CN103573311B - Thermal power plant's driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy utilizes system and fired power generating unit - Google Patents

Thermal power plant's driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy utilizes system and fired power generating unit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103573311B
CN103573311B CN201210249940.5A CN201210249940A CN103573311B CN 103573311 B CN103573311 B CN 103573311B CN 201210249940 A CN201210249940 A CN 201210249940A CN 103573311 B CN103573311 B CN 103573311B
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water
heat exchanger
flue gas
steam
water heat
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CN103573311A (en
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叶勇健
申松林
陈仁杰
施刚夜
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China Power Engineering Consulting Group East China Electric Power Design Institute Co Ltd
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China Power Engineering Consulting Group East China Electric Power Design Institute Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of thermal power plant driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy and utilize system and generating set. This driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy utilizes system to comprise driving steam turbine, air preheater and blower fan, wherein, driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy utilizes system also to comprise steaming steam water heat exchanger and Air-Water heat exchanger, steam steam water heat exchanger and Air-Water heat exchanger and form steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, driving steam turbine exhaust steam is by wind and/or the Secondary Air of the import of steam-water-wind heat-exchange system heating air preheater. Utilize driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy of the present invention system and fired power generating unit have effectively utilized the exhaust steam energy of driving steam turbine, have improved the efficiency of thermal power plant, reduce coal consumption simultaneously, reduce the discharge capacity of pollutant.

Description

Thermal power plant's driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy utilizes system and fired power generating unit
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermal power generation field, be specifically related to the exhaust steam energy of driving steam turbine in thermal power generationAmount is utilized system.
Background technology
Along with the development of national economy, society constantly improves the demand of electric power. ForCarry out the new developing country of industrialization and rapid economic development, as China, the consumption of electric power andThe installed capacity in power plant increases rapidly. For China, owing to being subject to the storage of its primary energyDeposit kind and store quantitative limitation, the fuel in power plant, taking coal as main, is about 70% in recent decadesAbove, and this trend in a foreseeable future do not have basic change. Although coal fired thermal power plantHave the advantages such as cost is lower, fuel source is extensive for China, but there is efficiency in coal fired thermal power plantThe shortcomings such as lower, pollutant emission is more. Because the pollutant being discharged in atmosphere derives from substantiallyThe burning of coal is therefore relevant between the discharge capacity of pollutant and the coal consumption amount of thermal power plant. Reduce thermoelectricityWhen factory coal consumption amount, also reduce the discharge capacity of thermal power plant to pollutant in atmosphere.
Some rotating machinerys of thermal power plant are by as feed pump, blower fan etc., often by driving steam turbine (alsoClaim small turbine) drive. In current power plant, the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine (steam discharge) enters condensingDevice, by circulating water, is referred to as clammy. Also there is the driving steam turbine exhaust steam of indivedual power plant cold by airBut condenser is cooling, and employing cooling blower in atmosphere, is called air cooling by exhaust steam thermal release.
The existing driving steam turbine exhaust steam type of cooling, clammy or air is cooling does not reclaim exhaust steamIn energy. And in exhaust steam, contain a large amount of energy, be mainly vaporization potential, if because utilizingDriving steam turbine exhaust steam energy brings very large benefit to energy saving for power plants, improves the efficiency of thermal power plant, canReduce coal consumption, reduce the discharge capacity of pollutant simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of system and thermal motor of the exhaust steam energy that utilizes driving steam turbineGroup.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of thermal power plant driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy and utilize system, comprise driving steam turbine, air preheater and blower fan, it is characterized in that:
Described driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy utilizes system also to comprise steaming steam water heat exchanger and Air-Water heat exchanger, described steaming steam water heat exchanger and Air-Water heat exchanger form steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, described driving vapourTurbine exhaust steam by described steam-water-wind heat-exchange system heat described air preheater import wind and/Or Secondary Air.
In one preferred embodiment, the exhaust steam entrance of described steaming steam water heat exchanger and described driving steam turbine wearyVapor outlet connects, and described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with described steaming steam water heat exchanger by circulating pump, described inThe air inlet of Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with described blower fan, the air outlet of described Air-Water heat exchanger with described inThe air inlet of air preheater connects.
In another preferred embodiment, the heat medium water of described steaming steam water heat exchanger is the import of a low-pressure heaterOr the condensate water of outlet, and described condensate water is after described steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, gets back to anotherThe import or export of low-pressure heater, and the air inlet of described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with described blower fan,The air outlet of described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with the air inlet of described air preheater.
In above-described embodiment, preferably, described steam-water-wind heat-exchange system is connected with low-pressure heater; OrPerson, described steam-water-wind heat-exchange system is in parallel with low-pressure heater.
In another preferred embodiment, the heat medium water of described steam-water-wind heat-exchange system is circulating water independentlySystem, arranges circulating pump for maintaining the circulation of heat medium water.
In another preferred embodiment, the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine enters condenser to reclaim working medium after condensing。
In another preferred embodiment, the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine enters the heater of heat regenerative system after condensingTo reclaim working medium and heat.
Preferably, described driving steam turbine can drive feed pump, air-introduced machine, water circulating pump, primary air fan, pressure fan and condensate pump or drive generator generating.
