CN103544810A - Mudslide short-term and impending prewarning method based on Beidou satellite and GPRS - Google Patents

Mudslide short-term and impending prewarning method based on Beidou satellite and GPRS Download PDF

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CN103544810A
CN103544810A CN201310502863.4A CN201310502863A CN103544810A CN 103544810 A CN103544810 A CN 103544810A CN 201310502863 A CN201310502863 A CN 201310502863A CN 103544810 A CN103544810 A CN 103544810A
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gprs
flow
node
mudslide
monitoring
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CN103544810B (en
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丁明涛
颜竟
周鹏
黄龙阳
王骏
庙成
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Southwest University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a mudslide short-term and impending prewarning method based on a Beidou satellite and a GPRS, and belongs to the technical field of geological disaster risk analysis. The prewarning method includes the following steps: (1) the position of a sensing node of a positioning system is determined; (2) a pressure sensor and a rain gauge are set; (3) a Beidou satellite navigation mobile phone is modified; (4) monitoring is carried out, wherein according to pressure data and changes and existence conditions of GPRS signals, whether a mudslide occurs and where the mudslide occurs can be judged, monitoring staff make a final prewarning policy through the monitoring data, when the magnitude of the mudslide reaches a prewarning level, the monitoring staff immediately submit the information to a management conducting department so that information of a corresponding level can be published. Due to the fact that a mudslide short-term and impending prewarning system is built, monitoring and prewarning of a mudslide disaster are improved, and accordingly casualties and a large amount of economic loss are reduced.

Description

The short method for early warning that faces of a kind of rubble flow based on big-dipper satellite and GPRS
Technical field
The present invention relates to the short method for early warning that faces of a kind of rubble flow based on big-dipper satellite and GPRS, belong to Risk Analysis System of Geo-hazards technical field.
Background technology
Rubble flow refers in mountain area or other cheuch deep gullies, and the area that landform is dangerously steep, because the landslide that heavy rain, severe snow or other disasteies cause carry the special mighty torrent of a large amount of silt and stone.China, due to complex geologic conditions, is the multiple ground of mud-stone flow disaster.Rubble flow is a kind of geologic function between flowing water and landslide, and typical rubble flow is by suspending thick solid debris thing be rich in flour sand and the thickness mud of clay forms.Under suitable topographic condition, the solid that a large amount of water bodys soaks in hillside or ditch bed is piled up material, and its stability is reduced, and the solid accumulation material that is full of moisture moves under self gravitation effect, has just formed rubble flow.The general outburst of rubble flow suddenly, breaks with tremendous force, the stone that portability is huge, and to advance at utmost speed, there is powerful energy, thereby it is greatly destructive.
The main harm of rubble flow is destroy by rush of water cities and towns, enterprises and institutions, factory, mine, rural area, causes people and animals' injures and deaths, destroys house and other job facilities, destroy crops, forest and arable land.In addition, rubble flow also can silt river course up sometimes, not only blocks shipping, also may cause floods.Affect the many factors of rubble flow intensity, as rubble flow capacity, flow velocity, flow etc., wherein rubble flow flow is main on the impact of rubble flow causing disastrous degree.In addition, multiple human activity is also aggravating the effect of above-mentioned factor in many-side, promotes the formation of rubble flow.
In the prevention process of rubble flow, need at present the problem solving to have following: the determining of (1) rubble flow influence factor, geomorphologic conditions, geologic condition, meteorology and hydrology, Vegetation and soil and the mankind's economic activity is all the influence factor that mud-stone flow disaster produces, with regard to technological layer, in the middle of these influence factors, those factors are can apply in Real-Time Monitoring under technical merit condition now, not yet definite; (2), due to the complicacy of mud-stone flow disaster generation environment, how by Beidou satellite navigation system, build early warning system and just can play rubble flow short faced to early warning.(3) how sensing node and GPRS module are arranged and just can be reached the short effect of facing early warning of rubble flow at the node of monitored area.(4) how the influence factor that causes rubble flow to occur comprehensively defines its early warning threshold values.(5) division of debris flow early-warning level.
