CN212777382U - Waste incineration power station waste heat utilization system based on absorption heat pump - Google Patents
Waste incineration power station waste heat utilization system based on absorption heat pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN212777382U CN212777382U CN201921536299.7U CN201921536299U CN212777382U CN 212777382 U CN212777382 U CN 212777382U CN 201921536299 U CN201921536299 U CN 201921536299U CN 212777382 U CN212777382 U CN 212777382U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a waste incineration power station waste heat utilization system based on absorption heat pump belongs to power station energy saving and emission reduction, energy technical field, mainly includes absorption heat pump, flue gas cooler, air heater etc.. A flue gas cooler is arranged at the outlet of the bag-type dust collector, the exhaust smoke waste heat is recycled, the circulating water for absorbing the exhaust smoke waste heat is used as a high-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump, and the exhaust steam of a steam turbine is used as a low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump; in the heating season, the absorption heat pump is used for heating heat supply network water, in the non-heating season, the absorption heat pump is used for heating air, waste heat of exhaust smoke of waste incineration and cold end waste heat of partial steam exhaust of a steam turbine are effectively recycled, and deep waste heat utilization of waste incineration smoke is achieved. In conclusion, the whole system realizes efficient synergy of energy conservation, environmental protection and economy.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of power station energy saving and emission reduction, energy, in particular to waste incineration power station waste heat utilization system based on absorption heat pump.
Background
The problems of high investment, high consumption, high emission and low efficiency in power development promote the excavation of power plants with the energy-saving potential of the power plants being increasingly emphasized and the improvement of the operating efficiency of thermodynamic equipment. The modern steam power cycle mostly adopts measures such as ultrahigh main steam parameters, heat return, reheating and the like to improve the efficiency, but the efficiency of a waste incineration power station is still less than 20%, wherein after exhaust steam of a steam turbine enters a condenser, the energy discharged to the environment by being taken away by cooling water of the condenser accounts for more than 50% of the total energy; in addition, the heat loss of the boiler is a non-negligible part, and according to statistics, the heat loss of the exhaust smoke of the boiler accounts for 70% -80% of the total heat loss of the boiler. And when the exhaust gas temperature rises by 10-15 ℃, the boiler efficiency is reduced by 1%, and the standard coal consumption rises by 3-4 g/kWh, so that huge waste of coal for electric power is caused, and on the other hand, the safe operation of a preheater is influenced by overhigh exhaust gas temperature, the accident shutdown of the boiler is caused, the times of maintenance and shutdown are increased, and the safe and economic operation of a generator set is influenced. Therefore, the power station has a large amount of waste heat, and the waste heat recovery and utilization of the waste incineration power station are significant and very necessary no matter in consideration of economic development and safe and reliable operation of the power station or in view of energy conservation, consumption reduction and environmental protection; meanwhile, at present, a system for utilizing waste heat of a waste incineration power station does not exist.
In the aspect of heat supply technology, most thermal power plants generally adopt the extraction and condensation heat supply of directly heating heat supply network water after the steam exhausted by the intermediate pressure cylinder is reduced in pressure by the throttle valve, the grade of the steam exhausted by the intermediate pressure cylinder is much higher than that of the heat supply network water, the steam is in a mode of unmatched energy level, the steam entering a heat supply network heater has very high superheat degree and is matched with the heat supply network heaterThe temperature of the net water is not matched, and the steam is reduced through the throttle valve to generate great pressure
If the waste heat of the waste incineration power station can be recycled to undertake a part of heat supply tasks, the waste heat of exhaust smoke of the waste incineration and the cold end waste heat of a part of steam exhaust of the steam turbine are effectively recycled, the gradient utilization of the energy is realized, the steam extraction amount of the exhaust steam of the high-grade medium-pressure cylinder is reduced while the heat supply requirement is ensured, the energy utilization rate of the unit is improved, the energy consumption of the power plant is reduced, and the energy-saving steam turbine has important energy-saving potential and development significance. On the other hand, the technology of recycling waste heat to supply heat only has energy-saving potential in the heating season, and the recycled waste heat is used for other purposes in the non-heating season so as to realize waste heat recycling and effective utilization all the year round.