CN103560168A - Process for manufacturing PERC solar cell - Google Patents

Process for manufacturing PERC solar cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103560168A
CN103560168A CN201310501707.6A CN201310501707A CN103560168A CN 103560168 A CN103560168 A CN 103560168A CN 201310501707 A CN201310501707 A CN 201310501707A CN 103560168 A CN103560168 A CN 103560168A
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China
Prior art keywords
back side
silicon chip
solar cell
metal printing
reverse side
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Pending
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CN201310501707.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郑飞
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Clp Electric (yangzhou) Photovoltaic Co Ltd
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Clp Electric (yangzhou) Photovoltaic Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201310501707.6A priority Critical patent/CN103560168A/en
Publication of CN103560168A publication Critical patent/CN103560168A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1804Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0224Electrodes
    • H01L31/022408Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/022425Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H01L31/022441Electrode arrangements specially adapted for back-contact solar cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/547Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for manufacturing a PERC solar cell, and belongs to the technical field of silicon solar cells. The process is mainly characterized in that between the front film coating process and the front metal printing process, printing of reverse side metal printing conductive materials, reverse side film coating and reverse side metal printing are sequentially conducted on the reverse side of a silicon slice. The process sequence is optimized, firstly, the conductive materials are printed on the reverse side of the silicon slice, and then film coating passivation is conducted on the reverse side. A passivation layer can be automatically aligned with the conductive materials, and therefore laser or chemical slotting step and equipment investment are saved, eventually the reverse side of the silicon slice only needs to be printed or deposited with a small number of conductive materials without needing the conductive materials for the whole side like a traditional PERC cell, and the materials can be saved.