China's rubble flow mainly be take control as main, aspect debris flow early-warning still in the starting stage, but the restriction that existing method for early warning is subject to technology often in actual application error excessive, too much; And the present invention is based on existing proven technique basis, by innovative approach, change pattern has realized rubble flow shortly faces early warning.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of combination Sensor Network technology, based on Beidou satellite navigation and positioning system and GPRS long distance wireless data transmission technology, utilizing first 10 minutes, rainfall half an hour carries out early warning to rubble flow.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The short method for early warning that faces of rubble flow of big-dipper satellite and GPRS, comprises the following steps:
(1) determine positioning system sensing node position: the debris flow early-warning information that can obtain by monitoring has geomorphologic conditions, geologic condition and meteorological hydrologic condition under current technical conditions, by means of Beidou satellite navigation system and GPRS, determine that each is with the more specific location information of GPRS positioning system sensing node, node earthward central station sends request, ground central station issues a signal to satellite again, through two satellite launchs, reach node respectively afterwards, ground central station, by calculating two kinds of times that signal pathway is required, can complete location;
(2) pressure transducer and rain gage are set: by all node location informations, use MapGIS graphics software to obtain the landforms situation of monitored area; In order to obtain corresponding geology and meteorological hydrographic information, pressure transducer and rain gage are set simultaneously:
1. pressure transducer is set: at the cheuch that debris flow possibility is larger, build the post of blocking, and differing heights setting pressure sensor thereon, when debris flow, due to its unit weight, flow velocity and flow are all much larger than general sediment laden flow, so can make the numerical value of pressure transducer increase rapidly, pressure transducer passes to the force value recording with its connected GPRS module, this module uploads to GPRS network by information, data just can reach Surveillance center by this network, and by monitoring personnel's processing and analysis, judge whether this position has rubble flow to pass through, and the scale of rubble flow,
Concrete according to being, in the different periods that rubble flow occurs, the rubble flow unit weight (V) in this region is not identical, and early stage, diluted debris flow unit weight was 1.8g/cm 3>V>1.5g/cm 3, mid-term, viscous mud-flow unit weight was V>1.8g/cm 3, later stage carrying flood unit weight is V<1.5g/cm 3the rubble flow of the different unit weights in other words impulsive force of carrying flood differs greatly, so by can clearly distinguishing flood and rubble flow the different pressures information analysis of pressure transducer node transmission, by formula F=pgsh, (F is the pressure that sensor records to pressure information, p is that density is unit weight V, g=10m/s 2, s is pressure transducer lifting surface area, h be sensor to the vertical height on rubble flow surface, h can obtain by the information computing of triones navigation system and GPRS module) calculate.
2. rain gage is set: rainfall monitoring point is arranged on the residential area of surveying district as far as possible, rain gage is connected with GPRS module, select broad view, the place that surrounding is blocked without trees, and require GPRS signal stable; In the wild without residential area, but the place that must set up an office, can on stable basement rock, build concrete stake, rain gage is rack-mount with GPRS module, require equally broad view, GPRS signal is stable, uses solar cell for supplying power accumulator to ensure simultaneously, and the rainfall that rain gage can be recorded like this and raininess data are sent to GPRS network by GPRS module;
(3) repacking Beidou satellite navigation mobile phone: repack Beidou satellite navigation mobile phone into a thinner plastic plate, can waterproof, make it toughness stronger, can resist stronger impact, there is larger buoyancy simultaneously, and there is the function of receiving and transmitting signal on two sides, the Beidou satellite navigation mobile phone of reequiping is installed at debris flow gully;
(4) monitor: Surveillance center manages pressure data, rainfall amount data, the big-dipper satellite elements of a fix that in above-mentioned node location, pressure transducer, rain gage, navigation mobile phone are passed back, and realize the storage of data, inquiry, statistical study, by the rainfall amount of a single point, raininess Data Integration, obtain rainfall amount, raininess situation in this region, in conjunction with the variation of pressure data, GPRS signal with have or not, can judge that whether rubble flow occurs, and the place occurring; Monitoring personnel make final early warning decision by Analysis on monitoring data result, while reaching warning level, are just submitted to immediately management commander department, with corresponding rank, carry out information issue.
