CN103532284B - 用于汽车的混合驱动装置 - Google Patents

用于汽车的混合驱动装置 Download PDF

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CN103532284B
CN103532284B CN201310498498.4A CN201310498498A CN103532284B CN 103532284 B CN103532284 B CN 103532284B CN 201310498498 A CN201310498498 A CN 201310498498A CN 103532284 B CN103532284 B CN 103532284B
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CN103532284A (zh
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J·范德米尔
W·诺伊曼
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FAW Volkswagen Automotive Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405Housings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/50Structural details of electrical machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/425Temperature
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于汽车的混合驱动装置(1,16),该装置具有转子(3)、定子(4)、壳体(5,17)以及轴,其中,转子(3)、定子(4)和轴同中心地布置,其中,所述壳体(5,17)具有外罩区(7,19)和侧壁(8,22)以及轴容纳部(9),其中,所述轴已经贯穿或可贯穿轴容纳部(9),其中,所述壳体(5,17)至少部分具有冷却剂管道(10,20),用以对定子(4)进行冷却。可以通过下述方式避免混合驱动装置(1,16)的高额装配费用,即壳体(5,17)具有轴‑和转子支架(11,23),其中,一方面轴‑和转子支架(11,23)构成轴容纳部(9),且另一方面转子(3)能运转地支承在轴‑和转子支架(11,23)的外侧上。

