CN103573311A - Steam exhaust energy utilizing system of driving steam turbine of thermal power plant and thermal power unit - Google Patents
Steam exhaust energy utilizing system of driving steam turbine of thermal power plant and thermal power unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN103573311A CN103573311A CN201210249940.5A CN201210249940A CN103573311A CN 103573311 A CN103573311 A CN 103573311A CN 201210249940 A CN201210249940 A CN 201210249940A CN 103573311 A CN103573311 A CN 103573311A
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Abstract
The invention provides a steam exhaust energy utilizing system of a driving steam turbine of a thermal power plant and a thermal power unit. The steam exhaust energy utilizing system of the driving steam turbine comprises the driving steam turbine, an air preheater and a fan and also comprises a steam-water heat exchanger and an air-water heat exchanger which are formed into a steam-water-air heat exchange system; primary air and or secondary air of the air preheater inlet are or is heated by the steam exhaust of the driving steam turbine through the steam-water-air heat exchange system. According to the steam exhaust energy utilizing system of the driving steam turbine of the thermal power plant and the thermal power unit, the steam exhaust energy of the driving steam turbine is effectively utilized and accordingly the efficiency of the thermal power plant is improved, meanwhile the coal consumption is reduced, and emissions of pollutants are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermal power generation field, be specifically related to the exhaust steam energy of driving steam turbine in thermal power generation and utilize system.
Background technique
Along with the development of national economy, society constantly improves the demand of electric power.For carrying out the new developing country of industrialization and rapid economic development, as China, the consumption of electric power and the electric motor power of power station increase rapidly.For China, owing to being subject to the maintenance variety of its primary energy and storing quantitative limitation, the fuel of power station be take coal as main in recent decades, be about more than 70%, and this trend does not in a foreseeable future have basic change.Although coal fired thermal power plant has the advantages such as cost is lower, fuel source is extensive for China, there is the shortcomings such as efficiency is lower, pollutant emission is more in coal fired thermal power plant.Owing to being discharged into pollutant in atmosphere and substantially deriving from the burning of coal, thus relevant between the discharge amount of pollutant and the coal consumption amount of thermal power plant.When reducing thermal power plant coal consumption, also reduced thermal power plant to the discharge amount of pollutant in atmosphere.
Some rotating machinerys of thermal power plant, by as feed water pump, blower fan etc., are often driven by driving steam turbine (also claiming small turbine).In current power plant, the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine (steam discharge) enters vapour condenser by circulating water, is referred to as clammy.Also have the driving steam turbine exhaust steam of indivedual power plant cooling by air cooling condenser, employing cooling blower in atmosphere, is called air cooling by exhaust steam thermal release.
The existing driving steam turbine exhaust steam type of cooling, clammy or air is cooling does not reclaim the energy in exhaust steam.And in exhaust steam, contain a large amount of energy, and be mainly vaporization potential, if because utilizing driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy to bring very large benefit to energy saving for power plants, improve the efficiency of thermal power plant, can reduce coal consumption, reduce the discharge amount of pollutant simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of system and fired power generating unit of utilizing the exhaust steam energy of driving steam turbine.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of thermal power plant driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy and utilize system, comprise driving steam turbine, air preheater and blower fan, it is characterized in that:
Described driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy utilizes system also to comprise steaming steam water heat exchanger and Air-Water heat exchanger, described steaming steam water heat exchanger and Air-Water heat exchanger form steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, and wind and/or the Secondary Air of described air preheater import are heated in described driving steam turbine exhaust steam by described steam-water-wind heat-exchange system.
In one preferred embodiment, the exhaust steam entrance of described steaming steam water heat exchanger is connected with the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine outlet, described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with described steaming steam water heat exchanger by recycle pump, the intake grill of described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with described blower fan, and the exhaust outlet of described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with the intake grill of described air preheater.
In another preferred embodiment, the heat medium water of described steaming steam water heat exchanger is the water of condensation of the import or export of a low-pressure heater, and described water of condensation is after described steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, get back to the import or export of another low-pressure heater, and the intake grill of described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with described blower fan, the exhaust outlet of described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with the intake grill of described air preheater.
In above-described embodiment, preferably, described steam-water-wind heat-exchange system is connected with low-pressure heater; Or described steam-water-wind heat-exchange system is in parallel with low-pressure heater.
In another preferred embodiment, the heat medium water of described steam-water-wind heat-exchange system is circulation independently, recycle pump is set for maintaining the circulation of heat medium water.
In another preferred embodiment, the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine enters vapour condenser to reclaim working medium after condensing.