Preferably, the water inlet of described steaming steam water heat exchanger is connected with the import or export of a low-pressure heater, the delivery port of described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with the import or export of another low-pressure heater.
Preferably, described blower fan comprises boiler fan and/or primary air fan.
The present invention also provides a kind of fired power generating unit, and described fired power generating unit comprises generator, electric turbine, potStove, deduster, high-pressure heater, low-pressure heater, flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger and above-mentioned drivingExhaust steam in steam turbine energy utility system;
Wherein, the outlet of described boiler and described flue gas-be connected to water-to-water heat exchanger fume side, described flue gas-giveWater-to-water heat exchanger water side is connected with described high-pressure heater; And
A part of high-temperature flue gas of the outlet of described boiler by described flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger, heated feed water。
In another preferred embodiment, described fired power generating unit also comprises:
Flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger;
Wherein, described flue gas-give outlet and described flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger flue gas of water-to-water heat exchanger fume sideSide connects;
The outlet of described flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger fume side is connected with the outlet of described air preheater; And
The water side of described flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger is connected with low-pressure heater, heat-setting water.
In another preferred embodiment, from flue gas flow, described flue gas-pre-to water-to-water heat exchanger and described airHot device parallel connection.
In another preferred embodiment, feedwater flow process, described flue gas-add to water-to-water heat exchanger and described high pressureHot device series connection.
In another preferred embodiment, feedwater flow process, described flue gas-add to water-to-water heat exchanger and described high pressureHot device parallel connection, after a part of feedwater separates with feedwater main road by described flue gas-heated to water-to-water heat exchanger,Converge with feedwater main road, described part feedwater with burble point and the point of described feedwater main road is respectively againBetween upstream, downstream or any two-stage high-pressure heater of all high-pressure heaters.
In another preferred embodiment, feedwater flow process, described flue gas-to water-to-water heat exchanger and high-pressure heaterIn parallel and series connection simultaneously.
In another preferred embodiment, described flue gas-be arranged in to the water-to-water heat exchanger upstream of all high-pressure heaters, or be arranged in the downstream of all high-pressure heaters or be arranged in described in any two-stage between high-pressure heater.
Preferably, from flue gas flow, described flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger in parallel with described air preheater.
In another preferred embodiment, condensate water flow process, described flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger and described lowThe series connection of pressure heater.
In another preferred embodiment, condensate water flow process, described flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger and described lowThe parallel connection of pressure heater, after a part of condensate water separates with condensate water main road by the heat exchange of described flue gas-condensate waterDevice is heated, then converges with condensate water main road, and described a part of condensate water separates with described condensate water main roadPoint and point be respectively the upstream, downstream of all low-pressure heaters or arbitrarily two-stage low-pressure heater between。
In another preferred embodiment, described flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger is simultaneously in parallel with described low-pressure heaterAnd series connection.
In another preferred embodiment, described flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger is arranged in the upper of all low-pressure heatersSwim or be arranged in the downstream of all low-pressure heaters or be arranged between any two described low-pressure heaters。
In another preferred embodiment, described fired power generating unit is also included in the hot secondary of described air preheater outletThe storage heater of arranging on wind, wherein, described storage heater adopts drawing gas as adding hot vapour source of steam turbine, to heat the hot Secondary Air of air preheater outlet.
In another preferred embodiment, also arrange at the entrance of the flue that enters described flue gas-condensate water heat exchangerControllable register door, described controllable register door is used for regulating exhaust gas volumn.
In another preferred embodiment, entering described flue gas-change to water-to-water heat exchanger and/or described flue gas-condensate waterThe entrance of the flue of hot device also arranges controllable register door, and described controllable register door is used for regulating exhaust gas volumn.
In another preferred embodiment, described fired power generating unit is also provided with feed water booster pump, described feed water booster pumpFor overcoming described flue gas-to the resistance of water-to-water heat exchanger.
In another preferred embodiment, described fired power generating unit is also provided with condensate booster pump, described condensate water literPress pump is for overcoming the resistance of described flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger.
Preferably, in fired power generating unit of the present invention, arrange 1 the above flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger.
Preferably, 1 the above flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger is set in fired power generating unit of the present invention.
Fired power generating unit of the present invention is single reheat fired power generating unit, or double reheat fired power generating unit.
Boiler of the present invention is coal-burning boiler, or oil burning boiler or gas fired-boiler.
Feedwater of the present invention derives from this fired power generating unit, or derives from adjacent fired power generating unit.
Condensate water of the present invention derives from this fired power generating unit, or derives from adjacent fired power generating unit.
Driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy of the present invention utilizes system and generating set to utilize driving steam turbine wearyVapour heats wind and the Secondary Air of sending into air preheater (or boiler), and by this energy replacementFor gas energy cascade utilization, inferior exhaust steam energy is by becoming the energy of high-quality after replacingAmount, with heated feed water and condensate water. The part high-temperature flue gas of boiler economizer outlet is pre-without airHot device, and successively by flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger and flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger, heated feed water and condensingWater, has reduced the required electric turbine amount of drawing gas of high-pressure heater, has improved feed temperature, meanwhile,Also reduced the electric turbine amount of drawing gas that low-pressure heater draws gas required. Therefore, reduced generating vapourTurbine hear rate, reduces the coal consumption amount of fired power generating unit, the discharge capacity of minimizing fired power generating unit pollutant.
