CN103547749A

CN103547749A - Vertical joint system and associated surface covering system

Info

Publication number: CN103547749A
Application number: CN201280024041.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 理查德·威廉·凯尔
Original assignee: Ai Nuo Tyke International Private Co Ltd
Current assignee: Valinge Innovation AB
Priority date: 2011-03-18
Filing date: 2012-03-16
Publication date: 2014-01-29
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-16
Also published as: PL2686502T3; RU2013146212A; WO2012126046A1; PL3597836T3; BR112013023790B1; EP2686502A4; JP2014513757A; EP3597836A1; EP2686502A1; KR101998335B1; CA2866109A1; SG193535A1; EP3597836B1; MY167150A; CA2866109C; KR20140050596A; RU2604358C2; BR112013023790A2; CL2013002698A1; CN103547749B

Abstract

A vertical joint system (10) for substrates (12) is formed with joints Jm and Jf which engaged by relative motion in a direction perpendicular to major surfaces (14) and (16) of the substrate (12). The joints are configured to enable relative rotation of up to (3) degrees (i.e. clockwise or anticlockwise) while maintaining engagement of the joints. The joints Jm and Jf are further configured to form two locking planes (18, 20) one on each of the inner and outer most sides of the joint. Engagement about the locking planes (18, 20) is provided by transverse outward extending surfaces Cm1, Cm2, Cf1 and Cf2. The surface Cf1 and Cf2 overhang the surfaces Cm1 and Cm2. At least one surface in each pair of engaging surfaces: Cf1 and Cm1; and, Cf2 and Cm2 is smoothly curved. The joints Jm and Jf can be further arranged to provide a third locking plane (74) parallel to and between the locking planes (18, 20). The joints are disengaged by combination of a downward rotation of one joint relative the other then application of a downward force. By virtue of these features flooring with the joint system can be laid on sub-surfaces which have undulations greater than current world industry standards. Additionally replacement of damaged substrates is possible by vertical lifting of damaged substrates without the need to pull up excess flooring from the closest wall to the damaged substrates.

Description

Longitudinal connected system and correlation surface covering system

Technical field

The present invention relates to longitudinal connected system of substrate, can make substrate link together side by side.This type of substrate includes but are not limited to and can be used as plank or the panel that floor, metope or ceiling covering are used.The invention still further relates to and use and the integrated substrate surface covering system of connected system.

Background technology

Latched floor overburden is comprised of polylith substrate, and every substrate all has identical connected system, for promoting the connection of adjacent substrate.These connected systems are comprised of first and second joint that are arranged on substrate opposite sides conventionally.The joint like this reason of configuration is, first joint on a substrate can with adjacent substrate on second joint engagement.Joint relies on the customized configuration of joint tongue, tongue-and-groove, protrusion, groove and barb, reaches the effect of interlocking engagement.

The connected system on floor can be divided into level (or " tiling ") connected system or longitudinal connected system conventionally.Horizontal connection system requires in being in substantially parallel relationship to the plane that comprises the main face of floor base plate (being horizontal plane) mobile, to reach and the intermeshing effect of adjacent substrate top connection.Yet longitudinally connected system requires to move and/or the application of force in the plane vertical with the main face of substrate, to reach the effect of joint engagement.Therefore, we must recognize, " longitudinally " word in the type connected system linguistic context is the same just as used in this specification, do not represent definitely vertical, but vertical with main of substrate.When substrate is placed on horizontal plane, " longitudinally " in this linguistic context also represents definitely vertical so.But the personnel that are good at this technology understand, substrate can be placed on other places, such as vertical planes such as upright walls, or the inclined plane such as inclination ceiling.In these cases, longitudinally the meaning of connected system is, by moving in the plane perpendicular to the main face of substrate and/or the application of force operates/meshes.

In addition, a kind of " standard " longitudinal connected system in addition, although its manufacturer may claim that this is longitudinal system, but this " standard " longitudinal connected system starts most need to be by laterally inserted another joint of joint, then with respect to another panel, rotate one of them panel, thereby intermeshing with the joint of adjacent panels, its separately main is all in same plane like this.

Above-mentioned background Technical Reference content does not represent to admit that present technique is the part general knowledge having known to general professional and technical personnel.The object of above-mentioned reference content does not lie in the application restric-tion of connected system disclosed occasion herein yet.

Summary of the invention

The present invention has described longitudinal connected system of substrate from many aspects.Longitudinally providing of surface coverage system is provided connected system, and convenient easily installation, is especially convenient to repair.For this reason, during repairing damaged substrate, can vertically lift impaired substrate, without the unnecessary floor of pull-up from the nearest wall of the impaired substrate of distance.

The present invention has also introduced longitudinal connected system of substrate from other aspects, intermeshing substrate is (clockwise or counterclockwise) rotation forward or backwards, keeps engagement simultaneously.

On the one hand, the longitudinal connected system of substrate providing has the first main face and two opposed surface of the second main face, and it is constructed as follows:

Along first and second asymmetric joint of substrate opposite sides expansion, first and second joint be through configuration, and two substrates that can make to have identical connected system are intermeshing, to tackle the power applying in the engagement direction vertical with main face;

For the first and second joints provide two separately through the spaced horizontal expansion surface of configuration, thereby the first joint of first substrate and the second joint of second substrate are meshed together, simultaneously according to two of the second joint horizontal expansion surfaces, determine the relative position on first two horizontal expansion surfaces of joint, with the inner side at each joint and outermost formation the first and second lock plane separately.Each lock plane is all parallel with engagement direction, wherein, the horizontal expansion surface being associated with each lock plane is from the opposite side of lock plane, direction horizontal expansion towards each other, and the horizontal expansion surface of the second joint is suspended from the horizontal expansion surface of the first joint, can in the situation that meshing, suppress by joint so separated, wherein, in the horizontal expansion surface being associated with each lock plane, have at least one to have crooked outline.

In one embodiment, horizontal expansion face, through configuration, can make two substrates that meshed at most relatively rotate 3 °, maintains the engagement of two substrates simultaneously.

In one embodiment, horizontal expansion face is through configuration, and the in-plane that can make one of them substrate having meshed place towards substrate, rotates 7 ° to 10 ° relative to another substrate, maintains the engagement of two substrates simultaneously.

In one embodiment, by the advantage of the symmetrical arrangements of first and second joint, each lock plane has at least a side to produce space.

The profile of the one or more horizontal expansion faces that are associated with at least one lock plane in one embodiment, is convex row shaped form.

In one embodiment, the profile of one of them horizontal expansion face of at least one lock plane is convex row shaped form, and the profile of another horizontal expansion face consists of one or more straight line.

In one embodiment, the profile of each horizontal expansion face is all convex row shaped form.

In one embodiment, the profile of two or more horizontal expansion faces is different convex row shaped forms.

In one embodiment, each joint is comprised of protrusion (extending towards engagement direction) and adjacent groove (forming along each side of substrate); Horizontal expansion face forms in the outermost surface of each protrusion and the innermost surface of each groove.

In one embodiment, the protrusion profile of first joint is bulbous, and neck width narrows down, and wherein a part for the horizontal expansion face on the protrusion of first joint is adjacent with neck outermost.

In one embodiment, the groove profile of second joint is bulbous, and neck width narrows down, and wherein a part for the horizontal expansion face on the groove of second joint is adjacent with neck outermost.

In one embodiment, plane comprises neck beeline straight line or each neck tilt for main face.

In one embodiment, the straight line that plane comprises neck beeline or each neck are in the plane with main face relative tilt.

In one embodiment, run through the shortest straight line of the distance of each neck parallel to each other.

In one embodiment, the short lines conllinear of distance that runs through each neck.

In one embodiment, each horizontal expansion face forms a part for flexure plane separately.

In one embodiment, between two horizontal expansion faces of first and second joints, formed the 3rd horizontal expansion face, its relative position has formed the 3rd lock plane between the first and second lock plane, wherein three the horizontal expansion face relevant to the 3rd lock plane be from the opposite of the 3rd lock plane along laterally extending mutually, the 3rd horizontal expansion face of second joint and the 3rd horizontal expansion of first joint in the face of neat or outstanding thereon.

In one embodiment, first can the 3rd lock plane of intermeshing formation through relative configuration with second joint, thereby prevent that the joint having meshed in the direction parallel with meshing direction is separated, the 3rd lock plane is parallel with second lock plane with first and be positioned between the two.

In one embodiment, first and second joint have all formed the 3rd horizontal expansion face, and wherein, in the joint having meshed, the 3rd horizontal expansion face extends to the relative both sides of the 3rd lock plane.

In second aspect, the longitudinal connected system of substrate providing has the first main face and two opposing faces of the second main face, being constructed as follows of this connected system:

First and second joint respectively have two through the spaced flexure plane of configuration, can make first joint of a substrate mesh with second joint of second substrate, and two flexure planes of first joint and two flexure planes of second joint mesh in inner side and outermost at each joint, thereby form first and second lock plane separately, each lock plane can independently contain that engagement tabs is separated towards the direction parallel with engagement direction, the direction of each lock plane is parallel with engagement direction, wherein the flexure plane relevant to each lock plane is positioned at the both sides of this lock plane.

In one embodiment, flexure plane, through configuration, can make two substrates that meshed at most relatively rotate 3 °, maintains the engagement of two substrates simultaneously.

In one embodiment, flexure plane is through configuration, and the in-plane that can make one of them substrate having meshed place at substrate, rotates 7 ° to 10 ° relative to another substrate, maintains the engagement of two substrates simultaneously.

In one embodiment, each joint comprises the 3rd flexure plane, and the 3rd flexure plane, can be intermeshing through relevant configuration separately, to form the 3rd lock plane between the first and second lock plane.

In one embodiment, by the symmetrical arrangements advantage of first and second joint, each lock plane has at least a side to produce space.

In one embodiment, have at least the profile of a flexure plane relevant to each lock plane to be full curve shape.

In one embodiment, a flexure plane relevant to lock plane is full curve shape, and the profile of another flexure plane of this lock plane consists of one or more straight line.

In one embodiment, the profile of each flexure plane is all full curve shape.

In one embodiment, each joint comprises a protrusion (extending towards engagement direction) and adjacent notches (forming along each side of substrate); In the outermost surface of each protrusion and the innermost surface of each groove, formed and first and second flexure planes that lock plane is relevant.

In one embodiment, the protrusion profile of first joint is bulbous, and its neck width narrows down, and has formed the part flexure plane on the protrusion of first joint along this neck outermost.

In one embodiment, the groove profile of second joint is bulbous, and its neck width narrows down, and has formed the part flexure plane on the groove of second joint along this neck outermost.

In one embodiment, plane comprises and runs through the shortest straight line of the distance of neck or each neck is positioned at and the plane of main face relative tilt.

In the third aspect, the longitudinal connected system of substrate providing has the first main face and two opposing faces of the second main face, being constructed as follows of this connected system:

Asymmetrical male connection and the female adapter of along substrate opposing face, extending, male connection and female adapter are through configuration, two substrates that can make to have identical connected system are intermeshing, to tackle the power applying in the engagement direction vertical with main face;

Male connection consists of positive protrusion (conventionally mainly vertically extending towards second main face from first) and positive groove (forming in positive protrusion inner side); Female adapter consists of cloudy protrusion (conventionally mainly vertically extending towards first main face from second) and cloudy groove (forming in cloudy protrusion inner side); In male connection, apart from its cloudy groove positive protrusion one side farthest, forming first positive locking surface, apart from its positive protrusion cloudy groove one side farthest, forming second positive locking surface, the 3rd positive locking surface is positive protrusion and the total surface of positive groove; In female adapter, apart from its positive protrusion cloudy groove one side farthest, forming first cloudy locking surface, apart from its cloudy groove positive protrusion one side farthest, forming second cloudy locking surface, the 3rd cloudy locking surface is cloudy protrusion and the total surface of cloudy groove; Locking surface is through configuration, when the male connection of two substrates and female adapter engagement, first positive locking surface and first cloudy locking surface mesh to form first lock plane, second positive locking surface and second cloudy locking surface mesh to form second lock plane, the 3rd positive locking surface and the 3rd cloudy locking surface engagement, between first and second lock plane, form the 3rd lock plane, each lock plane can contain that engagement tabs is separated towards the direction parallel with engagement direction.

In one embodiment, locking surface, through configuration, can make two substrates that meshed at most relatively rotate 3 °, maintains the engagement of two substrates simultaneously.

In one embodiment, locking surface, through configuration, can make one of them substrate having meshed towards the direction of the plane of substrate placement, relative to another substrate, rotates 7 ° to 10 °, maintains the engagement of two substrates simultaneously.

In one embodiment: in first positive locking surface and first cloudy locking surface, at least one has the horizontal expansion part of smooth curved; In second positive locking surface and second cloudy locking surface, at least one has the horizontal expansion part of smooth curved.

In one embodiment, a pair of first positive locking surface and first cloudy locking surface have the horizontal expansion part that comprises at least one flat surfaces in addition.

In one embodiment, a pair of second positive locking surface and second cloudy locking surface have the horizontal expansion part that comprises at least one flat surfaces in addition.

In one embodiment, first and second positive locking surfaces and cloudy locking surface respectively comprise the horizontal expansion part of a smooth curved.

In one embodiment, first positive locking surface, first cloudy locking surface, second positive locking surface and second cloudy locking surface respectively consist of a flexure plane; Wherein flexure plane is intermeshing, forms first and second lock plane.

In one embodiment, in the 3rd positive locking surface and the 3rd cloudy locking surface, at least one consists of flexure plane.

In fourth aspect, the longitudinal connected system of substrate providing has the first main face and two opposing faces of the second main face, being constructed as follows of this connected system:

First extension along the relative both sides of substrate and second asymmetric joint, first and second joint are through configuration, can make to have two of identical connected system or polylith substrate intermeshing, the power applying in the engagement direction vertical with main face with reply, can also by along with engagement opposite direction direction pull first substrate, thereby the substrate having meshed is departed from, be convenient to the adjacent substrate that meshed along two sideway swivels of first substrate, in the plane in tilting compared with first substrate, thereby towards engagement direction, meshing the application of force on second joint of substrate.

In one embodiment, first and second joint respectively have two through configuration along spaced horizontal expansion surface part, can make second joint engagement of first joint and second substrate of a substrate, and two horizontal expansion surfaces of first joint are relative with two horizontal expansion surface locations of second joint, thereby in each joint inner side and outermost formation the first and second lock plane separately, the direction of each lock plane is parallel with engagement direction, wherein the horizontal expansion part relevant to each lock plane is from the mutual horizontal expansion of opposite of lock plane, the horizontal expansion of second joint is partly suspended from the horizontal expansion part of first joint.

In one embodiment, first and second joint respectively have two through configuration along laterally spaced curved surface, can make second joint engagement of first joint and second substrate of a substrate, and two curved surfaces of first joint and two curved surfaces of second joint mesh in inner side and outermost at each joint, thereby form first and second lock plane separately, each lock plane can independently contain that engagement tabs is separated in the direction parallel with engagement direction, the direction of each lock plane is parallel with engagement direction, wherein the curved surface relevant to each lock plane is positioned at the both sides of this lock plane.

In one embodiment, first joint is male connection, and second joint is female adapter, and male connection consists of positive protrusion (conventionally mainly vertically extending towards second main face from first) and positive groove (forming in positive protrusion inner side); Female adapter consists of cloudy protrusion (conventionally mainly vertically extending towards first main face from second) and cloudy groove (forming in cloudy protrusion inner side); In male connection, apart from it, in cloudy groove positive protrusion one side farthest, forming first positive locking surface, apart from it, in positive protrusion cloudy groove one side farthest, forming second positive locking surface, the 3rd positive locking surface is positive protrusion and the total surface of positive groove; In female adapter, apart from it, in positive protrusion cloudy groove one side farthest, forming first cloudy locking surface, apart from it, in cloudy groove positive protrusion one side farthest, forming second cloudy locking surface, the 3rd cloudy locking surface is cloudy protrusion and the total surface of cloudy groove; Locking surface is through configuration, when the male connection of two substrates and female adapter engagement, first positive locking surface and first cloudy locking surface engagement, form first lock plane, second positive locking surface and second cloudy locking surface engagement, form second lock plane, the 3rd positive locking surface and the 3rd cloudy locking surface engagement, between first and second lock plane, form the 3rd lock plane, each lock plane can contain that engagement tabs is separated in the direction parallel with engagement direction.

In one embodiment, first and second joint, through configuration, can produce three lock plane when intermeshing, and each lock plane is parallel with engagement direction, and can contain that engagement tabs is separated in the direction with engagement opposite direction.

In one embodiment, when substrate is configured to have the rectangle of four edges or square substrate, first joint extends the length of two adjacent sides, and second joint extends the length of two adjacent sides of residue.

Aspect the 5th, the surface coverage being comprised of many substrates system is provided, according to any one aspect in the first to fourth and the tenth aspect, every substrate all possesses longitudinal connected system.

Aspect the 6th, semi-floating surface coverage system is provided, it is constructed as follows:

Polylith substrate, according to any one aspect in the first to fourth and the tenth aspect, every substrate has longitudinal connected system;

Be bonded at and can repeat bonding adhesive in a large number on first main face; With

Covering can repeat one or more released strips of bonding adhesive.

In one embodiment, can repeat bonding adhesive application in two or more pieces on the septal line of substrate longitudinal extension.

In one embodiment, can repeat bonding adhesive is applied on one of them septal line with continuous strip or pearl.

In one embodiment, can repeat bonding adhesive application on many straight lines, these straight lines interval each other evenly and be symmetrically distributed in around the longitudinal centre line of substrate.

In one embodiment, with first main face vertical survey, can repeat bonding adhesive thickness between 6 millimeters of 1 –.

In one embodiment, can repeat bonding adhesive thickness between 4 millimeters of 2 –.

In one embodiment, adhesive comprises a large amount of joint adhesives that are bonded at substrate and have released strip to cover, when the connected system of a substrate is connected with another connected system of pulling down the substrate of cover strip, the joint adhesive of a substrate can cling the joint of another substrate.

In one embodiment, substrate uses the material of selecting from solid wood, Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing, laminate material, bamboo, plastics and vinyl to make.

Aspect the 7th, the method for manufacturing semi-floating surface coverage substrate is provided, comprising:

According to the 5th aspect, provide surface coverage system;

By repeating in a large number bonding adhesive, be bonded on first main face; And use released strip to cover adhesive.

In one embodiment, adhesive is included on the two or more pieces septal line of substrate longitudinal extension and applies adhesive.

In one embodiment, adhesive is included at least one septal line of first main face, with continuous strip or beading application adhesive.

In one embodiment, method comprises with the unified thickness application adhesive between 1-6 millimeter (in the orientation measurement perpendicular to main face).

In one embodiment, method comprises the unified thickness application adhesive with 2-4 millimeter.