In another preferred embodiment, the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine enters the heater of heat regenerative system to reclaim working medium and heat after condensing.
Preferably, described driving steam turbine can drive feed water pump, induced draught fan, circulating water pump, primary air fan, gas fan and condensate pump or drive generator generating.
Preferably, the water intake of described steaming steam water heat exchanger is connected with the import or export of a low-pressure heater, and the water outlet of described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with the import or export of another low-pressure heater.
Preferably, described blower fan comprises boiler fan and/or primary air fan.
The present invention also provides a kind of fired power generating unit, and described fired power generating unit comprises generator, electric turbine, boiler, deduster, high-pressure heater, low-pressure heater, flue gas-utilize system to water-to-water heat exchanger and above-mentioned driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy;
Wherein, the outlet of described boiler and described flue gas-is connected to water-to-water heat exchanger fume side, described flue gas-be connected with described high-pressure heater to water-to-water heat exchanger water side; And
A part of high-temperature flue gas of the outlet of described boiler is by described flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger, heated feed water.
In another preferred embodiment, described fired power generating unit also comprises:
Flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger;
Wherein, described flue gas-be connected to the outlet of water-to-water heat exchanger fume side with described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger fume side;
The outlet of described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger fume side is connected with the outlet of described air preheater; And
The water side of described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger is connected with low-pressure heater, heat-setting water.
In another preferred embodiment, from flue gas flow, described flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger in parallel with described air preheater.
In another preferred embodiment, feedwater flow process, described flue gas-connect to water-to-water heat exchanger with described high-pressure heater.
In another preferred embodiment, feedwater flow process, described flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger in parallel with described high-pressure heater, after a part of feedwater is separated with feedwater main road by described flue gas-be heated to water-to-water heat exchanger, converge with feedwater main road again, between the separation point of described part feedwater and described feedwater main road and the upstream that point is respectively all high-pressure heaters, downstream or any two-stage high-pressure heater.
In another preferred embodiment, feedwater flow process, described flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger with high-pressure heater parallel connection simultaneously and connect.
In another preferred embodiment, described flue gas-be arranged in the upstream of all high-pressure heaters or be arranged in the downstream of all high-pressure heaters or be arranged in described in any two-stage between high-pressure heater to water-to-water heat exchanger.
Preferably, from flue gas flow, described flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger in parallel with described air preheater.
In another preferred embodiment, water of condensation flow process, described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger is connected with described low-pressure heater.
In another preferred embodiment, water of condensation flow process, described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger is in parallel with described low-pressure heater, after part water of condensation is separated with water of condensation main road, by described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger, be heated, converge with water of condensation main road again, the separation point of described a part of water of condensation and described water of condensation main road and point be respectively the upstream, downstream of all low-pressure heaters or arbitrarily two-stage low-pressure heater between.
In another preferred embodiment, described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger and described low-pressure heater are simultaneously in parallel and connect.
In another preferred embodiment, described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger is arranged in the upstream of all low-pressure heaters or is arranged in the downstream of all low-pressure heaters or is arranged between any two described low-pressure heaters.
In another preferred embodiment, described fired power generating unit is also included in the storage heater of arranging on the hot Secondary Air of described air preheater outlet, wherein, described storage heater adopts drawing gas as adding hot vapour source of steam turbine, to heat the hot Secondary Air of air preheater outlet.
In another preferred embodiment, at the entrance that enters the flue of described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger, controllable register door is also set, described controllable register door is used for regulating exhaust gas volumn.
In another preferred embodiment, entering described flue gas-controllable register door is also set to the entrance of the flue of water-to-water heat exchanger and/or described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger, described controllable register door is used for regulating exhaust gas volumn.
In another preferred embodiment, described fired power generating unit is also provided with feed water booster pump, and described feed water booster pump is for overcoming described flue gas-the give resistance of water-to-water heat exchanger.
In another preferred embodiment, described fired power generating unit is also provided with condensate booster pump, and described condensate booster pump is for overcoming the resistance of described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger.
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Preferably, 1 the above flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger is set in fired power generating unit of the present invention.
Preferably, 1 the above flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger is set in fired power generating unit of the present invention.
Fired power generating unit of the present invention is single reheat fired power generating unit, or double reheat fired power generating unit.
Boiler of the present invention is coal fired boiler, or oil-fired boiler or gas fired boiler.
Feedwater of the present invention derives from this fired power generating unit, or derives from adjacent fired power generating unit.
Water of condensation of the present invention derives from this fired power generating unit, or derives from adjacent fired power generating unit.
Driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy of the present invention utilizes system and generator set to utilize driving steam turbine exhaust steam to heat sending into wind and the Secondary Air of air preheater (or boiler), and be gas energy cascade utilization by this energy replacement, be that inferior exhaust steam energy becomes high-quality energy after replacing, with heated feed water and water of condensation.The part high-temperature flue gas of boiler economizer outlet is without air preheater, and successively by flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger and flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger, heated feed water and water of condensation, reduced the required electric turbine amount of drawing gas of high-pressure heater, improved feed temperature, meanwhile, also reduced the electric turbine amount of drawing gas that low-pressure heater draws gas required.Therefore, reduce electric turbine hear rate, reduced the coal consumption amount of fired power generating unit, the discharge amount of minimizing fired power generating unit pollutant.
To sum up, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) take full advantage of the latent heat of vaporization in the energy of driving steam turbine exhaust steam, especially exhaust steam.
(2), by exhaust steam energy is replaced into gas energy, by having realized the cascade utilization of energy, improved the utilization ratio of energy.
(3) improved and entered air preheater cold wind temperature, avoided the cold junction heated surface corrosion of air preheater.Compare with current conventional employing steam warming machine or the scheme of hot blast recirculation, the present invention is less to the negative effect of unit whole efficiency.
(4) adopt flue gas and water of condensation, flue gas and to the mode of water direct heat-exchange, system is simple, cost is low.
(5) adopt the mode of steam-water-cold wind indirect heat exchange, improve the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchanger, reduce heat exchange area, reduce costs.
(6) heat medium water of steam-water-cold wind heat exchanger can be the water of condensation of electric turbine heat regenerative system.When exhaust steam energy is more than boiler (by heating cold wind) during receptible energy, exhaust steam energy is except being absorbed and enter boiler by cold wind, and remaining energy can return to the heat regenerative system of electric turbine by water of condensation, can make full use of exhaust steam energy.
(7) extracted steam from turbine heating air preheater exports hot Secondary Air, improves boiler inlet temperature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system layout schematic diagram that driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy of the present invention utilizes an embodiment of steam-water in system-wind heat-exchange system;
Fig. 2 is the system layout schematic diagram that driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy of the present invention utilizes another embodiment of steam-water in system-wind heat-exchange system;
Fig. 3 adopts the driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy of Fig. 1 to utilize an embodiment's the system layout schematic diagram of the fired power generating unit of system;
Fig. 4 adopts the driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy of Fig. 2 to utilize an embodiment's the system layout schematic diagram of the fired power generating unit of system;
Fig. 5 is an embodiment's the skeleton diagram of the position of flue gas of the present invention-give water-to-water heat exchanger;
Fig. 6 is another embodiment's the skeleton diagram of the position of flue gas of the present invention-give water-to-water heat exchanger;
Fig. 7 is another embodiment's the skeleton diagram of the position of flue gas of the present invention-give water-to-water heat exchanger;
Fig. 8 is another embodiment's the skeleton diagram of the position of flue gas of the present invention-give water-to-water heat exchanger;
Fig. 9 is another embodiment's the skeleton diagram of the position of flue gas of the present invention-give water-to-water heat exchanger;
Figure 10 is another embodiment's the skeleton diagram of the position of flue gas of the present invention-give water-to-water heat exchanger;
Figure 11 is an embodiment's the skeleton diagram of the position of flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger of the present invention;
Figure 12 is another embodiment's the skeleton diagram of the position of flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger of the present invention;
Figure 13 is another embodiment's the skeleton diagram of the position of flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger of the present invention; And
Figure 14 is the skeleton diagram that an embodiment of storage heater is set on the basis of Fig. 3.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present invention is elaborated, so that clearer understanding objects, features and advantages of the present invention.It should be understood that embodiment shown in the drawings is not limitation of the scope of the invention, and just for the connotation of technical solution of the present invention is described.In figure, same or analogous part uses the same reference numerals to represent.
Below, major technique term of the present invention is described.
Herein, described boiler main will comprise boiler plant.Described boiler plant is not specifically limited, and only otherwise goal of the invention of the present invention is produced to restriction, is well known by persons skilled in the art.Can adopt π type boiler (or claiming to send type boiler), tower boiler, inverted U boiler etc.; can be coal fired boiler, oil-fired boiler, gas fired boiler etc.; can be natural circulation boiler, forced circulation boiler, direct current cooker etc., all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described air preheater is not specifically limited, and only otherwise goal of the invention of the present invention is produced to restriction, is well known by persons skilled in the art.Can adopt tubular preheater, rotary preheater etc., all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described deduster refers to the equipment that catches dust in flue gas.Only otherwise goal of the invention of the present invention is produced to restriction, be well known by persons skilled in the art.Can adopt electrical precipitator, cloth bag flue gas ash removal unit, electricity bag flue gas ash removal unit, moisture film flue gas ash removal unit etc., all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described gas-water heat exchanger is a heat exchanger, or is parallel connection, series connection, series-parallel several heat exchangers.