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a waste heat utilization system of msw incineration power plant based on absorption heat pump, a serial communication port, the system mainly includes msw incineration boiler, the flue gas purification tower, the sack cleaner, the flue gas cooler, the chimney, the absorption heat pump, air heater, the return water pump, circulating water pump, first control valve, the second control valve, heat pump generator, the heat pump evaporimeter, the heat pump condenser, the heat pump absorber, the third control valve, the fourth control valve, the steam turbine, the generator, the condenser, backheat heater, the oxygen-eliminating device and msw incineration boiler steam pocket, a serial communication port, along the boiler flue, the flue gas purification tower, the sack cleaner, the flue gas cooler, the chimney are consecutive, the flue gas finally discharges to the atmosphere through the chimney; the high-temperature heat source side inlet of the heat pump generator is connected with the high-temperature circulating water outlet of the flue gas cooler, and the high-temperature heat source side outlet of the heat pump generator is connected with the circulating water inlet of the flue gas cooler through a circulating water pump; part of exhaust steam at the outlet of the steam turbine is connected with a heat source side inlet of the heat pump evaporator through a pipeline, and condensed water at the heat source side outlet of the heat pump evaporator returns to a condensed water pipeline behind the condenser through a pipeline; the hot water side inlet of the heat pump condenser is connected with the hot water side outlet of the heat pump absorber, and the hot water side inlet of the heat pump absorber is connected with the hot water return pipeline of the heat supply network through a pipeline; the steam turbine, the condenser, the regenerative heater and the deaerator are sequentially connected along the steam-water flow; the exhaust steam is cooled into condensed water in the condenser, the condensed water flows through the regenerative heater to be regenerated, enters the deaerator to be deaerated and then is sent into the waste incineration boiler, and the steam turbine drives the generator to generate electricity.
The hot fluid of the flue gas cooler is flue gas at the outlet of the bag-type dust collector, the cold fluid is circulating water after the pressure of the circulating water pump is increased, and the high-temperature circulating water at the outlet of the flue gas cooler enters the heat pump generator to be used as a high-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump.
And part of the exhaust steam at the outlet of the steam turbine is connected with the inlet at the heat source side of the heat pump evaporator through a pipeline, the exhaust steam is condensed in the heat pump evaporator to release heat, and the exhaust steam of the steam turbine is used as a low-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump.
The hot water side inlet of the absorption heat pump is a hot water side inlet of a heat pump absorber, and the hot water side outlet of the absorption heat pump is a hot water side outlet of a heat pump condenser.
In the heating season, the hot water side inlet of the absorption heat pump is connected with a heat supply network water return pipeline, and the hot water side outlet of the absorption heat pump is connected with a heat supply network water supply pipeline.
In a non-heating season, by switching the first control valve and the second control valve, the hot water side inlet of the absorption heat pump is connected with the water return pipeline of the air heater through the water return pump, and the hot water side outlet of the absorption heat pump is connected with the hot water side inlet of the air heater.
In non-heating seasons, steam extraction at the steam drum outlet of the waste incineration boiler and steam extraction at the first steam turbine do not enter the air heater by switching the third control valve and the fourth control valve.
In the heating season, the absorption heat pump uses the flue gas waste heat and the exhaust steam waste heat as driving forces to heat the heat supply network water to supply heat for residents, in the non-heating season, the absorption heat pump uses the flue gas waste heat and the exhaust steam waste heat as driving forces to heat air, and the heated air is sent to the waste incineration boiler.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the deep waste heat utilization of the waste incineration power station flue gas is realized. The absorption heat pump takes the circulating water which absorbs the heat of the exhaust smoke of the waste incineration boiler as a high-temperature driving heat source and takes the exhaust steam of the steam turbine as a low-temperature driving heat source, thereby effectively recycling the waste heat of the exhaust smoke and the waste heat of the cold end of a part of the exhaust steam of the steam turbine; the problem of serious waste of flue gas and exhaust steam waste heat of the existing waste incineration power plant is effectively solved, and the purposes of energy conservation and consumption reduction are achieved.