In one embodiment, method is included at least a portion joint adheres in a large number and can repeat bonding adhesive, use released strip to cover the adhesive on joint, can repeat bonding adhesive application on first substrate, when longitudinal connected system of first and second substrates links together and after the released strip that covers the adhesive of first substrate joint is removed, adhesive adheres on the joint of second substrate.

In eight aspect, the surface coverage being comprised of many substrates system is provided, and every substrate has: relative first and second main face, and wherein first main face is through arranging, face the lower support face and longitudinal connected system, being longitudinally constructed as follows of connected system that by system, are covered:

First extension along the relative both sides of substrate and second asymmetric joint, first and second joint are through configuration, can make two or polylith substrate intermeshing, the power applying in the engagement direction vertical with main face with reply, can also make the substrate separation of having meshed, method is: (a) in the direction with engagement opposite direction, mention first substrate, to promote adjacent meshing substrate along relative two sideway swivels of first substrate, thereby be arranged in the plane with first substrate relative tilt; (b) meshing in direction to second the joint application of force that meshes substrate subsequently.

In one embodiment, surface coverage system comprises that at least one connects (can unload) pillar on first substrate, this pillar has an axle, can be passed in the hole forming on first substrate, lower support face is exerted pressure, operate this pillar axle is passed to hole, thereby mention first substrate, form lower support face.

In an embodiment of surface coverage system, longitudinally connected system is consistent with any one aspect in the first to fourth and the tenth aspect.

In one embodiment, surface coverage system comprises the bonding adhesive that repeats being attached in a large number on first main face, and covers one or more released strip that can repeat bonding adhesive.

In one embodiment, surface coverage system comprises the bonding adhesive that repeats being attached in a large number on first and second joints or one of them joint, and covers and be attached to the released strip that repeats bonding adhesive on joint respectively.

In one embodiment, longitudinally connected system comprises the bonding adhesive that repeats being attached in a large number on first and second joints or one of them joint, and covers and be attached to the released strip that repeats bonding adhesive on joint respectively.

Aspect the 9th, for surface coverage system provides substrate, according to any one party face of the first to fourth and the tenth aspect, substrate comprises longitudinal connected system.

In one embodiment, substrate comprises the bonding adhesive that repeats being attached in a large number on the first and second joints or one of them joint, and covers and be attached to the released strip that repeats bonding adhesive on joint respectively.

In an embodiment of substrate, each joint that can repeat bonding adhesive for adhering to arranges groove, for holding the bonding adhesive that repeats adhering to.

In one embodiment, substrate comprises the bonding adhesive that repeats being attached in a large number on first main face, and covers one or more released strip that repeats bonding adhesive on first main face.

In one embodiment, longitudinally connected system comprises the coating of wax on joint surface, when this joint and the engagement of similar joint, can form the first and second lock plane.

In an embodiment of longitudinal connected system, every substrate is all provided with groove, and connected system is opened freely through configuration is scalable, so that have the corresponding prominence of second substrate of identical connected system, easily enters groove and engagement.

Aspect the tenth, the longitudinal connected system of substrate providing has the first main face and two opposing faces of the second main face, being constructed as follows of this connected system:

First and second joints, through configuration, can make two substrates that meshed at most relatively rotate 3 °, maintain the engagement of two substrates simultaneously.

In an embodiment aspect the tenth, first and second joint respectively have two along laterally spaced general convex surface, this convex surface is through configuration, can make second joint engagement of first joint and second substrate of a substrate, and two general convex surfaces of first joint are positioned at the relative position of two general convex surfaces of second joint, at each joint, inner side and outermost form first and second lock plane separately, each lock plane is parallel with engagement direction, wherein, the general convex surface relevant to each lock plane is from the mutual horizontal expansion in relative both sides of lock plane, the general convex surface of second joint is suspended from the general convex surface of first joint, to prevent that engagement tabs is separated, the curved shape of profile that wherein has a general convex surface relevant to each lock plane at least.

In an embodiment aspect the tenth, each joint is comprised of protrusion (extending along engagement direction) and adjacent notches (forming along each side of substrate); In the outermost surface of each protrusion and the innermost surface of each groove, formed horizontal expansion surface.

In an embodiment aspect the tenth, each groove is through configuration, scalablely opens freely, so that have the protrusion of the substrate of identical connected system, easily enters groove and engagement.

In an embodiment aspect the tenth, first and second joint be through configuration, between first and second lock plane, forms the 3rd lock plane.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Although listed any type of connected system that may be included within the scope of connected system in this summary, below, in connection with example and accompanying drawing, specific embodiment described:

Fig. 1 a is the panel sectional view in conjunction with longitudinal connected system embodiment;

Fig. 1 b is the cross-sectional view of two panel parts comprising the longitudinal connected system in engagement;

Fig. 2 is the isometric view of two panel parts comprising the longitudinal connected system in released state;

Fig. 3 a has illustrated the ability that meshes first direction rotation that panel is relative towards each other with longitudinal connected system;

Fig. 3 b has illustrated the ability that meshes second opposite spin that panel is relative towards each other with longitudinal connected system;

Fig. 4 a has illustrated the transverse bending effect that covers the substrate on supporting surface depression or recess;

Fig. 4 b is the details enlarged drawing of mark A in Fig. 4 a;

Fig. 4 c has illustrated when panel covers on soffit bulge or thrust, the transverse bending effect of panel;

Fig. 4 d is the details enlarged drawing of mark B in Fig. 4 c;

Fig. 4 e is schematic diagram, and between the longitudinal connected system that utilizes the connected system of prior art design and manufacture according to the embodiment of the present invention, the ability that effects on surface holds bulge or thrust contrasts;

Fig. 4 f is the details enlarged drawing of mark C in Fig. 4 e;

Fig. 4 g is schematic diagram, and between the longitudinal connected system that utilizes the connected system of prior art design and manufacture according to the embodiment of the present invention, the ability that effects on surface holds depression or recess contrasts;

Fig. 4 h is the details enlarged drawing of mark D in Fig. 4 g;

Fig. 5 a is the schematic diagram relatively side by side with the panel of the longitudinal connected system of basis that is ready to engagement;

Fig. 5 b-5e has described in order in conjunction with the longitudinal engagement step of the panel of connected system embodiment, and the initial contact point from Fig. 5 b is to the engagement completely in Fig. 5 e;

Fig. 5 f-5k has described the auto-alignment function of longitudinal connected system embodiment in order;

Fig. 5 l-5u is the Contrast on effect schematic diagram of the auto-alignment function between the embodiment of the present invention and prior art;

Fig. 6 a is the elevation that uses the substrate institute overlay area that the embodiment of this longitudinal connected system links together, and the panel that will dismantle;

Fig. 6 b is the view of A-A part on Fig. 6 a;

Fig. 6 c is the top view that the panel of pillar (can pull down panel) is housed;

Fig. 6 d-6s has described to pull down and change the step of the panel highlighting in Fig. 6 a in order;

Fig. 7 a is the lateral view of the pillar described in Fig. 6 c;

Fig. 7 b is the top view of the pillar described in Fig. 6 c;

Fig. 8 a is the lateral view of wedge tool (together using with pillar, for taking out the panel having meshed);

Fig. 8 b is the elevation of the wedge tool that shows in Fig. 8 a;

Fig. 9 a-9f has described the separating step of the panel that connected in order, and the initial engagement completely of describing from Fig. 9 a is to the complete released state showing in Fig. 9 f;

Figure 10 a has described the panel in conjunction with longitudinal second embodiment of connected system;

Figure 10 b has illustrated in conjunction with the longitudinally engagement of two panels of second embodiment of connected system;

Figure 11 a has described the panel in conjunction with longitudinal the 3rd embodiment of connected system;

Figure 11 b has illustrated in conjunction with the longitudinally engagement of two panels of the 3rd embodiment of connected system;

Figure 11 c has illustrated and the intermeshing panel of the 3rd connected system in embodiment has been installed along the ability of first direction rotation respect to one another;

Figure 11 d has illustrated and the intermeshing panel of the connected system in the 3rd embodiment has been installed along the ability of second opposite spin respect to one another;

Figure 12 a has described the panel that an agllutination closes longitudinal connected system the 4th embodiment;

Figure 12 b has illustrated in conjunction with the longitudinally engagement of two panels of the 4th embodiment of connected system;

Figure 13 a has described the panel that an agllutination closes longitudinal connected system the 5th embodiment;

Figure 13 b has illustrated in conjunction with the longitudinally engagement of two panels of the 5th embodiment of connected system;

Figure 14 a has described the panel that an agllutination closes longitudinal connected system the 6th embodiment;

Figure 14 b has illustrated in conjunction with the longitudinally engagement of two panels of the 6th embodiment of connected system;

Figure 15 a has described the panel that an agllutination closes longitudinal connected system the 7th embodiment;

Figure 15 b has illustrated in conjunction with the longitudinally engagement of two panels of the 7th embodiment of connected system;

Figure 16 a has described the panel that an agllutination closes longitudinal connected system the 8th embodiment;

Figure 16 b has illustrated in conjunction with the longitudinally engagement of two panels of the 8th embodiment of connected system;

Figure 17 a has described the panel that an agllutination closes longitudinal connected system the 9th embodiment;

Figure 17 b has illustrated in conjunction with the longitudinally engagement of two panels of the 9th embodiment of connected system;

Figure 17 c has schematically described the panel in conjunction with the different-thickness of longitudinal the 9th embodiment of connected system;

Figure 17 d has illustrated the engagement of two panels that show in Figure 17 c;

Figure 17 e be for description taken in conjunction several a series of exploded views that the panel engagement of different-thickness is provided of the 9th embodiment of longitudinal connected system.

Figure 18 a has described the panel that an agllutination closes longitudinal connected system the tenth embodiment;

Figure 18 b has illustrated in conjunction with the longitudinally engagement of two panels of the tenth embodiment of connected system;

Figure 19 a has described the panel that an agllutination closes connected system the 11 embodiment;

Figure 19 b has illustrated in conjunction with the longitudinally engagement of two panels of the 11 embodiment of connected system;

Figure 20 a has described the panel that an agllutination closes longitudinal connected system the 12 embodiment;

Figure 20 b has illustrated in conjunction with the longitudinally engagement of two panels of the 12 embodiment of connected system;

Figure 21 a has described the panel that an agllutination closes longitudinal connected system the 13 embodiment;

Figure 21 b has illustrated in conjunction with the longitudinally engagement of two panels of the 13 embodiment of connected system;

Figure 22 has illustrated in conjunction with the longitudinally engagement of two panels of the 15 embodiment of connected system;

Figure 23 a has described the panel that an agllutination closes longitudinal connected system the 14 embodiment;

Figure 23 b has illustrated in conjunction with the longitudinally engagement of two panels of the 14 embodiment of connected system;

Figure 23 c-23i has described in order in conjunction with longitudinal the 14 embodiment of connected system and has used the engagement of the panel that can repeat bonding adhesive with separated.

Figure 24 a has described an agllutination and has closed longitudinal connected system any embodiment and apply in addition the panel that strip can repeat bonding adhesive;

Figure 24 b is the view of the panel AA part that shows in Figure 24 a;

What Figure 24 c showed is in Figure 24 a and 24b, to be attached to the panel on lower support face;

Figure 25 a describes be an agllutination close longitudinal connected system any embodiment and in addition application strings pearl can repeat the panel of bonding adhesive;

What Figure 25 b showed is in Figure 25 a, to be attached to the panel on lower support face;

Figure 26 a-26e shows in order, is attached to the unloading process of the panel on lower support face in Figure 25 a and 25b; And

Figure 27 a describes with 27b the method that is connected panel laying floor of using.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 a-2 has illustrated that the longitudinal connected system 10(of substrate is hereinafter referred to as " connected system 10 ") first embodiment.Substrate is shown in the mode of viewgraph of cross-section, and this embodiment use is elongated rectangular panel 12.Substrate or panel 12 have two opposing faces, are respectively first main face 14 and second main face 16.14 and 16 two faces are plane, and parallel to each other.In one direction, face 14 is exposed surfaces of panel 12, and face 16 bears the pressure of supporting surface or braced structures, includes but not limited to concrete, timber, ceramic tile or vinyl floor or batten.Connected system 10 is comprised of first joint Jm and second asymmetric joint Jf.Theoretically, first joint Jm can be considered male connection, and second joint Jf can be considered female adapter.Name reason that after a while can brief explanation joint.

The shape of supposing substrate is quadrangle, and joint Jm extends along two adjacent sides, and joint Jf extends along remaining two adjacent sides.For example, as shown in Fig. 1 b and 1c, substrate be shaped as elongated rectangular floor time, joint Jm extends along the longitudinal edge of rectangle and adjacent transverse limit, joint Jf along another (contrary) longitudinally and another (on the contrary) adjacent transverse limit extension.

As shown in Figure 1 b, first joint Jm of first panel 12a is intermeshing with second joint Jf of second panel 12b with identical connected system 10.For convenience,

panel

12a and 12b will be referred to as " panel 12 ".

First joint Jm and second joint Jf are through configuration, can make two panel 12(is

panel

12a and 12b) be engaged with each other, thereby the institute's applied pressure on the reply engagement direction D vertical with 16 with main face 14 or power F(are referring to Fig. 5), after a while general this is explained in more detail.If panel 12 is floor panels, direction D is positioned on vertical plane, and more particularly, this direction is pointed to the plane that panel is placed down.This is equivalent to, and joint Jm and Jf relatively move in the vertical direction of the plane with comprising main face by one of them joint, thereby mesh together.

Joint Jm comprises a positive protrusion Pm and positive recess R m, and joint Jf consists of cloudy protrusion Pf and cloudy recess R f.Theoretically, first joint Jm is because the protrusion Pm of its upper surface 14 is designated as male connection, and second joint Jf is because the groove of the engageable protrusion Jm of its configuration is designated as female adapter.

When describing the common function of all protrusions or feature, no matter single plural number, this manual is referred to as " protrusion P " without exception.When describing the fluted common function of institute or feature, no matter single plural, this manual is referred to as " recess R " without exception.When describing the common function of all joints or feature, no matter single plural number, this manual is referred to as " joint J " without exception.

Male connection Jm have first, second and the 3rd positive locking surface, be respectively that ML1, ML2 and ML3(are referred to as " positive locking surface ML ").Each positive locking surface ML constantly extends along the direction vertical with main face cardinal principle.Equally, female adapter Jf have first, second and the 3rd cloudy locking surface, be respectively that FL1, FL2 and FL3(are referred to as " cloudy locking surface FL ").Sun locking surface and cloudy locking surface are referred to as locking surface L.

Each locking surface L constantly extends along the direction vertical with main face cardinal principle.In the linguistic context of positive locking surface and cloudy locking surface, " constantly along the direction vertical with main face cardinal principle, extend " and be intended to represent, locking surface constantly extends between two relative main, therefore this surface only can be extended along certain direction, all the time along face 14 to the direction of face 16 or contrary direction.So, return the situation that can not there is barb or hook formation as surface.

Sun locking surface ML1 starts to extend from the edge of main face 14 bump, adjacent thing Pm, and is moved downward to the adjacent side of protrusion Pm, so that the face at protrusion Pm place is greater than 45o with respect to the steering angle of the vertical direction of main face 14.It should be noted that locking surface ML1 constantly extends along the direction vertical with main face 14 cardinal principles, can not return.Therefore, each on face ML1 point is positioned at different horizontal planes.In contrast, if contain hook-shaped structure or barb, corresponding surface can be determined according to s own situation, and the plane parallel with main face 14 may be inserted surface from three differences.

Sun locking surface ML2 extends to certain point recess R m deepest part along the adjacent side of recess R m from second main face 16, and the steering angle relative with protrusion Pm is greater than 45o.Finally, the 3rd positive locking surface ML3 is along protrusion Pm and Rm shares or extend on common surface, the deep-seated of recess R m put or be approximately greater than from protrusion Pm position vertical duction angle farthest 45o in face of be decided to be terminal.

First meshes in lock plane separately with second positive locking surface and cloudy locking surface, and the joint Jm that containment has been meshed is separated in vertical direction with Jf.The 3rd positive lock plane and cloudy lock plane ML3 and FL3 also can be configured, thereby form the 3rd lock plane.In addition, the lock plane L in different embodiment comprises curved surface, and curved surface consists of horizontal extension faces such as convex surface or cam surface or crownings.Below the relation between locking surface L, curved surface and horizontal extension surface has been explained in statement in detail.

By more carefully observing first and second joint Jm and Jf(, be referred to as " joint J "), we can find, each joint is equipped with two along spaced horizontal extension surface or bossing.Horizontal expansion rat part is transverse shifting usually, and contact each other, sometimes also can roll or rotate, and therefore also can think or be defined as " cam face ".Two horizontal extension faces on first joint Jm are called as Cm1 and Cm2, and the horizontal expansion face on joint Jf is called as Cf1 and Cf2.In a lot of embodiment, horizontal expansion face is all smooth curved convex surfaces.But, below the just embodiment on the horizontal expansion surface of some other configurations that explains in detail.For example, horizontal expansion surface is not generally all continuous or smooth flexure plane, but consists of one or more planarea/flat surfaces, so this plane is totally curved surface shape.For ease of reference, the horizontal expansion surface on male connection Jm is referred to as " surface C mi " (wherein, alphabetical i is 1,2,3 etc.); Similarly, the horizontal expansion surface on female adapter Jf is referred to as " surface C fi " (wherein, alphabetical i is 1,2,3 etc.).

Surface C m1 forms on first joint Jm protrusion Pm, and surface C m2 forms on joint Jm recess R m.Equally, surface C f2 forms on joint Jf protrusion Pf, and surface C f1 forms on the recess R f of second joint Jf.(easy in order to narrate, surface C m2 and Cm1 are referred to as " surface C m "; Surface C f1 and Cf2 are referred to as " surface C f "; Surface C m2, Cm1, Cf1 and Cf2 are all referred to as " surface C ").

That Fig. 1 b shows is the joint J under engagement.It is evident that, joint J is when engagement, position relative to each other, horizontal expansion surface separately, forms respectively first and

second lock plane

18 and 20 separately, thereby the joint that containment has been meshed is separated in the direction contrary with engagement direction D.

Each

lock plane

18,20 is parallel with engagement direction D.Horizontal expansion surface C m1, Cf1, Cm2 and the Cf2 associated with each lock plane each other can be from the relative both sides horizontal expansion of lock plane, and wherein the horizontal expansion surface of second or female adapter (being Cf1 and Cf2) is positioned on first or male connection (being Cm1 and Cm2) horizontal expansion surface.Can contain that like this engagement tabs Jm's and Jf is separated.It should be noted that equally in the horizontal expansion surface associated with each lock plane has at least a surface to have crooked outline.In this example, the surface C f1 associated with lock plane 18 and be curved shape with the associated surface C f2 of lock plane 20 and the profile of Cm2.

