CN103574630B - Improve the method for temperature of smoke discharged by chimney of thermal power and flue gas heating system and fired power generating unit - Google Patents

Improve the method for temperature of smoke discharged by chimney of thermal power and flue gas heating system and fired power generating unit Download PDF

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CN103574630B
CN103574630B CN201210249933.5A CN201210249933A CN103574630B CN 103574630 B CN103574630 B CN 103574630B CN 201210249933 A CN201210249933 A CN 201210249933A CN 103574630 B CN103574630 B CN 103574630B
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flue gas
steam
heat exchanger
chimney
heating system
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CN103574630A (en
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申松林
叶勇健
陈仁杰
施刚夜
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China Power Engineering Consulting Group East China Electric Power Design Institute Co Ltd
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China Power Engineering Consulting Group East China Electric Power Design Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method improving thermal power plant's exhaust gas temperature and flue gas heating system and the fired power generating unit of this system of employing.The method utilizes the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine to heat flue gas out after described desulfuration absorbing tower, the most again the flue gas after heating is entered described chimney.Flue gas heating system include being arranged between described desulfuration absorbing tower and described chimney for the Smoke-heating device utilizing the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine that flue gas is heated.The flue gas heating system of the present invention takes full advantage of the latent heat of vaporization in the energy of driving steam turbine exhaust steam, especially exhaust steam, improves the whole efficiency in power plant, adds atmosphere hoist height simultaneously, reduces the flooring concentration of pollutant, beneficially environmental conservation.

Description

Improve the method for temperature of smoke discharged by chimney of thermal power and flue gas heating system and fired power generating unit
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermal power generation, the flue gas heating system being specifically related in generating equipment.
Background technology
After thermal power plant is provided with wet desulfurization system, the flue-gas temperature through desulfurizer is generally 50 DEG C.Some desulphurization systems are provided with flue gas-flue gas heat-exchange unit (GGH), and flue-gas temperature can bring up to about 80 DEG C, then by smoke stack emission to air.And it being not provided with the desulphurization system of GGH, the temperature of smoke stack emission is only about 50 DEG C.By the flue gases of after wet desulphurization 50 DEG C containing more water, following problem can be caused: the corrosivity of (1) 50 DEG C of flue gas is more much higher than 80 DEG C, cause chimney must use the resistant material of costliness;(2) flue gas water content senior general causes gypsum particle to discharge chimney, and the region close around chimney that falls, and causes " gypsum rain ", affects power plant's plant environment.
To this end, some power plant use auxiliary steam or the flue gas of hot secondary wind heating chimney import, by flue gas to about 80 DEG C.But, owing to auxiliary steam and hot secondary wind can be used for generating, its energy is high-quality energy, consumes auxiliary steam and hot secondary wind, will expend many energy, and reduce power plant's overall thermal efficiency.
And current, in power plant, the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine enters condenser, and its energy major part is taken away by recirculated water, can not be utilized by power plant.
Therefore consider how to utilize the energy of exhaust steam, to improve power plant's overall thermal efficiency.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide method and flue gas heating system that the flue gas of chimney import is heated by the exhaust steam of a kind of driving steam turbine utilized in generating equipment.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of method improving temperature of smoke discharged by chimney of thermal power, described thermal power plant is provided with driving steam turbine, condenser, boiler, air preheater, cleaner unit, desulfuration absorbing tower and chimney, it is characterized in that, described method is the exhaust steam utilizing described driving steam turbine to be heated flue gas out after flowing through described desulfuration absorbing tower, the most again the flue gas after heating is entered described chimney.
Preferably, condense after the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine is cooled and enter condenser or return to the heater of heat regenerative system in described thermal power plant according to condensing water temperature.
Present invention also offers a kind of flue gas heating system improving temperature of smoke discharged by chimney of thermal power, described thermal power plant is provided with driving steam turbine, condenser, boiler, air preheater, cleaner unit, desulfuration absorbing tower and chimney, described flue gas heating system include being arranged between described desulfuration absorbing tower and described chimney for the Smoke-heating device utilizing the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine that flue gas is heated.
In one preferred embodiment, in flue gas heating system, described Smoke-heating device includes gas-water heat exchanger, steams steam water heat exchanger, circulating pump and pipeline;
The water entrance of described gas-water heat exchanger is connected with the water entrance of described steaming steam water heat exchanger by circulating pump and pipeline;
The steam of described steaming steam water heat exchanger is imported and exported and is connected by pipeline and the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine outlet and described condenser or heat regenerative system respectively;And
The smoke entrance of described gas-water heat exchanger is connected with described desulfuration absorbing tower and described chimney respectively.
