CN103535508A - \Walnut protein powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
\Walnut protein powder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103535508A CN103535508A CN201310497733.6A CN201310497733A CN103535508A CN 103535508 A CN103535508 A CN 103535508A CN 201310497733 A CN201310497733 A CN 201310497733A CN 103535508 A CN103535508 A CN 103535508A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a walnut protein powder and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: 1) squeezing walnut kernels until the grease content of the walnut kernels in percentage by mass is less than 10%, thereby obtaining a walnut cake; 2) crushing the walnut cake prepared in the step 1), and carrying out supercritical CO2 extraction on the crushed walnut cake; and 3) carrying out superfine crushing on the walnut cake subjected to extraction in the step 2), thereby obtaining the walnut protein powder. The method is simple in production process operation, and easy to control. In the walnut protein powder prepared by using the method, proteins are basically not denatured, the grease content is less than 1%. A walnut protein powder product does not cause too much grease intake while providing high-quality proteins for the human body, and keeps the unique flavor of walnuts; the walnut protein powder contains no any toxic chemical additives and residuals, is uneasily subjected to oxidative deterioration, and has an extremely high nutritional value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of walnut protein powder and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Walnut is the important industrial crops of China, and output occupies first place in the world.In walnut kernel, approximately contain 57%～65% grease, 15%～21% protein.Walnut not only edibility is high, and health care is very outstanding.Walnut oil is rich in the necessary aliphatic acid such as linoleic acid, leukotrienes, and these unrighted acids have good health-care effect to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.Walnut oil also can be removed in body and cause body aging free radical, strengthens antioxidant ability of organism.In walnut protein, 8 kinds of essential amino acid ratios are reasonable, and to Human Physiology, effect has glutamic acid, aspartic acid, the arginine content of critical function all higher, and its Glutamic Acid still affects the human body critical function material that particularly juvenile intelligence and memory are grown.
At present, China mainly take squeezing to the deep processing of walnut and produces walnut oil as main, and last walnut cakes is all used as feed substantially, causes the waste of protein resource.And in existing walnut powder product, all have higher fat content, oxidizable rotten being difficult for stores, and is not suitable for the nourishing reinforced food as three high crowds.Therefore, make full use of exploitation walnut protein resource, improve accessory substance added value and become the task of top priority.
Adopt twin-screw oil mill cold pressing walnut kernel, can produce cold press walnut oil and low sex change walnut cakes simultaneously.But fat content still higher (10% left and right) in walnut cakes, not only not resistance to storage, and limited its application in food as raw material.Therefore how to make albumen in the process of walnut processing all obtain efficient separated and utilize with grease, become a great problem that needs solution in production technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of walnut protein powder and preparation method thereof.
The preparation method of walnut protein powder provided by the invention, comprises the steps:
1) walnut kernel is squeezed to the extremely wherein quality percentage composition of grease and be less than 10%, obtain walnut cakes;
2) will after the pulverizing of step 1) gained walnut cakes, carry out supercritical CO
2extraction, obtains described walnut protein powder.
In said method step 1) cold pressing step, temperature is 40～90 ℃, is specially 70 ℃.After squeezing, in walnut kernel, the quality percentage composition of grease specifically can be 8%;
Described step 2) in pulverising step, the granularity after pulverizing is 30～40 orders, is specially 30 orders or 40 orders.
Described step 2) supercritical CO
2in extraction step, pressure is 30～35MPa, is specially 30MPa;
Temperature is 45～50 ℃, is specially 45 ℃.
Described method also comprises the steps:
At described supercritical CO
2after extraction step, products obtained therefrom is carried out to ultramicro grinding.
In described ultramicro grinding step, the granularity after pulverizing is not less than 100 orders.
In addition, the walnut protein powder preparing according to the method described above, also belongs to protection scope of the present invention.Wherein, in described walnut protein powder, the quality percentage composition of grease is less than 1%.
Because the method is carried out at low temperatures, the basic consistency of albumen in walnut protein powder, and kept the distinctive local flavor of walnut, without any poisonous chemical composition interpolation and residual, there is very high nutritive value.This product fat content is less than 1%, when providing high-quality protein to human body, can not cause excess fat intake.Compare like product (fat content is about 8%～10%), this product fat content is lower, is difficult for oxidation deterioration.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is granularity and the extraction yield graph of relation of the coarse crushing walnut cakes that records in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is extracting pressure and the extraction yield graph of relation recording in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is extraction temperature and the taking rate graph of relation recording in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the walnut protein powder that makes of the present invention and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) collection of illustrative plates of n-hexane degreasing walnut powder
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.Described method is conventional method if no special instructions.Described raw material all can obtain from open commercial sources if no special instructions.
The detection method relating in following embodiment is all as follows:
Extraction yield is all measured according to following formula:
The assay method of fat content is soxhlet extraction.