Description

The preparation technology of PERC solar cell
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation technology of PERC solar cell, belong to silicon solar cell technologies field.
Background technology
PERC battery is a kind of high performance solar batteries structure, the same with conventional solar cells, is all that silicon chip is processed, thereby forms the solar battery sheet with PN joint.
Common preparation PERC solar cell completes by following series of process step at present:
Quarter, front plated film, back side coating film, laser beam drilling (or printing etching slurry is slotted and cleans), back metal printing, front metal printing and sintering are thrown, spread, carried on the back to silicon wafer wool making, the back of the body.The mode of laser or chemistry fluting forms cavity at silicon chip back side, makes slurry can contact with silicon substrate the efficient back surface field of formation and raises the efficiency.In silk screen printing, efficient back-surface-field (BSF) paste had both been used to form the local back surface field that aluminium back surface field is also used to connect each dispersion simultaneously simultaneously, formed loss on material.
Summary of the invention
The preparation technology who the object of this invention is to provide a kind of PERC solar cell, overcome existing preparation PERC solar cell and need at silicon chip back side, form cavity by the mode of laser or chemistry fluting, slurry can be contacted with silicon substrate and form the above-mentioned deficiency that forms loss on material that efficient back surface field is raised the efficiency existence, by the present invention, realizing the back of the body passivating material of aiming at voluntarily deposits, and use different electrode materials, thereby while greatly reducing production PERC solar cell,, to equipment, the cost of explained hereafter and material drops into.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of preparation technology of PERC solar cell, be included in making herbs into wool on silicon chip, back of the body throwing, diffusion, carry on the back quarter, front plated film and front metal printing and sintering, it is characterized in that, between described front plated film and front metal typography, at silicon chip back side, carry out successively printing, back side coating film and the back metal printing of back metal printing conductive material.
Describedly at silicon chip back side, carry out back metal printing and refer at silicon chip back side and adopt back-surface-field (BSF) paste to print, back-surface-field (BSF) paste is aluminium paste.
Describedly at silicon chip back side, carry out back side coating film and refer to deposition one deck insulator, described insulator is silica or silicon nitride or aluminium oxide or titanium oxide or amorphous silicon or its lamination, growing method is oxidation growth (thermally grown), PCVD (PECVD), low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD), magnetron sputtering (sputter) rotating and depositing (spin on), jet deposition (spray on), owing to having stamped corresponding material at efficient back surface field place, insulator can be in these local depositions.
Back metal printing after described back side coating film refers at silicon chip back side employing electrocondution slurry prints or deposits, and electrocondution slurry is silver, aluminium, copper or their mixture.。
This patent, by Optimization Technology order, first carries out printing or the deposition of electric conducting material, and then plated film passivation is carried out in the back side at silicon chip back side.Like this, passivation layer can with electric conducting material auto-alignment before, thereby saved laser or step and the equipment investment of chemistry fluting.Finally, at silicon chip back side, can print a small amount of electric conducting material, and need the electric conducting material of whole without the traditional PERC battery of picture, thereby realize the object of saving material.
In sum, the present invention is highly to have reduced by following mode the production cost of efficient PERC battery, 1) saved laser or chemistry fluting step and equipment and operation cost of investment; 2) distinguish and form the material of back surface field and the electric conducting material of back electrode, thereby reduce material cost; 3), by the design of back electrode, reduce the use of electric conducting material, thereby reduce material cost; The present invention is by the improvement of processing step, realized the back of the body passivating material deposition of aiming at voluntarily, and used different electrode materials, thereby greatly reduced while producing PERC solar cell equipment, and the cost of explained hereafter and material drops into.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is silicon chip sectional view of the present invention, and front side of silicon wafer forms PN and saves and cover antireflective coating, and the positive electrode of printing formation, and the back side of silicon chip can form the slurry of efficient back surface field in the printing of the position of needs;
Fig. 2 be the present invention on the basis of Fig. 1, deposit overleaf one deck insulator and reduce back side recombination rate;
Fig. 3 be the present invention on the basis of Fig. 2, the upper electric conducting material at a low price of printing (or plating or magnetron sputtering) connects back surface field electrode overleaf;
Fig. 4 be the present invention on the basis of Fig. 3, by sintering, front electric conducting material is contacted with emitter and forms positive electrode, make the back side form efficient back of the body electric field, and make to carry on the back electric field and electric conducting material is connected to form negative electrode
In figure, 1 positive electrode, 2 PN joints, 3 silicon chips, 4 efficient back of the body electric fields, 5 back surface field electrodes, 6 negative electrodes.
Embodiment
Further illustrate in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments the present invention, final structure of the present invention as shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of solar silicon wafers, and silicon chip 3 is P type silicon chip, and its resistivity is 0.5-10 ohm-cm, and initial thickness is 50-250 μ m, and body minority carrier life time is greater than 0.5 ms.In preferred case (preferred embodiment), by chemical method (using KOH, NaOH, TMAH or similar liquid), make silicon chip surface reach the effect of making herbs into wool, to reduce reflectivity.Next, by the mode of High temperature diffusion, in the front of silicon chip, carry out N+ doping, form PN joint 2.Conventionally the degree of depth of PN joint 2 is 0.1-2 μ m, and square resistance is 5-150 ohm/square.Then, the N-type that silicon chip can remove silicon chip back side by wet etching is adulterated and removes positive phosphorosilicate glass, makes silicon chip back side reach certain polishing effect simultaneously, reduces backside surface recombination rate, improves battery efficiency.Then, in the front of silicon chip, grow or deposit the further reflectivity that reduces of recombination rate while that a kind of insulator lowers front surface.This insulator can be silica, silicon nitride, aluminium oxide, amorphous silicon or their lamination, and growing method can be oxidation growth (thermally grown), PCVD (PECVD), low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD), magnetron sputtering (sputter) etc.Then, the mode by silk screen printing stamps positive electrode (as: silver, aluminium, copper and their mixture) in the front of silicon chip, and the position needing at the back side of silicon chip stamps the aluminium paste that can form efficient back surface field.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of insulator of backside deposition at silicon chip lowers the recombination rate at the back side.This insulator can be silica, silicon nitride, aluminium oxide, titanium oxide, amorphous silicon or their lamination, and growing method can be oxidation growth (thermally grown), PCVD (PECVD), low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD), magnetron sputtering (sputter) rotating and depositing (spin on), jet deposition (spray on) etc.Owing to having stamped corresponding material at efficient back surface field place, insulator can be in these local depositions.
Legend 3 shows, the figure printing overleaf in advance, if efficient back surface field 4 cannot be joined together to form effective back electrode, that can, by silk screen printing, electroplate the modes such as magnetron sputtering, relevant position overleaf deposits cheap electric conducting material, as silver, aluminium, copper or their mixture.
Finally as shown in legend 4, by high temperature sintering, front electric conducting material is contacted with emitter and form positive electrode, make the back side form efficient back of the body electric field 5, and make to carry on the back electric field 5 and be connected to form negative electrode 6 with electric conducting material
In preferred case, N+ doping can be by the mode of Implantation, or the mode of laser doping realizes, and can form selective emitter simultaneously, and other are the same with preferred case.
In preferred version, if use N-type substrate, that diffusion will be used the doping of P type, and other are the same with preferred version.
In preferred version, if the local back surface field in the back side can form effective connection with back electrode, the processing step in that legend 3 is no longer required, and other are the same with preferred version.
In preferred version, during High temperature diffusion, solid, gas, the doped source of liquid can be used, and can use spray-on simultaneously, roll-on, the methods such as or spin-on are adulterated, and other are with preferably case is the same.
In preferred version, when using polysilicon as substrate, can pass through chemical method (using HNO3, HF, O3, H2O2, H2SO4 or similar liquid) and make silicon chip surface reach the effect of making herbs into wool, to reduce reflectivity, other are with preferably case is the same.

