CN215292608U - Waste heat recovery combined heat and power system based on organic Rankine cycle and absorption type heat exchange - Google Patents

Waste heat recovery combined heat and power system based on organic Rankine cycle and absorption type heat exchange Download PDF

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CN215292608U
CN215292608U CN202023192622.9U CN202023192622U CN215292608U CN 215292608 U CN215292608 U CN 215292608U CN 202023192622 U CN202023192622 U CN 202023192622U CN 215292608 U CN215292608 U CN 215292608U
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heat
heat exchanger
water
absorption
rankine cycle
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张志强
王玉
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Cecep Valeen Technology Co ltd
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Cecep Valeen Technology Co ltd
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14Combined heat and power generation [CHP]

Abstract

The utility model discloses a waste heat recovery combined heat and power system based on organic Rankine cycle and absorption heat exchange, which comprises an organic Rankine cycle power generation system and an absorption heat exchange system; the organic Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a first heat exchanger, an evaporator, a turboexpander, a generator, a condenser, an organic working medium circulating pump, a cooling tower and a cooling water bypass valve; the absorption type heat exchange system comprises an absorption type heat exchange unit, an intermediate water circulating pump, a second heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger. The utility model discloses an organic rankine cycle power generation system and absorption formula heat transfer system's coupling utilization reduces waste heat loss and energy resource consumption, has improved the energy utilization quality. A large amount of condensed water formed by the water vapor in the flue gas is recycled and can be used as reclaimed water after being treated, so that the waste phenomenon of water resources is reduced. The system has compact structure, simple operation and convenient maintenance, and can realize large-area popularization.

