CN103532123A - Protective circuit for switching over-voltage protection of dry air reactor - Google Patents
Protective circuit for switching over-voltage protection of dry air reactor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a protective circuit for switching over-voltage protection of a dry air reactor, relates to an over-voltage protective circuit for the dry air reactor, and solves the following problems in the traditional reactor over-voltage protection: the capacitance volume is large and the production cost is high when a resistance-capacitance absorption circuit is singly used, and dispersibility of gap breakdown voltage is increased and service life of protective gap is reduced due to frequent actions of the protective gap when a gap protector is singly used. The protective circuit can be satisfied through choosing proper element parameters according to cut-off current; when the cut-off current is lower, a resistance-capacitance absorption device controls over-voltage amplitude values at two ends of the reactor to prevent the over-voltage amplitude values from reaching the breakdown voltage of the protective gap, the protective gap is in a disconnection state, and the reactor and respective resistance-capacitance elements form an RLC (Radio Link Control) oscillation circuit; when the cut-off current is higher, the over-voltage amplitude values at two ends of the reactor are higher, the protective gap is broken down, and a capacitor and a protective resistor thereof are short out; the protective circuit for the switching over-voltage protection of the dry air reactor is applied to the reactor protection field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of excess voltage protection of dry-type air-core reactor.
Background technology
In the large capacity electrical network of superhigh pressure, for the reactive power of compensation network, require to install the reactor of some.Dry-type air-core reactor adopts and seals more and around structural shape, compare with iron-core reactor, has the technical advantages such as price is low, simple in structure, lightweight, reactance value is linear, loss is low, easy to maintenance.Since the nineties in last century, electric power system is widely used dry-type air-core reactor.Along with dry-type air-core reactor put into operation quantity and the increase of the time of putting into operation, accident also progressively increases, and frequent ignition, to safe operation of power system, has brought very large impact.Field investigation and dissection research show that dry-type air-core reactor fault majority is that inter-turn insulation defect causes turn-to-turn short circuit to cause.A large amount of data show, various overvoltage are to cause reactor inter-turn insulation defect, finally cause the main cause of short circuit.Reducing on dry-type air-core reactor overvoltage level, not only can effectively to slow down turn-to-turn insulation deteriorated, and can avoid high amplitude overvoltage to cause turn-to-turn insulation to puncture, and this is very necessary to improving dry-type air-core reactor safety operation level.
According to the rudimentary knowledge of electrical theory, energy can not be undergone mutation, and the electric current on inductance can not be undergone mutation, and in the fast-changing process of current continuity, can produce certain magnitude of voltage at the two ends of inductance, meets e=Ldi/dt.Catering in process of reactor, due to the mechanical property of circuit breaker, the bounce that can exist (contact of breaker in conjunction with, flick, in the process of combination).In the process of contact combination, the electric current in reactor has increased to certain numerical value (storing certain magnetic field energy in reactor), and in the process that contact flicks, this electric current can produce at contact two ends the overvoltage of repeatedly restriking.In like manner, in the process of cutting off at reactor, before cutting off, in reactor, flow through larger rated current (storing certain magnetic field energy), in the process of cut-off breaker (switching dams and produces overvoltage description), this electric current can produce and block overvoltage at the two ends of reactor.
The main promising zinc oxide arrester of conventional over-voltage protection method, resistance capaciting absorpting circuit, protection gap.There is intrinsic thermally-stabilised problem in gapless metal-oxide lighting arrester, can be aging because of repeatedly bearing overvoltage effect, and finally under continuous operating voltage or overvoltage effect, lose thermally-stabilised and damage or explode.In addition, operation reactor insulation level for many years can reduce, and may occur that its insulation level is lower than the situation of protection of arrester voltage, can not reach satisfied protection effect.In dry-type air-core reactor protection field, in order to reach the effect of protection, resistance-capacitance absorption method usually needs the large electric capacity that rated voltage is higher, and the problems such as its volume, cost have limited it and promoted on a large scale in electrical network.The high energy electric arc that gap protection device produces when gap breakdown can cause electrode surface to occur defect, and frequent movement can increase the dispersiveness of gap breakdown voltage, finally makes gap damage (general gap protection does not have resistance, causes busbar short-circuit); In addition non-resistance mostly in existing protection inter space device, during action, breakdown current is larger, easily causes the ablation of electrode; In addition, current transformer is installed in loop, gap punctures, and electric current is undergone mutation, and instrument transformer sends whistle control system relaying protection action, causes power-off.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve in traditional reactor overvoltage protection; while using resistance capaciting absorpting circuit separately, required electric capacity volume is large; cost is high; while using gap protection device separately; protection gap frequent movement can increase the dispersiveness of gap breakdown voltage; the life problems that reduces protection gap, the invention provides a kind of protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection.