Herein, described Air-Water heat exchanger is a heat exchanger, or is parallel connection, series connection, series-parallel several heat exchangers.
Herein, described flue gas-to water-to-water heat exchanger, be a heat exchanger, or be parallel connection, series connection, series-parallel several heat exchangers.
Herein, described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger is a heat exchanger, or is parallel connection, series connection, series-parallel several heat exchangers.Herein, described blower fan is not specifically limited, and only otherwise goal of the invention of the present invention is produced to restriction, is well known by persons skilled in the art.Can adopt centrifugal fan, axial fan etc., all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described flue gas-comprise tubular heat exchanger, plate type heat exchanger, surface-type heat exchanger, indirect-heating heat exchanger etc. to water-to-water heat exchanger, all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger comprises tubular heat exchanger, plate type heat exchanger, surface-type heat exchanger, indirect-heating heat exchanger etc., all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described gas-water heat exchanger comprises tubular heat exchanger, plate type heat exchanger, surface-type heat exchanger, indirect-heating heat exchanger etc., all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described Air-Water heat exchanger comprises tubular heat exchanger, plate type heat exchanger, surface-type heat exchanger, indirect-heating heat exchanger etc., all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described high-pressure heater refers to the heater with the heated feed water that draws gas of steam turbine, and because the temperature of feedwater is high, it is also higher that it adds the energy quality that hot vapour source-turbine high-pressure draws gas.Adopt steam turbine thermodynamic cycle energy in addition to reduce this amount of drawing gas, can make the more of turbine efficiency raising.
Herein, low-pressure heater refers to the heater with the heat-setting water that draws gas of steam turbine, and because the temperature of water of condensation is low, it is also lower that it adds the energy quality that hot vapour source-steam turbine low-pressure draws gas.Adopt steam turbine thermodynamic cycle energy in addition to reduce this amount of drawing gas, can make the less of turbine efficiency raising.
Herein, driving steam turbine refers to for driving some rotating machinerys of thermal power plant, as the steam turbine of feed water pump, induced draught fan etc., also can drive generator generating.The effect of this steam turbine is that the steam turbine difference of the power ，Ta Yu thermal power plant Turbo-generator Set of rotation is provided to water pump, induced draught fan etc., conventionally also referred to as small turbine.
Herein, driving steam turbine exhaust steam refers to that steam enters the steam discharge after driving steam turbine acting, in literary composition referred to as exhaust steam.
Below describe embodiments of the present invention in detail.Fig. 1 is the system layout schematic diagram that driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy of the present invention utilizes an embodiment of system.As shown in Figure 1, driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy utilizes in system, by for driving such as the exhaust steam out of the driving steam turbine 101 of the driven equipments such as pump 105 first by steaming steam water heat exchanger 102, the steaming exhaust steam entrance of steam water heat exchanger 102 and the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 101 outlet are connected, and the exhaust steam outlet of steaming steam water heat exchanger 102 is connected with electric turbine condenser 103.The water intake that steams steam water heat exchanger is connected with Air-Water heat exchanger 106 by recycle pump 107, and the water outlet that steams steam water heat exchanger 102 is also connected with Air-Water heat exchanger 106.Thus, heat medium water is steaming circulation between steam water heat exchanger 102 and Air-Water heat exchanger 106 by recycle pump 107.Steam steam water heat exchanger 102 and form steam-water-wind heat-exchange system together with Air-Water heat exchanger 106.
The intake grill of Air-Water heat exchanger 106 is connected with gas fan and/or primary air fan 104, and the exhaust outlet of Air-Water heat exchanger 106 leads to air preheater 2.
By this steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 101 enters steams after steam water heat exchanger 102, cooling by the heat medium water that the temperature from Air-Water heat exchanger is relatively low, exhaust steam enters the vapour condenser 103 of electric turbine to reclaim working medium (as shown in Figure 1) after supercooling condenses into water, and the heater that also can get back to heat regenerative system according to condensing water temperature is to reclaim working medium and heat.