To sum up, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) take full advantage of the latent heat of vaporization in energy, the especially exhaust steam of driving steam turbine exhaust steam.
(2) by exhaust steam energy is replaced into gas energy, by having realized the cascade utilization of energy,Improve the utilization rate of energy.
(3) improved and entered air preheater cold wind temperature, avoided the cold junction heating surface corruption of air preheaterErosion. Compared with the scheme recycling with current conventional employing steam warming machine or hot blast, the present invention coupleThe negative effect of unit whole efficiency is less.
(4) adopt flue gas and condensate water, flue gas and the mode to water direct heat-exchange, system is simple, becomesThis is low.
(5) mode of employing steam-water-cold wind indirect heat exchange, the heat exchange efficiency of raising heat exchanger, fallsLow heat exchange area, reduces costs.
(6) heat medium water of steam-water-cold wind heat exchanger can be condensing of electric turbine heat regenerative systemWater. When exhaust steam energy, more than boiler (by heating cold wind), when receptible energy, exhaust steam energy removesAbsorbed and enter outside boiler by cold wind, remaining energy can return to electric turbine by condensate waterHeat regenerative system, can make full use of exhaust steam energy.
(7) extracted steam from turbine heating air preheater exports hot Secondary Air, improves boiler inlet temperature.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy of the present invention utilizes steam-water in system-wind heat-exchange systemThe system layout schematic diagram of an embodiment;
Fig. 2 is that driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy of the present invention utilizes steam-water in system-wind heat-exchange systemThe system layout schematic diagram of another embodiment;
Fig. 3 adopts the driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy of Fig. 1 to utilize a reality of the fired power generating unit of systemExecute routine system layout schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 adopts the driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy of Fig. 2 to utilize a reality of the fired power generating unit of systemExecute routine system layout schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is flue gas of the present invention-to the block diagram of an embodiment of the position of water-to-water heat exchanger;
Fig. 6 is flue gas of the present invention-to the square frame of another embodiment of the position of water-to-water heat exchangerFigure;
Fig. 7 is flue gas of the present invention-to the square frame of another embodiment of the position of water-to-water heat exchangerFigure;
Fig. 8 is flue gas of the present invention-to the square frame of another embodiment of the position of water-to-water heat exchangerFigure;
Fig. 9 is flue gas of the present invention-to the square frame of another embodiment of the position of water-to-water heat exchangerFigure;
Figure 10 is flue gas of the present invention-to the square frame of another embodiment of the position of water-to-water heat exchangerFigure;
Figure 11 is the square frame of an embodiment of the position of flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger of the present inventionFigure;
Figure 12 is the side of another embodiment of the position of flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger of the present inventionBlock diagram;
Figure 13 is the side of another embodiment of the position of flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger of the present inventionBlock diagram; And
Figure 14 is the block diagram that an embodiment of storage heater is set on the basis of Fig. 3.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present invention is elaborated, so that clearer understanding originallyThe objects, features and advantages of invention. It should be understood that embodiment shown in the drawings is not to model of the present inventionThe restriction of enclosing, and just for the connotation of technical solution of the present invention is described. Same or analogous portion in figureDivide and use the same reference numerals to represent.
Below, major technique term of the present invention is described.
Herein, described boiler main will comprise boiler plant. Described boiler plant is not specifically limited, as long asGoal of the invention of the present invention not being produced to restriction, is well known by persons skilled in the art. Can adopt πType boiler (or claiming to send type boiler), tower boiler, inverted U boiler etc. can be coal-burning boiler, fuel oilBoiler, gas fired-boiler etc., can be natural circulation boiler, forced circulation boiler, direct current cooker etc., all existsIn protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described air preheater is not specifically limited, only otherwise goal of the invention of the present invention is producedRestriction is well known by persons skilled in the art. Can adopt tubular preheater, rotary preheater etc.,All in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described deduster refers to the equipment that catches dust in flue gas. Only otherwise to invention of the present inventionObject produces restriction, is well known by persons skilled in the art. Can adopt electrostatic precipitator, cloth bag cigaretteGas dust removing units, electricity bag flue gas ash removal unit, moisture film flue gas ash removal unit etc., all at protection model of the present inventionIn enclosing.
Herein, described gas-water heat exchanger is a heat exchanger, or is parallel connection, series connection, connection in series-parallelSeveral heat exchangers.
Herein, described Air-Water heat exchanger is a heat exchanger, or is parallel connection, series connection, connection in series-parallelSeveral heat exchangers.
Herein, described flue gas-be a heat exchanger to water-to-water heat exchanger, or be in parallel, series connection, string alsoSeveral heat exchangers of connection.