In another preferred embodiment, in flue gas heating system, described Smoke-heating device includes flue gas-vapor heat exchanger and pipeline;
The steam of described flue gas-vapor heat exchanger is imported and exported and is connected by described pipeline and the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine outlet and described condenser or heat regenerative system respectively;And
The smoke entrance of described flue gas-vapor heat exchanger is connected with described desulfuration absorbing tower and described chimney respectively.
In another preferred embodiment, in flue gas heating system, described Smoke-heating device includes steam-air heat exchanger, blower fan and pipeline;
The steam of described steam-air heat exchanger is imported and exported and is connected by pipeline and the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine outlet and described condenser or heat regenerative system respectively;And
The air intake of described steam-air heat exchanger is connected with described blower fan, and the air outlet slit of described steam-air heat exchanger is connected with the exhaust gases passes between described desulfuration absorbing tower and described chimney, to add heat smoke.
Preferably, in the present invention, described driving steam turbine is for driving feed pump, air-introduced machine, water circulating pump, primary air fan, pressure fan, condensate pump or the electromotor in described thermal power plant.
Preferably, the medium in described gas-water heat exchanger and described steaming steam water heat exchanger is liquid medium.
Preferably, described flue gas-vapor heat exchanger is pipe heat exchanger.
Present invention also offers a kind of fired power generating unit, described fired power generating unit includes the flue gas heating system described in any of the above-described embodiment.
In the flue gas heating system of the present invention, make use of the flue gas of the exhaust steam heating desulphurization system outlet of driving steam turbine, make exhaust gas temperature more than 70~80 DEG C, eliminate the low flue-gas temperature adverse effect to chimney.Additionally, the flue gas heating system of the present invention has the further advantage that
(1) latent heat of vaporization in the energy of driving steam turbine exhaust steam, especially exhaust steam is taken full advantage of.
(2) by exhaust steam energy is added heat smoke, make use of the waste heat in power plant, thus improve the whole efficiency in power plant.
(3) improve the flue-gas temperature of chimney import, greatly reduce the corrosivity of flue gas, reduce chimney anticorrosion cost, add atmosphere hoist height simultaneously, reduce the flooring concentration of pollutant, beneficially environmental conservation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the system of an embodiment of the flue gas heating system that the flue gas of chimney import heats is arranged schematic diagram by the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine in generating equipment that utilizes of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the system of another embodiment of the flue gas heating system that the flue gas of chimney import heats is arranged schematic diagram by the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine in generating equipment that utilizes of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the system of the further embodiment of the flue gas heating system that the flue gas of chimney import heats is arranged schematic diagram by the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine in generating equipment that utilizes of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is described in detail, in order to become apparent from understanding the purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage.It should be understood that embodiment shown in the drawings is not limitation of the scope of the invention, and simply to illustrate that the connotation of technical solution of the present invention.In figure, same or analogous part uses the same reference numerals to represent.
Hereinafter, the major technique term of the present invention is illustrated.
Herein, described boiler main boiler plant to be included.Described boiler plant is not specifically limited, as long as the goal of the invention not to the present invention produces limits, is well known by persons skilled in the art.π type boiler (or claiming to send type boiler), tower boiler, inverted U boiler etc. can be used, can be coal-burning boiler, oil burning boiler etc., can be natural circulation boiler, forced circulation boiler, direct current cooker etc., the most within the scope of the present invention.
Herein, described air preheater is not specifically limited, as long as the goal of the invention not to the present invention produces limits, is well known by persons skilled in the art.Tubular preheater, rotary preheater etc. can be used, the most within the scope of the present invention.
Herein, described cleaner unit refers to catch the equipment of dust in flue gas.As long as the goal of the invention to the present invention does not produces and limits, it is well known by persons skilled in the art.Electrostatic precipitator, cloth bag flue gas ash removal unit, electricity bag flue gas ash removal unit, moisture film flue gas ash removal unit etc. can be used, the most within the scope of the present invention.
Herein, driving steam turbine refers to some rotating machinerys into thermal power plant, as feed pump, air-introduced machine etc. provide the steam turbine of the power rotated, it is possible to be the steam turbine driving electromotor.
Herein, exhaust steam in steam turbine refers to that steam enters the steam discharge after driving steam turbine does work.
Embodiments of the present invention described further below.Fig. 1 is that the system utilizing an embodiment of the flue gas heating system 100 that the flue gas of chimney import is heated by the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine in generating equipment of the present invention arranges schematic diagram.As it is shown in figure 1, in flue gas heating system 100, boiler 1 flue gas out first pass through air preheater 2, then pass through cleaner unit 3, subsequently into desulfuration absorbing tower 4.Flue gas from desulfuration absorbing tower 4 out after, enter the gas-water heat exchanger 9 that is arranged between desulfuration absorbing tower 4 and chimney 11, after gas-water heat exchanger 9 heats, finally enter chimney 11, and be discharged in air by chimney 11.