Meanwhile, after being heated by the exhaust steam from driving steam turbine 101 in steaming steam water heat exchanger 102 from the relatively low heat medium water of the temperature of Air-Water heat exchanger 106, the higher heat medium water of temperature after heating is got back to again Air-Water heat exchanger 106.Now, cold wind from gas fan and/or primary air fan 104 enters after Air-Water heat exchanger 106, the heat medium water higher by above-mentioned temperature heats, simultaneously that the higher heat medium water of this temperature is cooling, by the cooled heat medium water of cold wind, by recycle pump 107, be circulated back to steaming steam water heat exchanger, so circulation, forms steam-water-wind heat-exchange system.
From the wind of gas fan and/or primary air fan 104 by the heating of steam-water-wind heat-exchange system after, enter air preheater 2, as wind and the Secondary Air of air preheater 2 imports.Thus, than existing fired power generating unit, wind of air preheater 2 imports and the temperature of Secondary Air improve.In other words, wind and the Secondary Air of air preheater 2 imports from the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 101, have been heated.Thereby and burner air intake (instant heating Secondary Air) temperature and coal pulverizer air intake (being heat primary air) temperature have been improved.Thus, the energy of exhaust steam (the especially latent heat of vaporization) is converted to the heat primary air of air preheater 2 outlets and the energy of hot Secondary Air.
And in existing thermal power plant, the normal flue gas adopting from boiler export of wind of air preheater 2 imports and Secondary Air, therefore, needs to consume a part of gas energy.Yet, because the flue-gas temperature of boiler export is up to 350～400 ℃ of left and right, therefore it also can be used to heat feedwater and the water of condensation of higher temperature, therefore wishes to reduce the exhaust gas volumn of the wind and the Secondary Air that are used for heating air preheater import in the flue gas of boiler export as far as possible.And in the present invention, by above-mentioned steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, utilize wind and the Secondary Air of exhaust steam heating air preheater 2 imports of driving steam turbine 101, greatly reduced thus the exhaust gas volumn of the wind and the Secondary Air that are used for heating air preheater import.
It is pointed out that in above-mentioned steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, can be circulation independently as the heat medium water of heat catalysis, is overcome the resistance of water, as shown in Figure 1 by recycle pump.Also water of condensation that can be in electric turbine thermodynamic system is as heat medium water, as shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 2 illustrates usings the exhaust steam energy of water of condensation during as heat medium water and utilizes an embodiment's of system system layout schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 2, cancelled recycle pump in the present embodiment, water of condensation can be drawn from certain one-level low-pressure heater 15 import or export, and the water intake that steams steam water heat exchanger is connected with the import or export of certain one-level low-pressure heater 15.Through steaming after steam water heat exchanger 102 and Air-Water heat exchanger 106, get back to certain one-level low-pressure heater import or export, the outlet that is Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with the import or export of certain one-level low-pressure heater 15, and the exhaust steam energy of driving steam turbine 101 has passed to the cold wind from gas fan and primary air fan 104 simultaneously.
Using water of condensation during as heat medium water, can be whole condensing water flows as the condensing water flow of heat medium water, and now, steaming steam water heat exchanger 102 and Air-Water heat exchanger 106 is to connect with the pass of low-pressure heater 15.Or, as the condensing water flow of heat medium water, can be a part for total condensing water flow, now, steaming steam water heat exchanger 102 and Air-Water heat exchanger 106 is in parallel with the pass of low-pressure heater 15.
In above-described embodiment, because the cold wind of air preheater 2 imports can heat by driving steam turbine exhaust steam, greatly reduced the amount of the boiler export high-temperature flue gas that is used for heating in air preheater 2 wind and Secondary Air in prior art.Therefore the high-temperature flue gas, displacing can be used to heat feedwater and the water of condensation in fired power generating unit.
Fig. 3-14 illustrate displaced boiler export flue gas for heating the feedwater of fired power generating unit and the embodiment's of water of condensation structural layout plan.Referring to Fig. 3, shown in Fig. 3 is in steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, as the heat medium water of heat catalysis, be independently during circulation, the boiler export flue gas displacing is for heating the feedwater of fired power generating unit and an embodiment's of water of condensation structural layout plan.
As shown in Figure 3, fired power generating unit comprises: boiler 1, air preheater 2, deduster 3, gas fan/primary air fan 104, flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger 11, flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger 12, high-pressure heater 13, oxygen-eliminating device 14, low-pressure heater 15, generator 16, electric turbine (high-pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder, low pressure (LP) cylinder) 17 and driving steam turbine 101.