In walnut protein powder, the acid number of grease and peroxide value are measured according to the method for GB/T5530-2005 and GB/T5538-2005 respectively.By the walnut cakes ultramicro grinding obtaining in step 1), making the walnut powder of 8% fat content, then by itself and step 2) the walnut protein powder finished product that obtains is positioned over respectively in valve bag, in 25 ℃ of constant temperature, preserves after one month, with n-hexane, extract grease wherein, measure acid number and peroxide value.
Adopt the method for n-hexane interlock system walnut oil and walnut skimmed milk as follows: by solid-liquid ratio 1:6, in walnut powder, add n-hexane, normal temperature vibration lixiviate 24h in constant-temperature shaking incubator, then by mixed extract centrifugal 20min under 4500r/min.Precipitation after centrifugal is walnut skimmed milk.Again the supernatant of collecting is put to evaporation in Rotary Evaporators and reclaimed n-hexane, obtain the grease in walnut powder.Said process repeats 3 times.
The mensuration of enthalpy change value adopts differential scanning calorimetry (Differential Scanning Calorimetry, DSC).The low sex change walnut protein powder obtaining after the walnut protein powder specifically the present invention being made and n-hexane extraction grease is mixed with respectively 10% dispersion liquid, at room temperature places after 1h, draws 10 μ L albumen dispersion liquids to aluminium box, and platen, take blank panel as contrast.Temperature scanning scope: 0-120 ℃; Heating rate: 10 ℃/min; Protection gas nitrogen flow rate: 50mL/min.Adopt the universal analyzer2000 software to calculate the sex change enthalpy change value of protein.All experimental results are the mean value of three measured values.
1) take walnut kernel as raw material, with twin-screw oil mill, at 70 ℃ of cold pressings, go out most of grease, extremely wherein the quality percentage composition of grease is 8%, obtains walnut cakes;
2) with beater grinder, step 1) gained walnut cakes is crushed to respectively after 20,30,40 and 50 orders, uses supercritical CO
2extraction equipment extracts, and extraction conditions is: extracting pressure 30MPa, 45 ℃ of extraction temperature, extraction time 2 hours.After extraction, in products obtained therefrom, the quality percentage composition of grease is respectively 2.13%, 0.68%, 1.06% and 1.33%.
3) by step 2) supercritical CO
2product ultramicro grinding after extraction to granularity is 100 orders, and product is more than 95% at 100 object sieving rates, obtains low sex change provided by the invention, low Residual oil walnut protein powder.
Step 2) different grain size is pulverized the result of the rear corresponding extraction yield of gained walnut protein powder, sees Fig. 1.
In Fig. 1, can find out: along with the increase of granularity, extraction yield is the rear downward trend that first rises.When granularity is 30 order, extraction yield is maximum.
The collection of illustrative plates of the walnut protein powder that the oil content that Fig. 4 (A) makes for employing differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) mensuration the method for the invention is 0.68%, (B) is the DSC collection of illustrative plates of n-hexane degreasing walnut powder.
Because the walnut protein denaturation degrees after n-hexane ungrease treatment is less, therefore adopt n-hexane degreasing walnut powder in contrast.In DSC collection of illustrative plates, enthalpy change value is higher shows that the denaturation degrees of protein is lower.
The sex change peak enthalpy change value of the walnut protein powder that the present invention makes is 8.97 ± 0.25J/g, compares n-hexane degreasing walnut powder 10.58 ± 0.14J/g and only slightly declines.This walnut protein powder that shows that the present invention makes has less denaturation degrees.
After measured, 25 ℃ of constant temperature were preserved after one month, acid value of oil and fat in the walnut protein powder that the present invention makes (0.68% fat content) is 2.15 ± 0.11mg/g, peroxide value is 5.65 ± 0.22m mol/Kg, and acid value of oil and fat in the walnut cakes of ultramicro grinding (8% fat content) is 7.37 ± 0.54mg/g, peroxide value is 12.51 ± 0.35m mol/Kg.This shows, the walnut protein powder of the low grease content that the present invention makes is difficult for oxidation deterioration, more easily preserves.
Embodiment 2, investigate the impact of different extracting pressure on extraction yield
According to the step of embodiment 1, only by step 2) with the order number that beater grinder is pulverized, be fixed on 30 orders, extracting pressure replaces with 20MPa, 25MPa, 30MPa, 35MPa successively, obtains walnut protein powder provided by the invention.In product, the quality percentage composition of grease is respectively 3.15%, 1.3%, 0.68%, 0.63%.
The result of the extraction yield that above-mentioned different extracting pressure gained walnut protein powder is corresponding, is shown in Fig. 2.
As seen from Figure 2: when extraction yield is within the scope of 20～30MPa, extraction yield is along with the rising of extracting pressure is risen rapidly.When extracting pressure reaches 30MPa, extraction yield tends towards stability.Consider Energy Consumption Factors, select 30MPa extracting pressure as supercritical CO
2the best extracting pressure of extraction.
Embodiment 3, investigate the impact of different extraction temperature on extraction yield
According to the step of embodiment 1, only by step 2) with the order number that beater grinder is pulverized, be fixed on 30 orders, extraction temperature replaces with 35 ℃, 40 ℃, 45 ℃, 50 ℃ successively, obtains walnut protein powder provided by the invention.In product, the quality percentage composition of grease is respectively 1.66%, 1.15%, 0.68%, 0.89%.