When joint Jm and Jf engagement, surface C m1 and Cm2 pass and block surface C f1 and Cf2.Along with surface C m is through surface C f, when the power F applying is produced to response, by the elasticity tension of protrusion Pm and Pf or the elastic compression of one of them and recess R m and Rf, can realize this operation.As for one in protrusion Pm and Pf and recess R m and Rf or both produce elastic compression or elasticity tension, to depend on the making material of panel 12.For example, if panel is to make (as heavy bamboo) by extremely stiff or hard material, the compressive force of protrusion P is less, but the tension force of recess R is enough to make self open or expand, so that engagement smoothly.Can provide sliding agent to help protrusion P to enter smoothly recess R, as waxed on joint Jm and Jf.Make with lubricator, especially wax, not only can significantly reduce the noise that joint sends, and can also make the joint J of adjacent engagement rotate each other.Rotatablely move and will introduce after a while in this manual.

Recess R mesh bulge thing P separately can contain the horizontal separation between engagement tabs Jm and Jf.Joint Jm and Jf are also furnished with respectively plane abutment surface 24 and 26.Extend with 26 opposite edges along main face 14 are vertical on surface 24.In addition, surface C m and Cf are through configuration separately, and on surface, 24 and 26 produce transverse compression power, thereby allow these two surfaces be in contact with one another, and prevent from bearing gap between

connection panel

12a and 12b.

Therefore, as mentioned above, when joint Jm separately of

panel

12a and 12b and Jf are intermeshing, surface C m plays vertical and containment centrifugation horizontal direction with the common counter plate of Cf.But in addition,, when maintaining the engagement of panel 12, surface C m and Cf can limit the relative rotation between

panel

12a and 12b.

As shown in Figure 3 a, with respect to panel 12b, the anglec of rotation of panel 12a is rotated counterclockwise 3o for+3o().Upper corner with surface 24 on surface 26 pivots, and contributes to integral-rotation.This can make protrusion Pm be rotated in recess R f, and can cause cam surface Cm2 to move or roll, but the peak that can not cross surface C f2.Bossing Pf just in time embeds between surface C m2 and Cm3 now.In this configuration, because this pinch effect and surface C m1 still remain on below surface C f1, can contain separated with in 12b vertical direction of substrate 12a.Protrusion Pm and Pf still in recess R m and Rf separately, therefore can keep substrate pining down in the horizontal direction.

As shown in Figure 3 b, the anglec of rotation that panel 12a is relative with panel 12b is-3o(clockwise direction rotation 3o).Face Cm2 rolls downwards, and as central point or the fulcrum of joint Jf mono-side that comprises face Cm2, this is played to facilitation.This can make face 24 separated with 26, thereby produces gap on upper main face 14.However, panel 12a still keeps the engagement in vertical and horizontal direction with 12b.The engagement that face Cm2 and Cf2 and face Cm1 and Cf1 keep maintains between substrate pining down in vertical direction.Protrusion Pm and Pf are in recess R f and Rm separately, to keep the holdback force in horizontal direction.

Relative rotary motion between

panel

12a and 12b plays great booster action in the process that substrate is installed, especially in rough situation, and rough concrete floor for example.Although benefit determines because of professional rank, the user for " doing it yourself " type, this point is just most important.For example, suppose on up-and-down surface, to lay the latched floor overburden that prior art connected system has been installed, from side, insert joint tongue, or joint tongue oblique cutting is entered in tongue-and-groove or groove.Ground injustice likely shows as surface depression, or part surface is more shallow, and width is also several times of panel width.According to the degree of concave surface or gradient, if can not " treat " to lay in the tongue-and-groove of panel before the insertion of installation panel joint tongue, its installation difficulty will be very large.Because two panels are not positioned at same plane, but arrange at an angle each other because of concavity, be therefore easy to occur this problem.

In addition, when installation length is about 1 meter or longer floor on plane surface not, due to setter, goes down on one's knees and attempt to lay lower floorboard, the floor of before installing is bending or transverse bending up and down.Because lower surface is uneven, the body weight of setter can make the floor of going down on one's knees occur crooked.Effect as shown in Fig. 4 a to 4d.Fig. 4 a and 4b show uneven surface sagging or when depression, and transverse bending appears in panel 12x outside.When Fig. 4 c and 4d show uneven rat, there is transverse bending in panel 12x inner side.Merit attention, occur that bending can make to become difficulty incomparably with the longitudinal closely engagement of vicinity panel completely.In these cases, even the setter of specialty difficulties all when laying floor needs to rely on very strong muscle power and rich experience.Do-it-yourself setter usually can gave up halfway, is not with floor, cannot " mesh " to serve as reasons to be returned retailer, pays the bill exactly to seek the help of professional setter.

Fig. 4 e to 4h has shown compared with prior art, the relative verticity effect of adapter system 10.Conventional floor system can regulate depression or the projection of lower basal plate.For example, have depression or the projection of 5 millimeters of 3 – on 1 meter of long concrete floor, this is industry standard.When concavo-convex degree is larger, not being to adopt a lot of advanced technology systems, is exactly at least to make to install to become very difficult.Suppose to install, but male and fomale(M&F) can make advanced adapter system separated in the horizontal direction subsequently gradually, thereby produce gap.Particularly, if male and fomale(M&F) is with the form appearance of projection or fluctuating, between adjacent panels and/or crack, will there is horizontal separation, or the possibility of joint cut-out.If male and fomale(M&F) is concavity, due to pulling force excessive on joint, advanced technology joint likely can cut off or rupture.

As shown in Fig. 4 e to 4h (be only schematic diagram, and not drawn on scale), dash area 30 represents the male and fomale(M&F) of 5 millimeters of 3 – that advanced technology systems can regulate.Fig. 4 e and 4f represent the crowning of 3-5 millimeter, and Fig. 4 g and 4h represent the concave face of 3-5 millimeter.Under contrast, in the embodiment of the adapter system 10 of length over 1 meter+3o Huo – 3o rotation, its total displacement may reach 52 millimeters.Illustrated respectively+3o of Fig. 4 e and 4f and Fig. 4 g and 4h is with the rotation situation of – 3o.This makes to utilize the substrate of adapter system 10 embodiment to be successfully laid on the floor that may have concave surface, there will not be horizontal separation.For example, have the floor of concave surface, length surpasses 1 meter, will have 52 millimeters sink.The level of maintaining is engaged with the integrality that helps guarantee flooring structure.From the angle of flooring look, this is very useful, can increase again the value in relevant house simultaneously.

This will obtain being proficient in the personnel's of this technology approval.This technology can make to be laid on every 1 meter of its male and fomale(M&F) of length on the substrate of 3 – 5 millimeters (global industry standards) in conjunction with the floor system of current adapter system embodiment.This technology has great practicality and commercial interest.Practical interests are that do it yourself setter and professional setter can successfully He easily be not suitable for floor covering layers on the substrate of conventional latched floor so far.Commercial interest is that, due to the laying property of floor system, discontented and disappointed setter just can not returned to point of sale, and cannot normally use and serve as reasons with system, claims for refund.In the time of in the narrow range that traditional adapter system is only stipulated in global industry standard at the male and fomale(M&F) of substrate, just can normally use.But setter is not generally all known this standard, in any case therefore, do not know whether the substrate of oneself meets the requirements yet.There is not this problem in embodiments of the invention, because floor can be arranged on the substrate that exceeds global industry standard, and does not produce segregation phenomenon.

Return to Fig. 1 and 2, can see that appear Cm and Cf form part curved surface separately, and conversely, curved surface forms again part locking surface L separately.Particularly, face Cm1 forms curved surface Im1(dotted line and represents) a part, and curved surface Im1 forms first positive locking surface ML1(chain-dotted line of protrusion Pm and represents conversely) a part.Curved surface Im1 totally extends along direction D from adjacent surface 24.

Equally, face Cm2 forms curved surface Im2(dotted line and represents) a part, and curved surface Im2 forms second positive locking surface ML2(chain-dotted line and represents conversely) a part.Face ML2 forms on the surface of recess R m, substantially depends on the direction D of adjacent recess Rm bottom 32.

Face Cf2 forms a part (dotted line represents) of curved surface If2, and curved surface If2 forms second cloudy locking surface FL2(chain-dotted line and represents conversely) a part; Cloudy locking surface FL2 forms at protrusion Pf outermost layer, substantially along the direction parallel with direction D, extends again.

Face Cf1 forms curved surface If1(dotted line and represents) a part, and curved surface If1 forms first cloudy locking surface FL1(chain-dotted line conversely) a part.Face FL1 depends on contiguous face 26, and general direction is parallel with direction D, extends towards recess R f bottom 34 simultaneously.

From Fig. 1 b, can find out, face Cm1, Im1 and ML1 mesh with face Cf1, If1 and FL1 respectively; And when joint Jm and Jf engagement, face Cm2, Im2 and ML2 and face Cf2, If2 and FL2 engagement.These surperficial intermeshing formation or generate first and second lock plane 18,20.In joint Jm and Jf engagement and each stage of unclamping, the different piece of lock face L, curved surface I and horizontal expansion face C is respectively as pining down face and rolling surface plays a role.

Contiguous engagement substrate is rolled, at least need one of them curved surface I in a surface C and the every pair of engagement or relevant surfaces to form continuously or smooth curve profile.For example, suppose face Cm1 and Cf1, and corresponding curved surface Im1 and If1.When joint Jm and Jf engagement, face Cm1 and Cf1 are positioned near first lock plane 18 or close position; Corresponding curved surface Im1 and If1 are also like this.In this example, the profile of face Cf1 and corresponding curved surface If1 is continuous or smooth curve shape.But the profile of face Cm1 and corresponding surface Im1 comprises straight line 36.This straight line is relatively short, forms a ridgelet or mountain peak 38 on face Cm1 and curved surface Im1.Ridge 38 is the relatively little contact surfaces that form with curved surface If1, farthest reduces skin friction, and the possibility of the adhesion while rotatablely moving of being correlated with.

On the contrary, face Cm2 and Cf2, and corresponding surface Im2 and second lock plane 20 of If2 formation, each all has a full curve profile.But in other embodiment that introduce after a while, in face Cm2/Im2 or Cf2/If2, there is a loaf of bread to contain one or more straight line.

First is with second positive locking surface ML1 and ML2 and determine associated face Cm1 and Cm2 and corresponding surface Im1 and Im2 form extreme (innermost layer and outermost layer) horizontal expansion face and curved surface of first (external screw thread) joint Jm.First and second cloudy locking surface FL1 and FL2, and extreme horizontal expansion face and the curved surface of definite associated face Cf1 and Cf2 and curved surface If1 and second (internal thread) joint Jf of If2 formation.These extreme horizontal expansion faces and Surface forming surface are separately right, thereby on intermeshing joint Jm and Jf, form extreme (being innermost layer and outermost layer) lock plane 18 and 20.Fig. 1 b can clearly represent.Particularly, the surface in the present embodiment is right: Im1 and If1 or Cm1 and Cf1; And Im2 and If2 or Cm2 and Cf2.In each effects on surface, form a smooth or continuous curve surface and can play facilitation to the relative rotation between the panel of combination adapter system 10 embodiment described above.

Face Cm1 and Im1 form a part for protrusion Pm outer peripheral face 40.Protrusion Pm totally has spherical or bulbous profile, from main face 14, in D direction, extends.External surface 40 after curved surface Im1 is crooked to recess R m.Surface 40 has been equipped with groove 42 in the main face 14 of distance position farthest.As shown in Figure 1 b, when joint Jm and Jf engagement, groove 42 is forming storage tank 44 by 46 lowers, recess R f surface.Except groove 42, towards the end of the protrusion Pm of recess R f1 bottom, be circle or curved shape.First positive locking surface ML1 is constituted by face 24 and curved surface Im1.

Depending on different objects, take the circumstances into consideration to use groove 42 and corresponding storage tank 44.These comprise but be not limited to obtain adhesive and/or fluid sealant, as the chip storage tank of falling into recess R f in installation process, or both take into account.In this regard, groove 42 is in the face of the lowermost portion on surface 46 in recess R f.Most of chip that we wish to fall in recess R f all can be collected the bottommost of face 46.Because joint Jm and Jf are by the engagement that moves both vertically, a large amount of chips are collected in the storage tank 44 of follow-up formation possibly.There is no this function, may need to clear up recess R f, for example compressed air air blast, with vacuum cleaner or broom, carry out cleared of debris, otherwise may engagement process be produced and be disturbed.Groove 42/ storage tank 44 also can adapt to expansion and the contraction of joint J.

Surface 40 after groove 42 is crooked to recess R m, and comprises a more crooked curved surface Im3.Curved surface Im3 is " sharing " face between protrusion Pm and recess R m, and comprises surface C m3.Surface C m3 makes surface 40 transform to upright position substantially from cardinal principle horizontal level.The 3rd positive locking surface ML3 coexists with curved surface Im3 substantially.

It should be noted that protrusion Pm forms neck 48.Compare with other parts of protrusion Pm, this neck width is narrower.Can find out face Cm1 proximate neck 48 outermost.And a part of curved surface Im1 forms neck 48 outermost near abutment surface 24.In addition, a part of curved surface Im3 forms again the opposite side of neck 48.In this embodiment, the line 50 of neck 48 minimum distances is oblique lines for main face 14.

Curved surface Im3 forms surface 52 in recess R m bottom 32 again.Face 52 bendings, contact and connect curved surface Im2.Face Im2 extends along direction D substantially, formation face 54, and this face extends along the vertical direction with

main face

14 and 16, then extends to the scarf 56 that forms main face 16.Second positive locking surface extends above curved surface Im2, and extends to main face 16 along scarf 56.

Observe the configuration of panel 12 opposite side joint Jf, can find out, surface C f1 and corresponding surface If1 extend along direction D substantially from adjacent surface 26.First cloudy locking surface FL1 is constituted by face 26 and If1.Curved surface If1 can be at recess R f bottom 34 formation faces 46.Face 46 can form again longitudinal interception face of protrusion Pm.And when joint Jm inserts joint Jf, face 46 comprises the ground 58 towards groove 42 approximate horizontal placed in the middle.Ground 58 is substantially parallel with 16 with main face 14.Direction along protrusion Pf moves, and face 46 can form and comprise more curved surface If3 and corresponding a 3rd cloudy locking surface FL3 who coexists.Face If3 and FL3 are the shared surfaces between recess R f and protrusion Pf, and substantially along the contrary direction of direction D, extend.

Curved surface If3 forms the top curved surfaces part 60 of protrusion Pf, and then this protrusion can form again face Cf2 and curved surface If2.Curved surface If2 extends to and

main face

14 and 16 vertically extending planes 62.Conversely, this surface extends to again inclined-plane 64; And inclined-plane 64 extends to main face 16.Second cloudy locking surface constituted by face If2,62 and 64.

Provided with recesses Rf is with mesh bulge Pm.And recess R f forms neck 66.This neck can form again the restricted opening of recess R f.In the present embodiment, the shortest line 68 and

main face

14 and 16 relative tilts of neck 66 distances.More particularly, line 66 is substantially identical with the angle of slope of line 50.

Protrusion Pf is the same with protrusion Pm, is all spherical or bulbous configuration.And Pm is similar to protrusion, protrusion Pf forms the neck 70 of reduced width.Line 72 and

main face

14 and 16 relative tilts that neck 70 distances are the shortest.But in the present embodiment, line 70 is different from the inclination angle of

line

50 and 68.

Again observe Fig. 1 b, also can find out the position of shared locking surface and curved surface ML3 and FL3 and Im3 separately and If3 and definite corresponding surface C m3 and Cf3 toward each other, thereby form the 3rd lock plane 74, along this plane, can suppress the separation of engagement tabs J.The 3rd lock plane 74 is parallel with 20 with outermost lock plane 18 with innermost layer, and between these two planes.

The part principle of joint Jm and Jf is based on human dissection joint, especially hip joint and shoulder joint.These joints Jm and Jf aim to provide horizontal and vertical strength and support, and allow relatively in rotary moving in a certain restriction degree, and not separated.In fact, can regard joint Jm and Jf as ball-and-socket type joint.Embodiment more described below contrast joint and anatomical joints emphatically, comprising act between joint Jm and JF uncured or non-solidify repeat bonding elastic adhesive.In this type of embodiment, adhesive, as tendon, can keep again connecting when guaranteeing relative rotary motion.This,, again a little as cartilage, can play cushioning effect.Equally, while using wax on joint, can as liquid, provide lubrication.

From Fig. 1 b, can find out more significantly, the asymmetry because joint configures relatively, when joint is intermeshing, can leave space or gap between engagement tabs.Adjacent surface 24 and form at once space 76 26 times, and relative with surface C f1.Space 76 also can be described as the space forming between head portion separately at curved surface Im1 and If1.Space 78 forms between curved surface Im1 and the base section of If1.Vertically extending space 80 forms between shared curved surface Im3 and If3 substantially; And horizontally extending space 82 forms between recess R m bottom 32 and protrusion Pf arch section 60 substantially.These spaces allow panels 12 not expand with heat and contract with cold displacement or fracture in the situation that at joint Jm and Jf, and contribute to the relative rotation of panel 12.

In conjunction with reference to figure 5a – 9f, show the engagement that describes joint Jm and Jf in detail with separated.

As Fig. 5 a shows, first panel 12a lays, and second panel

12b lays.Panel

12a and 12b are subject to the support on lower horizontal surface 90.The joint Jf of panel 12a is existing opened, and preparation is connected with the joint Jm of panel 12b.The contiguous panel 12a of panel 12b, joint Jm is positioned on joint Jf.The edge that is equipped with the panel 12b of joint Jf is only against surface 90.So, between

panel

12a and 12b, form the little angle of approximately 1 °-3 °.

From Fig. 5 b, can find out, in this position, face Cm1 and Cm3 lay respectively on face Cf1 and Cf3; Face Cm2 and Cf2 be vertical separating separately.In this configuration, the top section of face Cf1 and Cf3 can prevent that protrusion Pm from entering recess R f, and therefore these parts are considered as to cam prolongs resistance device.

Allow face Jm and Jf start to be connected, the main face 14 of Ying Yu vertically and directly in the face of the direction of underlying surface 90, is exerted pressure downwards or application of force F.Exert pressure or the application of force can apply compressive force and tension force to protruding Pm and recess R f respectively, but specifically also will depend on the making material of panel 12; Exert pressure or the application of force can cause one or two protrusion Pm compression, and make recess R f open or expand, so, face Cm1 and Cm3 just can slip over face Cf1 and Cf3.Again on joint Jm and Jf, wax, contribute to surface sliding.This can make protrusion Pm slip over neck 66, enters recess R f.Open recess R m and Rf and can in joint, produce pressure (representing with line T) in Fig. 5 c.This pressure is the bending force that each recess R f and two ends, Rm bottom produce.Along with protrusion Pm and Pf pass through recess R f and Rm neck, earth pressure release, the elastic force of generation not only makes engagement protrusion, but also bossing can be drawn in to groove.Therefore, groove can rely on elastic force to open, and also can oneself close subsequently.Other embodiment of adapter system also can produce this operation, will introduce in this manual after a while.