Herein, described flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger is a heat exchanger, or is parallel connection, series connection, stringSeveral heat exchangers in parallel. Herein, described blower fan is not specifically limited, only otherwise to of the present inventionThe generation restriction of improving eyesight is well known by persons skilled in the art. Can adopt centrifugal fan, axial flowFormula blower fans etc., all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described flue gas-comprise that to water-to-water heat exchanger pipe heat exchanger, plate type heat exchanger, surface-type changeHot device, indirect-heating heat exchanger etc., all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger comprises pipe heat exchanger, plate type heat exchanger, surface-typeHeat exchanger, indirect-heating heat exchanger etc., all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described gas-water heat exchanger comprises pipe heat exchanger, plate type heat exchanger, surface-type heat exchangeDevice, indirect-heating heat exchanger etc., all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described Air-Water heat exchanger comprises pipe heat exchanger, plate type heat exchanger, surface-type heat exchangeDevice, indirect-heating heat exchanger etc., all in protection scope of the present invention.
Herein, described high-pressure heater refers to the heater with the heated feed water that draws gas of steam turbine, due to feedwaterTemperature high, it is also higher that it adds the energy quality that hot vapour source-turbine high-pressure draws gas. Adopt steam turbine heating powerEnergy beyond circulation reduces this amount of drawing gas, and can make the more of turbine efficiency raising.
Herein, low-pressure heater refers to the heater with the heat-setting water that draws gas of steam turbine, due to condensate waterTemperature low, it is also lower that it adds the energy quality that hot vapour source-steam turbine low-pressure draws gas. Adopt steam turbine heating powerEnergy beyond circulation reduces this amount of drawing gas, and can make the less of turbine efficiency raising.
Herein, driving steam turbine refers to some rotating machinerys for driving thermal power plant, as feed pump,The steam turbine of air-introduced machine etc., also can drive generator generating. The effect of this steam turbine be to water pump,Air-introduced machines etc. provide the power of rotation, and it is different from the steam turbine of thermal power plant's Turbo-generator Set, conventionallyAlso referred to as small turbine.
Herein, driving steam turbine exhaust steam refers to that steam enters the steam discharge after driving steam turbine acting, Wen ZhongReferred to as exhaust steam.
Below describe embodiments of the present invention in detail. Fig. 1 is driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy of the present inventionAmount is utilized the system layout schematic diagram of an embodiment of system. As shown in Figure 1, driving steam turbine is wearyIn vapour energy utility system, by for driving driven equipments such as pump 105 driving steam turbine 101Exhaust steam out first by steam steam water heat exchanger 102, steam steam water heat exchanger 102 exhaust steam entrance withThe exhaust steam outlet of driving steam turbine 101 connects, and steams the exhaust steam outlet and generating vapour of steam water heat exchanger 102Turbine condenser 103 connects. The water inlet that steams steam water heat exchanger changes by circulating pump 107 and Air-WaterHot device 106 connects, and the delivery port that steams steam water heat exchanger 102 is also connected with Air-Water heat exchanger 106.Thus, heat medium water by circulating pump 107 steam steam water heat exchanger 102 and Air-Water heat exchanger 106 itBetween circulation. Steam steam water heat exchanger 102 and form the heat exchange of steam-water-wind together with Air-Water heat exchanger 106System.
The air inlet of Air-Water heat exchanger 106 is connected with pressure fan and/or primary air fan 104, and airThe air outlet of-water-to-water heat exchanger 106 leads to air preheater 2.
By this steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 101 enters the heat exchange of steam-waterAfter device 102, cooling by the heat medium water that the temperature from Air-Water heat exchanger is relatively low, exhaust steam processThe cooling condenser 103 that enters electric turbine after water that condenses into be to reclaim working medium (as shown in Figure 1),Also the heater that can get back to heat regenerative system according to condensing water temperature is to reclaim working medium and heat.
Meanwhile, from the relatively low heat medium water of the temperature of Air-Water heat exchanger 106 in the heat exchange of steam-waterAfter being heated by the exhaust steam from driving steam turbine 101 in device 102, the higher heating agent of temperature after heatingWater is got back to again Air-Water heat exchanger 106. Now, from the cold wind of pressure fan and/or primary air fan 104Enter after Air-Water heat exchanger 106, the heat medium water higher by above-mentioned temperature heats, simultaneously by this temperatureSpend higher heat medium water cooling, be circulated back to steaming by the cooled heat medium water of cold wind by circulating pump 107Steam water heat exchanger, so circulation, forms steam-water-wind heat-exchange system.
After being heated by steam-water-wind heat-exchange system from the wind of pressure fan and/or primary air fan 104, enterEnter air preheater 2, as wind and the Secondary Air of air preheater 2 imports. Thus, thanExisting fired power generating unit, wind of air preheater 2 imports and the temperature of Secondary Air improve. Change speechIt, heated wind and the secondary of air preheater 2 imports from the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 101Wind. Thereby and burner air intake (instant heating Secondary Air) temperature and coal pulverizer air intake (instant heating are improvedA wind) temperature. Thus, the energy of exhaust steam (the especially latent heat of vaporization) is converted to air preheater 2The heat primary air of outlet and the energy of hot Secondary Air.
And in existing thermal power plant, wind of air preheater 2 imports and Secondary Air be normal adopt fromThe flue gas of boiler export, therefore, needs to consume a part of gas energy. But, due to boilerThe flue-gas temperature of outlet is up to 350~400 DEG C of left and right, therefore its also can be used to heat higher temperature toWater and condensate water therefore wish to reduce in the flue gas of boiler export, being used for heating air preheater and entering as far as possibleMouthful wind and the exhaust gas volumn of Secondary Air. And in the present invention, by the heat exchange of above-mentioned steam-water-wind beSystem, utilizes wind and the Secondary Air of exhaust steam heating air preheater 2 imports of driving steam turbine 101,Greatly reduce thus the exhaust gas volumn of the wind and the Secondary Air that are used for heating air preheater import.