Description

用于汽车的混合驱动装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于汽车的混合驱动装置,该装置具有转子、定子、壳体以及轴,其中,转子、定子和轴同心地布置,其中,所述壳体具有外罩区和侧壁以及轴容纳部,其中,所述轴已经贯穿或者可贯穿轴容纳部,其中,所述壳体至少部分具有冷却剂管道,用以对定子进行冷却。
背景技术
在现有技术中已知多种用于汽车的混合驱动装置。在此,转子和定子可以绕轴布置,其中,该轴被内燃机驱动。所述轴可以用作离合器输入轴或变速器输入轴。
从EP1551659B1已知一种用于汽车的混合驱动装置。所述装置设有一台内燃机、两台电机以及一组具有可变传动比的车辆变速装置。所述电机分别具有定子和转子。在第一电机与内燃机驱动轴之间分别布置可切换的离合器,其中,第一电机通过电子功率控制器与电源连接。第二电机与车辆变速装置的输入端形成永久的力锁合。壳体设有外罩区和侧壁。外罩区具有多条冷却管道,并且作为冷却套用于两个电机的定子。这两个电机布置在共同的壳体内。定子和电子控制元件布置在外罩区的内周面和外周面上。冷却管道是环形或螺旋形的,并且大体上被设计为与轴的旋转轴线同轴。壳体由铝压铸制成。外罩区与壳体或支承架的侧壁相连接。所述侧壁具有中心轴容纳部,其中,在轴容纳部内布置有轴承。第二电机的定子抗扭地安装在壳体的内壁上。
这种混合驱动装置还不是最佳的设计。为可旋转地支承转子,必须安装额外的转子支承装置。
那么存在其他的用于汽车的混合驱动装置,其中设有相应的冷却装置,用以对定子进行冷却。
例如从DE60005285T2已知一种混合驱动装置,其中,冷却剂循环(系统)被构造为环形带,该环形带具有密封的环形腔室,冷却液在该腔室内循 环。所述环形带布置在定子的外圆周面上。转子固定在支承轮毂上。支承轮毂可转动地安装在轴承上。总体装置由定子、转子、轮毂和轴承组成,该整体装置被容纳到独立的壳体内,该壳体通过部段件固定在离合器壳体上。所述壳体具有管状的中心区,该中心区同轴地包围住连接部段件,该连接部段件用于连接曲轴与变速器的传动轴。轴承被这样安装在管状的中心区上,即轴承借助于止动轴肩沿轴向固定在中心区上。所述壳体具有这样的侧壁,该侧壁垂直于曲轴的轴线延伸,并且通过倾斜壁连到管状的中心区。所述管状的中心区用作转子支架。用于冷却定子的环形带安装在壳体的圆壁面与卡圈之间,并利用轴隙保持在连接杆的两部分之间。但是所述混合驱动装置具有缺点:需要额外的组装费用来安装冷却剂循环系统。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是设计并改进上文所述混合动力装置,来避免混合驱动装置高昂的组装费用。
那么,本发明所提出的目的通过以下方式实现,即壳体具有轴-和转子支架,其中,一方面轴-和转子支架构成轴容纳部,另一方面转子能运转地支承在轴-和转子支架的外侧。这样做具有减少组装步骤数的优点。那么壳体实现了这些功能:引导冷却剂(流动)、容纳转子和轴、此外尤其要将油室相对于外部干燥区进行密封和隔离。壳体尤其要将变速器侧的油室跟发动机侧的干燥外表面密封隔离。特别地,所述壳体一体式地设有外罩区、侧壁以及轴-和转子支架,借此来减少构件数。这实现了更高的精度。所述壳体可以简单方式制造而成。例如壳体被制成铸件。通过将壳体外罩和侧壁也设计为一体式的,使得壳体的密封变得简单。优选至少一条冷却剂管道、尤其多条冷却剂管道被集成在壳体外罩内。因此优选在外罩区内设有多条冷却剂管道。所述冷却剂管道可以在周向、轴向和/或螺旋状地延伸。冷却剂管道至少部分地由外罩区限定。冷却剂管道可以设计在外罩区的外侧。特别地,冷却剂管道可以在外罩区的外侧槽形地延伸并由其他部件覆盖,并且因此在径向上被封闭。可以考虑将外罩区紧贴在离合器壳体的内周面上,其中,槽形的冷却剂管道在径向上由离合器壳体的内周面限定。所述定子布置在壳体内,并能够很好地被冷却剂管道冷却。冷却剂流经冷却剂管道。在可选的设计方案中,壳体可以被设计为多件式的、尤其是两件式的,其包括第一壳体部件 和第二壳体部件,其中,所述第一壳体部件大致上构成外罩区,而第二壳体部件构成侧壁、轴-和转子支架。优选地,所述第一壳体部件和第二壳体部件通过密封件、尤其通过O型垫圈彼此密封连接。因此避免了最初提到的缺点并且实现相应的优点。
附图说明
那么有多种可能性,以有利的方式设计并改进根据本发明的混合驱动装置。下面根据附图及相关描述来进一步解释本发明的两种优选的结构方案。附图中:
图1以半剖面示意图的方式示出了至少部分具有一体式壳体的混合驱动装置;
图2以剖面示意图的方式示出了图1的壳体;并且
图3以半剖面示意图的方式示出了另外一种具有两件式壳体的混合驱动装置的结构方案。
具体实施方式
在图1中清晰可见混合驱动装置1。所述混合驱动装置1是汽车传动链的一部分。所述混合驱动装置1包括具有转子3和定子4的电机2。所述转子3和定子4布置在壳体5内。此外还设有轴(没有在图中示出)。该轴尤其可被内燃机驱动。所述轴可以被设计为离合器输入轴。所述壳体5尤其被设计为离合器壳体。
壳体5限定油室6。所述油室6从变速箱侧开放并相应地注油。转子3和定子4布置在油室6内。壳体5具有外罩区7和侧壁8。所述外罩区7大体上沿轴向和周向延伸。所述侧壁8由外罩区7向内延伸。首先,侧壁8自外罩区7大体上沿径向向内延伸。随后,侧壁8稍呈圆锥状地延伸到轴-和转子支架11处。侧壁8在径向上限定油室6。在侧壁8的另外一侧,未在发动机侧设有油室。
此外,壳体5具有轴容纳部9。未示出的轴贯穿轴容纳部9。
所述壳体5具有至少一条冷却剂管道,用以对定子4和/或转子3进行冷却。在图示的结构方案中示出了多条冷却剂管道10。冷却剂管道10尤其被集成地设计在外罩区7内。冷却剂管道10尤其可以大体上在外罩区7中 沿周向延伸。在可选的结构方案中,所述冷却剂管道10可以螺旋状地在外罩区7中延伸。也可以考虑使冷却剂管道10大体上在外罩区7中沿轴向延伸。
那么通过以下方式来避免之前所述的缺点,即壳体5具有轴-和转子支架11,其中,一方面轴-和转子支架11构成轴容纳部9,且另一方面转子3有效地支承在轴-和转子支架11的外侧上。所述轴-和转子支架11大体上被设计为空心圆柱状。轴-和转子支架11被布置在中心。轴-和转子支架11具有空腔12,其中,所述空腔12构成轴容纳部9。转子3可转动地支承在轴-和转子支架11大体为圆柱状的外侧(没有具体标明)上。在装配时所述轴-和转子支架11尤其被用于为转子3定中心。那么就可以精确地形成或者说实现转子3与定子4之间的空气隙(没有具体标明)。
转子3具有转子轮毂13,其中,所述转子轮毂13抗扭地与转子3连接。转子轮毂3通过至少一个轴承14、15、尤其通过多个轴承、例如此处通过两个轴承14、15可转动地支承在轴-和转子支架11的外侧上。
那么壳体5满足以下功能:是在冷却剂管道10内引导冷却剂(流动)、容纳并支承转子3、容纳定子4并相对于未具体示出的发动机侧外部区域对油室6进行封闭。所述空腔12可以例如通过轴密封垫圈和相应的轴承相对于轴-和转子支架11以及轴被密封。
在图1示出的混合驱动装置的结构方案中,壳体5被设计为一体式的。特别地,壳体5被制成铸件。因此壳体5是容易制造的部件,该部件承担多种功能。壳体5可以通过自身实现密封。由于壳体5不是由多部件组装而成的,因此可提高组装精度并避免高昂的装配费用、减少安装步骤数。制备有足够的用于定子4的冷却管道,其中,通过减少构件数确保简便的可制造性。由此可以降低成本。
那么图3示出了另外一种混合驱动装置16。所述混合驱动装置16同样包括具有转子3和定子4的电机,那么目前与混合动力驱动装置1的不同之处在于另外一种壳体17。所述壳体17未被设计为一体式的,而是特别地被设计为两件式的。壳体17具有第一壳体部件18,其中,所述第一壳体部件基本上构成外罩区19。类似于图1示出的壳体5的设计方案,外罩区19具有相应的冷却剂管道20。此外,壳体17还具有单独的第二壳体部件21。所述第二壳体部分21也具有侧壁22以及轴-和转子支架23。不同于侧壁8(参 照图1),侧壁22具有向内的凸台24。第二壳体部件21借助于密封件25、尤其借助于O型垫圈(没有具体示出)与第二壳体部件21密封连接。O型垫圈、也即密封件25布置在第二壳体部件21的外周面与第一壳体部件18的内周面之间。
那么在此处也通过以下方式来避免最初提到的缺点,即壳体17具有轴-和转子支架23,其中,一方面轴-和转子支架23构成轴容纳部9,且另一方面转子3有效地支承在轴-和转子支架23的外侧上。关于该混合驱动装置16的其他部件可以参考对图1混合驱动装置1的对应描述。
可以考虑壳体5、17仅部分具有冷却剂管道10、20,用以对定子4进行冷却,其中,所述冷却剂管道10、20仅部分由外罩区19限定(没有示出)。冷却剂管道10、20可以例如设计在外罩区19的外侧。特别地,冷却剂管道10、20可以槽形地在外罩区19的外侧延伸。所构成的槽是径向开放的,并由其他部件、例如离合器壳体覆盖,并因此在径向上封闭。还可行的是,外罩区19紧贴在离合器壳体的内周面上,其中,槽形冷却剂管道10、20由离合器壳体的内周面在径向上密封限定。
附图标记列表:
1 混合驱动装置
2 电机
3 转子
4 定子
5 壳体
6 油室
7 外罩区
8 侧壁
9 轴容纳部
10 冷却剂管道
11 轴-和转子支架
12 空腔
13 转子轮毂
14 轴承
15 轴承
16 混合驱动装置
17 壳体
18 壳体部件
19 外罩区
20 冷却剂管道
21 外罩区
22 侧壁
23 轴-和转子支架
24 凸台
25 密封件。