Claims (4)

1. the preparation technology of a PERC solar cell, be included in making herbs into wool on silicon chip, back of the body throwing, diffusion, carry on the back quarter, front plated film and front metal printing and sintering, it is characterized in that, between described front plated film and front metal typography, at silicon chip back side, carry out successively printing, back side coating film and the back metal printing of back metal printing conductive material.
2. the preparation technology of PERC solar cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that, describedly at silicon chip back side, carries out back metal printing and refers at silicon chip back side and adopt back-surface-field (BSF) paste to print, and back-surface-field (BSF) paste is aluminium paste.
3. the preparation technology of PERC solar cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described back side is carried out back side coating film and is referred to deposition one deck insulator, described insulator is silica or silicon nitride or aluminium oxide or titanium oxide or amorphous silicon or its lamination, growing method is oxidation growth (thermally grown), PCVD (PECVD), low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD), magnetron sputtering (sputter) rotating and depositing (spin on), jet deposition (spray on), owing to having stamped corresponding material at efficient back surface field place, insulator can be in these local depositions.
4. the preparation technology of PERC solar cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the back metal printing after described back side coating film refers at silicon chip back side employing electrocondution slurry prints, and electrocondution slurry is silver, aluminium, copper or their mixture.
CN201310501707.6A 2013-10-23 2013-10-23 Process for manufacturing PERC solar cell Pending CN103560168A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014206211A1 (en) * 2013-06-26 2014-12-31 英利集团有限公司 Back-passivated solar battery and manufacturing method therefor
CN110165016A (en) * 2019-04-15 2019-08-23 南通苏民新能源科技有限公司 It is a kind of for improving the production method of PERC battery
CN110854238A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-02-28 常州时创能源科技有限公司 Preparation method of monocrystalline silicon small cell
CN110943146A (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-03-31 通威太阳能(安徽)有限公司 Film coating method and manufacturing method of PERC solar cell and PERC solar cell
WO2020082756A1 (en) * 2018-10-24 2020-04-30 苏州腾晖光伏技术有限公司 Perc battery back passivation structure and preparation method therefor
CN112542530A (en) * 2020-12-01 2021-03-23 浙江晶科能源有限公司 Photovoltaic cell and preparation method thereof

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100243040A1 (en) * 2009-03-25 2010-09-30 Jong-Hwan Kim Solar cell and fabrication method thereof
WO2011087341A2 (en) * 2010-01-18 2011-07-21 현대중공업 주식회사 Method for fabricating a back contact solar cell
CN103077975A (en) * 2013-01-05 2013-05-01 中山大学 Low-cost n-type dual-side solar battery and preparation method thereof
CN103346210A (en) * 2013-06-26 2013-10-09 英利集团有限公司 Solar cell and manufacturing method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100243040A1 (en) * 2009-03-25 2010-09-30 Jong-Hwan Kim Solar cell and fabrication method thereof
WO2011087341A2 (en) * 2010-01-18 2011-07-21 현대중공업 주식회사 Method for fabricating a back contact solar cell
WO2011087341A3 (en) * 2010-01-18 2011-12-08 현대중공업 주식회사 Method for fabricating a back contact solar cell
CN103077975A (en) * 2013-01-05 2013-05-01 中山大学 Low-cost n-type dual-side solar battery and preparation method thereof
CN103346210A (en) * 2013-06-26 2013-10-09 英利集团有限公司 Solar cell and manufacturing method thereof

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014206211A1 (en) * 2013-06-26 2014-12-31 英利集团有限公司 Back-passivated solar battery and manufacturing method therefor
WO2020082756A1 (en) * 2018-10-24 2020-04-30 苏州腾晖光伏技术有限公司 Perc battery back passivation structure and preparation method therefor
CN110165016A (en) * 2019-04-15 2019-08-23 南通苏民新能源科技有限公司 It is a kind of for improving the production method of PERC battery
CN110854238A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-02-28 常州时创能源科技有限公司 Preparation method of monocrystalline silicon small cell
CN110854238B (en) * 2019-11-26 2022-04-26 常州时创能源股份有限公司 Preparation method of monocrystalline silicon small cell
CN110943146A (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-03-31 通威太阳能(安徽)有限公司 Film coating method and manufacturing method of PERC solar cell and PERC solar cell
CN112542530A (en) * 2020-12-01 2021-03-23 浙江晶科能源有限公司 Photovoltaic cell and preparation method thereof
CN112542530B (en) * 2020-12-01 2024-03-08 浙江晶科能源有限公司 Photovoltaic cell and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20140205