It is pointed out that in above-mentioned steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, as the heat medium water of heat catalysisCan be circulation independently, be overcome the resistance of water by circulating pump, as shown in Figure 1. Also canBy the condensate water in electric turbine therrmodynamic system as heat medium water, as shown in Figure 2.
Exhaust steam energy when Fig. 2 illustrates using condensate water as heat medium water utilizes an embodiment of systemSystem layout schematic diagram. As shown in Figure 2, cancelled circulating pump in the present embodiment, condensate water can be fromCertain one-level low-pressure heater 15 import or export is drawn, and steams the water inlet of steam water heat exchanger and a certainThe import or export of level low-pressure heater 15 connects. Change through steaming steam water heat exchanger 102 and Air-WaterAfter hot device 106, get back to certain one-level low-pressure heater import or export, i.e. outlet of Air-Water heat exchangerBe connected with the import or export of certain one-level low-pressure heater 15, simultaneously the exhaust steam energy of driving steam turbine 101Amount has passed to the cold wind from pressure fan and primary air fan 104.
During using condensate water as heat medium water, can be whole condensate water as the condensing water flow of heat medium waterFlow, now, steaming steam water heat exchanger 102 and Air-Water heat exchanger 106 and low-pressure heater 15Pass is series connection. Or the condensing water flow that is used as heat medium water can be of total condensing water flowPoint, now, steam the pass of steam water heat exchanger 102 and Air-Water heat exchanger 106 and low-pressure heater 15Be in parallel.
In above-described embodiment, because the cold wind of air preheater 2 imports can pass through driving steam turbine exhaust steamHeating, has greatly reduced and in prior art, has been used for heating in air preheater 2 wind and Secondary AirThe amount of boiler export high-temperature flue gas. Therefore the high-temperature flue gas, displacing can be used to heat in fired power generating unitFeedwater and condensate water.
Fig. 3-14 illustrate that displaced boiler export flue gas is for heating the feedwater of fired power generating unit and coagulatingThe structural plan of the embodiment bearing water. Referring to Fig. 3, shown in Fig. 3 is steam-water-wind heat exchange systemIn system, be independently when circulation as the heat medium water of heat catalysis, the boiler displacing goes outMouth flue gas is for heating the structural plan of the feedwater of fired power generating unit and an embodiment of condensate water.
As shown in Figure 3, fired power generating unit comprises: boiler 1, air preheater 2, deduster 3, air-supplyMachine/primary air fan 104, flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger 11, flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger 12, hyperbaric heatingDevice 13, oxygen-eliminating device 14, low-pressure heater 15, generator 16, electric turbine (high pressure cylinder, inCylinder pressure, low pressure (LP) cylinder) 17 and driving steam turbine 101.
Driving steam turbine 101 exhaust steam is out first by steaming steam water heat exchanger 102, the heat exchange of steam-waterThe exhaust steam entrance of device 102 is connected with the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 101 outlet, steams steam water heat exchanger 102Exhaust steam outlet be connected with electric turbine condenser 103. Steam the water inlet of steam water heat exchanger by followingRing pump 107 be connected with Air-Water heat exchanger 106, steaming steam water heat exchanger 102 delivery port also with air-water-to-water heat exchanger 106 connects. Thus, heat medium water by circulating pump 107 steam steam water heat exchanger 102 withCirculation between Air-Water heat exchanger 106. Steaming steam water heat exchanger 102, circulating pump 107 and air-Water-to-water heat exchanger 106 forms steam-water-wind heat-exchange system together. The air inlet of Air-Water heat exchanger 106Be connected with pressure fan and/or primary air fan 104, and the air outlet of Air-Water heat exchanger 106 leads to airPreheater 2, the wind after heated is as wind and the Secondary Air of air preheater 2 imports.
The outlet of boiler 1 simultaneously with air preheater 2 and flue gas-be connected to water-to-water heat exchanger 11. Flue gas-Be connected to water-to-water heat exchanger 11 with flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger 12 and high-pressure heater 13. Flue gas-condensingWater-to-water heat exchanger 12 is connected with outlet and the low-pressure heater 15 of air preheater 2.
Flue gas-be connected to the outlet of boiler 1 to water-to-water heat exchanger 11, in the flue gas that boiler 1 burning producesA part by flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger 11 heated feed waters. In the present embodiment, from flue gas flow,Flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger 11 in parallel with air preheater 2. Feedwater flow process, flue gas-feedwater heat exchangeDevice 11 is in parallel with high-pressure heater 13, i.e. after a part of feedwater separates with feedwater main road by flue gas-toWater-to-water heat exchanger 11 is heated, then converges with feedwater main road. Burble point and point can be respectively allBetween upstream, downstream or any two-stage high-pressure heater of high-pressure heater. Flue gas-to water-to-water heat exchangerBe one-level, but can be also multistage.
