CN103543161A - On-line detection method of continuous casting billet surface quality - Google Patents
On-line detection method of continuous casting billet surface quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN103543161A CN103543161A CN201310483398.4A CN201310483398A CN103543161A CN 103543161 A CN103543161 A CN 103543161A CN 201310483398 A CN201310483398 A CN 201310483398A CN 103543161 A CN103543161 A CN 103543161A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/89—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles
- G01N21/8914—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles characterised by the material examined
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/89—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles
- G01N21/8914—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles characterised by the material examined
- G01N2021/8918—Metal
Abstract
The invention discloses an on-line detection method of continuous casting billet surface quality. According to the on-line detection method, a laser light source is taken as lightening equipment, an industrial-grade high-precision camera is used as image acquisition equipment, and a corresponding optical filter is arranged on the camera; when the surface of the continuous casting billet is exposed in laser beams, absorption, reflection and refraction features of oxide skin, cracks, recesses, scratches and slag pockets on the laser beams are different, and the difference is collected by the camera, and is shown in forms of imagines; and then defects observed in the imagines are positioned, sorted, preserved and underlined via defect detection algorithm. According to the on-line detection method, the laser light source with high power and the industrial linear array camera are combined, so that technological problems of continuous casting billet surface detection site imagine acquisition are solved; a distributed structure is used for data transmission, storage and processing, system stability is high, and storage and processing speed is fast; the imagine processing algorithm is firmly based on the features of detected objects, so that detection accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to slab quality detection field, specifically disclose a kind of surface quality of continuously cast slab online test method.
Background technology
Continuous casting billet in process of production, is subject to the impact of casting machine performance and continuous casting process, inevitably can produce the various surface imperfection such as transverse and longitudinal crackle, subcutaneous pin hole, slag inclusion, depression.These defects have a strong impact on the quality of strand, even cause strand to be scrapped; With the strand of defect, flow into tandem rolling link, the light quality of influence of rolled product, heavy cause rolled products to be scrapped.As surface quality requires high Automobile Plate, plate etc. for household electrical appliances, if casting billet surface has little flaw, rolling become a useful person after by the defect that is expanded into several meters, so steel industry more and more payes attention to the detection of cc billet surface quality, generally has special operation and personnel to be responsible for the detection of cc billet surface quality.The shortcoming of manual detection is: 1. the impact of the examined personnel's subjective factor of testing result, lacks accuracy, reliability and integrality; 2. can only be at strand static or movement velocity detect very slow in the situation that, and can not detect small defect; 3. lower surface detection is very difficult, need to realize or arrange special lower surface by turnover panel operation and detect reflective mirror and arrange special personnel to carry out.4. the defective data detecting can not be preserved, and cannot grasp the historical data about product surface quality, cannot carry out statistical study to data, and instruct production with this; 5. scene temperature is high, and especially in summer, testing staff's condition of work is very arduous, cannot long time continuous working.
Along with the raising of production efficiency, surface quality of continuously cast slab is detected and had higher requirement, the mode of traditional human eye range estimation has been not suitable with Production requirement.At present cc billet surface quality is carried out to the online general mode that adopts machine vision that detects, according to principle, be mainly divided into two classes: a kind of two-dimensional imaging method is to adopt high-power battle array lamp or lamp group (as Halogen lamp LED) as light source, the sensor with line-scan digital camera or area array cameras as image acquisition.After collected by camera image, utilize industrial computer to process picture, by the defect location in picture out, another kind of three-D imaging method is to adopt structured light laser generator as lighting source, the multi-stripe laser bundle sending is projected to high temperature casting billet surface, take Array CCD Camera as image collecting device, the laser beam of online acquisition high temperature casting billet surface reflection, the algorithm of computing machine extracts the depth of defect information of representative on laser wire harness, thereby obtain the one-dimensional distance matrix that this lateral attitude depth of defect of strand is combined into, one-dimensional distance dot matrix is mapped as the gray level image of different grey-scale, thereby the gray level image of splicing different grey-scale obtains overall intensity image, finally identify surface defect of bloom reconstruct casting billet surface three-dimensional appearance figure.