In the present embodiment, the configuration of joint can make the face Cm and the Cf that pass each other separately carry out this operation in the slightly different time.In this specific embodiment, at face Cm3 through face Cf3 not long ago, face Cm1 is by face Cf1.Face Cm1, Cm3 are by after face Cf1, Cf3, and centering or engagement operations can draw in recess R f by the remainder of protruding Pm.This is that the relative configuration of curved surface and protrusion Pm discharge the cause of compressive force because face Cm1 and Cm3 pass through after face Cf1 and Cf3.In fact, neck 48 and 66 separately is all arranged in each other.

When this operation is carried out, there is similar operation with recess R m in protrusion Pf.By Cf3 in the near future, face Cm2 also can pass through Cf2 to face Cm3.As shown in Figure 5 c.Along with exerting pressure downwards or the operation of application of force F, recess R m is pushed to protrusion Pf, and the protruding Pf between face Cf3 and Cf2 also can be compressed.These faces are by after face Cm3 and Cm2, and centering or engagement operations can pull to recess R f protruding Pf.

Longitudinally exert pressure or for example, when strength makes joint J engagement (, vertical with main face 14,16), relatively moving between joint J is not exclusively vertical.But formed to combine with lateral displacement, vertically move.With reference to Fig. 5 b-5e and joint Jm, the transverse shifting in engagement process refers to that joint Jm is moved to the left, and finally makes the horizontal gap of

face

24 and 26 or breach G perfect closed.The horizontal gap G gradually maximum gap G1 from Fig. 5 b is contracted to less gap G2 and G3, finally becomes the zero gap G4 in Fig. 5 e, in this case, face 24 and 26 close contacts, joint Jm and Jf mesh completely.Joint Jm and Jf only rely on and are subject to the minimum side of transverse shifting constraint to carry out transverse shifting.Guarantee that both sides all can equate or degree not etc. is done relative transverse shifting.Transverse shifting is the performance of system longitudinal stability of being connected with a joggle.

Fig. 5 d is for being about to joint Jm and the Jf schematic diagram before engagement completely.Can find out there is individual small gap between the bottom of protrusion Pm and recess R f herein, main 14 of panel 12b is omited microprotrusion compared with main 14 of panel 12a.As shown in Fig. 5 e, after relatively the moving down of panel 12b stops, when the interception face 58 on protrusion Pm and recess R f fastens, joint meshes completely.In this configuration, between groove 42 and interception face 58, form storage tank 46.In this configuration, face Cm1, Cm2 on male connection Jm, Cm3 be positioned at face Cf1, Cf2 in corresponding female adapter, Cf3 below.

The ability that above-described joint Jm does not depart from reverse relative rotation each other with Jf forward, applicable to rough surface.In addition, joint Jm and Jf also can promote the auto-alignment of adjacent panels 12.These functions have been simplified installation to a certain extent greatly, and very common family member also can easily install the panel in conjunction with connected system 10 embodiment.

The auto-alignment function of system 10 has benefited from profile and the configuration of joint Jf and Jm, with reference to Fig. 5 b and 5f – 5k, explains.

Fig. 5 f shown and applied downward strength or pressure with the roughly location of counter plate 12b before engagement panel, so that follow-up and panel

12a engagement.Panel

12a and 12b tilt each other.At one end 85, protrusion Pm is positioned at the top of recess R f.Respective cross section view is as shown in Fig. 5 b and 5j, and the joint Jm of panel 12b is positioned at the top of the recess R f of panel 12a.In end opposite 87, joint is horizontally arranged at interval.Separation degree between joint Jm and Jf interval is linear change.Therefore, at position AA, joint Jm contacts with Jf, but protrusion Pm and protrusion Pf partly fasten, and part is positioned on recess R f, and panel is with distance X 1 interval, as shown in Fig. 5 i.Along panel compared with distant positions BB, protrusion Pm be located immediately at protrusion Pf above, panel is with more remote X2 interval, as shown in Fig. 5 h.

Now, a position between position 85 and BB applies downward pressure or strength F, starts jointing and panel.This burst of strength is transmitted between the panel contacting with each other, for example, and position 85 and BB.On the major part point contacting with each other, protrusion Pf arrives the top left side of protrusion Pf, and part is suspended from recess R f.Need in addition to recognize, because face Cm3 and Cf3 have camber, therefore, protrusion Pf has the propensity that slides to recess R f.

Therefore, when strength F transfers to the contact surface of joint Jm and Jf, can first resolve into a few stock power, comprise and promote side direction (laterally) component that joint Jf moves into groove, thereby promote panel 12b, shift to panel 12a.Distance between panel on end 87 is corresponding dwindling also.Along with force application location 87 shifts near to end along panel 12b, closing effect by sustainable existence until hold the protrusion Pm at 87 places be positioned at recess R f above (as shown in Fig. 5 j), and panel is aimed at (as shown in Fig. 5 k) completely.Therefore, panel is by auto-alignment under the promotion meshing strength downwards.Certainly, if strength F is enough, except auto-alignment, joint Jm and Jf also will mesh completely so, as shown in Fig. 5 k.Auto-alignment effect combines with the engagement of joint Jm and Jf, forms a zip mode effect that is similar to latch lock bag.

Need to be appreciated that equally, due to the variation of temperature and humidity, dynamic tensile and compressive stress need to be born conventionally in floor.Also to bear the static load from furniture or other household articles simultaneously.If tensile load surpasses the supporting capacity of joint, protrusion Pm and Pf or one of them may be broken or rupture.This can produce multiple impact.This will discharge the tensile stress of floor close region.In addition, this can cause the horizontal separation of panel of breaking, thereby forms clear gap.Further, according to the difference of dominance condition and environment, adjacent panels may produce vertical displacement, thereby height of formation is poor.

If this tensile stress is released, make separated panel reconnect or connect a new panel completely can be very difficult.This is because the panel of rent both sides still has tensile stress, and both sides can depart from each other because of this power traction.Make floor return to original state, must make both sides be re-engaged.If only place new panel at panel place before, gap can still exist.House-owner can only use clumsy filler to fill the gap producing due to separation.This causes negative effect may to conversely the value in house.The auto-alignment function of connected system 10 also contributes to the automatic recovery of the floor tensile stress when changing damage panel, as mentioned below.

Fig. 5 l – 5u describes the automatic recovery of the release of tensile stress, the subsequent movement of panel and tensile stress in detail.Fig. 5 l is the floor schematic diagram being comprised of polylith panel 12.Two panels of 12a and 12b are removed and change.Suppose as in the previous paragraph, between panel 12, have tensile stress.If two panels of 12a and 12b are removed, produce 31Chu floor, 31，Ze gap, gap tensile stress and be naturally released.So, the panel 12 that closes on this gap will depart from each other, as shown in arrow 33 in Fig. 5 m.This will cause the expansion (Fig. 5 n is that gap expands schematic diagram, and Fig. 5 o is zoomed-in view) in gap 31, and on the two critical line, again formed longitudinal crack 35 before panel 12a and 12b remove.Not only gap 31 can expand.Owing to bearing now the panel of tensile stress, tail off, along with the continuous expansion of crackle 35, the separating degree between adjacent panels also can expand, or at least tensile stress can increase.Fig. 5 p is longitudinally traditional or horizontal lock system panel is changed effect schematic diagram, and Fig. 5 q is corresponding zoomed-in view.New panel 12a1 and 12b1 inserted into gap 31, arbitrarily one end and adjacent panels engagement.Yet, due to the expansion in gap 31, the new panel 12a1 installing and 12b1 cannot with engagement completely each other.The gap expanding may be only 0.5 to 2 millimeter, but on floor, is enough to high-visible.

Conventionally, in the locking system case of tongue-and-groove type, joint tongue partly can be amputated, in order to avoid there is mechanical connection between panel 12a1 and 12b1.Use filler to fill the crackle 35 between panel 12a1 and 12b1.Obviously, filler cannot transmit the tensile stress between panel 12a1 and 12b1.Therefore, cannot the whole tensile stress of recovering floor.Now, the tensile stress on floor will act on the both sides of filler and crackle 35.At this moment may cause breaking and form new gap 37 between panel 12a1 and 12b1 of filler, as shown in Fig. 5 r, Fig. 5 s is corresponding zoomed-in view.

Fig. 5 t installs the panel of connected system or the result of use schematic diagram of substrate according to the embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 5 u is zoomed-in view.The all panels 12 that are assumed to be in Fig. 5 l-5s all provide described connected system 10.After

panel

12a and 12b remove, still can form crackle 35, cause gap 31 to expand.After new panel 12a1 installs, with

panel

12c and 12d engagement.Now, insert panel 12b1, the female adapter Jf of panel 12a1 be positioned at male connection Jm below, the male connection Jm of panel 12b1 be positioned at

adjacent panels

12e and 12f female adapter Jf above.

To the male connection that is positioned at the panel 12a1 on the joint Jf of panel 12b1, apply downforce.Like this, these joints just mesh with the corresponding panel.This can cause occurring slight displacement between panel 12b1 and panel 12e and 12f.Yet this displacement can not form the interval that surpasses distance X 2 as shown in Fig. 5 h.Now, to the male connection Jm of panel 12b1, apply downforce, panel 12b1 and 12e and 12f are close to each other.In addition, the panel of interface 39 both sides between panel 12a1 and 12b1 is inwardly close to each other each other, as shown in arrow 33 in Fig. 5 t and 5u.Finally, the joint Jm of panel 12b1 and Jf and 12e and 12f engagement, thus recover tensile stress and the structural integrity on whole floor.

Introduce floor above and born the situation of tensile stress.But when compressive stress is born on floor, prior art systems also same problem can occur, in this case, gap 31 can be closed.Utilize prior art systems, must counter plate cutting reduce its width to be applicable to closed gap.Therefore, between new installation panel and original panel, can complete mechanical not be connected.Lose structural integrity.With reference to Fig. 5 l-5u, as mentioned above, the mode of operation of the embodiment of the present invention is basic identical, but makes gap opening continue to expand and all adjacent panels 12 mechanical engagement with above-mentioned " contrary ", fully to recover structural integrity.Secondly, (can reach 2 millimeters) extending transversely in Cf1Deng gap, this opposite is also very effective.

In addition,, when the curved in length of panel or distortion, above-mentioned auto-alignment and " zip mode " effect are applicable equally.If with this panel as smooth but not crooked or distortion of panel of panel engagement, the embodiment of this connected system can bring into play the effect that flattens bending in panel or wreath piece, realizes aligning and the engagement of curved panel.

When engagement tabs Jm and Jf, body weight equals or exceeds the personnel of 70 kilograms and to joint Jm, applies downforce by jete, hop or the little motion of stamping one's foot.Like this, without implementing required the continuing of prior art systems, kneel station action, just can realize the connection of adjacent panels 12.The engagement of joint Jm and joint Jf also can be by utilizing the mode that rubber hammer raps to help to realize.It installs simple and convenient, not only can require wide spread that the scope of number is installed voluntarily by reduction technology and strength, can farthest reduce body pressure and physical demands simultaneously, makes all installation personnels that comprise professional all receive benifit greatly.For employing unit or installation company, wound vacation and sick leave that this can reduce a staff.Thereby extend staff's working time, increase income, reduce insurance and the claim expense of employing unit simultaneously.

When in large area, the panel 12 of connected system 10 is equipped with in use, for example business premises, engagement tabs Jm and Jf, needs to use the compacting machine through improvement apply strength or pressure.The effect of compacting machine is front similar for the machine effect of compacting sand, different with it with laying paveio(u)r, and compacting machine has the rub resistance base lining of soft smooth.This liner can include but not limited to rubber, foam, carpet or hardboard.

Now, especially with reference to Fig. 6 a – 9f, introduce the flow process that removes of damaging panel.Below describe in detail by the relative rotation between the connection panel of connected system 10 configurations and make to damage the flow process that panel is removed.Fig. 6 a – 6s has described according to the order of sequence and has damaged removing and exchonge step of panel.Completing of removing and change need be by being used extraction system, and this system is constituted by the wedge tool 94 shown in the jack 92 shown in Fig. 7 a and 7b and Fig. 8 a and 8b.

Jack 92 is a kind of easy hand screw jacks, for removing panel.One end of screw rod jack 92 has one with the elongated thread spindle 96 of cross bar handle 98.Threaded sleeve 100 engagements that form on the screw thread of shank 96 and clamping plate 102.Clamping plate 102 are square, and axle sleeve 100 is positioned at this clamping plate center, is the through hole of clamping plate 102 below, and thread spindle 96 can extend by this hole.Four through holes 104 that distributed on clamping plate 102, for meshing corresponding trip bolt 106.

There is a voussoir 108 one end of wedge tool 94, leads to handle 110.This voussoir 108 by basal plane 112(, for support panel 12, installed after the face at places) contact and be positioned under it with main 16 of adjacent panels 12 that will remove panel with reverse side 114() form.Face 114 comprises relative tilt part 116 and parallel portion 118.Sloping portion 116 is from the leading edge 120 of voussoir 108 to handle 110 expansions.Face 116 tilts compared with face 112, but face 118 is parallel with face 112 and form proximal surface with face 116.Handle 110 is bending, so that the free end of handle 110 is parallel with end 124 and can lateral displacement, end 124 is connected with voussoir 108.

Fig. 6 a is floor area schematic diagram, comprises the panel of the damage 12b being connected with adjacent panels 12 along both sides.For introduce damaging the replacing method of panel 12b, only take the two panel 12a and the 12c that are attached thereto, be reference, these two panels longitudinally mesh along panel 12b side.These three side by

side interlocking panel

12a, 12b and 12c all adopted the configuration of connected system 10 embodiment, and coverage rate 90, as shown in Figure 6 b.Main 14 of center panel 12b is damaged because of cut, crack or water stain 126 etc.Need to understand, unless at least one of them is close to wall in

panel

12a or 12c, otherwise other panels 12 will be interlocked with one another with

panel

12a and 12c simultaneously.

Change and damage panel 12b, need to use drill bit 130(referring to Fig. 6 d) on panel 12b, hole 128, to facilitate jack 92 to operate in extracting flow process.The diameter of boring 128 should enough make shank 96 pass through.The length that is removed panel 12b determines the quantity of the jack 92 that may need.Therefore in some cases, extracting flow process can be by using a jack 92 to complete, and in other situations, may need two or many jacks.In this particular instance, need to use two jacks 92, as shown in Fig. 6 c, but briefly introduce for convenience extraction flow process, only with reference to a jack 92 wherein.

After boring 128 completes, clamping plate 102 are placed in to panel 12b upper, axle sleeve 100 covers in boring 128, as shown in Fig. 6 e.Utilize four tapping screws 106 by the mode of respective through hole 104, clamping plate 102 are fixed on panel 12b.As shown in Figure 6 f.Can use the battery-operated screwdriver of self-control or use hand screwdriver to tighten screw.

Remove the next stage of flow process as shown in Fig. 6 g and 6h, introduced the engagement of shank 96 with threaded sleeve 100, and used handle 98 threaded together axles 96 so that panel 12b is promoted on face 90.Should be pointed out that immediately that rotate relative with Jf of joint Jm of this action need panel 12b keeps engagement with the joint of

adjacent panels

12a and 12c simultaneously.This is a kind of relative reverse rotation, will do concise and to the point description after a while.Yet, between the panel 12a relative with panel 12b and the panel of 12c both sides engagement, also exist and be rotated in the forward simultaneously.

Jack 92 damages panel 12b for vertical promotion, and range of lift should enough make to damage between panel 12b and

adjacent panels

12a and 12c and counter-rotate.Reverse rotation angular region is 7o – 10o.Fig. 6 h has done special introduction to it, as shown in the figure, between main 14 of

panel

12a and 12b, is angle θ 1; Between main 14 of

panel

12b and 12c, be angle θ 2.Before promoting panel 12d, should be appreciated that, suppose that face 90 is for plane, angle θ 1 and θ 2 will be 180o.Between adjacent panels 12, the formation of negative angle shows that angle θ 1 surpasses 180o.The part that in detach procedure, angle θ 1 and θ 2 exceed 180o equals the part of panel reverse rotation in this flow process.For example, if angle θ 1 is 187o, the relative reverse rotation angle between

panel

12a and 12b is 7o.

The people who is good at this technology should understand, and for example, in vertical promotion any insertion adjacent panels tongue-and-groove or groove and have the prior art systems of lateral projection thing (joint tongue), if do not cut joint tongue or fracture with the panel of tongue-and-groove, may not realize.Therefore if use prior art systems to attempt this operation, probably cause one or morely previously not have the panel of damage impaired, even need replacing.

This connected system can be by vertical promotion mode in connection with the panel of this connected system embodiment, directly easily remove.This employing be that downward detachable departs from flow process, with prior art upwards to depart from flow process completely contrary.Therefore, this connected system has the vertical promotion ability that just can complete disengaging without damage adjacent panels, thereby without taking off the whole floor of affected area metope and/or employing professional setter, just can use the practice mode of world's the best to realize that repair on floor and the recovery completely of floor integrality.

Jack 92 mechanical liftings are also supported panel 12b,

panel

12a, 12c and the panel adjacent with 12c with panel 12a voluntarily.Therefore, setter is without promoting and support panel from sweat.On the contrary, some prior art systems is used sucker (for example glazing workman is for the equipment of support glass plate) to control the panel that will remove.Setter must oneself require great effort and promote panel.If panel also with tightly adhesion of face 90, that own lifting just becomes very difficult, may realize hardly.And jack 92 has mechanical dominance, can realize the operation under these environment.In addition,, because jack is supported panel 12 voluntarily, therefore, in maintenance flow, setter can vacate both hands and operate, and even can arbitrarily leave near panel 12b.

Use jack 92 vertical promotion panel 12b, make the reverse rotation angle of panel 12b and

adjacent panels

12a and 12c reach 7o to 10o.It is position shown in Fig. 6 h and 9d.In this position, there is partial dislocation in joint Jm and Jf between panel 12a and 12b.This partial dislocation be because face Cm1 turn on face Cf1, face 38 " clank " due to a sound is top by face Cf1 suddenly.Although there is dislocation, because the protrusion Pf between face Cm2 and Cm3 is tightly meshed, so panel is still engageable.

On jack 92, be equipped with rule, can point out setter to counter-rotate the scope when angle reaches 7o to 10o.This rule is comprised of a colour band on shank 96, when tightening shank, promotes panel when being enough to carry out above-mentioned reverse rotation, and colour band appears on axle sleeve 100.The panel of different-thickness, the colour band providing on shank is also varied.