In described step (1), the detailed process of described node locating is, the known coordinate of any two satellites of take is the center of circle, and the satellite measured to the distance of user side of take is separately radius, forms two spheres; Node will be positioned on the crossing circular arc of two spheres, ground central station is furnished with electronics hypsographic map, provides one to take the earth's core as the centre of sphere, the non-homogeneous sphere that the centre of sphere to the earth's surface height of take is radius, by mathematical method, solve the intersection point of this circular arc and earth surface, obtain the position of node.
In described step (3), the debris flow gully position that described Beidou satellite navigation mobile phone is installed should comprise following six: the 1. concave bank in river valley: because when rubble flow occurs, the lateral erosion ability that it is huge, once often can be more than recessed side degradation 2m.2. the exit or entrance of a clitch that enters to converge at Zhigou: be also that violent area occurs to corrode rubble flow here.3. on the small-sized Debris Flow Deposition layer of Debris Flow on Slope Surface ditch: because Debris Flow on Slope Surface is exactly mainly to enter to be compiled in tap drain by the small-sized rubble flow mass-sending property in brae to form, in these places, lay the variation of the Big Dipper navigation mobile phone position that can monitor in time after repacking, thereby shift to an earlier date the debris flow early-warning time.4. at gully type rubble flow, easily occur on the crumb layer on landslide: when it reaches capacity because of moisture, while starting to glide, repacking Big Dipper navigation mobile phone can be followed its downslide always, while instantly sliding in cheuch, plastic plate just can float with tap drain flood, and the variation of repacking Big Dipper navigation mobile phone position signalling just can track at monitored space always.5. falling bank, both sides, riverbank: these places often also larger erosion can occur.6. the formation district of typical debris flow gully, riverbed, Circulation Area: often the most easily wash away here.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the problem that the invention solves following several respects: the influence factor of (1) rubble flow is determined; (2) fusion of Beidou satellite navigation system, GPRS and Sensor Network; (3) according to the data that gather and the influence factor of rubble flow, determine whether rubble flow occurs; (4) the short realization of facing early warning of rubble flow.By setting up the short early warning system of facing of rubble flow, promoted the monitoring and warning to mud-stone flow disaster, thereby reduced a large amount of casualties and economic loss.
Embodiment
With specific embodiment, set forth further the short method for early warning that faces of rubble flow based on big-dipper satellite and GPRS below.
Embodiment
Take that typical western mountainous areas debris flow gully landform---Li County, Sichuan Gan Bao Zang Zhai is example, illustrates the implementation method of this Early-warning Model.
The short method for early warning that faces of rubble flow based on big-dipper satellite and GPRS, comprises the following steps:
(1) determine positioning system sensing node position.Determine that the debris flow early-warning information that can obtain by monitoring has geomorphologic conditions, geologic condition and meteorological hydrologic condition under current technical conditions, by means of Beidou satellite navigation system and GPRS, determine that each is with the more specific location information of GPRS positioning system sensing node, node earthward central station sends request, ground central station issues a signal to satellite again, through two satellite launchs, reach node respectively afterwards, ground central station, by calculating two kinds of times that signal pathway is required, can complete location.
The detailed process of this localization method is, the known coordinate of any two satellites of take is the center of circle, and the satellite measured to the distance of user side of take is separately radius, forms two spheres; Node will be positioned on the crossing circular arc of two spheres, ground central station is furnished with electronics hypsographic map, provides one to take the earth's core as the centre of sphere, the non-homogeneous sphere that the centre of sphere to the earth's surface height of take is radius, by mathematical method, solve the intersection point of this circular arc and earth surface, obtain the position of node.
(2) pressure transducer and rain gage are set.By all node location informations, use MapGIS graphics software to obtain the landforms situation of monitored area; In order to obtain corresponding geology and meteorological hydrographic information, pressure transducer and rain gage are set simultaneously.