Driving steam turbine 101 exhaust steam is out first by steaming steam water heat exchanger 102, and the steaming exhaust steam entrance of steam water heat exchanger 102 and the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 101 outlet are connected, and the exhaust steam outlet of steaming steam water heat exchanger 102 is connected with electric turbine condenser 103.The water intake that steams steam water heat exchanger is connected with Air-Water heat exchanger 106 by recycle pump 107, and the water outlet that steams steam water heat exchanger 102 is also connected with Air-Water heat exchanger 106.Thus, heat medium water is steaming circulation between steam water heat exchanger 102 and Air-Water heat exchanger 106 by recycle pump 107.Steam steam water heat exchanger 102, recycle pump 107 and Air-Water heat exchanger 106 and form together steam-water-wind heat-exchange system.The intake grill of Air-Water heat exchanger 106 is connected with gas fan and/or primary air fan 104, and the exhaust outlet of Air-Water heat exchanger 106 leads to air preheater 2, and the wind after being heated is as wind and the Secondary Air of air preheater 2 imports.
The outlet of boiler 1 simultaneously with air preheater 2 and flue gas-be connected to water-to-water heat exchanger 11.Flue gas-be connected to water-to-water heat exchanger 11 with flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger 12 with high-pressure heater 13.Flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger 12 is connected with low-pressure heater 15 with the outlet of air preheater 2.
The outlet of flue gas-be connected to boiler 1 to water-to-water heat exchanger 11, the part in the flue gas that boiler 1 burning produces is by flue gas-to water-to-water heat exchanger 11 heated feed waters.In the present embodiment, from flue gas flow, flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger 11 in parallel with air preheater 2.Feedwater flow process, flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger 11 in parallel with high-pressure heater 13, i.e. by flue gas-be heated to water-to-water heat exchanger 11, then converge with the main road that feeds water after part feedwater is separated with feedwater main road.Separation point and point can be respectively the upstream, downstream of all high-pressure heaters or arbitrarily two-stage high-pressure heater between.Flue gas-to water-to-water heat exchanger, be one-level, but can be also multistage.
Flue gas is through flue gas-give after water-to-water heat exchanger 11, and from flue gas-give the flue gas of water-to-water heat exchanger 11 outlets by flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger 12 heat-setting water, flue gas-water of condensation 12 is connected with low-pressure heater 15.In the present embodiment, water of condensation flow process, flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger 12 is in parallel with low-pressure heater 15, and a part of water of condensation is heated by flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger after separated with water of condensation main road, then converges with water of condensation main road.Separation point and point can be respectively the upstream, downstream of all low-pressure heaters or arbitrarily two-stage low-pressure heater between.Flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger is one-level, but can be also multistage.
Flue gas, after flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger 12, mixes with the flue gas of air preheater 2 outlets from the flue gas of flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger 12 outlets.After two strands of above-mentioned flue gases mix, through deduster 3, then enter desulfuration absorbing tower.
The exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 101 is by after steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, and by cooling from the cold wind of gas fan and/or primary air fan 104, exhaust steam enters the vapour condenser 103 of electric turbine 16 to reclaim working medium after supercooling condenses into water.Meanwhile, from gas fan/or the cold wind of primary air fan 104 enter air preheater 2 after being heated.
In above-described embodiment, inferior gas energy becomes high-quality energy after replacing, and has heated electric turbine feedwater and water of condensation simultaneously.; the part high-temperature flue gas of boiler export is successively by flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger and flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger; the feedwater of heating electric turbine and water of condensation; the high-pressure heater that has reduced the high-energy quality of original heated feed water draws gas and/or has improved feed temperature; simultaneously; the low-pressure heater that has reduced the low-yield quality of original heat-setting water draws gas, and has reduced electric turbine hear rate.
In addition, utilize the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine, by driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy, utilize system to improve and enter air preheater cold wind temperature, avoid the cold junction heated surface corrosion of air preheater.Compare with current conventional employing steam warming machine or the scheme of hot blast recirculation, the present invention is less to the negative effect of unit whole efficiency.
Fig. 4 illustrates in steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, and the water of condensation in electric turbine thermodynamic system is during as heat medium water, and the boiler export flue gas displacing is for heating the feedwater of fired power generating unit and an embodiment's of water of condensation structural layout plan.Be with above-mentioned embodiment's difference shown in Figure 3, heat medium water in steam-water-wind heat-exchange system is the water of condensation of drawing from certain one-level low-pressure heater 15 import or export, and this heat medium water (or water of condensation), through steaming after steam water heat exchanger 102 and Air-Water heat exchanger 106, is got back to certain one-level low-pressure heater import or export.All the other are identical, therefore be not described in detail in this.