Flue gas is through flue gas-give after water-to-water heat exchanger 11, logical from the flue gas of flue gas-export to water-to-water heat exchanger 11Cross flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger 12 heat-setting water, flue gas-condensate water 12 connects with low-pressure heater 15Connect. In the present embodiment, condensate water flow process, flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger 12 and low-pressure heater15 parallel connections, a part of condensate water is added by flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger after separating with condensate water main roadHeat, then converge with condensate water main road. Burble point and point can be respectively all low-pressure heatersBetween upstream, downstream or any two-stage low-pressure heater. Flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger is one-level, butAlso can be multistage.
Flue gas after flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger 12, the cigarette exporting from flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger 12Gas mixes with the flue gas that air preheater 2 exports. After two strands of above-mentioned flue gases mix, through deduster 3,Then enter desulfuration absorbing tower.
The exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 101 is by after steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, by from pressure fan and/Or the cold wind of primary air fan 104 is cooling, exhaust steam enters electric turbine 16 after supercooling condenses into waterCondenser 103 with reclaim working medium. Meanwhile, from pressure fan/or the cold wind of primary air fan 104 addedAfter heat, enter air preheater 2.
In above-described embodiment, inferior gas energy is by becoming the energy of high-quality after replacing, sameShi Jiare electric turbine feedwater and condensate water. , the part high-temperature flue gas of boiler export is successively logicalCross flue gas-to water-to-water heat exchanger and flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger, heating electric turbine feedwater and condensate water,The high-pressure heater that has reduced the high-energy quality of original heated feed water draws gas and/or has improved to water temperatureDegree, meanwhile, the low-pressure heater that has reduced the low-yield quality of original heat-setting water draws gas, and reducesElectric turbine hear rate.
In addition, utilize the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine, utilize system to carry by driving steam turbine exhaust steam energyHigh enter air preheater cold wind temperature, avoid the cold junction heated surface corrosion of air preheater. With orderThe scheme of front conventional employing steam warming machine or hot blast recirculation is compared, and the present invention is to unit entiretyThe negative effect of efficiency is less.
Fig. 4 illustrates in steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, is done by the condensate water in electric turbine therrmodynamic systemDuring for heat medium water, the boiler export flue gas displacing is for heating the feedwater of fired power generating unit and condensingThe structural plan of an embodiment of water. Exist with above-mentioned embodiment difference shown in Figure 3In, the heat medium water in steam-water-wind heat-exchange system is from certain one-level low-pressure heater 15 import or exportThe condensate water of drawing, and this heat medium water (or condensate water) steams steam water heat exchanger 102 and air in processAfter-water-to-water heat exchanger 106, get back to certain one-level low-pressure heater import or export. All the other are identical, therefore at thisNo longer describe in detail.
It is pointed out that flue gas of the present invention-passable to position and the arrangement of water-to-water heat exchangerThere are various modification and do not depart from spirit of the present invention. Below with in steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, as biographyThe heat medium water of thermal medium is in the situation of independently circulation, describes flue gas-to the cloth of water-to-water heat exchangerThe various embodiment of seated position and arrangement. In steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, by fired power generating unitIn the situation of condensate water as heat medium water, flue gas-give position and arrangement and the work of water-to-water heat exchangerFor the heat medium water of heat catalysis is that the situation of independently circulation is identical, be not described in detail in this.
Referring to Fig. 5-10, feedwater flow process, flue gas-can connect with high-pressure heater to water-to-water heat exchanger,Be flue gas-be arranged in the downstream (referring to Fig. 5) of all high-pressure heaters to water-to-water heat exchanger, or flue gas-Be arranged in the upstream (referring to Fig. 6) of all high-pressure heaters to water-to-water heat exchanger, or flue gas-feedwater be changedHot device be arranged in any two-stage high-pressure heater between (referring to Fig. 7), or several flue gases are set-be arranged in above-mentioned position to water-to-water heat exchanger simultaneously.
In addition, feedwater flow process, flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger also can be in parallel with high-pressure heater, and oneAfter separating with feedwater main road, part feedwater by flue gas-heated to water-to-water heat exchanger, then converges with feedwater main roadClose (referring to Fig. 8). Burble point and point can be respectively upstream, the downstreams of all high-pressure heatersOr arbitrarily two-stage high-pressure heater between. Flue gas-can be one-level to water-to-water heat exchanger, if can be alsoDry level. In addition, feedwater flow process, flue gas-also can be simultaneously in parallel with high-pressure heater to water-to-water heat exchangerAnd series connection (referring to Fig. 9, Figure 10), flue gas-can be one-level to water-to-water heat exchanger, can be also someLevel. Flue gas-while series connection with high-pressure heater to water-to-water heat exchanger, the resistance of heat exchanger 11 can be by generating electricitySteam turbine feed pump overcomes, and also can feed water booster pump be separately set and overcome.
The position of flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger of the present invention and arrangement also can have various changesType and do not depart from spirit of the present invention. Referring to Figure 11-13, condensate water flow process, flue gas-condensate waterHeat exchanger can be connected with low-pressure heater, and flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger can be arranged in all low-pressure heatingsThe downstream of device, or be arranged in the upstream of all low-pressure heaters, or be arranged in any two-stage low pressureBetween heater (referring to Figure 11), or several flue gas-condensate water heat exchangers are set arrange simultaneouslyIn above-mentioned position.
