CN103574630A - Method for improving temperature of smoke discharged by chimney of thermal power plant, smoke heating system and thermal power generation unit - Google Patents
Method for improving temperature of smoke discharged by chimney of thermal power plant, smoke heating system and thermal power generation unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN103574630A CN103574630A CN201210249933.5A CN201210249933A CN103574630A CN 103574630 A CN103574630 A CN 103574630A CN 201210249933 A CN201210249933 A CN 201210249933A CN 103574630 A CN103574630 A CN 103574630A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving temperature of smoke discharged by a thermal power plant, a smoke heating system and a thermal power generation unit adopting the system. The method utilizes waste steam of a driving steam turbine to heat the smoke passing through and flowing out of a desulfurizing absorption tower, and then heated smoke is discharged into a chimney. The smoke heating system comprises a smoke heating device which is arranged between the desulfurizing absorption tower and the chimney and used for utilizing the waste steam of the driving steam turbine to heat the smoke. The smoke heating system fully utilizes the waste steam energy of the driving steam turbine, especially latent heat of vaporization in the waste steam, the overall efficiency of the thermal power plant is improved, meanwhile the smoke rising height is increased, the pollutant falling concentration is reduced, and environmental protection is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermal power generation, be specifically related to the flue gas heating system in generating equipment.
Background technology
Thermal power plant is provided with after wet desulfurization system, and the flue-gas temperature of process desulfurizer is generally 50 ℃.Some desulphurization systems are provided with flue gas-flue gas heat-exchange unit (GGH), flue-gas temperature can be brought up to approximately 80 ℃, then by smoke stack emission, arrive atmosphere.And the desulphurization system of GGH is not set, the temperature of smoke stack emission is only 50 ℃ of left and right.By the flue gas of 50 ℃ after wet desulphurization, containing more water, can cause following problem: the corrosivity of (1) 50 ℃ of flue gas than 80 ℃ high a lot, cause chimney must adopt expensive resistant material; (2) flue gas water content senior general causes gypsum particle to discharge chimney, and drops on chimney very near region around, causes " gypsum rain ", affects power plant's plant environment.
For this reason, some power plant adopt the flue gas of auxiliary steam or the import of hot Secondary Air heating chimney, and flue gas is arrived to approximately 80 ℃.Yet because auxiliary steam and hot Secondary Air can be for generatings, its energy is high-quality energy, consumes auxiliary steam and hot Secondary Air, will expend many energy, has reduced power plant's overall thermal efficiency.
And at present, in power plant, the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine enters condenser, its energy major part is recycled water and takes away, and can not be utilized by power plant.
Therefore consider how to utilize the energy of exhaust steam, to improve power plant's overall thermal efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide method and flue gas heating system that a kind of exhaust steam that utilizes the driving steam turbine in generating equipment is heated the flue gas of chimney import.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of method that improves thermal power plant's chimney emission temperature, described thermal power plant is provided with driving steam turbine, condenser, boiler, air preheater, deduster, desulfuration absorbing tower and chimney, it is characterized in that, to be the exhaust steam that utilizes described driving steam turbine heat the flue gas flowing through after described desulfuration absorbing tower out described method, and then the flue gas after heating is entered to described chimney.
Preferably, the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine is condensed after being cooled and is entered condenser or according to condensing water temperature, get back to the heater of the heat regenerative system in described thermal power plant.
The present invention also provides a kind of flue gas heating system that improves thermal power plant's chimney emission temperature, described thermal power plant is provided with driving steam turbine, condenser, boiler, air preheater, deduster, desulfuration absorbing tower and chimney, and described flue gas heating system comprises the Smoke-heating device for utilizing the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine to heat flue gas being arranged between described desulfuration absorbing tower and described chimney.
In one preferred embodiment, in flue gas heating system, described Smoke-heating device comprises gas-water heat exchanger, steams steam water heat exchanger, circulating pump and pipeline;
The water entrance of described gas-water heat exchanger is connected with the water entrance of described steaming steam water heat exchanger with pipeline by circulating pump;
The steam of described steaming steam water heat exchanger is imported and exported respectively and is connected with described condenser or heat regenerative system with the exhaust steam outlet of described driving steam turbine by pipeline; And
The smoke entrance of described gas-water heat exchanger is connected with described chimney with described desulfuration absorbing tower respectively.