2. Aiming at the problems of energy level mismatching, large unit high-grade energy loss and the like in the pumping condensation heat supply method for directly heating heat supply network water after the exhaust steam of an intermediate pressure cylinder is reduced in pressure by a throttle valve, the system utilizes an absorption heat pump to heat the heat supply network water after recovering the waste heat of a waste incineration power station so as to supply heat for residents, and realizes the cascade utilization of energy while recovering the waste heat.
3. The system utilizes the recovered flue gas and the waste steam waste heat to heat the air in non-heating seasons, thereby not only realizing the purpose of exhausting and squeezing the extracted steam which is originally used for heating the air to enter the steam turbine to do work so as to increase the work doing amount of the steam turbine, but also realizing the purpose that the waste heat utilization system can be used for a long time to improve the comprehensive efficiency of the generator set when the generator set operates.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a waste heat utilization system of a waste incineration power station based on an absorption heat pump.
1-a waste incineration boiler, 2-a flue gas purification tower, 3-a bag-type dust collector, 4-a flue gas cooler, 5-a chimney, 6-an absorption heat pump, 7-an air heater, 8-a water return pump, 9-a circulating water pump, 10-a first control valve, 11-a second control valve, 12-a heat pump generator, 13-a heat pump evaporator, 14-a heat pump condenser, 15-a heat pump absorber, 16-a third control valve, 17-a fourth control valve, 18-a steam turbine, 19-a generator, 20-a condenser, 21-a regenerative heater, 22-a deaerator and 23-a waste incineration boiler steam drum.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a waste incineration power plant waste heat utilization system based on absorption heat pump, combine the figure and the detailed description mode to make further explanation to this system theory of operation below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a waste heat utilization system of a waste incineration power station based on an absorption heat pump. The system is characterized by mainly comprising a waste incineration boiler 1, a flue gas purification tower 2, a bag-type dust remover 3, a flue gas cooler 4, a chimney 5, an absorption heat pump 6, an air heater 7, a water return pump 8, a circulating water pump 9, a first control valve 10, a second control valve 11, a heat pump generator 12, a heat pump evaporator 13, a heat pump condenser 14, a heat pump absorber 15, a third control valve 16, a fourth control valve 17, a steam turbine 18, a generator 19, a condenser 20, a regenerative heater 21, a deaerator 22 and a waste incineration boiler steam drum 23, and is characterized in that the flue gas purification tower 2, the bag-type dust remover 3, the flue gas cooler 4 and the chimney 5 are sequentially connected along a boiler flue, and the flue gas is finally discharged to the atmosphere through the chimney 5; a high-temperature heat source side inlet of the heat pump generator 12 is connected with a high-temperature circulating water outlet of the flue gas cooler 4, and a high-temperature heat source side outlet of the heat pump generator 12 is connected with a circulating water inlet of the flue gas cooler 4 through a circulating water pump 9; a part of the exhaust steam at the outlet of the steam turbine 18 is connected with the heat source side inlet of the heat pump evaporator 13 through a pipeline, and the condensed water at the heat source side outlet of the heat pump evaporator 13 returns to the condensed water pipeline behind the condenser 20 through a pipeline; the hot water supply pipeline of the heat supply network is connected with a hot water side outlet of a heat pump condenser 14 through a pipeline, a hot water side inlet of the heat pump condenser 14 is connected with a hot water side outlet of a heat pump absorber 15, and a hot water side inlet of the heat pump absorber 15 is connected with a return water pipeline of the heat supply network through a pipeline; along the steam-water flow, a steam turbine 18, a condenser 20, a regenerative heater 21 and a deaerator 22 are connected in sequence; the exhaust steam is cooled into condensed water in the condenser 20, flows through the regenerative heater 21 for regenerative heating, enters the deaerator 22 for deaerating, and is sent to the waste incineration boiler 1, and the steam turbine 18 drives the generator 19 to generate power.
The hot fluid of the flue gas cooler 4 is flue gas at the outlet of the bag-type dust collector 3, the cold fluid is circulating water after the pressure of the circulating water pump 9 is increased, and the high-temperature circulating water at the outlet of the flue gas cooler 4 enters the heat pump generator 12 to be used as a high-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 6.
And a part of the exhaust steam at the outlet of the steam turbine 18 is connected with the heat source side inlet of the heat pump evaporator 13 through a pipeline, the exhaust steam is condensed in the heat pump evaporator 13 to release heat, and the exhaust steam of the steam turbine is used as a low-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 6.