Want separated panel 12b, first must separated female adapter Jf and the panel 12a of panel 12b engagement or the arbitrary panel in 12c.In this example, need separated panel 12a.The setter who works on panel 12 can not know that needing separated panel is 12a immediately.But can easily determine by following either type: rap two

panel

12a and 12c; Or gently exert pressure with have gentle hands, can feel that joint moves.Due to the direction of joint, knock gently and cause panel 12a and adjacent panels to depart from completely.Afterwards, as shown in Fig. 6 i, along panel 12a, in other positions of this panel, apply downward strength or pressure, panel 12a will completely separated with the joint Jm on 12b with Jf.

Joint Jm on

panel

12a and 12b and Jf from panel mesh completely and (as shown in Figure 6 f) in the same plane to disengaging configuration (as shown in Fig. 6 h), the interaction between each face describes in detail with reference to Fig. 9 a – 9e.

Fig. 9 a is

panel

12a and 12b schematic diagram before operation jack 92.Be equivalent to Fig. 6 a, the 6b of discharge side by side and the panel shown in 6d-6g.While using jack 92 slowly panel 12b to be promoted from face 90, between corresponding joint Jm and Jf, there is rotation slowly.The joint Jf schematic diagram of the joint Jm of panel 12b when Fig. 9 b is be about-2o of the relative anglec of rotation and panel 12a.Now,

adjacent surface

24 and 26 starts separated, face Cm1, and especially rib 38 starts to uncover from face Cf1.Meanwhile, the face 40 of protrusion Pm starts to promote from the face 46 of recess R f.Meanwhile, the separation degree between curved surface top and Im3 and If3 also increases slightly.Finally, face Cm2 takes off from face Cf2.

Fig. 9 c is about the position effect schematic diagram of 5o for continuing to promote panel 9b to the relative reverse rotation angle between panel 12a and 12b.Separation degree between

adjacent surface

24 and 26 is more obvious herein, and face Cm1, especially rib 38 are higher compared with face Cf1 position, but does not also depart from face Cf1.Separation degree between

face

40 and 46 increases, and face Cm2 is stable in the deepest part of curved surface If2 now.Pressure/the source of strength of this increase is in the face Cm2 of protrusion Pf neck; With the face Cm1 on face Cf1.

Continue to use jack 92 can make be further the extended to approximately-7o of angle between

panel

12a and 12b, as shown in Fig. 9 d.Now, face Cm1 and rib 38 have moved past face Cf1 and have been positioned at outside the neck 66 of recess R f.Conventionally can send " clank " auditory tone cues setter.Yet the position of the face Cf3 that face Cm3 is engaged with is lower; Face Cm2 is lower compared with the position of face Cf2.And, the both sides of protrusion Pf quilt cover Cm3 and Cm2 compression or extruding now.Therefore, under the angle of-7o, still part engagement of joint Jm and Jf, and not existing under the prerequisite of any external strength, still can keep

panel

12a and 12b longitudinally and level lock.In addition,, in the rotary course at joint Jm and Jf up to-7o, face Cm2 has served as the point action that protrusion Pm is mentioned from recess R f.

To panel 12a, apply downforce or strength can produce following one or both results: compression lobes thing Pf; Or open the neck of the recess R m being formed by face Cm3 and Cm2, so that protrusion Pf deviates from from recess R m.On joint, waxing can reduce friction, now, can assist joint separated.Now, panel 12a can freely fall back to face 90, as shown in Fig. 9 f and Fig. 6 i.Therefore, at this moment,

panel

12a and 12b depart from completely.

Yet, remove panel 12b, also need the joint Jm of the joint Jf of panel 12b and panel 12c to depart from.Fig. 6 j to 6l is schematic flow sheet.

After

panel

12a and 12b depart from, jack 92 is promoted to panel 12b on face 90 immediately.Continue to change flow process, the axle 96 that need unscrew on the axle sleeve 100 of clamping plate 102 is reduced to face 90 panel.Next step, setter will catch and promote the joint Jm of panel 12b, to insert wedge tool 94 between

panel

12a and 12b, and is pushed into the position that the face 118 of face 114 can contact with the inside of main 16 of panel 12c and joint Jm and Jf.Fig. 6 j is its schematic diagram.First by rotating panel 12b approximately-7o makes it to depart from panel 12c to-10o, thereby makes the face Cf1 disengaging in the face Cm1 of panel 12c and the joint Jf of panel 12b.Configuration wedge tool 94 assists setter to complete rotation.In Fig. 6 j, also there is demonstration.In addition, when voussoir 108 is positioned at the joint Jm inner side of panel 12c below, and panel 12b is when counterclockwise shifting to handle 110, and panel 12b will rotate around 7o to 10o angle before it is near handle 110.Upwards the same by face Cf1 from below with face Cm1, while arriving this position, can send " clank " sound.Fig. 9 d is joint Jm and Jf schematic diagram arranged side by side.

Continue to apply downforce or strength, for example, use rubber hammer M(as shown in Fig. 6 k) can cause joint Jf and the Jm of

panel

12b and 12c to depart from completely, as shown in Fig. 6 l.Now, damage panel 12b and from

adjacent panels

12a and 12c, depart from completely simultaneously, can be removed.

Use new panel 12b1 to change and damage panel 12b, now, setter need remove wedge tool 94, and the edge of hand hoisting panel 12c, then new panel 12b1 is slided to lifting panel 12c below, like this, joint Jm be just positioned at joint Jf above.The opposite side of panel 12b1 is positioned on panel 12a.Fig. 6 m-6p is this schematic flow sheet.

Now, setter is down to panel 12c on panel 12b1.At this moment, the male connection of panel 12c is positioned at the neck 48 of the female adapter Jf of panel 12bi; The joint Jm of panel 12b1 will be positioned at the neck 48 of joint Jf of the panel 12a of previous laying.Fig. 6 q is its schematic diagram.

Panel 12b1 be to mesh completely, to the male connection Jm of panel 12c and 12b1, downward strength or pressure applied.Can realize this operation by following random order, i.e. panel 12c panel 12b1 then, or panel 12b1 is panel 12c then.Fig. 6 q be panel 12c joint Jm first with the configuration schematic diagram in joint Jf when engagement of panel 12b1.Fig. 6 r is the joint Jm of panel 12b1 and the joint Jf mesh schematic representation of panel 12a, and Fig. 6 s is that schematic diagram is recovered on floor.If panel is not aimed in advance, this flow process will be aimed at according to the connected system auto-alignment function with reference to described in Fig. 5 f-5k.

Needn't divest monoblock floor, and remove simply and change only impaired panel 12, there is great practicality, business and environmental benefit.Be summarized as follows:

The limited skillful with one's hands person of technical ability can use basic cheap apparatus to change at an easy rate panel.So just, can avoid employing qualified installation person.

In the process of repairing, needn't cut a hole or cut panel or part panel, therefore maintenance is also quite clean.

Owing to only needing to change impaired panel, therefore there is no need the mobile furniture that is conventionally difficult to and is inconvenient to move.

From retailer's viewpoint, the preliminary benefit that this panel possesses is that retailer can boost person buy than the slightly many panels of the required panel quantity of certain area, when impaired in order to other panels, can supply to replace.For example, the benefit of soluble this panel of retailer, allows client additionally buy the panel of one to three square meter.This is when building new house, and house-owner leaves unnecessary floor and roof sheet tile or paint, for repairing later.Installed after several years on floor, and the subject matter occurring during repairing damaged floor is to be difficult to buying to identical panel.If buying, less than identical panel, when only having minority (as two or three) panel impaired, may need to change the floor of whole plane.For example, three bedrooms, corridor, kitchen and the home entertaining room floor of house one deck are all covered with the wood floors that outward appearance is identical, form continuous floor.Whole house furniture and decorating are selected to match with floor conventionally.In this case, if there is no the available replacement panel matching, need to change the whole floors of one deck.In March, 2010, Western Australia, Australia Perth met with after a rare storm, really had the example of changing large area floor.Problems normally causes due to refrigerator and the long-time spilling water of drinking device.In hand, reserved a small amount of panel for replacing can avoid changing completely whole floor.The emerging floorboards of wood market of development is used relatively cheap and various materials to make panel, and uses ink-jet printer impressing pattern, for example, the wood grain of exotic tree species is printed on upper main face 12.It should be noted that these patterns are very complicated, it is almost impossible attempting to use pen finishing scratch.Equally, during initial purchase floor, a small amount of panel of extra over-bought, may save several thousand yuan.Also there is Similar Problems in floorboards of wood, adopts relatively cheap and various material Manufacture of Floor, and imitate the more expensive timber outward appearance of foreign import, to floor, dyes.

Should not underestimate the above-mentioned replacing business impact that entirely strip is come.Conventionally, this type of situation is by insurance company's defrayment.This has related impact to the minimizing of the increase of insurance premium and shareholder's dividend very naturally.Meanwhile, also life period problem, if insurance company can not assess loss, so needs to spend time several months finishing floor.

Consider now environment aspect.Conventionally, on floorboards of wood panel, scribble polyurethane or other sealants.Also likely coated with adhesive and glue.During like this due to burning, can produce toxic gas, so usually hinder by burning mode, damage impaired plank.Therefore, impaired plank must be discarded in garbage loading embeading pond.

The joint 10 that Fig. 1 to 9f describes is representative in a large amount of embodiment.Now a small amount of other selective embodiment will be introduced.When describing these embodiment, for joint 10, will use identical reference system, by adding numeric suffix, distinguish each specific embodiment of joint.

Figure 10 a and 10b have described second embodiment of the connected system 10a of substrate 12 employings.Connected system 10a consists of the male connection Jm relative along both sides and female adapter Jf.Can see, the General allocation structure of connected system 10a is identical with connected system 10 shown in Fig. 1 and 2.Particularly, male connection Jm comprises positive locking surface ML1, ML2 and ML3, flexure plane Im1, Im2 and Im3 and face Cm1, Cm2 and Cm3.Equally, female adapter Jf also comprises cloudy locking surface FL1, FL2 and FL3, flexure plane If1, If2 and If3, and face Cf1, Cf2 and Cf3.The locking surface of connected system 10a, flexure plane and other surperficial relative positions are conventionally identical with connected system 10.Yet, on concrete shape and case depth, there is nuance.Particularly, the face Cm1 in joint 10a is continuous bend, is different from the ridge 38 of connected system 10.In addition, curved surface Im1 and the If1 of engagement are more shallow, so the relevant interval 76 and 78 of lock plane 18 is less than the interval of connected system 10.Comparison diagram 10b and Fig. 1 b, can find out this nuance.In addition, curved surface Im3 and the If3 degree of depth diminish, and to a certain extent, do not have the interval 80 being equivalent on connected system 10.Meanwhile, also can find out that curved surface Im2 and the If2 in connected system 10a is shallower than surface corresponding in connected system 10, thereby while causing joint Jm on adjacent panels 12 and Jf engagement, the lap of surface C f2 and Cm2 is less.

Connected system 10a can be used under the environment identical with system 10, and material is identical.Yet because the degree of depth of curved surface I is more shallow, connected system 10a is more suitable for comparatively hard substrate, such as but not limited to bamboo clappers, like this, when passing through the neck of corresponding recesses Rm and Rf, the compressibility of protrusion Pm and Pf2 can be restricted.

Figure 11 a to 11d further introduces the embodiment of the connected system 10b of substrate 12 relative both sides outfit.

Connected system

10b and 10 substantial differences are: (a) configuration of direct neighbor curved surface Im3 and If3; (b) protrusion Pm upper groove 42 remove and the face 58 of recess R f on the formation of similar groove 42f.

Generally speaking, because curved surface Im3 and If3 are not that entire length is all smooth and easy or continuous camber, therefore, they are generally " tip-angled shape ".A part of face Cm3(curved surface Im3 for example) just there is the upper similar narrow rib 140 of rib 38 of describing of protrusion Pm with connected system 10.In addition, curved surface Im3 also has " V " type gear teeth 142, can stretch to the foundation 52 of recess R.On female adapter Jf, face Cf3 is ground as narrow rib 144.As shown in Figure 11 b, during joint Jm and Jf engagement, the gear teeth 142 top 145 near the face Cf3 being positioned under narrow rib 144.

The object of flexure plane Im3 and If3 structural change and effect, especially the gear teeth 142 that provide and the structural change of face Cf3 and Cm3, while making to maintain engagement, between joint, reach 5 ° to 10 ° or the larger relative anglec of rotation, thus the installation of auxiliary uneven lip-deep panel.As shown in Figure 11 c and 11d.With respect to panel 12a, the function that external screw thread connects panel 12b forward or the swing of direction raising is upward the most obvious.The tip 145 of the gear teeth 142 is by after rib 144, near the face Cm3 of the protrusion Pf in recess R f, provides facilitation for this reason.Therefore, protrusion Pf still keeps compressing between face Cm3 and Cm2, therefore, can maintain the engagement of horizontal and vertical direction.Connected system 10b makes panel tilt to rise with respect to the horizontal panel adjoining, i.e. protruding cross or floor gadget.

Figure 12 a and 12b have further described the embodiment of the connected system 10c of substrate 12 installations.About depth-to-width ratio, there is substantial difference in connected system 10c and 10.Compare connected system 10, connected system 10c can be used for the substrate that thickness is less.Because thickness and the degree of depth of substrate 12 are less, thus the male connection Jm of connected system 10c and female adapter Jf more shallow wider.Visual between

connected system

10c and 10 protrusion Pm and recess R f is relatively the most significant.In connected system 10c, protrusion Pm is wider and have more flat bottom surface 42, and recess R f is also like this.Broadening of protrusion Pm is the effect that face Cm3 profile comes to a point and produces equally.Yet the method for operating of connected system 10c is the same with connected system 10 with effect.Especially remaining three vertically planes 18,20 and 74 and substrate separately 12, can rotate 3 ° relative to each other in the reverse direction.

Figure 13 a and 13b have further described the embodiment of the connected system 10d that is applied to substrate 12.Connected system 10d and 10 substantial differences are the degree of depth and relative disposal of median curved surface Im3 and If3, and the width of protrusion P and recess R.In connected system 10d, curved surface Im3 and If3 are more shallow, and deflection horizontal direction (for example deflection is containing the plane of main face 14 and 16).Therefore, when male connection Jm and female adapter Jf engagement, only form inside and outside lock plane 18 and 20, the 3rd lock plane 74 of introducing in the connected system embodiment before not forming.In connected system 10d, on curved surface Im3, do not exist and in vertical direction, be positioned under the point on curved surface If3 and horizontal position point in the inner.And protruding P and the recess R of connected system 10d are wider.This can provide larger horizontal shear along surface of shear S1 and S2, and this power can be delivered to protrusion Pm and the Pf parallel with 16 with main face 14.This is conducive to the less panel of thickness (for example, 3-7 millimeter), not so, is subject to along the influence of shear force of surface of shear S1 and S2.However, in fact, the mode of operation of connected system 10d is identical with the mode of connected system 10-10c in perpendicular system, and the substrate 12 adjoining is without separately, just can rotate relative to each other 3 °.

Figure 14 a and 14b have shown the further embodiment that connected system 10e applies in substrate 12.Connected system 12 has embodied the basic conception identical with connected system 10, lock face, flexure plane and the horizontal expansion face especially with extreme (or penetralia and most external), they have formed

corresponding lock plane

18 and 20 and can rotation relatively between the male connection Jf of connection substrate 12 and female adapter Jm.And, because all embodiment of connected system 10e are all perpendicular systems, by the engagement tabs of exerting pressure perpendicular to the direction of first type surface 14 and 16.Yet, by comparing with connected system 10e, also very apparent, there is much difference aspect the concrete configuration of the protrusion P of connected system 10 on male connection or female adapter Jf and Jr and recess R.

From the male connection Jm in system 10e, there is a scarf 146 24 of first type surface 14 and side end faces.In addition,, between side end face 24 and flexure plane Im1, connected system 10e has formed right angle notch 148.Protrusion Pm is more symmetrical than the protrusion in connected system 10, and has the central slot of extending with the direction vertical with 16 with first type surface 14.In addition, the face 40 of protrusion Pm is flat, but not arc.Groove 150 can be protrusion Pm certain elasticity is provided.This elasticity is not for affecting the engagement of protrusion Pm and recess R f, but provides elastic force for the rotation of auxiliary flute Rf internal projection thing Pm.

This protrusion Pf is round than the corresponding prominence Pf in system 10, and also has the groove 152 that extends in parallel groove 150.Groove 152 also provides elastic force for protrusion Pf, assists it in socket Rm, to rotate.At 34 places, bottom of recess R f, face 58 be flat and with

first type surface

14 and 16 and face 40 keeping parallelisms.On female adapter Jf, 26 of flexure plane If1 and side surfaces have formed square shoulder 154.As shown in Figure 14 b, when joint Jf and Jm engagement, square shoulder 154 engagement notches 148.The further difference of connected system 10e aspect configuration is, at joint Jm place, provides the inclined-plane 156 of 56 of flexure plane Im2 and scarves.

By Figure 14 b, can be found out, the same with connected system 10, in connected system 10e, there are three

vertical lock plane

18,20 and 74.During male connection Jm engagement female adapter Jf, face 40 and 58 have formed space 158.Can with the same mode in space 44 shown in Fig. 1 b, use this space to collect fragment.

Figure 15 a and 15b have shown further embodiment when connected system 10f is attached to substrate 12.Compare with system 10, in connected system 10f, male connection Jm and female adapter Jf position are more shallow, and shape is more upright.Male connection Jm comprises flexure plane If1 and the flexure plane Im2 on corresponding face Cm1 and inner surface and the corresponding face Cm2 in outmost surface.Also have median surface Cm3, but without bent intermediate face Im3.Female adapter Jf is constructed as follows: face Cf1 and Cf2 separately in joint inner surface and outmost surface; And flexure plane If2.But connected system 10f is neither containing bent intermediate face If3, also not containing the flexure plane If2 in female adapter outmost surface.

Compare with connected system 10, protrusion P and recess R shape in connected system 10f are more upright.This can provide and the shear strength through improving the same in connected system 10d.When substrate 12 merges in connected system 10f, can mesh two lock plane 18(and be formed by face Cf1 and Cm1) and 20(by face Cf2 and Cm2, formed).The two-

dimensional surface

25 and 27 of upper each self-forming of protrusion Pm and Pf has formed " standard " middle lock face.Face 25 is vertical with first type surface 14 with 27.Joint Jm and Jf and face 25 adjacent one another are and 27 engagements.For joint Jm and Jf, the relative motion in vertical plane provides friction lock for it.It has with connected system 10f in the similar effect of lock plane 74 but slightly inferior.The face 40 of protrusion Pm and 58 docking of the face of recess R f form vertical interception between bonded substrate 12.

Between

connected system

10f and 10, the further configuration variance of existence is, has saved

scarf

56 and 64 in connected system 10f, and they guide to first type surface 16 by

face

50 and 62 respectively.Therefore,, in connected system 10f, face 54 and 66 directly extends to first type surface 16 from face Cm2 and Cf2 separately.