In another preferred embodiment, in flue gas heating system, described Smoke-heating device comprises flue gas-vapor heat exchanger and pipeline;
The steam of described flue gas-vapor heat exchanger is imported and exported respectively and is connected with described condenser or heat regenerative system with the exhaust steam outlet of described driving steam turbine by described pipeline; And
The smoke entrance of described flue gas-vapor heat exchanger is connected with described chimney with described desulfuration absorbing tower respectively.
In another preferred embodiment, in flue gas heating system, described Smoke-heating device comprises steam-air heat exchanger, blower fan and pipeline;
The steam of described steam-air heat exchanger is imported and exported respectively and is connected with described condenser or heat regenerative system with the exhaust steam outlet of described driving steam turbine by pipeline; And
The air intake of described steam-air heat exchanger is connected with described blower fan, and the air outlet slit of described steam-air heat exchanger is connected with the exhaust gases passes between described desulfuration absorbing tower and described chimney, to heat flue gas.
Preferably, in the present invention, described driving steam turbine is for driving feed pump, air-introduced machine, water circulating pump, primary air fan, pressure fan, condensate pump or the generator of described thermal power plant.
Preferably, the medium in described gas-water heat exchanger and described steaming steam water heat exchanger is liquid medium.
Preferably, described flue gas-vapor heat exchanger is pipe heat exchanger.
The present invention also provides a kind of fired power generating unit, and described fired power generating unit comprises the flue gas heating system described in above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment.
In flue gas heating system of the present invention, utilize the flue gas of the exhaust steam heating desulphurization system outlet of driving steam turbine, made exhaust gas temperature more than 70～80 ℃, eliminated the adverse effect of low flue-gas temperature to chimney.In addition, flue gas heating system of the present invention also tool have the following advantages:
(1) take full advantage of the latent heat of vaporization in the energy of driving steam turbine exhaust steam, especially exhaust steam.
(2), by exhaust steam energy is heated to flue gas, utilized the waste heat in power plant, thereby improved the whole efficiency in power plant.
(3) improve the flue-gas temperature of chimney import, greatly reduced the corrosivity of flue gas, reduced chimney anticorrosion cost, increased atmosphere hoist height simultaneously, reduced the flooring concentration of pollutant, be conducive to environmental protection.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system layout schematic diagram of an embodiment of the exhaust steam that utilizes driving steam turbine in generating equipment of the present invention flue gas heating system that the flue gas of chimney import is heated;
Fig. 2 is the system layout schematic diagram of another embodiment of the exhaust steam that utilizes driving steam turbine in generating equipment of the present invention flue gas heating system that the flue gas of chimney import is heated;
Fig. 3 is the system layout schematic diagram of another embodiment of the exhaust steam that utilizes driving steam turbine in generating equipment of the present invention flue gas heating system that the flue gas of chimney import is heated.
The specific embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present invention is elaborated, so that clearer understanding objects, features and advantages of the present invention.It should be understood that embodiment shown in the drawings is not limitation of the scope of the invention, and just for the connotation of technical solution of the present invention is described.In figure, same or analogous part uses the same reference numerals to represent.
Below, major technique term of the present invention is described.
Herein, described boiler main will comprise boiler plant.Described boiler plant is not specifically limited, and only otherwise goal of the invention of the present invention is produced to restriction, is well known by persons skilled in the art.Can adopt π type boiler (or claiming to send type boiler), tower boiler, inverted U boiler etc., can be coal-burning boiler, oil burning boiler etc., can be natural circulation boiler, forced circulation boiler, direct current cooker etc., all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described air preheater is not specifically limited, and only otherwise goal of the invention of the present invention is produced to restriction, is well known by persons skilled in the art.Can adopt tubular preheater, rotary preheater etc., all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described deduster refers to the equipment that catches dust in flue gas.Only otherwise goal of the invention of the present invention is produced to restriction, be well known by persons skilled in the art.Can adopt electrostatic precipitator, cloth bag flue gas ash removal unit, electricity bag flue gas ash removal unit, moisture film flue gas ash removal unit etc., all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, driving steam turbine refers to some rotating machinerys into thermal power plant, as feed pump, air-introduced machine etc. provides the steam turbine of the power of rotation, also drives the steam turbine of generator.
Herein, exhaust steam in steam turbine refers to that steam enters the steam discharge after driving steam turbine acting.
