CN103574577B - Biomass efficient energy co-generation unit - Google Patents
Biomass efficient energy co-generation unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN103574577B CN103574577B CN201310554417.8A CN201310554417A CN103574577B CN 103574577 B CN103574577 B CN 103574577B CN 201310554417 A CN201310554417 A CN 201310554417A CN 103574577 B CN103574577 B CN 103574577B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of biomass efficient energy co-generation unit, comprise living beings feeding mechanism, steam raising plant and steam-electric power unit, biomass fuel is delivered to described steam raising plant combustion by conveyer belt and produces steam by described living beings feeding mechanism, described steam raising plant comprises biomass burner, evaporimeter and steam generator, described biomass burner provides hot gas to make the raw water in evaporimeter be evaporated to water vapour for evaporimeter, described evaporimeter is connected with steam generator, in the water vapour input steam generator that evaporimeter is produced, the steam delivery outlet of described steam generator is connected by the steam turbine of carrier pipe with steam-electric power unit.The present invention has the following advantages: the consumption that namely can reduce fossil energy, can reduce again the discharge of pernicious gas, can increase the income of local farmers simultaneously, increases peasant employment; Capable of saving fuel more than 30%, become low cost, the renewable and clean energy resource that can large-scale develop and utilize.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to technical field of power generation, especially a kind of biomass efficient energy co-generation unit.
[background technology]
New energy technology is as one of the technology of most impact in 21st century development of world economy, and the mankind rely on the development of New Energy Industry to solve energy crisis and the problem of environmental pollution in the whole world the most at last, realize sustainable development.In the regenerative resource that country encourages, maximum one piece is exactly generating and the utilization of biomass energy, and China has abundant Biomass Energy Resources, and according to measuring and calculating, the theoretical Biomass Energy Resources of China is about 5,000,000,000 tons.At present, biomass castoff can be mainly for the Biomass Energy Resources of exploitation, comprise agricultural crop straw, husk, fuel wood, industrial organic wastes and municipal solid organic waste etc.High flow rate like the shadow following the person in economic development, high pollution and resource environment restricted problem, in recent years, China starts the comprehensive transformation seeking mode of economic development, walks resource efficient development strategy.Recycling economy is a kind of with the efficiency utilization of resource and be recycling as core, with " minimizing, recycling, resource " for principle, with low consumption, low emission, high efficiency for essential characteristic, meeting the mode of economic development of sustainable development idea, is the fundamental change of the traditional growth pattern to " produce in a large number, consume in a large number, discard in a large number ".Biomass energy is an important energy, expects next century, world energy sources consumption 40% from biomass energy, there is abundant Biomass Energy Resources in China, and 70% of fuel in China's rural areas is living beings, and only straw every annual amount in rural area reaches more than 600,000,000 ton.Along with expanding economy, the raising of people's living standard, the reinforcement of environmental protection consciousness, utilizes reasonable, the Efficient Development of biomass energy, must more and more be subject to people's attention.
At present, the application of gasification of biomass or direct combustion power generation is one of effective ways of clean utilization biomass energy, and it can be converted into electric energy when not producing pollution biomass energy, reaches the object obtaining high-grade energy from low-grade energy.Particularly small-sized biomass gasifying electricity generation technique and electricity generation system, simple, flexible, apply than being easier to.But in actual industrialization process, run into a lot of realistic problem, be mainly manifested in following several aspect:
(1), system utilization ratio is on the low side, generally only has about 15%, and system is unstable, does not reach effect;
(2), in power generation process efficiency is not high yet, and be generally about 30%, most heat has lost from tail gas and cooling water.
To sum up, also there is a lot of problem and do not solve in current Biomass Gasification & Power Generation technique and system, the operating cost of power plant is too high, inefficiency, if not raising efficiency, just very difficult commercialization, Industry Promotion further.
[summary of the invention]
The object of the invention is to the deficiency overcoming the existence of above-described prior art, a kind of consumption that namely can reduce fossil energy is provided, the discharge of pernicious gas can be reduced again, the income of local farmers can be increased simultaneously, increase the biomass efficient energy co-generation unit of peasant employment.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: biomass efficient energy co-generation unit, comprise living beings feeding mechanism, steam raising plant and steam-electric power unit, biomass fuel is delivered to described steam raising plant combustion by conveyer belt and produces steam by described living beings feeding mechanism, described steam raising plant comprises biomass burner, evaporimeter and steam generator, described biomass burner provides hot gas to make the raw water in evaporimeter be evaporated to water vapour for evaporimeter, described evaporimeter is connected with steam generator, in the water vapour input steam generator that evaporimeter is produced, the steam delivery outlet of described steam generator is connected by the steam turbine of carrier pipe with steam-electric power unit, generate electricity for driving steam-electric power unit,
The 40-45 DEG C water steam of described turbine exhaust forms the condensed water of 40-45 degree Celsius after condenser heat exchange, and the steam raising plant Inner eycle that described condensed water is inputted by water pump utilizes; Described condenser and cooling tower are connected to form cooling circuit, and described steam generator is connected with make-up water source, for the raw water of supplementary production steam.