It is pointed out that flue gas of the present invention-can have various modification and not depart from spirit of the present invention to position and the arrangement of water-to-water heat exchanger.Below with in steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, as the heat medium water of heat catalysis, be in the situation of independently circulation, flue gas-to the position of water-to-water heat exchanger and the various embodiments of arrangement is described.In steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, in the situation of water of condensation in fired power generating unit as heat medium water, the position of flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger and arrangement and heat medium water as heat catalysis are that the situation of independently circulation is identical, are not described in detail in this.
Referring to Fig. 5-10, feedwater flow process, flue gas-can connect with high-pressure heater to water-to-water heat exchanger, it is flue gas-be arranged in to the water-to-water heat exchanger downstream (referring to Fig. 5) of all high-pressure heaters, or flue gas-be arranged in to the water-to-water heat exchanger upstream (referring to Fig. 6) of all high-pressure heaters, or flue gas-to water-to-water heat exchanger be arranged in any two-stage high-pressure heater between (referring to Fig. 7), or several flue gases-be simultaneously arranged in above-mentioned position to water-to-water heat exchanger are set.
In addition, feedwater flow process, flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger also can be in parallel with high-pressure heater, i.e. after part feedwater is separated with feedwater main road, by flue gas-be heated to water-to-water heat exchanger, then converge (referring to Fig. 8) with the main road that feeds water.Separation point and point can be respectively the upstream, downstream of all high-pressure heaters or arbitrarily two-stage high-pressure heater between.Flue gas-to water-to-water heat exchanger, can be one-level, can be also some levels.In addition, from feeding water flow process, flue gas-also can and connect (referring to Fig. 9, Figure 10) with high-pressure heater parallel connection simultaneously to water-to-water heat exchanger, flue gas-to water-to-water heat exchanger, can be one-level, can be also some levels.Flue gas-while connecting with high-pressure heater to water-to-water heat exchanger, the resistance of heat exchanger 11 can be overcome by electric turbine feed water pump, also can feed water booster pump be separately set and overcome.
The position of flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger of the present invention and arrangement also can have various modification and not depart from spirit of the present invention.Referring to Figure 11-13, water of condensation flow process, flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger can be connected with low-pressure heater, it is the downstream that flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger can be arranged in all low-pressure heaters, or be arranged in the upstream of all low-pressure heaters, or be arranged in any two-stage low-pressure heater between (referring to Figure 11), or several flue gas-water of condensation heat exchangers be set be arranged in above-mentioned position simultaneously.
In addition, water of condensation flow process, flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger also can be in parallel with low-pressure heater, and a part of water of condensation is heated by flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger after separated with water of condensation main road, then converges (referring to Figure 12) with water of condensation main road.Separation point and point can be respectively the upstream, downstream of all low-pressure heaters or arbitrarily two-stage low-pressure heater between.Flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger can be one-level, can be also some levels.In addition, water of condensation flow process, flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger also can and be connected with low-pressure heater parallel connection simultaneously, and flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger can be one-level (referring to Figure 13), can be also some levels.When flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger is connected with low-pressure heater, the resistance of heat exchanger can be overcome by electric turbine condensate pump, also can condensate booster pump be separately set and overcome.
In addition, on the basis of the above, can also on the hot Secondary Air of air preheater outlet, storage heater 18 be set, referring to Figure 14.Adopt electric turbine one-level to draw gas as adding hot vapour source, conventionally adopt larger the drawing gas of the degree of superheat, to heat the hot Secondary Air of air preheater outlet, its effect is further to improve boiler inlet temperature.
In addition, also can in the flue that enters flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger and flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger, controllable register door be set and regulate exhaust gas volumn.
In addition, above-mentioned flue gas-can mutually combine to the various arrangements of water-to-water heat exchanger, flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger, Air-Water heat exchanger (embodiment illustrated in fig. 3 is one of combination) and do not depart from spirit of the present invention.
Driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy of the present invention utilizes system and generator set to utilize driving steam turbine exhaust steam to heat sending into wind and the Secondary Air of air preheater (or boiler), and be gas energy cascade utilization by this energy replacement, be that inferior exhaust steam energy becomes high-quality energy after replacing, with heated feed water and water of condensation.The part high-temperature flue gas of boiler economizer outlet is without air preheater, and successively by flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger and flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger, heated feed water and water of condensation, reduced the required electric turbine amount of drawing gas of high-pressure heater, improved feed temperature, meanwhile, also reduced the electric turbine amount of drawing gas that low-pressure heater draws gas required.Therefore, reduce electric turbine hear rate, reduced the coal consumption amount of fired power generating unit, the discharge amount of minimizing fired power generating unit pollutant.