1. pressure transducer is set.At the cheuch that debris flow possibility is larger, build the post of blocking, and differing heights setting pressure sensor thereon.When debris flow, because its unit weight, flow velocity and flow are all much larger than general sediment laden flow, so can make the numerical value of pressure transducer increase rapidly, pressure transducer passes to the force value recording with its connected GPRS module, this module uploads to GPRS network by information, and data just can be passed Surveillance center back by this network, for monitoring personnel's processing and analysis, judge whether this position has rubble flow to pass through, and the scale of rubble flow.In the different periods after rubble flow occurs, this region rubble flow unit weight (V) is not identical, and early stage, diluted debris flow unit weight was 1.8g/cm 3>V>1.5g/cm 3, mid-term, viscous mud-flow unit weight was V>1.8g/cm 3, later stage carrying flood unit weight is V<1.5g/cm 3the rubble flow of the different unit weights in other words impulsive force of carrying flood differs greatly, so by can clearly distinguishing flood and rubble flow the different pressures information analysis of pressure transducer node transmission, by formula F=pgsh, (F is the pressure that sensor records to pressure information, p is that density is unit weight V, g=10m/s 2, s is pressure transducer lifting surface area, h be sensor to the vertical height on rubble flow surface, h can obtain by triones navigation system and the computing of GPRS module information) calculate.
2. rain gage is set.Rainfall monitoring point is arranged on the residential area of surveying district as far as possible, and rain gage is connected with GPRS module, selects broad view, the place that surrounding is blocked without trees, and require GPRS signal stable.In the wild without residential area, but the place that must set up an office, can on stable basement rock, build concrete stake, rain gage is rack-mount with GPRS module, require equally broad view, GPRS signal is stable, uses solar cell for energy storage device guarantee simultaneously, and the rainfall that so just rain gage can be recorded and raininess data are sent to GPRS network by GPRS module.
(3) repacking Beidou satellite navigation mobile phone.Repack Beidou satellite navigation mobile phone into a thinner plastic plate, can waterproof, make it toughness stronger, can resist stronger impact, there is larger buoyancy, and two sides there is the function of receiving and transmitting signal simultaneously.At debris flow gully, designed device is installed, according in following six places: the 1. concave bank in river valley: because when rubble flow occurs, the lateral erosion ability that it is huge, once often can be more than recessed side degradation 2m.2. the exit or entrance of a clitch that enters to converge at Zhigou: be also that violent area occurs to corrode rubble flow here.3. on the small-sized Debris Flow Deposition layer of Debris Flow on Slope Surface ditch: because Debris Flow on Slope Surface is exactly mainly to enter to be compiled in tap drain by the small-sized rubble flow mass-sending property in brae to form, in these places, lay the position signalling variation that can observe in time the rear Big Dipper navigation mobile phone of repacking, thereby shift to an earlier date the debris flow early-warning time.4. at gully type rubble flow, easily occur on the crumb layer on landslide: when it reaches capacity because of moisture, while starting to glide, Big Dipper navigation mobile phone can be followed its downslide always, while instantly sliding in cheuch, Big Dipper navigation mobile phone just can float with tap drain flood, and the variation of Big Dipper navigation mobile phone position signalling can track at monitored space always.5. falling bank, both sides, riverbank: these places often also larger erosion can occur.6. the formation district of typical debris flow gully, riverbed, Circulation Area: often the most easily wash away here.