Description

Waste heat recovery combined heat and power system based on organic Rankine cycle and absorption type heat exchange
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an industry waste heat power generation technique and waste heat residual pressure utilization field, concretely relates to waste heat recovery combined heat and power system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption formula heat transfer.
Background
Currently, the main problems of low utilization efficiency, poor economic benefit and large ecological environment pressure still exist in energy utilization in China, the industrial energy consumption in China approximately accounts for 2/3 of the total energy consumption in China, and at least 50% of the industrial energy consumption is discarded by waste heat in various forms [ refer: zhou hong Chun, China clean heating industry development report, China economic Press, 2019 ].
The varieties of energy departments of industrial consumption comprise raw coal, coal washing, coke, oil products, natural gas, heat, electric power and the like, and from the source of waste heat resources, the varieties can be divided into six types, namely high-temperature flue gas waste heat and cooling medium waste heat, wherein the ratio of the high-temperature flue gas waste heat to the cooling medium waste heat is highest and respectively accounts for 50% and 20%, and the other sources are waste water and waste gas waste heat respectively account for 11%, chemical reaction waste heat 8%, combustible waste gas, waste liquid and waste material waste heat 7%, and high-temperature products and waste heat of furnace slag are 4%. From the grade of waste heat resources, about 46% is high-quality waste heat resources at 400 ℃ or above, and the rest about 54% is medium-low-quality waste heat resources at 400 ℃ or below.
Investigation shows that the low-grade waste heat of five major high-energy-consumption industrial departments accounts for about 40% of the energy consumption, i.e. in 2015, the amount of low-grade waste heat discharged per year is about 7.6 million tons of standard coal (amounting to 222.5 million GJ) [ reference: qinghua university building energy conservation research center, China building energy conservation annual development research report, China building industry Press, 2019 ].
At present, the country with the most waste heat utilization is the United states, the average recycling rate of waste heat resources in China is only about 30%, and the international advanced level lags behind is 20% -30%. In terms of waste heat utilization, China has a large utilization space. According to the temperature range of waste heat, the current industrial waste heat technology can be divided into a medium-high temperature waste heat recovery technology and a low-temperature waste heat recovery technology. The medium-high temperature waste heat recovery technology mainly comprises three technologies: waste heat boiler, gas turbine and high temperature air combustion technology. The low-temperature waste heat recovery technology mainly comprises organic working medium Rankine cycle power generation, a heat pump technology, a heat pipe technology, a temperature difference power generation technology and a thermoacoustic technology. Medium and high temperature waste heat power generation has already formed a relatively complete industry, and low temperature waste heat power generation and waste heat recovery are still in the primary stage, and the technology is immature, so that the waste heat is mostly directly discharged to the environment, and huge energy waste is caused.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at solving the above difficult problem, utilize organic rankine cycle power generation technique and absorption formula heat transfer technique, provide and retrieve the low temperature waste heat and use the cogeneration system of power generation and heat supply.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides a waste heat recovery combined heat and power system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption formula heat transfer.
Waste heat recovery combined heat and power system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption heat transfer, its characterized in that: the system comprises an organic Rankine cycle power generation system and an absorption type heat exchange system; the organic Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a first heat exchanger 1, an evaporator 3, a turboexpander 4, a generator 5, a condenser 6, an organic working medium circulating pump 7, a cooling tower 8 and a cooling water bypass valve 15; the absorption heat exchange system comprises an absorption heat exchange unit 9, an intermediate water circulating pump 10, a second heat exchanger 11 and a third heat exchanger 12.
In the organic Rankine cycle power generation system, a heat source side inlet of a first heat exchanger 1 is connected with a waste heat source pipeline, a heat source side outlet of the first heat exchanger 1 is connected to a heat source side inlet of a second heat exchanger 11, a heat source side outlet of the second heat exchanger 11 is connected with a heat source side inlet of a third heat exchanger 12, and a heat source side outlet of the third heat exchanger 12 is connected with a discharge pipeline.
The circulating water side of the first heat exchanger 1 is connected with the circulating water side of the evaporator 3 through a high-temperature water circulating pipeline, a working medium outlet of the evaporator 3 is connected with a working medium inlet of the turboexpander 4, and a working medium outlet of the turboexpander 4 is connected to a working medium inlet of the condenser 6; the working medium outlet of the condenser 6 is connected with the inlet of the organic working medium circulating pump, and the outlet of the organic working medium circulating pump 7 is connected to the working medium inlet of the evaporator 3; the turboexpander 4 is coaxially connected to the generator 5.
In the absorption heat exchange system, a driving heat source inlet of an absorption heat exchange unit is connected with a driving heat source pipeline, an intermediate water inlet of the absorption heat exchange unit is connected with an outlet of an intermediate water circulating pump, and an intermediate water outlet of the absorption heat exchange unit is respectively connected to an intermediate water inlet of a third heat exchanger, a water outlet of a cooling tower and a cooling water inlet of a condenser; the cooling water outlet of the condenser is respectively connected to the water inlet of the cooling tower and one end of the cooling water bypass valve, and the other end of the cooling water bypass valve is respectively connected to the intermediary water outlet of the third heat exchanger and the inlet of the intermediary water circulating pump.
