CN103572328A - Apparatus for recovering low-temperature smoke waste heat energy in electrolytic aluminium technology - Google Patents
Apparatus for recovering low-temperature smoke waste heat energy in electrolytic aluminium technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103572328A CN103572328A CN201210257877.XA CN201210257877A CN103572328A CN 103572328 A CN103572328 A CN 103572328A CN 201210257877 A CN201210257877 A CN 201210257877A CN 103572328 A CN103572328 A CN 103572328A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an apparatus for recovering low-temperature smoke waste heat energy in electrolytic aluminium technology. A waste-heat recovery system bypass is arranged at an electrolytic tank smoke discharging mother pipe, and whether the bypass recovers the waste heat is controlled by switching the working system. A waste-heat recovery system employs hot water as the transmission working medium recovering the heat energy of the low-temperature smoke waste heat, and employs an organic working medium with a saturation temperature of 80-85 DEG C and a saturation pressure of 0.5-0.8 MPa as the organic circulation working medium for energy conversion, so that the smoke waste heat recovery and the power output are realized. The advantages of the apparatus comprise that: (1) the temperature of the smoke entering a deduster is reduced, the service life of a deduster material-filtering device is prolonged, and the investment cost on the deduster is redcued; and (2) the scattered heat energy generated because of temperature-reduced smoke is concentrated and recovered, and used for a booster fan of the smoke, so that the increased smoke resistance of a heat exchanger is overcome, the smoke supply pressure is increased, the load of a smoke main induced draught fan is reduced, the service power of the main induced draught fan is reduced, and the electric energy is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of metallurgy, is a kind of device that reclaims aluminum electrolysis technology low-temperature flue gas waste heat heat energy specifically.
Background technology
Electrolysis aluminum production enterprises is the generally acknowledged energy consumption rich and influential family in the whole world.In process of production, the energy of input only 40%～45% is utilized effectively, and the heat that flue gas is taken away roughly accounts for 15%～30% of whole electrolyzer system energy expenditure.Aluminium cell discharge flue-gas temperature is between 100～140 ℃, and smoke components is with N
2and O
2be main, contain a small amount of CO
2, CO, Ar and HF.
The flue gas of electrolyzer discharge need to carry out, after dust removal process, just can being disposed to atmosphere.Fly-ash separator entrance flue gas temperature is too high, can have a negative impact to the life-span of filtrate, increases investment and the maintenance cost of fly-ash separator.At present, electrolyzer, to the flue between fly-ash separator, is not all incubated, and object is to dissipate as much as possible heat, and fly-ash separator entrance flue gas temperature is reduced.
Aluminium cell discharge exhaust gas volumn is very large, and composition is relatively stable and dew-point temperature is lower, and it contains abundant cryogenic waste heat resource.Current electrolytic aluminium production process, this part heat is directly distributed to atmosphere, is not reasonably utilized.
In aluminum electrolysis industry, how rationally effectively to utilize this resource, be the principal element of restriction heat recovery technology.Development along with aluminum electrolyzation technology, Aluminum Electrolysis Production scale constantly expands, energy-conserving and emission-cutting technology also more and more causes the concern of the whole society, the energy that recovered flue gas is taken away, makes the aspects such as low-carbon environment-friendly formula production and all has important economy and social effect reduction aluminium industry energy consumption, raising Business Economic Benefit, response national policy.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of processing method of heat recovery, object is rationally effectively to reclaim the low-temperature flue gas waste heat heat energy of electrolyzer discharge, and this partial heat energy is applied among fume emission technique, reduce the energy consumption of Aluminum Electrolysis Production, increase economic efficiency.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution.