(4) monitor: Surveillance center manages pressure data, rainfall amount data, the big-dipper satellite elements of a fix that in above-mentioned node location, pressure transducer, rain gage, navigation mobile phone are passed back, and realize the storage of data, inquiry, statistical study, by the rainfall amount of a single point, raininess Data Integration, obtain rainfall amount, raininess situation in this region, in conjunction with the variation of pressure data, GPRS signal with have or not, also can judge that whether rubble flow occurs, and the place occurring.Monitoring personnel make final early warning decision by each Monitoring Data, while reaching warning level, are just submitted to immediately management commander department, with corresponding rank, carry out information issue.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. the short method for early warning that faces of the rubble flow based on big-dipper satellite and GPRS, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) determine positioning system sensing node position: the debris flow early-warning information that can obtain by monitoring has geomorphologic conditions, geologic condition and meteorological hydrologic condition under current technical conditions, by means of Beidou satellite navigation system and GPRS, determine that each is with the more specific location information of GPRS positioning system sensing node, node earthward central station sends request, ground central station issues a signal to satellite again, through two satellite launchs, reach node respectively afterwards, ground central station, by calculating two kinds of times that signal pathway is required, can complete location;
(2) pressure transducer and rain gage are set: the landforms situation that obtains monitored area according to node position information operating MapGIS graphics software; In order to obtain corresponding geology and meteorological hydrographic information, pressure transducer and rain gage are set simultaneously:
1. pressure transducer is set: at the cheuch that debris flow possibility is larger, build the post of blocking, and differing heights setting pressure sensor thereon, when debris flow, due to its unit weight, flow velocity and flow are all much larger than general sediment laden flow, so can make the numerical value of pressure transducer increase rapidly, the GPRS module being integrated on node passed to the force value recording by pressure transducer, GPRS module will be by GPRS network by data back Surveillance center, processing and analysis for monitoring personnel, judge whether this position has rubble flow to pass through, and the scale of rubble flow,
2. rain gage is set: rainfall monitoring point is arranged on the residential area of surveying district as far as possible, rain gage is connected with GPRS module, select broad view, the place that surrounding is blocked without trees, and require GPRS signal stable; In the wild without residential area, but the place that must set up an office, can on stable basement rock, build concrete stake, rain gage is rack-mount with GPRS module, require equally broad view, GPRS signal is stable, uses solar cell generation with accumulator power supply prevention in support emergency case as daily Power supply simultaneously, and the rainfall that rain gage can be recorded like this and raininess data are sent to Surveillance center by GPRS module by GPRS network and are processed and analyze;
(3) repacking Beidou satellite navigation mobile phone: repack Beidou satellite navigation mobile phone into a thinner plastic plate, can waterproof, make it toughness stronger, can resist stronger impact, there is larger buoyancy simultaneously, and there is the function of receiving and transmitting signal on two sides, the Beidou satellite navigation mobile phone of reequiping is installed at debris flow gully;
(4) monitor: the pressure data that Surveillance center passes back the various pressure transducers of above-mentioned node location, rain gage, navigation mobile phone, rainfall amount data, the big-dipper satellite elements of a fix manage, and realize the storage of data, inquiry, statistical study, by the rainfall amount of a single point, raininess Data Integration, obtain rainfall amount, raininess situation in this region, in conjunction with the variation of pressure data, GPRS signal with have or not, can judge that whether rubble flow occurs, and the place occurring; Monitoring personnel make final early warning decision by each Monitoring Data, while reaching warning level, are just submitted to immediately management commander department, with corresponding rank, carry out information issue.
2. the short method for early warning that faces of a kind of rubble flow based on big-dipper satellite and GPRS according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), the detailed process of described node locating is, the known coordinate of any two satellites of take is the center of circle, the satellite measured to the distance of user side of take is separately radius, forms two spheres; Node will be positioned on the crossing circular arc of two spheres, ground central station is furnished with electronics hypsographic map, provides one to take the earth's core as the centre of sphere, the non-homogeneous sphere that the centre of sphere to the earth's surface height of take is radius, by mathematical method, solve the intersection point of this circular arc and earth surface, obtain the position of node.
3. the short method for early warning that faces of a kind of rubble flow based on big-dipper satellite and GPRS according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), the position that described Beidou satellite navigation mobile phone is arranged on debris flow gully should comprise following six: the 1. concave bank in river valley; 2. the exit or entrance of a clitch that Zhigou enters to converge; 3. on the small-sized Debris Flow Deposition layer of Debris Flow on Slope Surface ditch; 4. gully type rubble flow easily occurs on the crumb layer on landslide; 5. fall bank, both sides, riverbank; 6. the formation district of typical debris flow gully, riverbed, Circulation Area.
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