Described biomass burner is connected with oxyhydrogen generator, for providing the hydrogen and oxygen gas mixture of combustion air overall volume 5-10%, to improve efficiency of combustion.
The port of export of described evaporimeter is connected with steam generator sidewall and communicates, and the arrival end of described evaporimeter and the bottom of described steam generator are connected by circulation pipe and communicate; Arrange clean screen apparatus in described steam generator inner tip, described clean screen apparatus intersegmental part on described steam generator is partitioned into steam output region and steam produces space, can effectively filter steam like this, reduces the existence of liquid.
Described clean screen apparatus is provided with steam and emits outlet and steam delivery outlet, described steam emits outlet and steam equipped at outlet port in same level, and described steam emits discharge ring to be around in outside described steam delivery outlet, and emit outlet that screen pack is set at described steam, the aperture 0.2-2mm of the filter opening of described screen pack.
In described steam generator, vapor-liquid separating device is set, for separating of the liquid in steam, produces initial steam for reuse.
The input port of described evaporimeter is connected with the steam outlet of second level preheater, and the raw water input port of described second level preheater is connected with the steam outlet of first order preheater, and the raw water input port of described first order preheater is connected with supply-water pump; So the hot gas input port of first order preheater is connected with described and cooling water delivery outlet that is second level preheater, the hot gas input port of described second level preheater is connected with described biomass burner.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the consumption that namely can reduce fossil energy, can reduce again the discharge of pernicious gas, can increase the income of local farmers simultaneously, increases peasant employment; Meet the category that Kyoto Protocol Clean Development Mechanism is supported, therefore, can also be concluded the business by carbon emission reduction, obtain the income often spending spend $0.08 ~ 0.10 yuan; Use makes the mixed combustion capable of saving fuel more than 30% of hydrogen, becomes novel, low cost, the renewable and clean energy resource that can large-scale develop and utilize.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is the Pipe frame composition of biomass efficient energy co-generation unit of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the biomass burner structural representation of biomass efficient energy co-generation unit of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the original block diagram of the biomass burner of biomass efficient energy co-generation unit of the present invention;
[detailed description of the invention]
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be described in detail.
Biomass efficient energy co-generation unit, as shown in Figure 1, comprises living beings feeding mechanism, steam raising plant and steam-electric power unit, and described steam-electric power unit can be steam turbine and steam-driven generator composition, and described steam turbine drives steam-driven generator generating.Described living beings feeding mechanism is connected with described steam raising plant by conveyer belt, biomass fuel is inputted described steam raising plant combustion to produce steam, described steam raising plant is connected with steam turbine by carrier pipe, for driving steam turbine, steam-electric power unit is driven to generate electricity.Described steam raising plant is biomass steam generating means, and it can produce 44kg/cm
2the clean vapours of 450 degrees Celsius of pressure, for driving steam turbine, described steam turbine drive electrical generators generating.Wherein, living beings feeding mechanism comprise store biomass fuel warehouse and for carrying the conveyer belt of biomass fuel, between conveyer belt and the biomass burner of steam raising plant, reducing mechanism is set, for biomass fuel is pulverized, is broken up, to improve combustion efficiency, decreasing pollution thing discharges.Described reducing mechanism can existing equipment, will no longer burden at this.Described biomass fuel can be the agriculture and forestry organic waste materials such as stalk, branch and leaf.For the ease of storing, described agriculture and forestry organic waste material is compressed into pie after can tentatively pulverizing, and its burning calorific value reaches 3500kcal/kg.Described steam raising plant comprises biomass burner, evaporimeter and steam generator 7, for heating fumigators in the access evaporimeter of described biomass burner, the raw water in evaporimeter is made to be evaporated to water vapour, described evaporimeter is connected with steam generator 7, in the water vapour input steam generator that evaporimeter is produced, vapor-liquid separating device 9 is set in described steam generator 7, for separating of the liquid in steam, produces initial steam for reuse.Described biomass burner is connected with oxyhydrogen generator, for providing combustion-supporting hydrogen and oxygen.Described oxyhydrogen generator is the electrochemical apparatus utilizing water electrolysis to produce hydrogen and oxygen, and it generally comprises power-supply system, electrolyzer system, carbonated drink piece-rate system, cooling system, control system and safe anti-backfire system; Gas or the hydrogen and oxygen gas mixture of hydrogen and oxygen separation can be provided.The present invention accounts for the hydrogen and oxygen gas mixture of combustion air overall volume 5-10% for providing, to improve efficiency of combustion.Hydrogen in described hydrogen and oxygen gas mixture and the volume ratio of oxygen are 2:1.And when biomass fuel is 135kg/hr quantity combusted, the consumption of described hydrogen and oxygen gas mixture is 260000kcal/hr.Described oxyhydrogen generator application Brown Gas principle, electroplates by Particular craft the electrolytic pole board that active material produces, and develops and be suitable for the special high frequency electric source novel power supply of electrolysis, utilize high voltage set electrolysis tech to H on 316 stainless steel substrates