Reclaim the device of aluminum electrolysis technology low-temperature flue gas waste heat heat energy, on the female pipe of electrolyzer discharge flue gas, set up residual neat recovering system bypass, described residual neat recovering system comprises tubular heat exchange 1, softening water pump 2, organic working medium vaporizer 3, organic working medium force (forcing) pump 4, organic working medium condenser 5, industrial turbine machine 6, blower fan 7, water circulating pump 8, organic working medium liquid-storing box 9, fly-ash separator 10, cooling tower 11, softening water tank 12.By softening water pump 2, softening water is delivered to tubular heat exchange 1, the interior heat-exchanging tube bundle that arranges of described tubular heat exchange 1; By sweep of gases heat-exchanging tube bundle, make softening water be heated as the saturation water of 95 ℃, meanwhile, tubular heat exchange 1 exit gas temperature is down to 80 ℃.Described saturation water enters organic working medium vaporizer 3, transfers heat to organic working medium (as R123), and softening water is cooled to 85 ℃, returns in tubular heat exchange and recycles; In organic working medium vaporizer 3, organic working medium (as R123) is heated, and produces the saturated organic working medium steam of 0.5MPa, delivers to industrial turbine machine 6 and does work, and industrial turbine machine 6 drives blower fan 7 that flue gas is delivered to fly-ash separator 10 by shaft joint; Organic working medium in industrial turbine machine 6 after acting is 0.2MPa saturation steam, after organic working medium condenser 5 two-stages are cooling, enters organic working medium liquid-storing box 9; Organic working medium condenser 5 is comprised of two-stage cooler, the heat-eliminating medium of first step water cooler is to enter organic working medium vaporizer 3 organic working medium before, organic working medium force (forcing) pump 4 is first delivered to the organic working medium in organic working medium liquid-storing box the first step water cooler of organic working medium condenser 5, after the preheating of the saturated organic working medium steam of 0.2MPa after acting, enter organic working medium vaporizer 3, meanwhile, in first step water cooler, organic working medium is carried out pre-cooled to the saturated organic working medium steam of 0.2MPa; The heat-eliminating medium of second-stage cooler is industrial circulating water, and water circulating pump is delivered to organic working medium condenser 5 second-stage coolers by water coolant, further cooling to organic working medium steam, makes it to become normal temperature organic working medium liquid; Recirculated water after heat exchange, is back to cooling tower, carries out coolingly, recycles.
On the female pipe of electrolyzer discharge flue gas, arrange and cut off gate the flow direction of flue gas is switched, whether carry out waste heat recovery when to operation to control.
Shell and tube heat exchanger 1 is for being applicable to the shell and tube heat exchanger of electrolysis flue gas, heat transferring medium is softening water, import and export water temperature and be respectively 85 ℃ and 95 ℃, in interchanger, flue gas flow rate is 2-5m/s, heat-exchanging tube bundle adopts the wear-resistant steel pipe with fin, interchanger arranges soot blower and receives ash bucket, and soot blower source of the gas adopts the pressurized air of 0.6MPa.
Organic working medium condenser adopts the two-stage type of cooling, and wherein first step water cooler, when realizing cooling organic working medium steam, also plays the effect of the new organic working medium of preheating.
This residual neat recovering system is applicable to temperature of saturation 80-85 ℃, the organic working medium of saturation pressure 0.5-0.8MPa.
Utilize organic working medium saturation steam to promote the acting of industrial turbine machine, by driving blower fan to do work.
The present invention has the positive impact of former electrolysis process flue gas emission: (1) reduces the flue-gas temperature that enters fly-ash separator, extends the work-ing life of fly-ash separator filtrate, reduces the cost of investment of fly-ash separator; (2) flue-gas temperature is reduced and the heat dissipation capacity centralized recovery that produces, for the booster fan of flue gas, when overcoming the flue gas resistance that interchanger increases, increased the aspirated pressure of flue gas, reduce the load of flue gas main induced draft fan, reduced the use power of main induced draft fan, saves energy.
The present invention arranges waste heat recovery bypass on the female pipe of electrolyzer flue gas, by cutting off gate, the normal flow direction of flue gas is switched.Normal operating conditions is female pipe closing gate, opens bypass flue gate, and flue gas enters fly-ash separator through waste heat recovery bypass; When residual neat recovering system accident and while safeguarding, close bypass gate, open female pipe closer door, flue gas enters fly-ash separator through former female pipe, to guarantee the normal operation of electrolysis process.This invention easy switching, is not only applicable to newly-built Electrolytic Aluminium, is convenient to add this residual neat recovering system at original electrolytic aluminium factory yet.