Claims (13)

1.一种用于汽车的混合驱动装置(1,16),该装置具有转子(3)、定子(4)、壳体(5,17)以及轴,其中,转子(3)、定子(4)和轴同中心地布置,其中,所述壳体(5,17)具有外罩区(7,19)和侧壁(8,22)以及轴容纳部(9),其中,所述轴已经贯穿或可贯穿轴容纳部(9),其中,所述壳体(5,17)具有轴-和转子支架(11,23),其中,一方面所述轴-和转子支架(11,23)构成轴容纳部(9),且另一方面所述转子(3)能运转地支承在所述轴-和转子支架(11,23)的外侧上,其特征在于,所述壳体(5,17)至少部分具有冷却剂管道(10,20),用以对定子(4)进行冷却,其中,所述冷却剂管道(10、20)仅部分由外罩区(19)限定且呈槽形地在外罩区(19)的外侧延伸,为此所构成的槽是径向开放的并由其他部件在径向上封闭,其中,槽形的所述冷却剂管道(10、20)由该其他部件的内周面密封。
2.如权利要求1所述的混合驱动装置,其特征在于,所述壳体(5,17)一体式地设计有外罩区(7)、侧壁(8)以及轴-和转子支架(11)。
3.如权利要求1所述的混合驱动装置,其特征在于,所述壳体(17)被设计为多件式的。
4.如权利要求3所述的混合驱动装置,其特征在于,所述壳体(17)被设计为两件式的,其具有第一壳体部件(18)和第二壳体部件(21),其中,所述第一壳体部件(18)构成外罩区(19),而第二壳体部件(21)构成侧壁(22)以及轴-和转子支架(23)。
5.如权利要求1至4之一所述的混合驱动装置,其特征在于,所述壳体(5,17)对油室(6)进行密封并对其进行部分限定。
6.如权利要求4所述的混合驱动装置,其特征在于,所述第一壳体部件(18)和第二壳体部件(21)通过密封件(25)彼此密封连接。
7.如权利要求6所述的混合驱动装置,其特征在于,所述密封件(25)是O型垫圈。
8.如权利要求1至4之一所述的混合驱动装置,其特征在于,所述壳体(5)被制成铸件。
9.如权利要求4所述的混合驱动装置,其特征在于,所述第一壳体部件(18)被制成铸件。
10.如权利要求1至4之一所述的混合驱动装置,其特征在于,所述轴-和转子支架(11,23)借助于轴密封垫圈相对于轴被密封。
11.如权利要求1至4之一所述的混合驱动装置,其特征在于,所述转子(3)与转子轮毂(13)抗扭连接,其中,转子轮毂(13)借助于至少一个轴承(14,15)被支承在轴-和转子支架(11,23)的外侧上。
12.如权利要求1至4之一所述的混合驱动装置,其特征在于,所述冷却管道(10,20)大体沿围绕定子(4)的周向延伸。
13.如权利要求1至4之一所述的混合驱动装置,其特征在于,所述定子(4)布置在壳体(5)的内部。
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