And a heat supply network water inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with a heat return pipe, a heat supply network water outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to a heat supply network water inlet of the absorption heat exchanger unit, and a heat supply network water outlet of the absorption heat exchanger unit is connected with a heat supply pipe.
Furthermore, a high-temperature water circulating pump is arranged on the high-temperature water circulating pipeline.
Furthermore, a cooling water inlet regulating valve is arranged on a water inlet pipe of the cooling tower, and a cooling water outlet regulating valve is arranged on a water outlet pipe of the cooling tower.
Furthermore, a driving heat source outlet of the absorption heat exchanger unit is connected to a pipeline between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.
Preferably, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are dividing wall type heat exchangers, and all adopt corrosion-resistant materials.
Preferably, when the residual heat source is hot water with the temperature of more than 90 ℃, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are all water-water heat exchangers, the absorption heat exchanger unit is a steam type lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit, and the driving heat source of the absorption heat pump unit is high-temperature steam with the pressure of 0.17-0.8 MPa.
Preferably, when the waste heat source is flue gas with the temperature of more than 160 ℃, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are all flue gas-water heat exchangers and are provided with condensate water discharge ports, the absorption heat exchanger unit is a direct-combustion lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit, and the driving heat source of the absorption heat exchanger unit is natural gas.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the waste heat recovery combined heat and power system based on organic Rankine cycle and absorption heat exchange is used for recovering flue gas with the temperature of more than 160 ℃ and low-temperature waste heat of hot water with the temperature of more than 90 ℃ in a gradient mode, the waste heat recovery combined heat and power system is used for waste heat power generation and heat supply, coupling utilization of the organic Rankine cycle power generation system and the absorption heat exchange system is achieved, waste heat loss and energy consumption are reduced, and energy utilization quality is improved.
2. The system can realize deep recovery of the waste heat of the flue gas, the water vapor in the flue gas is condensed into water, the moisture content of the flue gas is reduced, the emission of soluble salts, sulfides, gel dust, micro dust and the like in the flue gas is reduced, white smoke plume formed by the flue gas is eliminated, and the influence of the emission of the flue gas on the environment is reduced.
3. A large amount of condensed water formed by the water vapor in the flue gas is recycled and can be used as reclaimed water after being treated, so that the waste phenomenon of water resources is reduced.
4. The system has compact structure, simple operation and convenient maintenance, and can realize large-area popularization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the waste heat recovery cogeneration system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption heat exchange of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are for explanation of the invention and are not limited to the following embodiments.
The utility model provides a waste heat recovery combined heat and power system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption formula heat transfer.
Waste heat recovery combined heat and power system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption heat transfer, its characterized in that: the system comprises an organic Rankine cycle power generation system and an absorption type heat exchange system; the organic Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a first heat exchanger 1, an evaporator 3, a turboexpander 4, a generator 5, a condenser 6, an organic working medium circulating pump 7, a cooling tower 8 and a cooling water bypass valve 15; the absorption heat exchange system comprises an absorption heat exchange unit 9, an intermediate water circulating pump 10, a second heat exchanger 11 and a third heat exchanger 12.
In the organic Rankine cycle power generation system, a heat source side inlet of a first heat exchanger 1 is connected with a waste heat source pipeline, a heat source side outlet of the first heat exchanger 1 is connected to a heat source side inlet of a second heat exchanger 11, a heat source side outlet of the second heat exchanger 11 is connected with a heat source side inlet of a third heat exchanger 12, and a heat source side outlet of the third heat exchanger 12 is connected with a discharge pipeline.
The circulating water side of the first heat exchanger 1 is connected with the circulating water side of the evaporator 3 through a high-temperature water circulating pipeline, a working medium outlet of the evaporator 3 is connected with a working medium inlet of the turboexpander 4, and a working medium outlet of the turboexpander 4 is connected to a working medium inlet of the condenser 6; the working medium outlet of the condenser 6 is connected with the inlet of the organic working medium circulating pump, and the outlet of the organic working medium circulating pump 7 is connected to the working medium inlet of the evaporator 3; the turboexpander 4 is coaxially connected to the generator 5.
In the absorption heat exchange system, a driving heat source inlet of an absorption heat exchange unit is connected with a driving heat source pipeline, an intermediate water inlet of the absorption heat exchange unit is connected with an outlet of an intermediate water circulating pump, and an intermediate water outlet of the absorption heat exchange unit is respectively connected to an intermediate water inlet of a third heat exchanger, a water outlet of a cooling tower and a cooling water inlet of a condenser; the cooling water outlet of the condenser is respectively connected to the water inlet of the cooling tower and one end of the cooling water bypass valve, and the other end of the cooling water bypass valve is respectively connected to the intermediary water outlet of the third heat exchanger and the inlet of the intermediary water circulating pump.