The present invention adopts the shell and tube heat exchanger that is applicable to electrolysis flue gas, heat transferring medium is softening water, import and export water temperature and be respectively 85 ℃ and 95 ℃, in interchanger, flue gas flow rate is 2-5m/s, heat-exchanging tube bundle adopts the wear-resistant steel pipe with fin, interchanger arranges soot blower and receives ash bucket, and soot blower source of the gas adopts the pressurized air of 0.6MPa.
The present invention adopts the cooling organic working medium condenser of two-stage, and wherein first step water cooler, when realizing cooling organic working medium steam, also plays the effect of the new organic working medium of preheating.
The present invention is applicable to temperature of saturation 80-85 ℃, the organic working medium of saturation pressure 0.5-0.8MPa.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet that reclaims aluminum electrolysis technology low-temperature flue gas waste heat heat energy.
In figure: 1, tubular heat exchange; 2, softening water pump; 3, organic working medium vaporizer; 4, organic working medium force (forcing) pump; 5, organic working medium condenser; 6, industrial turbine machine; 7, blower fan; 8, water circulating pump; 9, organic working medium liquid-storing box; 10, fly-ash separator; 11, cooling tower; 12, softening water tank; 13, softening water small pump; 14, main smoke discharging blower fan.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Reclaim the device of aluminum electrolysis technology low-temperature flue gas waste heat heat energy, on the female pipe of electrolyzer discharge flue gas, set up residual neat recovering system bypass, described residual neat recovering system comprises tubular heat exchange 1, softening water pump 2, organic working medium vaporizer 3, organic working medium force (forcing) pump 4, organic working medium condenser 5, industrial turbine machine 6, blower fan 7, water circulating pump 8, organic working medium liquid-storing box 9, fly-ash separator 10, cooling tower 11, softening water tank 12.By softening water pump 2, softening water is delivered to tubular heat exchange 1, the interior heat-exchanging tube bundle that arranges of described tubular heat exchange 1; By sweep of gases heat-exchanging tube bundle, make softening water be heated as the saturation water of 95 ℃, meanwhile, tubular heat exchange 1 exit gas temperature is down to 80 ℃.Described saturation water enters organic working medium vaporizer 3, transfers heat to organic working medium (as R123), and softening water is cooled to 85 ℃, returns in tubular heat exchange and recycles; In organic working medium vaporizer 3, organic working medium (as R123) is heated, and produces the saturated organic working medium steam of 0.5MPa, delivers to industrial turbine machine 6 and does work, and industrial turbine machine 6 drives blower fan 7 that flue gas is delivered to fly-ash separator 10 by shaft joint; Organic working medium in industrial turbine machine 6 after acting is 0.2MPa saturation steam, after organic working medium condenser 5 two-stages are cooling, enters organic working medium liquid-storing box 9; Organic working medium condenser 5 is comprised of two-stage cooler, the heat-eliminating medium of first step water cooler is to enter organic working medium vaporizer 3 organic working medium before, organic working medium force (forcing) pump 4 is first delivered to the organic working medium in organic working medium liquid-storing box the first step water cooler of organic working medium condenser 5, after the preheating of the saturated organic working medium steam of 0.2MPa after acting, enter organic working medium vaporizer 3, meanwhile, in first step water cooler, organic working medium is carried out pre-cooled to the saturated organic working medium steam of 0.2MPa; The heat-eliminating medium of second-stage cooler is industrial circulating water, and water circulating pump is delivered to organic working medium condenser 5 second-stage coolers by water coolant, further cooling to organic working medium steam, makes it to become normal temperature organic working medium liquid; Recirculated water after heat exchange, is back to cooling tower, carries out coolingly, recycles.
On the female pipe of electrolyzer discharge flue gas, arrange and cut off gate the flow direction of flue gas is switched, whether carry out waste heat recovery when to operation to control.
Shell and tube heat exchanger 1 is for being applicable to the shell and tube heat exchanger of electrolysis flue gas, heat transferring medium is softening water, import and export water temperature and be respectively 85 ℃ and 95 ℃, in interchanger, flue gas flow rate is 2-5m/s, heat-exchanging tube bundle adopts the wear-resistant steel pipe with fin, interchanger arranges soot blower and receives ash bucket, and soot blower source of the gas adopts the pressurized air of 0.6MPa.