Below describe embodiments of the present invention in detail.Fig. 1 is the system layout schematic diagram of an embodiment of the exhaust steam that utilizes driving steam turbine in generating equipment of the present invention flue gas heating system 100 that the flue gas of chimney import is heated.As shown in Figure 1, in flue gas heating system 100, by boiler 1 flue gas out, first by air preheater 2, then, by deduster 3, then enter desulfuration absorbing tower 4.Flue gas from desulfuration absorbing tower 4 out, enter the gas-water heat exchanger 9 being arranged between desulfuration absorbing tower 4 and chimney 11, after gas-water heat exchanger 9 heating, finally enter chimney 11, and be discharged in atmosphere by chimney 11.
In general, from desulfuration absorbing tower 4 flue-gas temperature out, 50 ℃ of left and right, if the flue gas of this temperature directly enters chimney, be unfavorable for service life and the environmental protection of chimney.And gas-water heat exchanger 9 is from desulfuration absorbing tower 4 flue gas out to approximately 80 ℃, and then enter chimney, greatly improved the service life of chimney and be conducive to environmental protection.
As shown in Figure 1, the water out of gas-water heat exchanger 9 (or thermal medium outlet) is communicated with water inlet (or the thermal medium entrance) fluid that steams steam water heat exchanger 8, the water inlet of gas-water heat exchanger 9 is communicated with the water out fluid that steams steam water heat exchanger 8, and at the water inlet of gas-water heat exchanger 9 and steam between steam water heat exchanger 8 and be also provided with heat medium water circulating pump 10, form thus closed circuit.Thereby utilize to steam 8 pairs of gas-water heat exchangers 9 of steam water heat exchanger, heat, and and then heating flow through the flue gas of gas-water heat exchanger 9.
The steaming steam inlet of steam water heat exchanger 8 and the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 5 outlet are connected, and the steam (vapor) outlet that steams steam water heat exchanger 8 is connected with condenser 7.The exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 5 enters steams after steam water heat exchanger 8, after exhaust steam is cooled, condenses, and enters condenser 7 to reclaim working medium, and the heater that also can get back to heat regenerative system according to condensing water temperature is to reclaim working medium and heat.After the heat medium water of steaming steam water heat exchanger 8 is heated, enter gas-water heat exchanger 9, heating flue gas is also cooled simultaneously, has completed the process to flue gas by the power conversion of exhaust steam.
The exhaust pressure of driving steam turbine 5 is set to and makes exhaust steam temperature and heating agent water temperature, heating agent water temperature and flue-gas temperature have rational end poor, and exhaust steam can be condensed into water, flue gas is heated to more than 70～80 ℃ simultaneously, and circulating pump 10 makes heat medium water fluid interchange in steaming steam water heat exchanger 8 and gas-water heat exchanger 9.
Fig. 2 is the system layout schematic diagram of another embodiment of the exhaust steam that utilizes driving steam turbine in generating equipment of the present invention flue gas heating system 101 that the flue gas of chimney import is heated.As shown in Figure 2, in flue gas heating system 101, by boiler 1 flue gas out, first by air preheater 2, then, by deduster 3, then enter desulfuration absorbing tower 4.Flue gas from desulfuration absorbing tower 4 out, enter the flue gas-vapor heat exchanger 12 being arranged between desulfuration absorbing tower 4 and chimney 11, after flue gas-vapor heat exchanger 12 heating, finally enter chimney 11, and be discharged in atmosphere by chimney 11.
The steam inlet of flue gas-vapor heat exchanger 12 is connected with the exhaust steam outlet of driving steam turbine 5, and the steam (vapor) outlet of flue gas-vapor heat exchanger 12 is connected with condenser 7.The exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 5 enters flue gas-vapor heat exchanger 12, and heating flue gas is also cooled simultaneously, has completed the process to flue gas by the power conversion of exhaust steam.
The exhaust pressure of driving steam turbine is set to and makes exhaust steam temperature and flue-gas temperature have rational end poor, and exhaust steam can be condensed into water, and flue gas is heated to more than approximately 70～80 ℃ simultaneously.Exhaust steam is condensed after being cooled, and enters condenser to reclaim working medium, and the heater that also can get back to heat regenerative system according to condensing water temperature is to reclaim working medium and heat.