And a heat supply network water inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with a heat return pipe, a heat supply network water outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to a heat supply network water inlet of the absorption heat exchanger unit, and a heat supply network water outlet of the absorption heat exchanger unit is connected with a heat supply pipe.
Referring to fig. 1, the utility model provides a waste heat recovery combined heat and power system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption formula heat transfer, its system work flow is: the waste heat source enters the first heat exchanger through the waste heat source pipeline, when the waste heat source is hot water with the temperature of more than 90 ℃, the temperature of the waste hot water enters the first heat exchanger to exchange heat with high-temperature circulating water, then the temperature of the high-temperature circulating water is reduced to about 85 ℃, the temperature of the high-temperature circulating water is increased, and the waste heat is recovered; after the high-temperature circulating pump is used for supercharging, the high-temperature circulating water enters the evaporator to release heat, the organic working medium in the evaporator absorbs heat, is gasified and is conveyed to the turbo expander to do work, and the turbo expander drives the generator to operate and generate electricity; the organic working medium after acting and releasing heat in the turboexpander is changed into dead steam, the dead steam of the organic working medium enters a condenser to be condensed and liquefied, then the liquid working medium is conveyed back to an evaporator through an organic working medium circulating pump to recover waste heat, the organic working medium circulating process is completed, and the continuous circulation is repeated according to the above steps, so that primary waste heat recovery and organic Rankine cycle power generation are realized.
Under the working condition, the driving heat source of the absorption heat exchanger unit is high-temperature steam, and the high-temperature steam is condensed into liquid water after being released by the absorption heat exchanger unit. The waste heat water is cooled by the first heat exchanger and then mixed with condensed water, then enters the second heat exchanger, is further cooled after exchanging heat with the return water of the heat supply network in the second heat exchanger, realizes secondary waste heat recovery of partial waste heat water and the waste heat of the driving steam condensed water, and is used for heating the return water of the heat supply network for the first time.
After secondary waste heat recovery, waste heat water and drive steam condensate water enter a third heat exchanger for deep waste heat recovery, the final drainage temperature of the waste heat water and the condensate water is below 30 ℃, and the temperature of the intermediate water is increased after the waste heat is recovered.
In the condenser, cooling water absorbs the condensation heat of working medium exhaust steam to raise the temperature, the cooling water after raising the temperature is divided into two branches, and the cooling water of one branch directly enters the cooling tower to release heat and lower the temperature; the cooling water of the other bypass branch is mixed with the intermediate water after waste heat recovery, and the mixture enters the absorption heat exchanger unit to release heat after being pressurized by the intermediate water circulating pump, so that waste heat of the waste heat water, waste heat of the driving steam condensate and condensation heat of the organic Rankine cycle power generation system are simultaneously recovered to the absorption heat exchanger unit, the heat supply network backwater is heated again through the absorption heat exchanger unit, and then the heat supply network water is supplied out. After the absorption heat exchanger set releases heat and cools, the intermediate water is divided into a branch and mixed with the low-temperature outlet water of the cooling tower, and the mixture enters the condenser again to serve as cooling water to cool the dead steam of the organic working medium and absorb the condensation heat of the dead steam of the organic working medium; the intermediate water of the other branch returns to the third heat exchanger again to carry out deep recovery on the waste heat, and the circulation is repeated.
The flow of cooling water entering the cooling tower and the absorption heat exchanger unit is adjusted through the cooling water inlet adjusting valve, the cooling water outlet adjusting valve and the cooling water bypass valve, and then the effect of adjusting the waste heat recovery amount is achieved.
In addition, when the waste heat source is flue gas with the temperature of above 160 ℃, the temperature of the flue gas passing through the first heat exchanger is reduced to about 85 ℃, the primarily recovered flue gas waste heat is used for organic Rankine cycle power generation, the recovered flue gas waste heat is mainly sensible heat, and the organic Rankine cycle power generation process is the same as that when the waste heat source is hot water. At the moment, the driving heat source of the absorption heat exchanger unit is natural gas, after combustion, the driving natural gas of the absorption heat exchanger unit generates flue gas with higher temperature, and the flue gas is converged into the residual heat source and then sequentially enters the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger for flue gas waste heat recovery. After the mixed flue gas passes through the second heat exchanger, the flue gas waste heat is further recovered and used for heating the return water of the heat supply network for the first time, and the recovered flue gas waste heat is mainly sensible heat at the moment; after the mixed flue gas is subjected to deep waste heat recovery through the third heat exchanger, flue gas waste heat of a waste heat source, flue gas waste heat of driving natural gas and condensation heat of the organic Rankine cycle power generation system are all recovered to the absorption heat exchange unit, heat supply network return water is heated again through the absorption heat exchange unit, then heat supply network water is supplied out, and the condensation heat recovery process of the organic Rankine cycle power generation system is the same as that when the waste heat source is hot water. The flue gas waste heat recovered in the third heat exchanger mainly comprises latent heat and sensible heat, a large amount of condensate water can be generated in the deep recovery process of the flue gas waste heat, the condensate water is discharged through a condensate pipeline or is used as reclaimed water after being treated, the final discharge temperature of the flue gas is below 30 ℃, and the 'white elimination' of the flue gas can be realized.