Organic working medium condenser adopts the two-stage type of cooling, and wherein first step water cooler, when realizing cooling organic working medium steam, also plays the effect of the new organic working medium of preheating.
This residual neat recovering system is applicable to temperature of saturation 80-85 ℃, the organic working medium of saturation pressure 0.5-0.8MPa.
Utilize organic working medium saturation steam to promote the acting of industrial turbine machine, by driving blower fan to do work.
As mentioned above, the present invention is mainly comprised of three systems, i.e. smoke heat exchanging system, the power output system based on organic rankie cycle, blower fan system.
1. smoke heat exchanging system
Smoke heat exchanging system is usingd water and is transmitted working medium as heat, and the waste heat of flue gas is reclaimed, and the numerical computation method of the heat energy that reclaims is as follows:
According to the Electrolytic Aluminium of different scales, suppose that electrolysis flue gas discharge flue gas flow is V
n, unit is Nm
3/ h; Smog discharge temperature is t
1, after heat-exchanger rig, smog discharge temperature is t
2, unit is ℃; Under mark state, the volume specific heat of flue gas is C
nV.The recyclable heat energy of flue gas is:
Q＝C
NVV
N(t
1-t
2)
Consider interchanger heat exchange efficiency η
1, actual recovered heat is:
Q
1＝η
1Q (kJ/h)
2. the power output system based on organic rankie cycle
Power output system, based on organic rankie cycle, utilizes lower boiling organic working medium circular work, by industrial turbine machine, realizes energy transformation, utilizes blower fan to carry out power output.The hot water that this system institute energy requirement is prepared by heat-exchange system provides, and the efficiency of supposing this device is η
2, the heat that this stage conversion is useful work is:
Q
2＝η
2Q
1 (kJ/h)
Being converted to output rating is:
3. blower fan system
Suppose that driving the efficiency of blower fan is η
3, the output rating of blower fan is:
P
2＝η
3P
1 (kW)
Driving the energy that the smoke exhaust fan acting stage exports to be the low-temperature flue gas waste heat heat energy that the present invention reclaims and utilizes in aluminum electrolysis technology is produced.
Comprehensive energy recovery process and the transmittance process in each stage above, the low-temperature flue gas waste heat heat energy mathematic(al) representation that the present invention reclaims and utilizes in aluminum electrolysis technology is produced is:
Claims (6)
1. a device that reclaims aluminum electrolysis technology low-temperature flue gas waste heat heat energy, it is characterized in that setting up residual neat recovering system bypass on the female pipe of electrolyzer discharge flue gas, described residual neat recovering system comprises tubular heat exchange (1), softening water pump (2), organic working medium vaporizer (3), organic working medium force (forcing) pump (4), organic working medium condenser (5), industrial turbine machine (6), blower fan (7), water circulating pump (8), organic working medium liquid-storing box (9), fly-ash separator (10), cooling tower (11), softening water tank (12); By softening water pump (2), softening water is delivered to tubular heat exchange (1), described tubular heat exchange arranges heat-exchanging tube bundle in (1); By sweep of gases heat-exchanging tube bundle, make softening water be heated as the saturation water of 95 ℃, meanwhile, tubular heat exchange (1) exit gas temperature is down to 80 ℃; Described saturation water enters organic working medium vaporizer (3), transfers heat to organic working medium, and softening water is cooled to 85 ℃, returns in tubular heat exchange and recycles; In organic working medium vaporizer (3), organic working medium is heated, and produces the saturated organic working medium steam of 0.5MPa, delivers to industrial turbine machine (6) and does work, and industrial turbine machine (6) drives blower fan (7) that flue gas is delivered to fly-ash separator (10) by shaft joint; Organic working medium in industrial turbine machine (6) after acting is 0.2MPa saturation steam, after organic working medium condenser (5) two-stage is cooling, enters organic working medium liquid-storing box (9); Organic working medium condenser (5) is comprised of two-stage cooler, the heat-eliminating medium of first step water cooler is for entering organic working medium vaporizer (3) organic working medium before, organic working medium force (forcing) pump (4) is first delivered to the organic working medium in organic working medium liquid-storing box the first step water cooler of organic working medium condenser (5), after the preheating of the saturated organic working medium steam of 0.2MPa after acting, enter organic working medium vaporizer (3), simultaneously, in first step water cooler, organic working medium is carried out pre-cooled to the saturated organic working medium steam of 0.2MPa; The heat-eliminating medium of second-stage cooler is industrial circulating water, and water circulating pump is delivered to organic working medium condenser (5) second-stage cooler by water coolant, further cooling to organic working medium steam, makes it to become normal temperature organic working medium liquid; Recirculated water after heat exchange, is back to cooling tower, carries out coolingly, recycles.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that arranging on the female pipe of electrolyzer discharge flue gas and cuts off gate the flow direction of flue gas is switched, and whether carries out waste heat recovery when to operation to control.
3. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that shell and tube heat exchanger (1) is for being applicable to the shell and tube heat exchanger of electrolysis flue gas, heat transferring medium is softening water, import and export water temperature and be respectively 85 ℃ and 95 ℃, in interchanger, flue gas flow rate is 2-5m/s, heat-exchanging tube bundle adopts the wear-resistant steel pipe with fin, and interchanger arranges soot blower and receives ash bucket, and soot blower source of the gas adopts the pressurized air of 0.6MPa.
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that organic working medium condenser (5) adopts the two-stage type of cooling, and wherein first step water cooler, when realizing cooling organic working medium steam, also plays the effect of the new organic working medium of preheating.
5. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that this residual neat recovering system is applicable to temperature of saturation 80-85 ℃, the organic working medium of saturation pressure 0.5-0.8MPa.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that utilizing organic working medium saturation steam to promote industrial turbine machine (6) acting, by driving blower fan (7) to do work.
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| CN201210257877.XA CN103572328B (en) | 2012-07-24 | 2012-07-24 | A kind of device reclaiming aluminum electrolysis technology low-temperature flue gas waste heat heat energy |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104141155A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-11-12 | 湖州织里荣华铝业有限公司 | Electrolytic aluminum exhaust gas treatment device |
| CN104913655A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-16 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Novel waste-heat utilization technique used in calcinations process of carbon technology |
| CN106591887A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-04-26 | 武汉光谷环保科技股份有限公司 | Aluminum electrolysis cell side wall waste heat power generation device based on organic flash evaporation circulation |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030183514A1 (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2003-10-02 | Aune Jan Arthur | Electrolytic cell for the production of aluminum and a method for maintaining a crust on a sidewall and for recovering electricity |
| CN102401590A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-04-04 | 昆明理工大学 | Power generation system for waste heat of medium and low temperature flue gas with heat pipe heat exchanger organic medium Rankine cycle |
| CN202254898U (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-05-30 | 无锡市广运环保机械有限公司 | Metallurgical furnace high temperature alternating smoke multistage organic rankine cycle waste heat power generation special hardware |
-
2012
- 2012-07-24 CN CN201210257877.XA patent/CN103572328B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030183514A1 (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2003-10-02 | Aune Jan Arthur | Electrolytic cell for the production of aluminum and a method for maintaining a crust on a sidewall and for recovering electricity |
| CN202254898U (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-05-30 | 无锡市广运环保机械有限公司 | Metallurgical furnace high temperature alternating smoke multistage organic rankine cycle waste heat power generation special hardware |
| CN102401590A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-04-04 | 昆明理工大学 | Power generation system for waste heat of medium and low temperature flue gas with heat pipe heat exchanger organic medium Rankine cycle |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104141155A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-11-12 | 湖州织里荣华铝业有限公司 | Electrolytic aluminum exhaust gas treatment device |
| CN104913655A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-16 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Novel waste-heat utilization technique used in calcinations process of carbon technology |
| CN106591887A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-04-26 | 武汉光谷环保科技股份有限公司 | Aluminum electrolysis cell side wall waste heat power generation device based on organic flash evaporation circulation |
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