Figure 16 a and 16b have described deeper connected system 10g, and this system is applicable to the panel that plastic material (vinyl or other relatively soft/pliable and tough materials) is made.In connected system 10g, the various flexure planes of formation or the face of horizontal expansion form one or more two-dimensional surfaces.But, on each face of extreme lock plane 18 and 20, still there is the arcwall face of at least one outside horizontal expansion, promote rolling movement, make rotation between junction plate 12.More particularly, this can find out, the flexure plane Im1 that the protrusion Pm in connected system 10f forms first lock face ML1 and has adjacent surface 24 and close on.Flexure plane Im1 comprises that an intilted two-dimensional surface 160(is derived from face 24) and another two-dimensional surface 162(be parallel to that face 24 extends and adjacent with face 160).After this, flexure plane Im1 forms the face Cm1 of an arc or smooth curved.Face Cm1 forms protrusion Pm(and is arranged in the plane parallel with 16 with first type surface 14) two-dimentional bottom surface 40.Face 40 is adjacent with middle level and smooth flexure plane Cm3.But groove 163(is positioned at the position vertical with first type surface 14) replaced the exemplifying embodiment groove 42 of carrying above.Groove 163 has strengthened the ability that protrusion Pm compresses in recess R m, has promoted the rotation in recess R m.

Tilted two-dimensional plane starts to extend to form the two-dimensional surface of recess R m from face Cm3.Face 52 is positioned at the position parallel with first type surface 14.Two-dimensional surface 164 and face Cm3 form bent intermediate face Im3 and the 3rd positive lock plane ML3 jointly.Also have an acute angle, face 164 and face Cm3 join herein simultaneously.Male connection Jm penetralia surface ML2 includes flexure plane Im2 and the two-dimensional surface 56 at angle.Flexure plane Im2 has formed adjacent two-

dimensional surface

166 and 168, and these two faces relative to each other tilt, and form common depression in recess R m, but with angle or wedge angle.Flexure plane Im2 further forms another two-dimensional surface 170, and this face extends perpendicular to first type surface 14 and 16.This face enters subsequently scarf 56 and forms first type surface 16.

Female adapter Jf has first cloudy locking surface FL1, forms adjacent surface 26, and this face extends perpendicular to first type surface 14 and adjacent flex face If1.Flexure plane If1 is by the two-dimensional surface 172 tilting to recess R f, the two-dimensional surface 174 parallel with face 26 and the smooth curved concave surface that forms face 58 in recess R f bottom.The top of face 176,

face

172 and 174 form the face of horizontal expansion conventionally jointly with the form of convex cam Cf1.The face 58 of recess R f bottom 34 is flat and parallel with first type surface 14.After this, female adapter Jf forms median surface If3, and this face can be considered the inverted versions of flexure plane Im3.For this reason, flexure plane If3 has formed to the two-dimensional surface 180 of first type surface 14 directions inclinations and continuous smooth curved face Cf3.Face Cf3 engages with the two-dimensional surface 60 that is parallel to first type surface 14.In system 10f, the outermost of female adapter Jf consists of second cloudy lock face FL2, and this mask has level and smooth flexure plane Cf2, by this face, produces two-dimensional surface 62, produces subsequently inside scarf 64, and this face produces first type surface 16.

In the direction vertical with 16 with first type surface 14, apply the engageable joint Jm of power or pressure and Jf.From Figure 16 d, can obviously find out, because face Cf1 juxtaposition relative to Cf3 Cm1, Cm1 and Cm2, Cm3 causes connected system 10f to produce three

lock plane

18,20 and 74.And in the joint of engagement, face Cm1 and Cm3 are arranged in the angle of intersection of concave surface Rf, level and smooth flexure plane Cf2 and Cf3 are arranged in the angle of intersection that recess R m forms.In the present embodiment, it should be noted, in each internal layer and outermost layer lock plane, still have arc or level and smooth flexure plane C.Particularly, in lock plane 18, level and smooth flexure plane Cm1 can roll with respect to the face of joint Jf, and in lock plane 20, arcwall face Cf2 can roll on the face of male connection Jm.In addition the joint Jm creating between the field of conjugate action, and the symmetrical arrangements in Jf space or space have further assisted relatively rotating and allowing between joint to extend.

Figure 17 a and 17b have further described based on and have been very similar to the seam system 10h of connected system 10f.Particularly, system 10h has general shape and the configuration identical with system 10g, and substantial differences is there is no groove 163, and has shortened the length in scarf 56 and 64.The length of this shortening is that substrate 12h(thickness is less than substrate 12g) thickness function.In non-limiting example, the substrate 12g that is attached to connected system 10g may have the thickness of about 5.2 millimeters, and is attached to the thickness that the substrate 12h of connected system 10h may nearly 3.5 millimeters.

Aspect every other, the configuration and function of connected system 10h is identical with connected system 10h.

Figure 17 c has described other functions of connected system embodiment to 17e, introduced the ability of using single cover tool production system and different-thickness panel.It is the connected system 10h forming in the panel 12 of 3 millimeters that Figure 17 a and 17b have described nominal thickness.In Figure 17 c and 17d, the nominal thickness of 3 millimeters is labeled as to inner most horizon 14a and 16a.These lines represent the first type surface 14 and 16 of panel 12.If lower a pair of adjacent line 14b and 16b represent that panel 12(thickness is 3.5 millimeters) first type surface.The line group 14c that outward direction is adjacent and 16c, 14d and 16d, 14e and 16e, 14f and 16f represent that respectively thickness is the first type surface 14 and 16 of the panel 12 of 4 millimeters, 5 millimeters, 6 millimeters and 7 millimeters.Figure 17 e provides the phantom drawing of different-thickness panel 12.As below more detailed explanation, the ability of utilizing single cover cutting tool to manufacture connected system on the panel of different-thickness has the advantage of prior art.The further feature of this technology is, although the thickness of panel 12 changes, and the physical size that joint Jm and Jf and interlocking face are consistent.Therefore the dynamics, meshing between panel can not be affected due to the variation of plate thickness.

Figure 18 a and 18b have described the further embodiment of connected system 10i.Connected system 10i can be considered the various functions of described connected system are before melted into mixture all over the body.Male connection Jf and female adapter Jm comprise ball or the napiform root as protrusion P, and the recess R that has level and smooth or Curved Continuous curved surface.Arrange male connection Jf and female adapter Jm face C separately, with when intermeshing described in Figure 18 b, provide three lock plane 18,20 and 74.External screw thread and female adapter comprise two-dimentional cascaded surface 148 and 154, with parallel with the similar first type surface 14 of connected system 10e.In fact, connected system 10i can be considered the modification of connected system 10i, but has following difference: expand protrusion P and recess R separately; From become the edge tilt of face 24 and 26 perpendicular to first type surface 14; A flexure plane If1 part between face Cf1 and 154 upper ends realizes flattening; For directly extending to first type surface 16 from Cm2, extend scarf 56.From the contrast between Figure 18 b and 14b, should also be noted that and between two-dimensional surface 40 and 52, have now interval 82, and there is interval in the face between engagement tabs Jm and Jf 154 and 148.With regard to the engagement between joint, disengaging and rolling operation, connected system 10i operates in the mode identical with aforementioned connected system.

Figure 19 a and 19b have described the further embodiment of connected system 10j.Protrusion Pm and Pf have respectively the groove 163 and 152 that is similar to seam system 10e.In connected system 10j, face Cm1, Cm2, Cm3, Cf1 and Cf3 are level and smooth flexure planes.Yet the face Cf2 on female adapter Jf has angle, by a plurality of adjacent two-dimensional surfaces, formed.But, as shown in Figure 19 b, when joint Jm and Jf engagement, locking surface ML1 and FL1, ML2 and FL2, ML3 and FL3 form three lock plane 18,20 and 74 as described before.In each outermost lock plane 18 and 20, in two faces that mesh separately, there is a continuous bend.Particularly in lock plane 18 and 20, face Cm1 and Cm2 continuous bend.This has maintained connected system and just provides with negative ability in relative rotation and conciliate removing solid capacity, therefore, should, described in embodiment before, move in an identical manner and change the substrate of damage.Connected system 10j also further comprises face 146 and 154, is similar to subsystem 10e, but in the case, these faces are partial to the acute angle interior angle with respect to first type surface 14.In addition, protrusion Pm carries out relative configuration with recess R f, with at face 40 and 58 relative large spaces of formation or interval 190.Groove 152,163 provides hangs inside system, enables the compression of protrusion Pm and groove Pf, assists rolling movement.

Figure 20 a and 20b have described the further embodiment of connected system 10k.Curved Continuous curved surface Cm1, Cm2 and Cm3 have formed protrusion Pm.In cloudy side, with face Cf2 and the Cf3 formation protrusion Pf at angle, face Cf1 comprises adjacent two-dimensional surface 191,192 and 193.Face Cf3 comprises adjacent two-dimensional surface 194,195 and 196.It is parallel with first type surface 14 that face 191 and 194 all produces protrusion Pf() face 60.Face 192 and 195 all extends perpendicular to first type surface 14, and face 193 and 196 is towards inclining towards each other, and face 193 produces the face 162 of relative tilts, this face then produce inscribe but the basic scarf 64 parallel with face 193.Face 64 produces first type surface 16.The path 34 of recess R f consists of two-dimensional surface 46, and this two-dimensional surface is positioned at the position parallel with first type surface 14, and oppositely outwards departs from face 197 and 198.Face 198 produces intilted 199, and this face transfers to form adjacent two-dimensional surface 200.Face 200 is positioned at the position vertical with first type surface 14 and engages with face 154.Face 196 and 197, face 198 and 199 combination, formed the groove separately of placed side Cm1 shown in Figure 20 b is clear and definite and Cm3.

Check male connection Jm, can see, in recess R m, the other end of face 52 has produced continuous outward-dipping face 201 and 202.Then, face 201 produces two-dimensional surface 203, and this face produces face Cm2.At opposite side, the face 202 of formation is adjacent with other two-dimensional surfaces 204, and then, this face produces face Cm3.Face 203 and 204 is positioned at the position vertical with first type surface 14.At binding site, face 201,203 and part face Cm2 form the groove of face Cf2.Equally, the combination of face 202,204 and part face Cm3 has formed another groove of placed side Cf3.

Protrusion Pm also consists of two-dimensional surface 205, and this two-dimensional surface is positioned at the position vertical with first type surface 14 and in face Cm1 and 148 extensions of face.During joint Jm and Jf engagement, face 205 and 204 is spaced, and face 148 and 154,

face

26 and 24 separately faces and connect.

Figure 21 a and 20b have described the further embodiment of connected system 10l.Protrusion Pm has a positive locking surface ML1, from first type surface 14, has at first a little scarf (being similar to the scarf showing in connected system 10e and 10i) and to downward-extension, ends at level and smooth flexure plane Cm1.This first positive locking surface ML1 has also formed flexure plane Im1, and this face comprises a two-dimensional surface part 220 and starts to extend to face Cm1 from scarf 146.

Protrusion Pm also wraps and groove 158 similar in connected system 10e.The protrusion Pm forming with curved distal curved surface 40 and normally center line by the balanced configuration of groove 158.For this reason, the line of shortest spacing 50 has been crossed over protrusion Pm(and has been positioned in the plane parallel with first type surface 14) neck.Groove 158 in protrusion Pm near face 40 to external expansion, thereby form two pins or with the branch of circle or bent back ends 221.

On the side of the protrusion Pm contrary with flexure plane IM1, the 3rd flexure plane Im3 and corresponding the 3rd positive lock plane ML3 smooth curved and produce two-dimensional surface 52 in the bottom 32 of recess R m.Face 52 is positioned at the position parallel with first type surface 14.In a contrary side of recess R m, the joint Jm of formation is with second positive locking surface ML2, and forms level and smooth flexure plane IM2 by it, produces scarf 56 subsequently by IM2.

First cloudy locking surface FL1 in joint Jf forms the short scarf 155 starting from first type surface 14, has formed a short scarf, after also have a two-dimensional surface 222 that extends vertically up to first type surface 14.Face 222 produces flexure plane If1, this flexure plane smooth curved and extending towards the bottom 34 of recess R f.Bottom 34 has one and is parallel to the two-dimensional surface 46 that interarea 14 extends.This face 46 produces the 3rd flexure plane If3, this face smooth curved and being consistent with the 3rd cloudy locking surface FL3.The distal face of cloudy protrusion Pf extends and is positioned in the plane parallel with first type surface 14 between second cloudy locking surface FL2 and the 3rd cloudy locking surface FL3.Second cloudy locking surface FL2 continues to extend to first type surface 16 in smooth curved mode, crosses flexure plane IF2, produces subsequently scarf 64.

From Figure 21 b, each positive locking surface separately and cloudy locking surface and corresponding flexure plane mesh for

lock plane

18,20 and 74 separately.

In the further variation of connected system 10l embodiment, shown in the brief bonding pearl B(dotted line describing in detail) can in the opening of groove 158, hold.This is meshing between panel and extra vertically is provided between cushion pad.

Figure 22 has described the further embodiment that utilizes the connected system 10m of joint Jf and Jm described in the panel 12a of independent but engagement and 12b.Connected system 10m is similar to connected system 10 described in Fig. 1 a – 2, and Main Differences is the configuration of face Cm3 and If3 in positive protrusion Pf.In connected system 10m, face Cf3 is outwards horizontal expansion further, to when Jm and Jf engagement, hook below face Cf3.Compare with connected system 10, this can provide larger resistance along mid-plane 74.And face Cf3 has little ridge or groove 38, be similar to configuration and the effect at peak 38 in face Cm1.Due to the configuration of face Cf3, when joint Jm rotates with the negative direction with respect to joint Jf, between face Cm3 and Cm2, the grasping plate of protrusion Pf or extruding can increase.Joint Jm is particularly applicable, but and not exclusive be applicable to use together with panel that more soft material is made or substrate.

Figure 23 a and 18b have described the further embodiment of connected system 10n.Connected system 10m is different from connected system 10 described in figure 1 – 3b, and the former provides three extra grooves, i.e. groove 42b, and it is positioned at the bottom of recess R f; Groove 42c is positioned at the bottom of recess R m; Groove 42d is positioned on protrusion Pf.It is during for joint Jm and Jf engagement that groove 42d is positioned at herein, and groove 42 and 42b be towards each other, thereby forms cylindrical or oval space 230 substantially.Equally, the position of

groove

42c and 42d be for when the meshing with Jf of joint Jm towards each other, to form another oval space 232 substantially.Space 230 can be used as obstruction or space, to collect dust and other foreign material that produce during the substrate 12 in laying connected system Jm.

Or, can provide in

groove

42 and 42b the elastic adhesive being configured to of the repeated stickup of pre-laying extend to 42 and 42b in another one groove in.Statement in whole manual and requirement " can repeat the adhesive of stickup " and refer to the adhesive that can remove and again adhere to, and can not solidify or be solidified into firm Stiff Block, and long-term (such as many years) maintain the characteristics such as pliability, elasticity and viscosity.Can repeat bonding characteristic and refer to while being applied to second face, can after this by pulling force or shearing force, remove adhesive, and can again apply when needed (for example maximum 10 times), and can significantly not reduce adhesion strength subsequently.Therefore, adhesive can provide removable or impermanency to fix.Pliability and flexible characteristic requirements adhesive do not solidify, hardening or process through processing, but still keep certain flexibility, toughness and elasticity.This type of adhesive is commonly called flexible type or " nasal mucus type " glue and pressure-sensitive hot melt adhesive.The commercial binder example that can use in an embodiment of the present invention includes but not limited to: SCOTCH-WELD ^tMthe GLUE DOTS of low fusibleness viscosity glue and the Jiao Dian world, Wisconsin State ^tM.

It should be noted that the manufacturer that can repeat bonding glue/adhesive may advise that this adhesive is not suitable for special material.Timber for example.But, when connected system is arranged on wooden or the panel based on timber, do not hinder the use of this type of adhesive.This is because panel wooden or based on timber is used polymeric sealant or other coatings conventionally.Therefore, if manufacturer recommend on polymer surfaces, to use, this adhesive can be wooden at polymer coating or the panel based on timber on use.

Or, can be simultaneously for providing,

groove

42 and 42b can repeat bonding adhesive, and when joint Jm and Jf engagement, can allow above-mentioned two grooves intermesh like this.

In a similar fashion, can by one or two in

groove

42c and 42d provide below description type repeat bonding pearl adhesive.When only, for one in

groove

42c and 42d while providing adhesive, this adhesive can be configured to pearl, to extend among another in groove 42c and 42d.But, when two faces are all used adhesive, when jointing material still keeps pearl, can be formed by the adhesive of less thickness or the degree of depth.

The jointing material providing has multi-effect.First, it can assist the possibility of horizontal or vertical separation to drop to minimum during the normal service life of substrate 12.In addition, this adhesive can play sealing function, prevent moisture by joint from first type surface 14 enter first type surface 16 or when laying substrate 12 moisture by surface, ooze out in opposite direction.And, owing to thering is the removal system of above-mentioned uniqueness, so can repeat bonding adhesive can not affect the ability that removes and change one or more impaired substrates 12.Because it is bonding that adhesive can repeat, particularly can not solidify or solidify, so removal system is still effective to the one or more panels 12 that remove, and can not damage the adjacent connection in abutting connection with panel 12 not removing.

Another function of connected system 10n is, locking surface ML3 and FL3 have separately two-dimensional surface 210 and 212(the two is parallel with lock plane 74).When joint Jm and Jf engagement, these faces are forced together.If do not smear wax on these faces, they can provide frictional force for middle lock plane 74.This type of has the middle lock plane of frictional force to be arranged on other above-mentioned faces.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 23 c-23i, adhesive is only applied to male connection Jm, but not in two grooves of female adapter Jf.In this type of embodiment, owing to can repeating the character of bonding adhesive, while removing substrate 12 from adjacent abuts substrate, this adhesive is still retained in the

groove

42 and 42c that is removed substrate.In addition, the character of adhesive is that it still remains in the groove providing at first.In Figure 23 c-23i, this is described to some extent, this figure has progressively shown the joint Jm of connected system 10n and the detach procedure of Jf.

That Figure 23 c shows is engagement joint Jm and

Jf before.Groove

42 and 42c have the pearl B1 and the B2 that repeat bonding adhesive 300 that are covered with released strip R1 and R2 separately.Adhesive-free in

groove

42b and 42d.

Figure 23 d shows, after removing released strip R1 and R2, joint Jm and Jf mesh completely, therefore, in pearl B1 and B2, repeats the surface that bonding adhesive 300 can be attached to

groove

42b and 42d.

Figure 23 e-23i demonstration, in the embodiment of any connected system, the typical detach procedure of joint Jm and Jf.At first, joint Jm is with respect to joint Jf reverse (clockwise direction) rotation, and from recess R f, release projection thing Pm, applies descending pressure to female adapter Jf subsequently.Can repeat bonding adhesive can be crooked and mobile in separation process, thereby allow rotation, pulls out subsequently, to be retained in

groove

42 and 42c from

groove

42b and 42d.