The hot water side inlet of the absorption heat pump 6 is a hot water side inlet of a heat pump absorber 15, and the hot water side outlet of the absorption heat pump 6 is a hot water side outlet of a heat pump condenser 14.
In the heating season, the inlet of the hot water side of the absorption heat pump 6 is connected with a heat supply network water return pipeline, and the outlet of the hot water side of the absorption heat pump 6 is connected with a heat supply network water supply pipeline.
In a non-heating season, by switching the first control valve 10 and the second control valve 11, the hot water side inlet of the absorption heat pump 6 is connected with the water return pipeline of the air heater 7 through the water return pump 8, and the hot water side outlet of the absorption heat pump 6 is connected with the hot water side inlet of the air heater 7.
In the non-heating season, steam extraction at the outlet of the steam drum 23 of the waste incineration boiler and steam extraction at the steam turbine 18 do not enter the air heater 7 by switching the third control valve 16 and the fourth control valve 17.
In the heating season, the absorption heat pump 6 uses the flue gas waste heat and the exhaust steam waste heat as driving forces to heat the heat supply network water to supply heat for residents, in the non-heating season, the absorption heat pump 6 uses the flue gas waste heat and the exhaust steam waste heat as driving forces to heat air, and the heated air is sent to the waste incineration boiler 1.
The working process is as follows:
the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the bag-type dust collector 3 is about 150 ℃, the flue gas enters the flue gas cooler 4 to release heat to 90 ℃, the circulating water is heated to 130 ℃, the high-temperature circulating water at 130 ℃ is used as a high-temperature driving heat source, enters the heat pump generator 12 to release heat to 80 ℃, is boosted by the circulating water pump 9 and then enters the flue gas cooler 4 to absorb the heat of the flue gas. The exhaust steam of the steam turbine at about 30 ℃ is used as a low-temperature driving heat source, enters the heat pump evaporator 13 for condensation and heat release, is pressurized and then returns to a condensed water pipeline behind the condenser 20. In the heating season, return water of the heat supply network water at the temperature of about 50 ℃ flows into the heat pump absorber 15 and then flows through the heat pump condenser 14, the heat supply network water is heated to 90 ℃ in the absorption heat pump 6 and then flows out of the heat pump condenser 14, and the return water enters the water supply pipeline of the heat supply network to supply heat for residents. In the non-heating season, the circulating water of the air heater 7 enters the heat pump absorber 15, then flows through the heat pump condenser 14 to be heated to about 130 ℃, and then enters the hot water inlet of the air heater 7, after the cold air with the temperature of more than about 20 ℃ enters the air heater 7, the cold air can be heated to more than 100 ℃ by the circulating water with the temperature of about 130 ℃, and the heated air is sent to the waste incineration boiler 1 to help combustion.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The waste heat utilization system based on the absorption heat pump for the waste incineration power station mainly comprises a waste incineration boiler (1), a smoke purification tower (2), a bag-type dust remover (3), a smoke cooler (4), a chimney (5), an absorption heat pump (6), an air heater (7), a water return pump (8), a circulating water pump (9), a first control valve (10), a second control valve (11), a heat pump generator (12), a heat pump evaporator (13), a heat pump condenser (14), a heat pump absorber (15), a third control valve (16), a fourth control valve (17), a steam turbine (18), a generator (19), a condenser (20), a regenerative heater (21), a deaerator (22) and a waste incineration boiler steam drum (23), and is characterized in that the smoke purification tower (2), the bag-type dust remover (3), the smoke cooler (4) are arranged along a boiler flue, The chimneys (5) are connected in sequence, and the flue gas is finally discharged into the atmosphere through the chimneys (5); a high-temperature heat source side inlet of the heat pump generator (12) is connected with a high-temperature circulating water outlet of the flue gas cooler (4), and a high-temperature heat source side outlet of the heat pump generator (12) is connected with a circulating water inlet of the flue gas cooler (4) through a circulating water pump (9); a part of exhaust steam at the outlet of the steam turbine (18) is connected with a heat source side inlet of the heat pump evaporator (13) through a pipeline, and condensed water at the heat source side outlet of the heat pump evaporator (13) returns to a condensed water pipeline behind the condenser (20) through a pipeline; the hot water supply pipeline of the heat supply network is connected with a hot water side outlet of a heat pump condenser (14) through a pipeline, a hot water side inlet of the heat pump condenser (14) is connected with a hot water side outlet of a heat pump absorber (15), and a hot water side inlet of the heat pump absorber (15) is connected with a return water pipeline of the heat supply network through a pipeline; along the steam-water flow, a steam turbine (18), a condenser (20), a regenerative heater (21) and a deaerator (22) are connected in sequence; the exhaust steam is cooled into condensed water in a condenser (20), the condensed water flows through a regenerative heater (21) for regenerative heating, enters a deaerator (22) for deaerating, and is sent to a waste incineration boiler (1), and a turbine (18) drives a generator (19) to generate power.