In general, from desulfuration absorbing tower 4 flue-gas temperature out at about 50 DEG C, if the flue gas of this temperature is directly entered chimney, then it is unfavorable for service life and the environmental conservation of chimney.And gas-water heat exchanger 9 is by from desulfuration absorbing tower 4 flue gas to about 80 DEG C out, then enters back into chimney, substantially increases service life the beneficially environmental conservation of chimney.
As shown in Figure 1, the water out (or thermal medium outlet) of gas-water heat exchanger 9 and water inlet (or the thermal medium entrance) fluid communication steaming steam water heat exchanger 8, the water inlet of gas-water heat exchanger 9 and the water out fluid communication steaming steam water heat exchanger 8, and it is additionally provided with heat medium water circulating pump 10 between the water inlet and steaming steam water heat exchanger 8 of gas-water heat exchanger 9, thus constitute closed circuit.Thus utilize steaming steam water heat exchanger 8 that gas-water heat exchanger 9 is heated, and and then heat the flue gas flowing through gas-water heat exchanger 9.
The exhaust steam of the steam inlet and driving steam turbine 5 of steaming steam water heat exchanger 8 exports and is connected, and the steam (vapor) outlet steaming steam water heat exchanger 8 is connected with condenser 7.After the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 5 enters steaming steam water heat exchanger 8, condense after exhaust steam is cooled, enter condenser 7 to reclaim working medium, it is possible to return to the heater of heat regenerative system to reclaim working medium and heat according to condensing water temperature.The heat medium water of steaming steam water heat exchanger 8 enters gas-water heat exchanger 9 after being heated, and adds heat smoke and is cooled simultaneously, completing the process that the energy of exhaust steam is transformed into flue gas.
The exhaust pressure of driving steam turbine 5 is set to make exhaust steam temperature and heating agent water temperature, heating agent water temperature have with flue-gas temperature and reasonably holds difference, and exhaust steam can be condensed into water, flue gas is heated to more than 70~80 DEG C simultaneously, and circulating pump 10 makes heat medium water fluid interchange in steaming steam water heat exchanger 8 and gas-water heat exchanger 9.
Fig. 2 is that the system utilizing another embodiment of the flue gas heating system 101 that the flue gas of chimney import is heated by the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine in generating equipment of the present invention arranges schematic diagram.As in figure 2 it is shown, in flue gas heating system 101, boiler 1 flue gas out first pass through air preheater 2, then pass through cleaner unit 3, subsequently into desulfuration absorbing tower 4.Flue gas from desulfuration absorbing tower 4 out after, enter flue gas-vapor heat exchanger 12 of being arranged between desulfuration absorbing tower 4 and chimney 11, after flue gas-vapor heat exchanger 12 heats, finally enter chimney 11, and be discharged in air by chimney 11.
The steam inlet of flue gas-vapor heat exchanger 12 exports with the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 5 and is connected, and the steam (vapor) outlet of flue gas-vapor heat exchanger 12 is connected with condenser 7.The exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 5 enters flue gas-vapor heat exchanger 12, adds heat smoke and is cooled simultaneously, completing the process that the energy of exhaust steam is transformed into flue gas.
The exhaust pressure of driving steam turbine is set to make exhaust steam temperature and flue-gas temperature have and reasonably holds difference, and exhaust steam can be condensed into water, and flue gas is heated to more than about 70~80 DEG C simultaneously.Condense after exhaust steam is cooled, enter condenser to reclaim working medium, it is possible to return to the heater of heat regenerative system to reclaim working medium and heat according to condensing water temperature.
Fig. 3 is that the system utilizing the further embodiment of the flue gas heating system 102 that the flue gas of chimney import is heated by the exhaust steam of driving steam turbine in generating equipment of the present invention arranges schematic diagram.As it is shown on figure 3, in flue gas heating system 102, boiler 1 flue gas out first pass through air preheater 2, then pass through cleaner unit 3, subsequently into desulfuration absorbing tower 4, finally enter chimney 11, and be discharged in air by chimney 11.
In the present embodiment, for improving the temperature of flue gas entering chimney 11, the exhaust gases passes between desulfuration absorbing tower and chimney 11 is connected with hot blast, with by flue gas to about 80 DEG C or more than.As it is shown on figure 3, hot blast is formed by the steam-air heat exchanger 13 being connected with the exhaust steam outlet of driving steam turbine 5.The steam inlet end of steam-air heat exchanger 13 is connected to the exhaust steam outlet of driving steam turbine, and steam (vapor) outlet end is connected to condenser 7.After air enters steam-air heat exchanger 13 via blower fan 14, heated by the steam from exhaust steam, subsequently into the exhaust gases passes between desulfuration absorbing tower 4 and chimney 11 to add heat smoke.