The glue pearl that is bonded to joint J can also absorb the fragment in the groove that is attached with glue pearl B.For example, the glue pearl B being attached in groove 42 can absorb the fragment in the groove 42b that is attached with glue pearl B.Fragment is attached to the external surface of glue pearl B at first.Because panel 12 during normal use moves, so glue pearl B also can move and rotate.This has the effect that fragment is sucked to adhesive, and therefore, adhesive can wrap fragment and new adhesive surface is provided, thereby is attached on groove 42b.

In each embodiment describing before, one or more glue pearls can be provided, to extra vertical and horizontal lock intensity is provided, can guarantee running completely and the benefit of embodiment simultaneously.For example, can be by providing one or more grooves 42 to realize in joint Jm or Jf.The thickness that depends on glue pearl, may need or not need to receive groove on other joints Jm and Jf.Can will provide the behavior that can repeat bonding adhesive to be considered as providing extra lock plane to connected system.

Conventionally, as shown in the example above, only in two opposed facing grooves 42 places adhesive.The bonding force producing while contacting the contrary groove surfaces in another piece substrate with adhesive is compared, and the bonding force producing while at first adhesive being placed in to this groove is stronger.Therefore,, while removing substrate, the adhesive being applied at first on this substrate will be retained on this substrate.

In all embodiment of above-mentioned connected system 10, it should be noted, protrusion Pm is different with Pf configuration, that is, can not replace mutually.Equally, the configuration of recess R m and Rf is also different, that is, can not replace mutually.More particularly, protrusion and the groove of engagement are not complementary configurations separately.Therefore, protrusion Pm and Pf, recess R m and Rf, joint Jm and Jf are asymmetric.Therefore,, when protrusion meshes in recess R, at inside and

outside lock plane

18 and 20 places, between positive locking surface and cloudy locking surface ML1, FL1 and ML2, FL2, can form space or interval.By the space that can supply protrusion rotation but can not depart from is provided, this contributes in the embodiment of connected system, to provide in the opposite direction (maximum 3 °) to roll or the ability of rotation.This then contribute to realize the ease for use of connected system, and succeed on the floor rising and falling.This is by obtaining those skilled in the art's approval, because it can meet the real needs to floor system in DIY market, the system of using for a long time so far needs high-quality underlying surface successfully to install.

Because the concrete configuration of this connected system meets the specific requirement of the embodiment of the present invention, particularly they are real perpendicular systems, so manufacturer can be used single cover cutting tool to produce the panel with extensive thickness range.For example, for manufactured goods or natural wood substrate, single cover cutting tool can be produced connected system on the panel within the scope of 20 millimeters to 8 millimeters, desiredly just depth of cut is adjusted.Equally, use the plastic front board such as LVT, as shown in Figure 17 c-17e and as described in, single cover cutting tool can be produced connected system on the panel within the scope of 7 millimeters to 3 millimeters.This has great commercial advantage, can reduce and marry again customer's cost of production with it.

The cost scope of complete connected system cutting tool is conventionally between 30,000 to 50,000 dollars.Conventionally, a set of cutting tool for prior art joint can be used for two kinds of different thickness.For example, a set of is the joint on 7-6 millimeter panel for thickness; The second cover is the joint on 5-4 millimeter panel for thickness.More transducer set cutting tool also needs to spend about 3 hours, then, also needs to spend a few hours new kit is assembled on cutting machine.Next, before again starting full large-scale production, need to carry out several trial run, and assess product, so that fine setting instrument and machine setting.If only need to adjust when change depth of cut, so new cutting tool does not just have cost, and total duration of downtime also can be reduced to about 1 hour.Another one benefit is that production scale is relatively little, can carry out relatively little production run with lower cost, thereby completes larger production.This can increase competitiveness, then is of value to customer.

As shown in Figure 24 a-26e, semifloating/half directly adhesive surface covering system may be provided by many substrates 12, merges above-mentioned arbitrary connected system 10 and further merges the bonding adhesive 300 that repeats that is attached to first first type surface 16.Can repeat bonding adhesive 300 for connecting sealant or diaphragm seal (not shown), it is for the soffit of adhesive bonding agent 300.Commercially available a lot of sealants can be carried out this function.For example, this type of sealant may comprise BONDCRETETM or CROMMELINTM concrete curing sealing agent.The type of the sealant that uses only depends on the surface type of application semifloating surface coverage system.Object is to prevent dust, otherwise dust may disturb the bond strength of blue adhesive 300.

Other people use glue that substrate is adhered on floor in the past.Especially adhesive is always for adhering to soffit by wood flooring.Yet just investor understands, all these type systematics are all used that specially designed the glue solidifies or be cured as firm adhesive layer.In timber or wood floors field, be referred to as " directly bonding " floor.Someone once proposed to use adhesive, and this adhesive need to spend 1 hour or realization in 2 hours is solidified or solidifies, and makes setter in installation process, remove floor, guarantees accurate alignment.In fact, somebody proposes, uses cost possibly to reach the adhesive of realizing completely curing or sclerosis for 28 days.

Compare with floating type floor, some customers prefer direct bonding floor, because it gives a kind of firmer sensation of people, and obviously there will not be bounce-back while walking in the above, also can not send creak or squeak.Yet a shortcoming on direct bonding floor is to use very in disorderly, adhesive solidifies after (specialized designs), removes and/or repair one or more impaired panel very difficult.Remove direct glue panel and conventionally need to use electric tools first to penetrate the cross section of panel, then use very large strength to strike off residue on sheet material and the adhesive of soffit.This operation can produce a large amount of dust and noise, certainly, and owing to conventionally can spending the corresponding time, so produce large amounts of spending.

By above-mentioned, repeat bonding adhesive for combining the substrate 12 of connected system, can make semifloating surface coverage system possess the advantage of traditional floating type surface coverage and direct bonding covering, and a lot of shortcomings that do not have direct adhesive surface to cover.Specifically, use can repeat bonding adhesive 300 and eliminate bounce-back and the noise that traditional floating type floor usually occurs, still, due to the flexible and elastic characteristic of adhesive, can repeat bonding adhesive 300 and still have buffering to a certain degree, can not solidify or solidify.And due to the change of the ambient conditionss such as temperature and humidity, the characteristic of adhesive also can make substrate/panel 12 be moved.And direct bonding floor does not possess this characteristic.In fact, recently, due to the very stiff shortage flexibility of conventional adhesive, cause the direct bonding problem that occurred of compressed bamboo substrate in world market.Therefore, due to the change of ambient conditions, compressed bamboo is in requisition for mobile or expansion, and direct bonding adhesive limit is done like this.Therefore, a plurality of floor, world association proposes, and compressed bamboo can not directly adhere on substrate, but is limited to the application in floating type floor system, and it can be moved because of dynamic seasonal variety.

Providing of bonding adhesive can be provided also makes its soffit sticking together occur to rise and fall or change.This has benefited from pearl or banded adhesive 300, perpendicular to 6 millimeters of measured thickness and 1 –, the particularly

first type surface

14,16 of 2 – 4mm millimeters.Except soffit changes, above-mentioned adhesive also has advantages of acoustic connection: (a) eliminate traditional floating type floor because of bounce-back or be out of shape noise and the squeak that may produce; (b) stop the vibration (being noise) between adjacent panels to be transmitted; And (c) stop vibration (being noise) in tier building to be transmitted to immediately adjacent lower level from higher level.This forms sharp contrast with direct bonding glue again, because these glue are curable, is rigidity adhesive linkage, thereby can not stop vibration or noise transmission.

According to the use described in actual conditions, can repeat the appearance that merits and demerits that bonding adhesive has has promoted floor covering system (comprising substrate) above, it can be chimeric and applies this adhesive.This type systematic might not need longitudinal connected system of the above-mentioned type, also may use with together with the connected system of other types.In fact, in some cases, it is believed that can repeat bonding adhesive theory impels the appearance without the surface coverage system of connection substrate.Therefore, in one embodiment, may have semifloating surface coverage system, it comprises a plurality of substrates, and on each substrate, first is relative with second first type surface, and the arrangement of first first type surface is parallel with covering surfaces and relative; Above-mentionedly much can repeat bonding adhesive attachment to first first type surface; One or more released strips cover removable adhesive.

In an embodiment, imagination adhesive 300 is by the process for the production of substrate 12.Therefore, in this embodiment, commodity will comprise the box (for example) of substrate 12, have the adhesive material 300 of the one or more series that cover released strip 302.Like this, setter can if it does not exist, be mounted to face 304 by sealant or diaphragm seal by using this adhesive that surface coverage is only installed, remove released strip 302 and by substrate 12 by soffit 304.If substrate also comprises a kind of connected system, such as (but being not limited to) above-mentioned connected system 10 etc., the connection that then setter will engage adjacent panel in installation process.

In an example, imagination, by strip or pearl hot-fusible pressure-sensitive adhesive are rolled to first type surface 16, is used adhesive material 302.The adhesive 300 using in Figure 24 a-24c is stripes of adhesive, and the adhesive 300 using in Figure 25 a and 25b is glue pearl B adhesive.In can repeating the embodiment of bonding adhesive, it is said that this adhesive is GLUE DOTSTM drops of adhesive, machine 16 can use this drops of adhesive.

In the present embodiment, can repeat in a large number three septal lines of bonding adhesive 300 for extending on the longitudinal L of panel 12.Yet as below making more detailed explanation, adhesive material 300 can be for different configurations.Can repeat bonding adhesive material 300 is covered by one or more released strips 302.In described embodiment, single released strip 302 is separately for each single adhesive material 300 series.Yet in alternative embodiment, size and first type surface 16 sizes substantially identical single released strip can be used for can repeating in a large number bonding adhesive 300.In such cases, while using substrate 12, setter only needs to peel off a released strip 302, rather than a lot of single released strip.

Figure 24 c and 25b have described the adhesive service condition based on soffit 304 upper surface covering systems, and for example, soffit 304 may be concrete slab.Use panel 12, must remove released strip 302 and directly point to or use during towards face 304 panel 12 at face 16.By making adhesive material 300 contact surfaces 304 and exerting oneself to pressing down, panel 12 adheres on face 304.Other panels 12 can be adhered to equally face 304 and occur chimericly, form surface coverage.Adhesive material 300 viscosity are very strong, and opposite 304 has powerful adhesive power, can prevent from promoting or separated panel 12 and face 304 under regular service conditions.It is believed that, the adhesive (Figure 25 a and 25b) of glue pearl B form can provide larger moving horizontally, and this usually occurs in the situation that ambient conditions (as temperature and humidity) changes.This is because mellow and full natural glue pearl Type B adhesive may be more conducive to convenient rolling or shearing rolling effect compared with stripes of adhesive.

Can use above-mentioned same method to remove and damage panel (there is no connected system, or there is no the connected system of the above-mentioned type, be i.e. longitudinal connected system), see Fig. 6 a-6s.That is to say, use one or more jack 92 longitudinally to remove damage panel.Figure 26 a – 26e has described the upper situation that removes of damaging panel 12b of part semifloating surface coverage system (comprising

adjacent panels

12a and 12c).Each piece panel of semifloating floor system forms by connected system 10, all meets each embodiment of above-mentioned connected system.In addition, glue pearl Type B adhesive material 300 adheres to soffit 90 by panel 12.In this specific embodiment, between the joint Jm of connected system 10 and Jf, there is no glue pearl adhesive material.Yet in alternative, there is this type of adhesive material.Remove in the process of panel 12b, between joint Jm and Jf, provide extra adhesive nonsensical.That is to say, no matter whether there is adhesive material between joint Jm and Jf, remove process still identical.

Figure 26 b – 26e shown in order jack 92 is installed to and damages plate 12b, and operates in order jack, promotes the step of panel 12b from face 90.Order and the method for operating of these steps are same as described above, see Fig. 6 d – 6h.Yet, in the case, due to glue pearl Type B adhesive 300 being provided, so operation jack 92 vertical promotion panel 12b also have initial bending and stretching glue pearl Type B adhesive, thereby cause glue pearl Type B adhesive effect separated with soffit 90 and that therefrom promote.Generally, by panel 12b, near region jack 92 outwards rises to compared with the process of low country, this can occur in order operation jack.Therefore, first glue pearl Type B adhesive separated with face 90 will be that those are positioned at shank 96 both sides of jack 92 or apart from its nearest adhesive.Along with jack 92 progressively promotes panel 12b, the nearest glue pearl Type B adhesive 300 of pearl adhesive that distance has just departed from will depart from face 90 and other positions.

Conventionally, whole glue pearl Type B will be mentioned from face 90, can still stick together on substrate 12 like this.In some cases, seldom the adhesive 300 of part may still be stayed on soffit 90.Operation jack 92 rises to panel 12b after the degree of all glue pearl Type B adhesives and panel disengaging, normally removes the remainder of flow process as shown in Fig. 6 g – 6i; In fact, the illustrated and described whole replacement flow process of Fig. 6 j – 6o is for reinserting brand-new not damage panel.

Will be noted that, some glue pearl Type B adhesives 300 are separated with 12c with adjacent panels 12a.Recover in flow process, still the pearl adhesive in

panel

12a and 12c will adhere on soffit 90 again.In addition, when brand-new panel is connected on

panel

12a and 12c, the adhesive 300 on brand-new panel also can adhere on surface 90.

Scrutable as those skilled in the art, aspect the ability on the impaired floor of accurate reparation, this has huge advantage than directly sticky floor system.Aspect the best repair of impaired floor, generally acknowledged industry standard is to peel off all panels from the impaired panel of distance or the nearest wall of the impaired panel of polylith.And use directly sticky system, and be difficult to aforesaid operations, to such an extent as to generally, reparation personnel take a shortcut, only attempt removing and only replacing impaired panel.This makes to reconnect the mechanical splice between panel.If due to environment expansion or shrink, or only owing to the unidimensional brand-new panel such as can not finding to cause the size of panel to change, installing so also needs to use filler conventionally, gapped with the institute of filling up between existing panel and new installation panel.

In the embodiment of connected system 10, in conjunction with another feature of substrate, be oppositely to lay.In this area, be oppositely equipped with two implications.An implication refers to the ability of laying from panel both sides.For example, suppose that first panel is roughly arranged in the centre position of room parallel walls.By reverse laying ability, two setters (or two groups of setters) can be from laying away from the place of first panel in the opposite direction.This has greatly reduced the set-up time naturally.The method is for directly gluing panel, advantage be can be relative in room between the walls fully distribute, remarkable visual attraction is provided.Can oppositely lay directly sticky panel, this is because laying person can use glue fixedly middle part, room or near first panel of optimum position it, near the operation of minimizing wall as far as possible.Other panels can be pasted from the opposition side of first panel.Use floating floor can not realize, this is unfixing because be placed in first panel of optimum position, and it is in quick condition, so can not be as the basis of laying in the opposite direction.

Another implication of oppositely laying refers to the ability of engagement panel 12, and these panels mutual vertical (or with the direction beyond parallel) are extended.For example, this can be laid to as herringbone.

Current prior art, or even directly glue technology, being difficult to realize reverse laying floor, this is because traditional method is, must start from the place away from female adapter to lay.This be because, in current existing laying flow process technology, male connection is conventionally than the short 50+% of female adapter, like this, the horizontal panel that male thread portion is engaged to female thread portion and arrives locking needs or does not need to create very not extreme angle.Because existing connected system 10 is vertical, so there is not laying flow process.The vertical attribute of connected system 10 is very easy to from any side engagement panel it, or male connection is placed in the female adapter of exposure, thereby with direction, lay, or before sliding, laid the female adapter under the male connection of panel, thereby lay in the opposite direction.

Figure 27 a and 27b have illustrated above-mentioned various aspects or the implication of reverse laying.Figure 27 a has shown the plan view 400 of building, the floor covering layers in this building a lot of panels 12.Figure 27 b has shown the enlarged drawing details A of Figure 27 a, comprises the portion of channel of building.Suppose to lay traditional floating floor in this building.Laying person will select a sidewalls (for example, the wall 402 in room 403) as initial wall, to lay herein first panel 12a.As everyone knows, the wall in building is all mutually fully not parallel or vertical, and may depart from 100 millimeters or more.In front plan views, generally, wall 404 is parallel with wall 402 but not exclusively parallel, and may be unjustified, and the difference in length between wall 402 and 404 opposite ends is approximately 100 millimeters.Therefore,, when laying person lays other panels (such as

panel

12b, 12c etc. until panel 12p), the dislocation between wall 404 and 402 or depart from clearly, because the edge of panel 12p wall 404 immediately not.And, between panel 12p and wall 404 edges, there is gap, need to use the panel 12p that cuts sth. askew to carry out end-to-end laying, to fill up the gap between panel 12p and wall 404.(this can be interpreted as, and for single panel, it is uncommon having sufficient length to extend to meet the total length requirement in room 403.Therefore,

panel

12a, 12b etc. are convenient to describe with reference to being only used to.For example, generally, panel 12a, the 12b etc. shown in room 403 will comprise the panel of a lot of end-to-end connections.）

Significantly dislocation between wall 402 and 404 is highlighted by the panel 12q that cuts sth. askew.In Figure 27 a, can also see, exist opening 406 and 408 as the doorway that enters 410He entrance hall, room 412.The panel that

room

410 and 412 is laid is along same direction, and with room 403 in panel 12 in line.Then, the dislocation that can exist between panel and house sidings.

Yet this situation also can be seen in other regions, for example room 414,416 and entrance hall 418, generally, the laying of panel 12 is vertical with the panel that other rooms are laid.This is the second type or oppositely lays the illustration of type.

Use the directly sticky floor system (seeing Figure 24 a – 25b) of above-mentioned semifloating half, laying person now can be using room 401 center line 420 as the starting point of first panel of laying, then carry out the other way around fire-to-hydrant lay.Like this, from visual angle, by sharing the panel 12 between adjacent wall 402 and 404, can farthest reduce the dislocation between wall 402 and 404.Can be positioned at traditional floating floor and lay the position that practice provides by tiltedly wearing panel 12i and 12j() center line 420 see this effect.

Owing to the embodiment of longitudinal connected system and surface coverage system being elaborated, so it is evident that, to those skilled in the art, can in the situation that not departing from basic conception of the present invention, make many modifications and variations.For example, determine to implement in floorboards of wood panel.Yet these systems are applicable to a lot of different materials, also can be for surface or the structure beyond floor.For example, the panel that merges connected system can be used plastic material to make, to meet LVT(" luxurious vinyl tiles ") demand in market, or the base substrate of making as plastic material provides, above the panel of other materials (as carpet or ceramic tile) is attached to.In this embodiment, synthetic panel has laminated-type structure, and pedestal comprises the embodiment of this connected system, and panel provides the facing of hope for customer.It is evident that very much, the numerous characteristics of different embodiment has interchangeability maybe can add use.For example, groove 42 can be used in each embodiment of connected system.Also can: the groove 42b type shown in Figure 22 a, or groove 42b, 42c and 42d that can be extra.And, can repeat bonding adhesive 300 and can be used for this type of groove.Jack 92 is also described to jackscrew.But also can use jack or the Hoisting System of other types, for example lever jack or pneumatic or hydraulic operating system.In addition, connected system 10 is mainly described in the application of application elongated face plate.Yet they can be used for the panel of any shape that can be chimeric.For example, connected system can be used for square, hexagon or triangular panels.And the shape of panel and/or size do not need identical.