For two-dimensional imaging method, strand temperature surpasses 800 ℃, itself is exactly a rubescent shinny light source, and the picture that the Halogen lamp LED of usining photographs as face battle array light is often subject to the luminous interference of strand and fuzzy, greatly reduces the possibility of follow-up defect detection; The light-emitting window of area array light source is larger, and the workload that daily cleaning is safeguarded under the environment of continuous casting production scene high temperature with high dust is very large; Be only about one month the serviceable life of halogen light source, uses for a long time cost higher; If what collection camera was used is area array cameras, its resolution is restricted, and when detected material speed is fast, the picking rate of camera will not reach requirement.And the indivedual defects of three-D imaging method cannot detect; In addition, for the setting angle of equipment, on-the-spot environment for use, have very high requirement, testing result is very easy to be subject to external factor and disturbs, and is therefore difficult to use on a large scale.
Comprehensive above-mentioned reason, provides a kind of clear picture for production scene, the surface quality of continuously cast slab online test method that easy to maintenance, system stability testing result is not subject to external disturbance to become the problem that those skilled in the art need solution badly.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of plant produced scene, imaging clearly of being applicable to, use, easy to maintenance, testing result is not subject to the surface quality of continuously cast slab online test method that external environment condition is disturbed, and for achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
An online test method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) using superpower laser as light source, at right angle setting, in strand top, laterally irradiates and obtains laser wire harness casting billet surface;
2) with linear array CCD camera, scan described laser wire harness, carry out data acquisition and show;
3) image gathering is transmitted, processes, stored;
4) utilize defects detection algorithm that the defect existing in described image is positioned, classifies, preserves, reported to the police.
Preferably, described in step 1), LASER Light Source is the hot spot being formed through parallel beam expand device by a point.
Preferably, described spot width is 2-5cm, and length is 0.5-2.5m.
Preferably, step 2) on described linear array CCD camera, add particular color optical filter, at right angle setting is in strand top, and camera sensor center and described laser beam expander center are on same straight line.
Preferably, described optical filter is green or blue.
Preferably, the transmission of described image, processing, storage adopt distributed structure.
Preferably, image processing process comprises image pre-service described in step 3), and image object is cut apart, and target defect characteristic extracts, four steps of defect classification judgment.
Preferably, utilize gaussian filtering to carry out pre-service to image; Image object detects to be cut apart to realize by image; Described target defect characteristic comprises textural characteristics, gray feature, spectrum signature, shape facility, projection properties.
Preferably, the gray feature right by image-region pixel obtains characteristic parameter, adopts described characteristic parameter to obtain gray level co-occurrence matrixes, with described gray level co-occurrence matrixes, represents described textural characteristics.
beneficial effect
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the present invention has the following advantages:
1. adopt superpower laser and industrial line-scan digital camera to combine, solved the technical barrier of continuous casting billet surface Test Field image acquisition;
2. data transmission, processing, storage adopt distributed structure, and easy to use, system stability is high, and Storage and Processing speed is fast;
3. the image processing algorithm feature of detected material that links closely, Detection accuracy is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is surface quality detection schematic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 2 is system data transmission, processing, storage node composition;
Accompanying drawing 3 is flow chart of data processing figure;
Accompanying drawing 4 is defect characteristic extraction block diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.
Consider the complicacy of site environment, surface quality of continuously cast slab checkout equipment adopts bridge to install, and crane span structure itself adopts the structure of semi-hermetic for shielding the radiation heat of high-temperature continuous casting blank; By having the detection case of water proof and dust proof, protect checkout equipment, the degree of protection of detection case reaches IP54.That the detection case type of cooling can adopt is air-cooled, water-cooled and air-conditioning thermostatic control etc., and the operating ambient temperature by these several heavy protection checkout equipments is no more than 35 ℃.
On-the-spot detected online continuous casting blank temperature is more than 800 ℃, it itself is exactly a luminophor, for fear of the luminous of itself, imaging is impacted, the present invention adopts high-power single line type laser instrument to throw light on, generally select green or blue laser instrument, corresponding green or blue optical filter are set on camera.And in order to adapt to higher picking rate and up to the accuracy of detection of 0.02mm, the present invention has selected high performance line array CCD.Laser instrument and all vertical casting billet surface installations of camera, and the center sensor of laser beam expander center and line-scan digital camera is on same straight line, adjusts as required the distance between laser beam expander and camera.Because LASER Light Source has high directivity, the feature that unit area luminescence efficiency is high, is several times of Halogen lamp LED with intensity under homalographic, can overcome completely because the problem of image blurring that illumination causes not; The long service life of laser (over 1 year) has avoided Halogen lamp LED to need the frequent problem of safeguarding of changing.The LASER Light Source that method of the present invention is used expands into hot spot by a point through parallel beam expand device, so its light-emitting window generally in 200mm*40mm, can solve the large problem of the larger maintenance workload of Halogen lamp LED light-emitting window above; Laser in the present invention is only done light source and is used, laser wire harness is not participated in testing result directly and is calculated, and laser facula has the width of 2-5cm, so the setting height(from bottom) of laser and angle can directly not affect testing result, even on-the-spot because vibration causes camera to occur that a small amount of skew can not affect imaging effect and testing result yet; In the present invention, adopt line-scan digital camera, can in one direction, do very large resolution, can solve the imaging demand of tiny flaw.