Fig. 3 is the system layout schematic diagram of another embodiment of the exhaust steam that utilizes driving steam turbine in generating equipment of the present invention flue gas heating system 102 that the flue gas of chimney import is heated.As shown in Figure 3, in flue gas heating system 102, by boiler 1 flue gas out, first by air preheater 2, then, by deduster 3, then enter desulfuration absorbing tower 4, finally enter chimney 11, and be discharged in atmosphere by chimney 11.
In the present embodiment, for improving the temperature of the flue gas enter chimney 11, in the exhaust gases passes between desulfuration absorbing tower and chimney 11, be connected with hot blast, with flue gas is arrived approximately 80 ℃ or more than.As shown in Figure 3, steam-air heat exchanger 13 that hot blast is connected by the exhaust steam outlet with driving steam turbine 5 forms.The steam inlet end of steam-air heat exchanger 13 is connected to the exhaust steam outlet of driving steam turbine, and steam (vapor) outlet end is connected to condenser 7.Air enters after steam-air heat exchanger 13 via blower fan 14, by the Steam Heating from exhaust steam, then enters exhaust gases passes between desulfuration absorbing tower 4 and chimney 11 with heating flue gas.
The exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 5 enters steam-air heat exchanger, after exhaust steam is cooled, condenses, and enters condenser 7 to reclaim working medium, and the heater that also can get back to the heat regenerative system in thermal power plant according to condensing water temperature is to reclaim working medium and heat.Air is mixed into flue gas after being heated by steam-air heat exchanger, and flue-gas temperature is brought up to more than approximately 70～80 ℃, has completed the process to flue gas by the power conversion of exhaust steam.
The structure of the boiler 1 in above-described embodiment, air preheater 2, deduster 3, desulfuration absorbing tower 4, chimney 11, driving steam turbine 5, condenser 7 and each heat exchanger 8,9,12,13 etc. is prior art, at this, is not described in detail.
In above-described embodiment, driving steam turbine 5 can be used for driving the equipment 6 such as feed pump, air-introduced machine, water circulating pump, primary air fan, pressure fan, condensate pump or generator.
In above-described embodiment, gas-water heat exchanger and steaming steam water heat exchanger also adopt the indirect-heating heat exchanger of other liquid medium, and medium can be low-boiling point liquids such as water, ethylene glycol.
In above-described embodiment, flue gas-vapor heat exchanger can be pipe heat exchanger.
In above-described embodiment, the import of each heat exchanger and outlet are comparatively speaking, if one of them is outlet in the i.e. import and export of heat exchanger, with it corresponding one be entrance, vice versa.
In flue gas heating system of the present invention, utilize the flue gas of the exhaust steam heating desulphurization system outlet of driving steam turbine, made exhaust gas temperature more than 70～80 ℃, eliminated the adverse effect of low flue-gas temperature to chimney.In addition, flue gas heating system of the present invention also tool have the following advantages:
(1) take full advantage of the latent heat of vaporization in the energy of driving steam turbine exhaust steam, especially exhaust steam.
(2), by exhaust steam energy is heated to flue gas, utilized the waste heat in power plant, thereby improved the whole efficiency in power plant.
(3) improve the flue-gas temperature of chimney import, greatly reduced the corrosivity of flue gas, reduced chimney anticorrosion cost, increased atmosphere hoist height simultaneously, reduced the flooring concentration of pollutant, be conducive to environmental protection.
Below described preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail, but it will be appreciated that, after having read above-mentioned instruction content of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention.These equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Claims (10)
1. a method that improves thermal power plant's chimney emission temperature, described thermal power plant is provided with driving steam turbine, condenser, boiler, air preheater, deduster, desulfuration absorbing tower and chimney, it is characterized in that, to be the exhaust steam that utilizes described driving steam turbine heat the flue gas flowing through after described desulfuration absorbing tower out described method, and then the flue gas after heating is entered to described chimney.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, condenses and enter condenser or according to condensing water temperature, get back to the heater of the heat regenerative system in described thermal power plant after the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine is cooled.
3. a flue gas heating system that improves thermal power plant's chimney emission temperature, described thermal power plant is provided with driving steam turbine, condenser, boiler, air preheater, deduster, desulfuration absorbing tower and chimney, it is characterized in that, described flue gas heating system comprises the Smoke-heating device for utilizing the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine to heat flue gas being arranged between described desulfuration absorbing tower and described chimney.