For the ordinary skill in the art, within apparent all these type of modifications and variations and other guide are all regarded as the scope in this invention, character undetermined forms foregoing description and additional claim.

Claims

1. the longitudinal connected system of substrate has relative first and second first type surface, and this connected system comprises:

2. longitudinal connected system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, by the surface of configuration horizontal expansion, can, in the situation that maintaining two substrate engagements, make two substrates that meshed relatively rotate 3 °.

3. longitudinal connected system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, by the surface of configuration horizontal expansion, can be in the situation that maintaining two substrate engagements, one that makes to mesh in substrate is rotated 7 ° to 10 ° with respect to another towards the surface direction of laying substrate.

4. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claims 1 to 3 any, it is characterized in that, rely on the unsymmetric structure configuration of the first and second joints, at least the side in each lock plane forms a space.

5. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 1 to 4 any, it is characterized in that, at least one the horizontal expansion surface being at least associated with a lock plane has convex row curved profile.

6. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 1 to 4 any, it is characterized in that, at least one lock plane, one of them horizontal expansion surface has convex row curved profile, and another has the profile that contains one or more straight line.

7. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 1 to 4 any, it is characterized in that, each horizontal expansion surface has convex row curved profile.

8. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 7, it is characterized in that, two or more horizontal expansions surface has convex row curved profile.

9. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 1 to 8 any, it is characterized in that, each joint comprises a protrusion extending with engagement direction, and an adjacent notches forming along substrate respective side; Horizontal expansion surface forms in the outermost surface of each protrusion and the innermost surface of each groove.

10. longitudinal connected system according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the protrusion of the first joint has napiform root profile, and its neck width narrows down, the outermost that wherein the parts transversely extensional surface on the first joint protrusion closes on neck.

11. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 9 or 10, it is characterized in that, the groove of the second joint has napiform root profile, and its neck width narrows down, the outermost that wherein the parts transversely extensional surface on the second joint groove closes on neck.

12. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 10 or 11, it is characterized in that, contain cross each neck beeline straight line plane relative tilt in first type surface.

13. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 11 or 12, it is characterized in that, contains the plane of crossing each neck beeline straight line and is positioned at relative tilt in the plane of first type surface.

14. longitudinal connected systems according to claim 13, is characterized in that, each beeline straight line that crosses each neck is parallel to each other.

15. connected systems according to claim 13, is characterized in that, cross the beeline straight line conllinear of each neck.

16. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 1 to 15 any, it is characterized in that, each horizontal expansion surface forms part flexure plane separately.

17. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 1 to 16 any, it is characterized in that, the first and second joints form by the 3rd horizontal expansion surface between two horizontal expansion surfaces of this joint, the 3rd horizontal expansion surface staggered relatively forms the 3rd lock plane between the first and second lock plane, the 3rd horizontal expansion surface being wherein associated with the 3rd lock plane is from the opposite face of the 3rd lock plane, direction horizontal expansion towards each other, the 3rd horizontal expansion surface of the second joint and the 3rd horizontal expansion surface in alignment of the first joint or be suspended in it above.

18. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 1 to 16 any, it is characterized in that, the first and second joints are through configuration relatively, for the 3rd lock plane, in the direction parallel with engagement direction, be engaged with each other, to prevent that the joint that meshed is separated, the 3rd lock plane is parallel to the first and second lock plane and between between the two.

19. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 18, it is characterized in that, the first and second joints all comprise the 3rd horizontal expansion surface, and in the situation that joint meshes, the 3rd horizontal expansion surface extends to the offside of the 3rd lock plane.

The longitudinal connected system of 20. substrate has relative first and second first type surface, and this connected system comprises:

21. longitudinal connected systems according to claim 20, is characterized in that, at two substrates, continue to keep, under the state of engagement, by configuration flexure plane, can make the substrate of two engagements relatively rotate 3 °.

22. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 20 or 21, it is characterized in that, by configuration flexure plane, can be in the situation that maintaining two substrate engagements, one that makes to mesh in substrate is rotated 7 ° to 10 ° with respect to another towards the surface direction of laying substrate.

23. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 20 to 22, it is characterized in that, each joint all comprises the 3rd flexure plane, and relatively configures by the 3rd flexure plane to separately, can make to be engaged with each other, thereby between the first and second lock plane, form the 3rd lock plane.

24. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 20 to 23 any, it is characterized in that, relies on the unsymmetric structure configuration of the first and second joints, and at least the side in each lock plane forms a space.

25. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 20 to 24 any, it is characterized in that, at least one flexure plane being associated with each lock plane has convex row curved profile.

26. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 20 to 24 any, it is characterized in that, the flexure plane being associated with a lock plane has full curve profile, and the profile of another flexure plane of this lock plane comprises one or more straight line.

27. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 20 to 24 any, it is characterized in that, each flexure plane has full curve profile.

28. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 20 to 27 any, it is characterized in that, each joint comprises a protrusion extending with engagement direction, and an adjacent notches forming along substrate respective side; Flexure plane forms in the outermost surface of each protrusion and the innermost surface of each groove.

29. longitudinal connected systems according to claim 28, is characterized in that, the protrusion of the first joint has napiform root profile, and its neck width narrows down, and wherein the part flexure plane on the first joint protrusion forms along the outermost of neck.

30. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 28 or 29, it is characterized in that, the groove of the second joint has napiform root profile, and its neck width narrows down, and wherein the part flexure plane on the second joint groove forms along the outermost of neck.

31. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 29 or 30, it is characterized in that, contain cross each neck beeline straight line plane relative tilt in first type surface.

32. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 29 or 30, it is characterized in that, contains the plane of crossing each neck beeline straight line and is positioned at relative tilt in the plane of first type surface.

33. longitudinal connected systems according to claim 32, is characterized in that, each beeline straight line that crosses each neck is parallel to each other.

34. connected systems according to claim 32, is characterized in that, cross the beeline straight line conllinear of each neck.

The longitudinal connected system of 35. substrate has relative first and second first type surface, and this connected system comprises:

Asymmetric outer spigot extends relatively along substrate both sides, by configuring interior socket, can enable two substrates with joint shape connected system, to be engaged with each other when being subject to meshing the direction pressure vertical with first type surface; The evagination that male connection comprises vertically extends to second first type surface from first first type surface conventionally, forms outer recessed in the inner side of evagination; The convex that female adapter comprises vertically extends to first main surface from second main surface conventionally, in the inner side of convex, forms indent; In male connection, first outer locking surface forms in a side of the evagination from its indent farthest, and second outer locking surface forms in indent one side from its evagination farthest, and the 3rd outer locking surface is evagination and outer recessed total surface; In female adapter, in first, locking surface forms in a side of the indent from its evagination farthest, and second interior locking surface forms in a side of the evagination from its indent farthest, and the 3rd interior locking surface is convex and the total surface of indent; Configuration locking surface, when intermeshing with the outer spigot at two substrates, make first outer locking surface and first lock plane of locking surface engagement formation in first, make second outer locking surface and second interior locking surface engagement form second lock plane, and the 3rd outer locking surface and the 3rd interior locking surface are meshed, three lock plane of formation between first and second lock plane, each lock plane can prevent engagement tabs be parallel in the direction that meshes direction separated.

36. seam systems according to claim 35, is characterized in that, at two substrates, continue to keep, under the state of engagement, by configuration locking surface, can make the substrate of two engagements relatively rotate 3 °.

37. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 35 or 36, it is characterized in that, by configuration locking surface, can be in the situation that maintaining two substrate engagements, one that makes to mesh in substrate is rotated 7 ° to 10 ° with respect to another towards the surface direction of laying substrate.

38. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 35 to 37 any, it is characterized in that: in first positive locking surface and first cloudy locking surface, at least one has the horizontal expansion part of smooth curved; In second positive locking surface and second cloudy locking surface, at least one has the horizontal expansion part of smooth curved.

39. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 38, it is characterized in that, the first outer locking surface and the first interior locking surface in addition all have the horizontal expansion part that at least contains a two-dimensional surface.

40. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 38 or 39, it is characterized in that, the second outer locking surface and the second interior locking surface in addition all have the horizontal expansion part that at least contains a two-dimensional surface.

41. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 35 to 37 any, it is characterized in that, each the first and second outer and inner locking surface all contains the horizontal expansion part of smooth curved.

42. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 35 to 41 any, it is characterized in that, each first outer locking surface, the first interior locking surface, outer locking surface and the second interior locking surface consist of flexure plane; Flexure plane is intermeshing, forms the first and second lock plane.

43. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 35 to 42 any, it is characterized in that, in the 3rd outer locking surface and the 3rd interior locking surface, has at least one flexure plane, to consist of.

The longitudinal connected system of 44. substrate has relative first and second first type surface, and this connected system comprises:

45. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 44, it is characterized in that, by further configuration the first and second joints, can make the substrate of adjacent engagement rotate 7 ° to 10 ° from first substrate, and can not separate substrate.

46. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 44 or 45, it is characterized in that, by configuring the first and second joints, can make the substrate of adjacent engagement in the plane of first substrate, rotate 3 ° at relative tilt.

47. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 44 to 46 any, it is characterized in that, the first and second joints have two spaced horizontal expansion surface parts, by configuration, can make the second joint engagement on the first joint on a substrate and second substrate, two horizontal expansions surface of the first joint and two horizontal expansion surfaces of the second joint the innermost layer of each joint and the most skin form respectively the first and second lock plane, each lock plane is parallel to engagement direction, and the horizontal expansion part being associated with each lock plane, from the offside of this lock plane, direction horizontal expansion towards each other, the horizontal expansion of the second joint is partly suspended from the horizontal expansion part of the first joint.

48. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 47, it is characterized in that, at least one the horizontal expansion surface being associated with at least one lock plane has convex row curved profile.

49. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 44 to 47 any, it is characterized in that, the first and second joints have two spaced flexure planes, by configuration, can make the second joint engagement on the first joint on a substrate and second substrate, and two flexure planes of the first joint and two flexure planes of the second joint mesh in the inner side of each joint and outermost, form respectively the first and second lock plane, each plane can independently suppress engagement tabs and be parallel to separation in the direction that meshes direction, the flexure plane being wherein associated with each lock plane is positioned at the both sides of this lock plane.

50. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 44 to 47, it is characterized in that, the first joint is male connection, the second joint is female adapter, male connection contains evagination, conventionally from the first main surface, towards the second first type surface, vertically extends, and evagination inner side forms outer groove; Female adapter contains convex, conventionally from the second main surface, towards the first first type surface, extends, and convex inner side forms inner groovy; In male connection, the first outer locking surface is forming from indent evagination both sides farthest, and the second outer locking surface is forming from evagination indent both sides farthest, and the 3rd outer locking surface is evagination and outer recessed total surface; In female adapter, the first interior locking surface is forming from evagination indent both sides farthest, and the second interior locking surface is forming from indent evagination both sides farthest, and the 3rd interior locking surface is convex and the total surface of indent; By configuration locking surface, can mesh socket in two substrates, make first outer and first interior locking surface engagement formation first lock plane, second outer and second interior locking surface engagement formation the second lock plane, and the 3rd outer and the 3rd interior locking surface engagement, three lock plane of formation between first and second lock plane, each lock plane can stop the joint that meshed being parallel in the direction that meshes direction separately.

51. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 44 to 47 any, it is characterized in that, by configuration, when manually meshing substrate, make the first and second joints form three lock plane, each lock plane is all parallel to engagement direction, and can stop the joint having meshed to separate in the direction with engagement opposite direction.

52. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 1 to 51 any, it is characterized in that, when substrate is arranged in while having the two-dimensional rectangle of four sides or square substrate structure, the first joint extends for two adjacent sides, and the second joint extends for two remaining adjacent side.

53. comprise a plurality of substrates according to the surface coverage system described in claim 1 to 52 any, and wherein each substrate has longitudinal connected system.

54. semifloating surface coverage systems comprise:

A plurality of substrates, each substrate has the longitudinal connected system described in any in claim 1 to 52;

Covering can repeat one or more released strips of bonding adhesive.

55. according to the surface coverage system described in claim 54, it is characterized in that, will can repeat in a large number bonding adhesive application in the septal line of two or many longitudinal extensions on substrate.

56. according to the surface coverage system described in claim 55, it is characterized in that, uses the bonding adhesive that repeats of a large amount of strips continuously or pearl at least one septal line.

57. according to the surface coverage system described in claim 54 to 56, it is characterized in that, is being spaced from each other equably and on symmetrically arranged many lines, is applying and can repeat bonding adhesive on substrate longitudinal centre line.

58. according to the surface coverage system described in claim 54 to 57, it is characterized in that, that perpendicular to the first first type surface, measures repeats bonding adhesive thickness between 1 to 6 millimeter.

59. according to the surface coverage system described in claim 58, it is characterized in that, the thickness that can repeat bonding glue is 2 to 4 millimeters.

60. according to the surface coverage system described in claim 54 to 59 any, it is characterized in that, a large amount of adhesives formations are binded the joint adhesive on substrate and are used released strip to cover, joint adhesive is positioned at certain position, when after removing cover strip, the adapter system of a substrate is coupled on the adapter system of another substrate, the joint adhesive on a substrate can be bonded on the joint of another substrate.

61. according to the system described in claim 54 to 60 any, it is characterized in that, substrate is made by selected solid wood, Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing, laminate, bamboo, plastics and ethene combined material.

The manufacture method of 62. semifloating surface coverage substrates, is characterized in that:

Surface coverage system described in claim 53 is provided;

By repeating in a large number bonding adhesive, be bonded on first first type surface; With,

With released strip, cover adhesive.

63. according to the method described in claim 62, it is characterized in that, pastes adhesive and is included in along applying adhesive in the two or more pieces septal line of substrate longitudinal extension.

64. according to the method described in claim 63, it is characterized in that, pastes adhesive and is included at least one septal line of first first type surface, with continuous strip or pearl application adhesive.

65. according to the method described in claim 62 to 64 any, comprises that when application is measured perpendicular to first type surface, uniform thickness is the adhesive of 1-6 millimeter.

66. comprise the uniform adhesive of application 2-4 millimeter thickness according to the method described in claim 65.

67. comprise according to the method described in claim 62 to 66 any, to can repeat bonding adhesive is in a large number bonded at least a portion joint, then with released strip, cover the adhesive on joint, can repeat bonding adhesive for the position of first substrate, wherein remove the released strip of the adhesive on the joint that covers first substrate, longitudinal connected system of first and second substrate is coupled, and adhesive can be bonded on the joint of second substrate.

68. surface coverage systems comprise polylith substrate, and every substrate has: relative first and second main face, and wherein first main face, through arranging, is faced the lower support face and longitudinal connected system, being longitudinally constructed as follows of connected system that by system, are covered:

69. according to the surface coverage system described in claim 68, it is characterized in that, comprise that at least one is demountablely connected to first pillar on substrate, this pillar has an axle, can be passed in the hole forming on first substrate, lower support face is exerted pressure, operate this pillar axle is passed to hole, thereby mention first substrate, form lower support face.

70. according to the surface coverage system described in claim 68 or 69, it is characterized in that, longitudinally consistent with described in claim 1 to 43 of connected system.

71. according to the surface coverage system described in claim 68 to 70 any, it is characterized in that, comprises a large amount of bondings and repeat bonding adhesive on first first type surface; And, cover one or more released strips that can repeat on bonding adhesive.

72. according to the surface coverage system described in claim 68 to 71 any, it is characterized in that, comprises the bonding adhesive that repeats sticking in a large number in the first and second joints on wherein one or two joint; Stick on the released strip separately that repeats bonding adhesive on joint with covering.

73. according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 1 to 51 any, it is characterized in that, comprises the bonding adhesive that repeats sticking in a large number in the first and second joints on one or two joint; Stick on the released strip separately that repeats bonding adhesive on joint with covering.

The substrate of 74. surface coverage systems comprises the longitudinal connected system described in any in claim 1 to 52.

Substrate described in 75. claims 74 comprises the bonding adhesive that repeats sticking in a large number in the first and second joints on one or two joint; Stick on the released strip separately that repeats bonding adhesive on joint with covering.

76. according to the substrate described in claim 75, it is characterized in that, each joint has the bonding bonding adhesive that repeats, and provides and hold the bonding groove that repeats bonding adhesive.

77. comprise according to the substrate described in claim 74 to 76 any the bonding adhesive that repeats being bonded in a large number on the first first type surface; And, cover the one or more released strips on bonding adhesive that repeat on the first first type surface.

78. comprise a wax that is placed on joint surface according to the longitudinal connected system described in claim 1 to 52 any, when with similar joint engagement, form the first and second lock plane.

79. according to any one in claim 9,28,35, and directly or indirectly depend on the longitudinal connected system described in any in claim 9,28 or 35 aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, each groove part of a substrate is furnished with connected system, by configuration, can elasticity open to use similar adapter system to make the corresponding prominence of second substrate enter groove and be engaged with.

The longitudinal connected system of 80. substrate has relative first and second first type surface, and this connected system comprises:

By configuring the first and second joints, can, in the situation that continuing two substrates of engagement, make the substrate of two engagements relatively rotate 3 °.

81. longitudinal connected systems described in 0 according to Claim 8, it is characterized in that, on the first and second joints, are all furnished with two spaced general convex surfaces, by configuration, can make the second joint engagement of the first joint and the second substrate of a substrate, two general convex surfaces for the second joint, determine the relative position of two general convex surfaces of the first joint, with the inner side at each joint and outermost formation the first and second lock plane separately, each lock plane is parallel with engagement direction, the general convex surface being wherein associated with each lock plane is from the offside of lock plane, direction horizontal expansion towards each other, and the general convex surface of the second joint is suspended from the general convex surface of the first joint, to prevent that the joint of engagement is separated, at least one the general convex surface being associated with each lock plane has crooked profile.

82. longitudinal connected systems described in 0 or 81 according to Claim 8, is characterized in that, each joint all comprises the protrusion extending towards engagement direction and the adjacent notches forming along substrate respective side; And form horizontal expansion surface in the outermost surface of each protrusion and the innermost surface of each groove.

83. longitudinal connected systems described in 2 according to Claim 8, is characterized in that, can elasticity open each groove, to use similar connected system to make substrate bumps thing enter groove and be engaged with by configuration.

84. longitudinal connected systems described in any in 1 to 83 according to Claim 8, is characterized in that, by configuring the first and second joints, can in the middle of the first and second lock plane, form the 3rd lock plane.