The exhaust steam of driving steam turbine 5 enters steam-air heat exchanger, condenses, enter condenser 7 to reclaim working medium after exhaust steam is cooled, it is possible to return to the heater of heat regenerative system in thermal power plant with recovery working medium and heat according to condensing water temperature.After air is heated by steam-air heat exchanger, it is mixed into flue gas, flue-gas temperature is brought up to more than about 70~80 DEG C, completes the process that the energy of exhaust steam is transformed into flue gas.
The structure of boiler 1, air preheater 2, cleaner unit 3, desulfuration absorbing tower 4, chimney 11, driving steam turbine 5, condenser 7 and each heat exchanger 8,9,12,13 etc. in above-described embodiment is prior art, is not described in detail at this.
In above-described embodiment, driving steam turbine 5 can be used for driving the equipment 6 such as feed pump, air-introduced machine, water circulating pump, primary air fan, pressure fan, condensate pump or electromotor.
In above-described embodiment, gas-water heat exchanger and steaming steam water heat exchanger may also be the indirect-heating heat exchanger using other liquid medium, and medium can be the such as low-boiling point liquid such as water, ethylene glycol.
In above-described embodiment, flue gas-vapor heat exchanger can be pipe heat exchanger.
In above-described embodiment, the inlet and outlet of each heat exchanger is comparatively speaking, if one of them is outlet in the import and export of i.e. heat exchanger, the most corresponding one is entrance, and vice versa.
In the flue gas heating system of the present invention, make use of the flue gas of the exhaust steam heating desulphurization system outlet of driving steam turbine, make exhaust gas temperature more than 70~80 DEG C, eliminate the low flue-gas temperature adverse effect to chimney.Additionally, the flue gas heating system of the present invention has the further advantage that
(1) latent heat of vaporization in the energy of driving steam turbine exhaust steam, especially exhaust steam is taken full advantage of.
(2) by exhaust steam energy is added heat smoke, make use of the waste heat in power plant, thus improve the whole efficiency in power plant.
(3) improve the flue-gas temperature of chimney import, greatly reduce the corrosivity of flue gas, reduce chimney anticorrosion cost, add atmosphere hoist height simultaneously, reduce the flooring concentration of pollutant, beneficially environmental conservation.
Below presently preferred embodiments of the present invention has been described in detail, it is understood that after the above-mentioned teachings having read the present invention, the present invention can be made various changes or modifications by those skilled in the art.These equivalent form of values fall within the application appended claims limited range equally.

Claims (4)

1. the flue gas heating system improving temperature of smoke discharged by chimney of thermal power, described thermal power plant is provided with driving steam turbine, condenser, boiler, air preheater, cleaner unit, desulfuration absorbing tower and chimney, it is characterized in that, described flue gas heating system include being arranged between described desulfuration absorbing tower and described chimney for the Smoke-heating device utilizing the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine that flue gas is heated;Wherein
Described Smoke-heating device includes gas-water heat exchanger, steams steam water heat exchanger, circulating pump and pipeline;
The water entrance of described gas-water heat exchanger is connected with the water entrance of described steaming steam water heat exchanger by circulating pump and pipeline;
The steam of described steaming steam water heat exchanger is imported and exported and is connected by pipeline and the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine outlet and described condenser or heat regenerative system respectively;And
The smoke entrance of described gas-water heat exchanger is connected with described desulfuration absorbing tower and described chimney respectively;
Or
Described Smoke-heating device includes steam-air heat exchanger, blower fan and pipeline;
The steam of described steam-air heat exchanger is imported and exported and is connected by pipeline and the exhaust steam of described driving steam turbine outlet and described condenser or heat regenerative system respectively;And
The air intake of described steam-air heat exchanger is connected with described blower fan, and the air outlet slit of described steam-air heat exchanger is connected with the exhaust gases passes between described desulfuration absorbing tower and described chimney, to add heat smoke.
2. flue gas heating system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described driving steam turbine is for driving feed pump, air-introduced machine, water circulating pump, primary air fan, pressure fan, condensate pump or the electromotor in described thermal power plant.
3. flue gas heating system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the medium in described gas-water heat exchanger and described steaming steam water heat exchanger is liquid medium.
4. a fired power generating unit, it is characterised in that described fired power generating unit includes the flue gas heating system according to any one of claim 1-3.
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