2. The waste heat utilization system of the waste incineration power station based on the absorption heat pump as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hot fluid of the flue gas cooler (4) is flue gas at the outlet of the bag-type dust collector (3), the cold fluid is circulating water after the pressure of the circulating water pump (9), and the high-temperature circulating water at the outlet of the flue gas cooler (4) enters the heat pump generator (12) to be used as a high-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump (6).
3. The waste heat utilization system of the waste incineration power station based on the absorption heat pump as claimed in claim 1, wherein a part of the exhaust steam at the outlet of the steam turbine (18) is connected with the inlet of the heat source side of the heat pump evaporator (13) through a pipeline, the exhaust steam is condensed in the heat pump evaporator (13) to release heat, and the exhaust steam of the steam turbine is used as the low-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump (6).
4. The waste heat utilization system of the absorption heat pump-based waste incineration power station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hot water side inlet of the absorption heat pump (6) is a hot water side inlet of a heat pump absorber (15), and the hot water side outlet of the absorption heat pump (6) is a hot water side outlet of a heat pump condenser (14).
5. The waste heat utilization system of the absorption heat pump-based waste incineration power station as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the heating season, the hot water side inlet of the absorption heat pump (6) is connected with a heat supply network water return pipeline, and the hot water side outlet of the absorption heat pump (6) is connected with a heat supply network water supply pipeline.
6. The waste heat utilization system of the absorption heat pump-based waste incineration power station as claimed in claim 1, wherein in non-heating seasons, by switching the first control valve (10) and the second control valve (11), the hot water side inlet of the absorption heat pump (6) is connected with the water return pipeline of the air heater (7) through the water return pump (8), and the hot water side outlet of the absorption heat pump (6) is connected with the hot water side inlet of the air heater (7).
7. The absorption heat pump-based waste incineration power plant waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, wherein in non-heating seasons, the waste incineration boiler drum (23) outlet extraction steam and the steam turbine (18) extraction steam do not enter the air heater (7) by switching the third control valve (16) and the fourth control valve (17).
8. The waste heat utilization system of the absorption heat pump-based waste incineration power station is characterized in that in the heating season, the absorption heat pump (6) uses the flue gas waste heat and the exhaust steam waste heat as driving forces to heat the heat supply network water to supply heat to residents, in the non-heating season, the absorption heat pump (6) uses the flue gas waste heat and the exhaust steam waste heat as driving forces to heat air, and the heated air is sent to the waste incineration boiler (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921536299.7U CN212777382U (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | Waste incineration power station waste heat utilization system based on absorption heat pump |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921536299.7U CN212777382U (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | Waste incineration power station waste heat utilization system based on absorption heat pump |
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| CN212777382U true CN212777382U (en) | 2021-03-23 |
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| CN201921536299.7U Expired - Fee Related CN212777382U (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | Waste incineration power station waste heat utilization system based on absorption heat pump |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114165794A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-03-11 | 中国能源建设集团山西省电力勘测设计院有限公司 | Gradient recycling method for flue gas waste heat of household garbage incineration boiler |
-
2019
- 2019-09-17 CN CN201921536299.7U patent/CN212777382U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114165794A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-03-11 | 中国能源建设集团山西省电力勘测设计院有限公司 | Gradient recycling method for flue gas waste heat of household garbage incineration boiler |
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