2o carries out electrolytic treatments, produces the hydrogen-oxygen mixture meeting Thorough combustion requirement, compared with traditional energy, makes the mixed combustion capable of saving fuel more than 30% of hydrogen, becomes novel, low cost, the renewable and clean energy resource that can large-scale develop and utilize.The 40-45 DEG C water steam of described turbine exhaust forms the condensed water of 40-45 degree Celsius after condenser heat exchange, and steam generator 7 Inner eycle that described condensed water is inputted by water pump utilizes, and regenerates medium temperature and medium pressure (44kg/cm
2450 degrees Celsius of pressure) steam.Wherein, described condenser and cooling tower are connected to form cooling circuit, for cooling.Described steam generator 7 is connected with make-up water source, for the raw water of supplementary production steam.170 degrees Celsius of waste gas that the biomass burner of described steam raising plant produces can be discharged into air, or quote waste gas and carry out preheating to above-mentioned condensed water, have reached the object recycling heat energy.
The living beings that described steam raising plant is made with abandoned biomass, for fuel, provide clean steam with constant voltage mode to steam-electric power unit, and have installed perfect safety relief device, protection system safety.As shown in Figure 2, described steam generator 7 is a tank body for being connected with evaporimeter 1, described evaporimeter 1 is connected with described biomass burner, for absorbing the heat of described biomass burner, the water through evaporator 1 is heated into the steam of upper 450 degrees Celsius by the middle high temperature hot gas that described biomass burner produces.The port of export of described evaporimeter 1 is connected with steam generator 7 sidewall and communicates, and the arrival end of described evaporimeter 1 and the bottom of described steam generator 7 are connected by circulation pipe 11 and communicate.In described steam generator 7, the side wall lower ends be connected with the port of export of described evaporimeter 1 fills vapor-liquid separating device 9, for the operative liquid water in steam is separated, and the then low bottom to steam generator 7 under gravity.Described vapor-liquid separating device 9 can be ramp type vapour liquid separator or vertical gravity vapour liquid separator, and it is the visual plant producing clean steam, effectively can improve the operating efficiency of steam turbine.
In described steam generator 7 inner tip, clean screen apparatus is set, described clean screen apparatus intersegmental part on described steam generator 7 is partitioned into steam output region I and steam produces space J, effectively can filter steam like this, reduce the existence of liquid.Described clean screen apparatus 20 is provided with steam and emits outlet 5 and steam delivery outlet 4, described steam emits outlet 5 and steam delivery outlet 4 to be in same level, and described steam emits outlet 5 to be surrounded on outside described steam delivery outlet 4, and emit outlet 5 that screen pack is set at described steam, the aperture 0.2-2mm of the filter opening of described screen pack, can obtain very clean steam like this.Described steam delivery outlet 4 is connected with steam efferent duct 6, is outputted in steam turbine by steam and does work.The swash plate that described steam emits outlet 5 and steam delivery outlet 4 to be arranged by the annular swash plate be connected with described steam generator 7 madial wall and two pieces of Central Symmetries forms, described steam emits outlet 5 and steam delivery outlet 4 for narrowing design, and center longitudinal sectional view is three funnel shapeds.Described steam generator 7 arranges relief valve 3, carries out pressure release when pressure exceedes authorized pressure in described steam generator 7, to ensure safety.The bottom of described steam generator 7 is connected with supply-water pump 10, for supplementary raw water.Between described supply-water pump 10 and the bottom of described steam generator 7, the first magnetic valve is set.Vapor-liquid separating device 9 bottom in described steam generator 7 arranges fluid level control device 8, and described fluid level control device 8 controls opening of the first magnetic valve or closes.Described fluid level control device 8 can be liquid level sensor.Between described biomass burner and evaporimeter 1, arrange the second magnetic valve 2, described second magnetic valve 2 is connected with pc machine (PC), for evaporimeter described in regulable control 1 steam input quantity.Described steam generator 7 bottom is connected with the arrival end of described evaporimeter 1 by circulation pipe 11.Pipeline between described