In addition, condensate water flow process, flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger also can be in parallel with low-pressure heater,Be heated by flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger after a part of condensate water separates with condensate water main road, then withCondensate water main road converges (referring to Figure 12). Burble point and point can be respectively all low-pressure heatingsBetween upstream, downstream or any two-stage low-pressure heater of device. Flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger can beOne-level can be also some levels. In addition,, condensate water flow process, flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger also canSimultaneously in parallel and connect with low-pressure heater, flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger can be that one-level is (referring to figure13), can be also some levels. When flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger is connected with low-pressure heater, heat exchangerResistance can be overcome by electric turbine condensate pump, also can condensate booster pump be separately set and overcome.
In addition, on the basis of the above, can also on the hot Secondary Air of air preheater outlet, heat be setWind heater 18, referring to Figure 14. Adopt electric turbine one-level to draw gas as adding hot vapour source, conventionally adoptWith larger the drawing gas of the degree of superheat, to heat the hot Secondary Air of air preheater outlet, its effect is into oneStep improves boiler inlet temperature.
In addition also can in the flue that enters flue gas-to water-to-water heat exchanger and flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger, arrange,Controllable register door regulates exhaust gas volumn.
In addition, above-mentioned flue gas-to water-to-water heat exchanger, flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger, Air-Water heat exchangerVarious arrangements can mutually combine one of (embodiment illustrated in fig. 3 be combination) and not depart from thisThe spirit of invention.
Driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy of the present invention utilizes system and generating set to utilize driving steam turbine wearyVapour heats wind and the Secondary Air of sending into air preheater (or boiler), and by this energy replacementFor gas energy cascade utilization, inferior exhaust steam energy is by becoming the energy of high-quality after replacingAmount, with heated feed water and condensate water. The part high-temperature flue gas of boiler economizer outlet is pre-without airHot device, and successively by flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger and flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger, heated feed water and condensingWater, has reduced the required electric turbine amount of drawing gas of high-pressure heater, has improved feed temperature, meanwhile,Also reduced the electric turbine amount of drawing gas that low-pressure heater draws gas required. Therefore, reduced generating vapourTurbine hear rate, reduces the coal consumption amount of fired power generating unit, the discharge capacity of minimizing fired power generating unit pollutant.
To sum up, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) take full advantage of the latent heat of vaporization in energy, the especially exhaust steam of driving steam turbine exhaust steam.
(2) by exhaust steam energy is replaced into gas energy, by having realized the cascade utilization of energy,Improve the utilization rate of energy.
(3) improved and entered air preheater cold wind temperature, avoided the cold junction heating surface corruption of air preheaterErosion. Compared with the scheme recycling with current conventional employing steam warming machine or hot blast, the present invention coupleThe negative effect of unit whole efficiency is less.
(4) adopt flue gas and condensate water, flue gas and the mode to water direct heat-exchange, system is simple, becomesThis is low.
(5) mode of employing steam-water-cold wind indirect heat exchange, the heat exchange efficiency of raising heat exchanger, fallsLow heat exchange area, reduces costs.
(6) heat medium water of steam-water-cold wind heat exchanger can be condensing of electric turbine heat regenerative systemWater. When exhaust steam energy, more than boiler (by heating cold wind), when receptible energy, exhaust steam energy removesAbsorbed and enter outside boiler by cold wind, remaining energy can return to electric turbine by condensate waterHeat regenerative system, can make full use of exhaust steam energy.
(7) extracted steam from turbine heating air preheater exports hot Secondary Air, improves boiler inlet temperature.
Below describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail, but it will be appreciated that, read thisAfter bright above-mentioned instruction content, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention.These equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.

Claims (34)

1. thermal power plant's driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy utilizes a system, comprises driving steam turbine, air preheatDevice and blower fan, is characterized in that:
Described driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy utilizes system also to comprise steaming steam water heat exchanger and Air-Water heat exchanger, described steaming steam water heat exchanger and Air-Water heat exchanger form steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, described driving vapourTurbine exhaust steam by described steam-water-wind heat-exchange system heat described air preheater import wind and/Or Secondary Air; Wherein
The exhaust steam entrance of described steaming steam water heat exchanger is connected with the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine outlet, described inThe exhaust steam outlet of steaming steam water heat exchanger is connected with the condenser of electric turbine, and described Air-Water heat exchanger is logicalCross circulating pump and be connected with described steaming steam water heat exchanger, and the air inlet of described Air-Water heat exchanger and described windMachine connects, and the air outlet of described Air-Water heat exchanger is connected with the air inlet of described air preheater.
2. driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy as claimed in claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described inThe heat medium water of steam-water-wind heat-exchange system is circulation independently, and described circulating pump is used for maintaining heating agentThe circulation of water.
3. driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy as claimed in claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described inThe heat medium water that steams steam water heat exchanger is the condensate water of the import or export of a low-pressure heater, described condensate waterAfter described steam-water-wind heat-exchange system, get back to the import or export of another low-pressure heater.
4. driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy as claimed in claim 3 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described inSteam-water-wind heat-exchange system is connected with low-pressure heater.
5. driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy as claimed in claim 3 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described inSteam-water-wind heat-exchange system is in parallel with low-pressure heater.
6. driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy as claimed in claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described inThe exhaust steam of driving steam turbine enters condenser to reclaim working medium after condensing.
7. driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy as claimed in claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described inThe exhaust steam of driving steam turbine enters the heater of heat regenerative system to reclaim working medium and heat after condensing.
8. driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy as claimed in claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described inDriving steam turbine can drive feed pump, air-introduced machine, water circulating pump, primary air fan, pressure fan, Yi JiningBear water pump, or drive generator generating.
9. exhaust steam energy as claimed in claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described blower fan comprises potStove pressure fan and/or primary air fan.
10. driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy as claimed in claim 2 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described inThe water inlet that steams steam water heat exchanger is connected with the import or export of a low-pressure heater, described Air-Water heat exchangeThe delivery port of device is connected with the import or export of another low-pressure heater.
11. 1 kinds of fired power generating unit, comprise generator, electric turbine, boiler and deduster, its spyLevy and be, also comprise: high-pressure heater, low-pressure heater, flue gas-to water-to-water heat exchanger and as rightRequire the driving steam turbine exhaust steam energy described in any one in 1-10 to utilize system;
Wherein, the outlet of described boiler and described flue gas-be connected to water-to-water heat exchanger fume side, described flue gas-giveWater-to-water heat exchanger water side is connected with described high-pressure heater; And
A part of high-temperature flue gas of the outlet of described boiler by described flue gas-give water-to-water heat exchanger, heated feed water.
12. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger;
Wherein, described flue gas-give outlet and described flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger flue gas of water-to-water heat exchanger fume sideSide connects;
The outlet of described flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger fume side is connected with the outlet of described air preheater; And
The water side of described flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger is connected with low-pressure heater, heat-setting water.
13. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, from flue gas flow, and described cigaretteGas-give water-to-water heat exchanger in parallel with described air preheater.
14. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, feedwater flow process, and described cigaretteGas-connect to water-to-water heat exchanger with described high-pressure heater.
15. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, feedwater flow process, and described cigaretteGas-give water-to-water heat exchanger in parallel with described high-pressure heater, part feedwater is passed through institute after separating with feedwater main roadState flue gas-heated to water-to-water heat exchanger, then converge with feedwater main road.
16. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, feedwater flow process, and described cigaretteGas-give water-to-water heat exchanger with high-pressure heater parallel connection simultaneously and connect.
17. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, described flue gas-and to water-to-water heat exchanger clothPut in the upstream of all high-pressure heaters or be arranged in the downstream of all high-pressure heaters or be arranged in arbitrarilyDescribed in two-stage, between high-pressure heater or with high-pressure heater, be arranged in parallel.
18. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, from flue gas flow, and described cigaretteGas-give water-to-water heat exchanger in parallel with described air preheater.
19. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, condensate water flow process, described inFlue gas-condensate water heat exchanger is connected with described low-pressure heater.
20. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, condensate water flow process, described inFlue gas-condensate water heat exchanger is in parallel with described low-pressure heater, and a part of condensate water separates with condensate water main roadHeated by described flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger afterwards, then converge with condensate water main road.
21. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, condensate water flow process, described inFlue gas-condensate water heat exchanger and described low-pressure heater are simultaneously in parallel and connect.
22. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, described flue gas-condensate water heat exchangerBe arranged in the upstream of all low-pressure heaters or be arranged in the downstream of all low-pressure heaters or arrange in officeAnticipate between two described low-pressure heaters or be arranged in parallel with low-pressure heater.
23. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, are also included in described air preheatThe storage heater of arranging on the hot Secondary Air of device outlet, wherein, described storage heater employing steam turbineDraw gas as adding hot vapour source, to heat the hot Secondary Air of air preheater outlet.
24. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, change entering described flue gas-feedwaterThe entrance of the flue of hot device also arranges controllable register door, and described controllable register door is used for regulating exhaust gas volumn.
25. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, are entering described flue gas-condensate waterThe entrance of the flue of heat exchanger also arranges controllable register door, and described controllable register door is used for regulating exhaust gas volumn.
26. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 14, is characterized in that, are also provided with feed water booster pump,Described feed water booster pump is for overcoming described flue gas-to the resistance of water-to-water heat exchanger.
27. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 19, is characterized in that, are also provided with condensate booster pump, described condensate booster pump is for overcoming the resistance of described flue gas-condensate water heat exchanger.
28. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 15, is characterized in that, described a part of feedwater with described inThe burble point of feedwater main road is between the upstream or any two-stage high-pressure heater of all high-pressure heaters, andDescribed part feedwater is the downstream of described any two-stage high-pressure heater with the point of described feedwater main road.
29. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, arrange 1 the above flue gas-Give water-to-water heat exchanger.
30. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, arrange 1 the above flue gas-Condensate water heat exchanger.
31. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, described fired power generating unit is once againShowing tremendous enthusiasm group of motors, or double reheat fired power generating unit.
32. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, described boiler be coal-burning boiler,Or oil burning boiler or gas fired-boiler.
33. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, described feedwater derives from this thermoelectricityUnit or derive from adjacent fired power generating unit.
34. fired power generating unit as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, described condensate water derives from this fireGroup of motors or derive from adjacent fired power generating unit.
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