4. flue gas heating system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that,
Described Smoke-heating device comprises gas-water heat exchanger, steams steam water heat exchanger, circulating pump and pipeline;
The water entrance of described gas-water heat exchanger is connected with the water entrance of described steaming steam water heat exchanger with pipeline by circulating pump;
The steam of described steaming steam water heat exchanger is imported and exported respectively and is connected with described condenser or heat regenerative system with the exhaust steam outlet of described driving steam turbine by pipeline; And
The smoke entrance of described gas-water heat exchanger is connected with described chimney with described desulfuration absorbing tower respectively.
5. flue gas heating system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that,
Described Smoke-heating device comprises flue gas-vapor heat exchanger and pipeline;
The steam of described flue gas-vapor heat exchanger is imported and exported respectively and is connected with described condenser or heat regenerative system with the exhaust steam outlet of described driving steam turbine by described pipeline; And
The smoke entrance of described flue gas-vapor heat exchanger is connected with described chimney with described desulfuration absorbing tower respectively.
6. flue gas heating system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that,
Described Smoke-heating device comprises steam-air heat exchanger, blower fan and pipeline;
The steam of described steam-air heat exchanger is imported and exported respectively and is connected with described condenser or heat regenerative system with the exhaust steam outlet of described driving steam turbine by pipeline; And
The air intake of described steam-air heat exchanger is connected with described blower fan, and the air outlet slit of described steam-air heat exchanger is connected with the exhaust gases passes between described desulfuration absorbing tower and described chimney, to heat flue gas.
7. flue gas heating system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described driving steam turbine is for driving feed pump, air-introduced machine, water circulating pump, primary air fan, pressure fan, condensate pump or the generator of described thermal power plant.
8. flue gas heating system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the medium in described gas-water heat exchanger and described steaming steam water heat exchanger is liquid medium.
9. flue gas heating system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described flue gas-vapor heat exchanger is pipe heat exchanger.
10. a fired power generating unit, is characterized in that, described fired power generating unit comprises the flue gas heating system described in any one in claim 3-9.
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| CN105423325A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-03-23 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Steam cooling system for low-temperature smoke and working method |
| CN105465813A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-06 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Smoke heater used for low-temperature smoke and heating method of smoke heater |
| CN107008119A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-04 | 北京国电龙源环保工程有限公司 | A kind of device and method for eliminating the wet misty rain of wet desulphurization |
| CN107631289A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-01-26 | 中清源环保节能有限公司 | A kind of coal-burning power plant's heat supply initial station low temperature Mist heat recovering system |
| CN108105784A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-06-01 | 天津城建大学 | Burning power plant low temperature exhaust heat recovery system and method |
| CN108506953A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-07 | 山西沁新能源集团股份有限公司 | It is a kind of to ensure flue gas ultra-clean exhaust system using boiler idle air |
| CN108590788A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-09-28 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of steam turbine of thermal power plant energy comprehensive utilization system |
| CN109681281A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-04-26 | 清华大学 | A kind of biomass thermal cogeneration system that can recycle steam exhaust and fume afterheat simultaneously |
| CN112219080A (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2021-01-12 | 瓦尔梅特股份有限公司 | Through-air drying system and method with hot air injection |
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| CN105465813A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-06 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Smoke heater used for low-temperature smoke and heating method of smoke heater |
| CN105423325A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-03-23 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Steam cooling system for low-temperature smoke and working method |
| CN107008119A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-04 | 北京国电龙源环保工程有限公司 | A kind of device and method for eliminating the wet misty rain of wet desulphurization |
| CN107631289A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-01-26 | 中清源环保节能有限公司 | A kind of coal-burning power plant's heat supply initial station low temperature Mist heat recovering system |
| CN108105784A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-06-01 | 天津城建大学 | Burning power plant low temperature exhaust heat recovery system and method |
| CN108105784B (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2023-08-18 | 天津城建大学 | Low-temperature waste heat recovery system and method for waste incineration power plant |
| CN108506953A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-07 | 山西沁新能源集团股份有限公司 | It is a kind of to ensure flue gas ultra-clean exhaust system using boiler idle air |
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| CN108590788B (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2024-01-30 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Comprehensive utilization system for energy of steam turbine of thermal power plant |
| CN109681281A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-04-26 | 清华大学 | A kind of biomass thermal cogeneration system that can recycle steam exhaust and fume afterheat simultaneously |
| CN109681281B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2024-01-26 | 清华大学 | Biomass cogeneration system capable of simultaneously recovering exhaust steam and flue gas waste heat |
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