The result of the extraction yield that above-mentioned different extraction temperature gained walnut protein powder is corresponding, is shown in Fig. 3.
As seen from Figure 3: along with the rising of extraction temperature, extraction yield is the rear downward trend that first rises.When extraction temperature is 45 ℃, extraction yield is maximum, so slective extraction temperature 45 C is as supercritical CO
2the best extraction temperature of extraction.
Adopt said method to prepare walnut protein powder and have following beneficial effect: preparation method is simple, preparation condition is gentle, has kept the distinctive local flavor of walnut, has very high nutritive value.Fat content is less than 1%, is difficult for oxidation deterioration.Without any poisonous chemical composition interpolation and residual.
Understand specifically the exemplary embodiment of the present invention and current preferred embodiment herein, should be appreciated that design of the present invention can be by other various forms enforcement utilizations, they drop in protection scope of the present invention equally.
Claims (8)
1. a preparation method for walnut protein powder, comprises the steps:
1) walnut kernel is squeezed to the extremely wherein quality percentage composition of grease and be less than 10%, obtain walnut cakes;
2) will after the pulverizing of step 1) gained walnut cakes, carry out supercritical CO
2extraction, obtains described walnut protein powder.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 1) cold pressing step, temperature is 40～90 ℃, is specially 70 ℃.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described step 2) in pulverising step, the granularity after pulverizing is 30-40 order.
4. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: described step 2) supercritical CO
2in extraction step, pressure is 30～35MPa, is specially 30MPa;
Temperature is 45～50 ℃, is specially 45 ℃.
5. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: described method also comprises the steps:
At described supercritical CO
2after extraction step, products obtained therefrom is carried out to ultramicro grinding.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in described ultramicro grinding step, the granularity after pulverizing is not less than 100 orders.
7. the walnut protein powder that the arbitrary described method of claim 1-6 prepares.
8. walnut protein powder according to claim 7, is characterized in that: in described walnut protein powder, the quality percentage composition of grease is less than 1%.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN106165870A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-11-30 | 北京市农林科学院 | Full powder of Semen Juglandis defat and preparation method and application |
| CN106173942A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-12-07 | 北京市农林科学院 | Semen Juglandis meals face and preparation method thereof |
| CN106722053A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-31 | 盈江县邦伟核桃种植有限责任公司 | A kind of composition containing Walnut protein powder and preparation method thereof |
| WO2018132733A1 (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2018-07-19 | Aimmune Therapeutics, Inc. | Methods of manufacture of nut flours and formulations for oral immunotherapy |
| CN109275853A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-29 | 广东金妮宝科技发展有限公司 | It is a kind of look good, smell good and taste good facilitate vermicelli and preparation method thereof |
| CN110643661A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-01-03 | 浙江李子园食品股份有限公司 | Method for rapidly separating and purifying walnut protein from walnuts |
| CN110726750A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-01-24 | 江苏厚生新能源科技有限公司 | Method for detecting oil content of lithium battery diaphragm by using DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) |
| CN114081125A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-02-25 | 菏泽中禾健元生物科技有限公司 | Production method of zero-fat low-sugar low-GI grain powder |
| CN114521607A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-05-24 | 河北绿蕾农林科技有限公司 | Walnut protein stick and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106173942A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-12-07 | 北京市农林科学院 | Semen Juglandis meals face and preparation method thereof |
| CN106165870B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2020-03-31 | 北京市农林科学院 | Walnut defatted whole powder and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106165870A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-11-30 | 北京市农林科学院 | Full powder of Semen Juglandis defat and preparation method and application |
| WO2018132733A1 (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2018-07-19 | Aimmune Therapeutics, Inc. | Methods of manufacture of nut flours and formulations for oral immunotherapy |
| CN110381749A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2019-10-25 | 艾慕恩治疗公司 | The manufacturing method of nut powder and formula for oral immunity therapy |
| JP2020514306A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2020-05-21 | アイミューン セラピューティクス，インコーポレイテッド | Method for producing nut flour and formulations for oral immunotherapy |
| CN106722053A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-31 | 盈江县邦伟核桃种植有限责任公司 | A kind of composition containing Walnut protein powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN109275853A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-29 | 广东金妮宝科技发展有限公司 | It is a kind of look good, smell good and taste good facilitate vermicelli and preparation method thereof |
| CN110643661A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-01-03 | 浙江李子园食品股份有限公司 | Method for rapidly separating and purifying walnut protein from walnuts |
| CN110726750A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-01-24 | 江苏厚生新能源科技有限公司 | Method for detecting oil content of lithium battery diaphragm by using DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) |
| CN114081125A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-02-25 | 菏泽中禾健元生物科技有限公司 | Production method of zero-fat low-sugar low-GI grain powder |
| CN114081125B (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2024-04-12 | 菏泽中禾健元生物科技有限公司 | Production method of zero-fat low-sugar low-GI cereal powder |
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