min, and then is quickly sent to a high-voltage electric separator for corresponding high-voltage electric separation rough separation, so that rutile rough concentrate and tailings are obtained respectively; finally, after high-voltage electric separation and fine selection, rutile concentrate and rutile middling are respectively obtained; wherein the raw ore contains TiO282.18%, Fe1.24% and ZrO2The comprehensive grade of the rutile concentrate separated by 3.58 percent of rutile is 96.01 percent, the operation recovery rate is 81.26 percent, the comprehensive grade of the rutile middlings is 88.17 percent, and the operation recovery rate is 16.04 percent.
Example 5-beneficiation process to improve rutile electrowinning efficiency based on microwave pretreatment according to example 2, with the difference: in the step (2), feeding the rutile rough concentrate subjected to microwave pretreatment to roastingTreating in a burning furnace at 3.5MPa and 65 ℃ for 7min, and then quickly sending into a high-voltage electric separator for corresponding high-voltage electric separation roughing to respectively obtain rutile roughing concentrate and tailings; finally, after high-voltage electric separation and fine selection, rutile concentrate and rutile middling are respectively obtained; wherein the raw ore contains TiO282.18%, Fe1.24% and ZrO2The comprehensive grade of the rutile concentrate separated from the 3.58% rutile is 95.54%, the operation recovery rate is 80.65%, the comprehensive grade of the rutile middlings is 87.89%, and the operation recovery rate is 17.27%.
Comparing example 2 with example 4, the comprehensive grade of the rutile concentrate sorted out in example 4 and the comprehensive grade of the rutile middlings are further improved, while the sorting effect of example 5 and example 2 is close, which shows that the invention adopts the pressure-variable roasting treatment before the high-voltage electric separation and roughing, so that the rutile rough concentrate after the microwave pretreatment is subjected to the stepped pressure-increasing roasting treatment and is controlled at a certain roasting temperature, the separation effect of the iron-containing rutile, the white titanium ore and other impurities in the rutile in the high-voltage electric separation process can be further improved, and the grade of the rutile is fully improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A mineral processing technology for improving rutile electric separation efficiency based on microwave pretreatment is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) microwave pretreatment:
conveying the raw material of the rough rutile concentrate with the water content of less than 0.1% to an ore machine by using a box-type belt, and carrying out microwave heating modification in the belt conveying process, wherein the power of the microwave heating modification is 25-35 kg/kw, and the microwave frequency of the heating modification is 3500-4000 MHZFeeding ore in an amount of 40-60 kg/min;
(2) high-voltage electric dressing roughing:
feeding the rough rutile concentrate subjected to microwave pretreatment into a high-voltage electric separator for high-voltage electric separation and rough concentration, wherein the voltage of electric separation and rough concentration is 40-50 kV, and the rotating speed of an upper roller, a middle roller and a lower roller is 160-180 r/min, so as to respectively obtain rough rutile concentrate and tailings;
(3) high-voltage electric separation and concentration:
feeding the rough concentration obtained in the step (2) into a high-voltage electric separator again for high-voltage electric separation and concentration, wherein the voltage of electric separation and concentration is 50-55 kV, and the rotating speed of an upper roller, a middle roller and a lower roller is 120-130 r/min, so as to obtain rutile concentrate and rutile middling respectively;
before the high-voltage electric separation roughing, the step (2) also comprises variable-pressure roasting treatment, wherein the rutile rough concentrate raw material is sent into a roasting furnace, treated at 50-60 ℃ for 2-5 min under 1.0-2.5 MPa, treated at 3.5-5.0 MPa and 65-75 ℃ for 5-8 min, and then quickly sent into a high-voltage electric separator for high-voltage electric separation roughing.
2. The mineral processing technology for improving the electric separation efficiency of rutile based on microwave pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the microwave heating modification time is 15-30 s, and the ore feeding amount is 50-55 kg/min.
3. The mineral processing technology for improving the electric separation efficiency of rutile based on microwave pretreatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), the power of the microwave heating modification is 30kg/kw, and the microwave frequency of the heating modification is 3550MHZ。
4. The mineral processing technology for improving the electric separation efficiency of rutile based on microwave pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the temperature of the placer ore subjected to high-voltage electric separation and roughing is 45-55 ℃.
5. The mineral processing technology for improving the electric separation efficiency of rutile based on microwave pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the temperature of the high-voltage electric separation and concentration placer is 35-40 ℃.
6. The mineral processing technology for improving the electric separation efficiency of rutile based on microwave pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the electric dressing roughing voltage is 45kV, and the rotating speed of the upper roller, the middle roller and the lower roller is 175 r/min.
7. The mineral processing technology for improving the electric separation efficiency of rutile based on microwave pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the electric concentration and concentration voltage is 53kV, and the rotating speed of the upper roller, the middle roller and the lower roller is 125 r/min.
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| CN113182076B (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2023-06-30 | 长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司 | Comprehensive treatment method of titanium concentrate for titanium chloride slag raw material |
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| CN101113488A (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2008-01-30 | 攀枝花锐龙冶化材料开发有限公司 | Method for comprehensive utilization of V-Ti-bearing iron ore concentrate by using tunnel kiln reduction-grinding - separation |
| CN101879479A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2010-11-10 | 西北有色地质研究院 | Eclogitic rutile ore sorting method |
| CN102500462A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2012-06-20 | 昆明理工大学 | Rutile roughing technology consisting of selective ore grinding, coarse particle gravity separation and fine particle floatation |
| CN103586124A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-02-19 | 中南大学 | Rutile beneficiation method comprising magnetic separation, tailing discarding reselection. desliming and fine particle floatation |
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