evaporimeter 1 and described steam generator 7 is fixed by Flange joint.Raw water enters in the steam generator 7 under vapor-liquid separating device 9 by supply-water pump 10, liquid level to be connected with PLC by liquid level sensor and to control, the raw water of shell side to tube side that biomass burner generation high temperature hot gas then enters into evaporimeter 1 is heated to evaporating temperature, raw water is just transformed to steam, droplet to be separated by Action of Gravity Field and is got back in raw water by this steam in the stroke of clean screen apparatus 20 and vapor-liquid separating device 9, again evaporate, steam just becomes pure steam by entering into the top of steam generator 7 after a clean screen apparatus 20, steam turbine is entered into by the pure steam of output pipe.The adjustment of high temperature hot gas makes the pressure of pure steam can according to the requirement of production technology, by regulating the second magnetic valve 2 can the force value that sets user of stable maintenance.In raw water evaporation process, control the supply of expecting water by fluid level control device, make the liquid level of material water maintain normal level all the time, intermittent discharge can be set in a program for condensed water.
Wherein, between described evaporimeter 1 and biomass burner, can preheater be set, for first by raw water preheating, then inputs evaporimeter 1 and carry out rapid evaporation and become steam.Wherein said preheater is minimum can arrange two-stage, as shown in Figure 3, the input port of described evaporimeter 1 is connected with the steam outlet of second level preheater 14, the raw water input port of described second level preheater 14 is connected with the steam outlet of first order preheater 13, and the raw water input port of described first order preheater 13 is connected with supply-water pump 10.Wherein, between the raw water input port of described first order preheater 13 and supply-water pump 10, can preliminary heater be set, then input described first order preheater 13 carry out flush distillation for carrying out preliminary preheating to raw water, described preliminary heater is connected with the coolant outlet of described evaporimeter 1, carrying out heating raw water for reclaiming cooling water part of waste heat, can heat be made full use of like this.So the hot gas input port of first order preheater 13 is connected with described and cooling water delivery outlet that is second level preheater 14, the hot gas input port of described second level preheater 14 is connected with described biomass burner, or described first order preheater 13 and second level preheater 14 can be installed in biomass burner or be connected with biomass combustion, described biomass burner high temperature hot gas will be evenly distributed in the raw water evaporation on comb surface by the comb in preheater.Described second level preheater 14, first order preheater 13 and described preliminary heater are exactly in fact evaporimeter, can be film-rising evaporator or downward film evaporator, and its structure is prior art, will not in burden at this.Workflow can be as follows: raw water is carried out flush distillation at first order preheater 13 by the cooling water heating that biomass burner produces high temperature hot gas or second level preheater 14, and after entering, second level preheater 14 is continued heating by high temperature hot gas condensate water; Finally evaporate completely entering in evaporimeter 1, finally input described steam generator 7 and export after vapor-liquid separating device and clean screen apparatus carry out removal aqueous water.Raw water distributes equably and enters evaporation tubulation in described first order preheater 13, second level preheater 14 and evaporimeter 1, forms the current of film-form in evaporation tubulation; These current, because thin so evaporated very soon, produce first and second steam respectively; Be not discharged to outside machine by the raw water evaporated.By the raw water evaporated, continue to rise in evaporimeter 1 inside turn, after described steam generator 7, export from steam delivery outlet 4 as pure steam.High temperature hot gas condenses into the heating source of high temperature hot gas condensate water as preheater after evaporimeter 1 is absorbed heat by raw water, and preheating material water is finally discharged from the noncondensing water exhaust outlet of preheater.The pure steam of the trace sampler 12 that is condensed is collected, and through and cooling water heat exchange, cooling becomes distilled water; Through the on-line checkingi of electrical conductivity, judge that whether pure steam is qualified.The indirect steam that raw water changes into is clean steam, and it is through three centrifugations: after entering evaporimeter at first, flow downward along tubulation, evaporate simultaneously, and this is separated first time; Turned back 180 degree, the lower end of evaporimeter by the raw water (indirect steam) evaporated, impurity under gravity, is split into bottom, and this is that second time is separated; By the raw water evaporated, i.e. indirect steam, continue to screw on liter in evaporimeter mid-game, the special separator place to middle and upper part, carry out third time separation.Have a kind of a part of gas that can not condense into water at raw water, be referred to as incoagulable gas, this part on-condensible gas, according to the difference of automatic controlling level, is provided with on-condensible gas continuous blow-down device at evaporimeter top.