As shown in Figure 2, the transmission of view data of the present invention, processing, storage adopt distributed frame, easy to use, stability is high, and Storage and Processing speed is fast.
As shown in Figure 3, the process that image of the present invention is processed is divided into image pre-service, and image is cut apart, and defect characteristic extracts, these steps of classification of defects.Be subject to the impact of site environment, system can collect some invalid pictures, and part picture also can be subject to the impact of on-the-spot noise.In order to guarantee detection speed and effect, must carry out pre-service to image.Be generally to adopt median filter method, can suppress noise, obtain more clear clean picture.But medium filtering has certain influence to the edge of defect, so the present invention adopts gaussian filtering, must be better to the edge-protected of defect.Whether the target detection of image is to judge in image to exist which region in defect, image likely to have defect.Suspicious region at picture carries out Target Segmentation.Defect and unnecessary around background segment are come, can see more clearly the texture of suspicious region, and not be subject to the impact of background.In view of the variation of defect area and background area gray scale, the edge detection method of employing comprises that sobel rim detection, canny rim detection also have Fuzzy C-Means Cluster Algorithm, level set partitioning algorithm.
Whether as shown in Figure 4, the feature extraction of defect is comprised to gray feature, shape facility, textural characteristics, projection properties, spectrum signature, be defect, defect type by the Analysis deterrmination suspicious region to feature.The gray feature right by image-region pixel obtains characteristic parameter, adopts described characteristic parameter to obtain gray level co-occurrence matrixes, with described gray level co-occurrence matrixes, represents described textural characteristics.Gray level co-occurrence matrixes is carried out to multiple matrix character analysis and obtain corresponding proper vector, mainly contain second moment, contrast, correlativity, entropy, variance, unfavourable balance distance.
These are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a surface quality of continuously cast slab online test method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) using superpower laser as light source, at right angle setting, in strand top, laterally irradiates and obtains laser wire harness casting billet surface;
2) with linear array CCD camera, scan described laser wire harness, carry out data acquisition and show;
3) image gathering is transmitted, processes, stored;
4) utilize defects detection algorithm that the defect existing in described image is positioned, classifies, preserves, reported to the police.
2. a kind of surface quality of continuously cast slab online test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in step 1), LASER Light Source is the hot spot being formed through parallel beam expand device by a point.
3. according to a kind of surface quality of continuously cast slab online test method described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described spot width is 2-5cm, length is 0.5-2.5m.
4. a kind of surface quality of continuously cast slab online test method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 2) add particular color optical filter on described linear array CCD camera, at right angle setting is in strand top, and camera sensor center and described laser beam expander center are on same straight line.
5. according to a kind of surface quality of continuously cast slab online test method described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: described optical filter is for green or blue.
6. a kind of surface quality of continuously cast slab online test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the transmission of described image, processing, storage adopt distributed structure.
7. a kind of surface quality of continuously cast slab online test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in step 3), image processing process comprises image pre-service, and image object is cut apart, and target defect characteristic extracts, four steps of defect classification judgment.
8. a kind of surface quality of continuously cast slab online test method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: utilize gaussian filtering to carry out pre-service to image; Image object detects to be cut apart to realize by image; Described target defect characteristic comprises textural characteristics, gray feature, spectrum signature, shape facility, projection properties.
9. according to a kind of surface quality of continuously cast slab online test method described in claim 1 or 7, it is characterized in that: the gray feature right by image-region pixel obtains characteristic parameter, adopt described characteristic parameter to obtain gray level co-occurrence matrixes, with described gray level co-occurrence matrixes, represent described textural characteristics.
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| CN201310483398.4A CN103543161A (en) | 2013-10-16 | 2013-10-16 | On-line detection method of continuous casting billet surface quality |
| PCT/CN2014/086382 WO2015055060A1 (en) | 2013-10-16 | 2014-09-12 | Online detecting method for continuous casting slab surface quality |
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