Claims (9)

1. Waste heat recovery combined heat and power system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption heat transfer, its characterized in that: the system comprises an organic Rankine cycle power generation system and an absorption type heat exchange system; the organic Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a first heat exchanger, an evaporator, a turboexpander, a generator, a condenser, an organic working medium circulating pump, a cooling tower and a cooling water bypass valve; the absorption type heat exchange system comprises an absorption type heat exchange unit, an intermediate water circulating pump, a second heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger;
in the organic Rankine cycle power generation system, a heat source side inlet of a first heat exchanger is connected with a waste heat source pipeline, a heat source side outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to a heat source side inlet of a second heat exchanger, a heat source side outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with a heat source side inlet of a third heat exchanger, and a heat source side outlet of the third heat exchanger is connected with a discharge pipeline;
the circulating water side of the first heat exchanger is connected with the circulating water side of the evaporator through a high-temperature water circulating pipeline, a working medium outlet of the evaporator is connected with a working medium inlet of a turboexpander, and a working medium outlet of the turboexpander is connected to a working medium inlet of the condenser; the working medium outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of the organic working medium circulating pump, and the outlet of the organic working medium circulating pump is connected with the working medium inlet of the evaporator; the turboexpander is coaxially connected with the generator.
2. The waste heat recovery cogeneration system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption heat exchange of claim 1, wherein: in the absorption heat exchange system, a driving heat source inlet of an absorption heat exchange unit is connected with a driving heat source pipeline, an intermediate water inlet of the absorption heat exchange unit is connected with an outlet of an intermediate water circulating pump, and an intermediate water outlet of the absorption heat exchange unit is respectively connected to an intermediate water inlet of a third heat exchanger, a water outlet of a cooling tower and a cooling water inlet of a condenser; the cooling water outlet of the condenser is respectively connected to the water inlet of the cooling tower and one end of the cooling water bypass valve, and the other end of the cooling water bypass valve is respectively connected to the intermediary water outlet of the third heat exchanger and the inlet of the intermediary water circulating pump.
3. The waste heat recovery cogeneration system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption heat exchange of claim 1, wherein: and a heat supply network water inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with a heat return pipe, a heat supply network water outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to a heat supply network water inlet of the absorption heat exchanger unit, and a heat supply network water outlet of the absorption heat exchanger unit is connected with a heat supply pipe.
4. The waste heat recovery cogeneration system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption heat exchange of claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature water circulating pump is arranged on the high-temperature water circulating pipeline.
5. The waste heat recovery cogeneration system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption heat exchange of claim 1, wherein: a cooling water inlet regulating valve is arranged on a water inlet pipe of the cooling tower, and a cooling water outlet regulating valve is arranged on a water outlet pipe of the cooling tower.
6. The waste heat recovery cogeneration system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption heat exchange of claim 1, wherein: and a driving heat source outlet of the absorption heat exchanger unit is connected to a pipeline between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.
7. The waste heat recovery cogeneration system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption heat exchange of claim 1, wherein: the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are dividing wall type heat exchangers and all adopt corrosion-resistant materials.
8. The waste heat recovery cogeneration system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption heat exchange of claim 1, wherein: when the waste heat source is hot water with the temperature of more than 90 ℃, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are all water-water heat exchangers, the absorption heat exchanger unit is a steam type lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit, and the driving heat source is high-temperature steam with the pressure of 0.17-0.8 MPa.
9. The waste heat recovery cogeneration system based on organic rankine cycle and absorption heat exchange of claim 1, wherein: when the waste heat source is flue gas with the temperature of more than 160 ℃, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are all flue gas-water heat exchangers and are provided with condensed water discharge ports, the absorption heat exchanger unit is a direct-combustion lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit, and the driving heat source is natural gas.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115560494A (en) * 2022-12-06 2023-01-03 荏原冷热系统(中国)有限公司 Refrigerating system capable of secondarily utilizing waste heat

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115560494A (en) * 2022-12-06 2023-01-03 荏原冷热系统(中国)有限公司 Refrigerating system capable of secondarily utilizing waste heat

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