To sum up, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) take full advantage of the latent heat of vaporization in the energy of driving steam turbine exhaust steam, especially exhaust steam.
(2), by exhaust steam energy is replaced into gas energy, by having realized the cascade utilization of energy, improved the utilization ratio of energy.
(3) improved and entered air preheater cold wind temperature, avoided the cold junction heated surface corrosion of air preheater.Compare with current conventional employing steam warming machine or the scheme of hot blast recirculation, the present invention is less to the negative effect of unit whole efficiency.
(4) adopt flue gas and water of condensation, flue gas and to the mode of water direct heat-exchange, system is simple, cost is low.
(5) adopt the mode of steam-water-cold wind indirect heat exchange, improve the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchanger, reduce heat exchange area, reduce costs.
(6) heat medium water of steam-water-cold wind heat exchanger can be the water of condensation of electric turbine heat regenerative system.When exhaust steam energy is more than boiler (by heating cold wind) during receptible energy, exhaust steam energy is except being absorbed and enter boiler by cold wind, and remaining energy can return to the heat regenerative system of electric turbine by water of condensation, can make full use of exhaust steam energy.
(7) extracted steam from turbine heating air preheater exports hot Secondary Air, improves boiler inlet temperature.
Below described preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail, but it will be appreciated that, after having read above-mentioned instruction content of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention.These equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Claims (10)
1.Yi Zhong thermal power plant driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy utilizes system, comprises driving steam turbine, air preheater and blower fan, it is characterized in that:
Described driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy utilizes system also to comprise steaming steam water heat exchanger and Air-Water heat exchanger, described steaming steam water heat exchanger and Air-Water heat exchanger form steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, and wind and/or the Secondary Air of described air preheater import are heated in described driving steam turbine exhaust steam by described steam-water-wind heat-exchange system.
2. driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy as claimed in claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, the exhaust steam entrance of described steaming steam water heat exchanger is connected with the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine outlet, described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with described steaming steam water heat exchanger by recycle pump, and the intake grill of described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with described blower fan, the exhaust outlet of described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with the intake grill of described air preheater
3. driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy as claimed in claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, the heat medium water of described steaming steam water heat exchanger is the water of condensation of the import or export of a low-pressure heater, described water of condensation is after described steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, get back to the import or export of another low-pressure heater, and the intake grill of described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with described blower fan, the exhaust outlet of described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with the intake grill of described air preheater.
4. driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy as claimed in claim 3 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, the water intake of described steaming steam water heat exchanger is connected with the import or export of a low-pressure heater, and the water outlet of described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with the import or export of another low-pressure heater.
5. a fired power generating unit, comprise generator, electric turbine, boiler and deduster, it is characterized in that, also comprise: high-pressure heater, low-pressure heater, flue gas-utilize system to water-to-water heat exchanger and the driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy as described in any one in claim 1-4;
Wherein, the outlet of described boiler and described flue gas-is connected to water-to-water heat exchanger fume side, described flue gas-be connected with described high-pressure heater to water-to-water heat exchanger water side; And
A part of high-temperature flue gas of the outlet of described boiler is by described flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger, heated feed water.
6. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger;
Wherein, described flue gas-be connected to the outlet of water-to-water heat exchanger fume side with described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger fume side;
The outlet of described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger fume side is connected with the outlet of described air preheater; And
The water side of described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger is connected with low-pressure heater, heat-setting water.
7. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that described flue gas-be arranged in the upstream of all high-pressure heaters or be arranged in the downstream of all high-pressure heaters or be arranged in described in any two-stage between high-pressure heater or be arranged in parallel with high-pressure heater to water-to-water heat exchanger.
8. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described flue gas-water of condensation heat exchanger is arranged in the upstream of all low-pressure heaters or is arranged in the downstream of all low-pressure heaters or is arranged between any two described low-pressure heaters or is arranged in parallel with low-pressure heater.
9. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, be also included in the storage heater of arranging on the hot Secondary Air of described air preheater outlet, wherein, described storage heater adopts drawing gas as adding hot vapour source of steam turbine, to heat the hot Secondary Air of air preheater outlet.
10. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, is entering described flue gas-controllable register door is also set to the entrance of the flue of water-to-water heat exchanger, and described controllable register door is used for regulating exhaust gas volumn.
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