Described steam-electric power unit can adopt high efficiency, high-revolving steam turbine, and speed is up to 12000rpm, and mechanical internal efficiency is up to 75%-80%.Power output can be changed according to the fluctuation of steam flow, not reason steam pressure, flow variation (50% rate of change) and shut down, greatly improve reliability and security.Condensing of bleeding can be designed as cogeneration of heat and power simultaneously, improve overall system efficiency.Unit is equipped with the hydraulic speed regulation system of function admirable, and perfect lubrication and cooling system, has structure simple, sturdy and durable, protects complete, stable performance, reliable, operation and the feature such as easy to maintenance.Supporting generating set must adopt brushless excitation technology manufacture and on capacity, fully take into account the condition of tropical warm, ensures to run reliably and with long-term.
Although the present invention describes with reference to specific embodiment, this description not meaning that is construed as limiting the present invention.With reference to description of the invention, other changes of the disclosed embodiments, all can expect for those skilled in the art, this change should belong in appended claims limited range.
Claims (5)
1. biomass efficient energy co-generation unit, comprise living beings feeding mechanism, steam raising plant and steam-electric power unit, it is characterized in that, biomass fuel is delivered to described steam raising plant combustion by conveyer belt and produces steam by described living beings feeding mechanism, described steam raising plant comprises biomass burner, evaporimeter and steam generator, described biomass burner provides hot gas to make the raw water in evaporimeter be evaporated to water vapour for evaporimeter, described evaporimeter is connected with steam generator, in the water vapour input steam generator that evaporimeter is produced, the steam delivery outlet of described steam generator is connected by the steam turbine of carrier pipe with steam-electric power unit, the port of export of described evaporimeter is connected with steam generator sidewall and communicates, and the arrival end of described evaporimeter and the bottom of described steam generator are connected by circulation pipe and communicate, arrange clean screen apparatus in described steam generator inner tip, described clean screen apparatus intersegmental part on described steam generator is partitioned into steam output region and steam produces space, described clean screen apparatus is provided with steam and emits outlet and steam delivery outlet, and described steam emits outlet and steam equipped at outlet port in same level, and described steam emits discharge ring to be around in outside described steam delivery outlet.
2. according to claim 1 biomass efficient energy co-generation unit, it is characterized in that, the steam of described turbine exhaust forms condensed water after condenser heat exchange, and the steam raising plant Inner eycle that described condensed water is inputted by water pump utilizes; Described condenser and cooling tower are connected to form cooling circuit, and described steam generator is connected with make-up water source.
3. according to claim 1 biomass efficient energy co-generation unit, it is characterized in that, emit outlet that screen pack is set at described steam, the aperture 0.2-2mm of the filter opening of described screen pack.
4., according to claim 1 biomass efficient energy co-generation unit, it is characterized in that, in described steam generator, vapor-liquid separating device is set.
5. according to claim 4 biomass efficient energy co-generation unit, it is characterized in that, the input port of described evaporimeter is connected with the steam outlet of second level preheater, the raw water input port of described second level preheater is connected with the steam outlet of first order preheater, and the raw water input port of described first order preheater is connected with supply-water pump; So the hot gas input port of first order preheater is connected with the cooling water delivery outlet of described second level preheater, the hot gas input port of described second level preheater is connected with described biomass burner.
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| CN104265379A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2015-01-07 | 钱诚 | Renewable energy source public service system |
| CN105003403B (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2018-11-16 | 三门县晶昌机械科技有限公司 | A kind of heat engine kinetic energy generator |
| CN112343670A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-09 | 天津市畅悦电子科技股份有限公司 | Biomass combustion steam power generation device |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| JPH0533901A (en) * | 1991-07-24 | 1993-02-09 | Shigehisa Tamahashi | Heating medium power generation method and device thereof |
| CN102373974A (en) * | 2010-08-08 | 2012-03-14 | 汤晓春 | Solar and biomass combined power generation system |
| CN102062416A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2011-05-18 | 朱朝绥 | Biomass direct combustion gasification reverse combustion furnace capable of saving energy and reducing emission |
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