A kind of protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection, it comprises circuit breaker, the first reactor, the second reactor, the 3rd reactor, the first resistance-capacitance absorption device, the second resistance-capacitance absorption device, the 3rd resistance-capacitance absorption device, the first protection gap, the second protection gap and the 3rd protection gap, the first described resistance-capacitance absorption device comprises the first main resistor and the first Absorption Capacitance, the second described resistance-capacitance absorption device comprises the second main resistor and the second Absorption Capacitance, the 3rd described resistance-capacitance absorption device comprises the 3rd main resistor and the 3rd Absorption Capacitance,
The three-phase input end of described circuit breaker is connected with electrical network, in described circuit breaker three-phase output end, A phase output terminal is connected with one end of the first main resistor with one end of the first reactor simultaneously, in described circuit breaker three-phase output end, B phase output terminal is connected with one end of the second main resistor with one end of the second reactor simultaneously, in described circuit breaker three-phase output end, C phase output terminal is connected with one end of the 3rd main resistor with one end of the 3rd reactor simultaneously, the other end of the first described main resistor is connected with the one end in the first protection gap with one end of the first Absorption Capacitance simultaneously, the other end of the second described main resistor is connected with the one end in the second protection gap with one end of the second Absorption Capacitance simultaneously, the other end of the 3rd described main resistor is connected with the one end in the 3rd protection gap with one end of the 3rd Absorption Capacitance simultaneously, the other end of the first described reactor, the other end of the first Absorption Capacitance, the other end in the first protection gap, the other end of the second reactor, the other end of the second Absorption Capacitance, the other end in the second protection gap, the other end of the 3rd reactor, the other end in the other end of the 3rd Absorption Capacitance and the 3rd protection gap is connected with power supply ground simultaneously.
Principle analysis: a kind of protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection of the present invention is with two kinds of working method work, i.e. resistance-capacitance absorption mode and protection gap-resistance mode,
(A): resistance-capacitance absorption mode: be truncated electric current when lower, resistance-capacitance absorption device can limit reactor two ends Overvoltage Amplitude, make its puncture voltage that can not reach protection gap, circuit theory, in off state, is simplified as shown in Figure 4 in protection gap,
After circuit breaker disconnection generation is dammed, reactor and Resistor-Capacitor Unit separately form RLC oscillating circuit, and loop current equation meets:
Wherein, i represents loop current;
R represents the resistance of resistive element;
C represents the electric capacity of capacity cell;
L represents the reactance of reactor;
Wherein:
As enough hour of δ, ω=ω
0;
:
i=i
0e
-δtsin(ωt+π/2) (3)
Visible, flowing through current waveform on reactor is attenuation oscillasion impulse.
Voltage e on reactor
capacitance-resistancefor:
Have,
From formula (5), on reactor, produce superpotential size and be directly proportional to circuit breaker shut off value, be inversely proportional to absorbing circuit electric capacity 1/2 power.Obviously, by the setting to Absorption Capacitance size, can reduce superpotential amplitude.
(B): protection gap-resistance mode: be truncated electric current when larger; resistance-capacitance absorption device can not limit superpotential amplitude; the Overvoltage Amplitude at reactor two ends is higher; now protect gap breakdown; electric capacity and protective resistance thereof are by short circuit; protection gap now and main resistor form protection gap-resistance protection, simplify circuit theory as shown in Figure 5, and principle is as follows:
During Circuit Breaker Switching action, form and dam, reactor two ends form overvoltage
overvoltage reaches protection gap breakdown voltage e
btime, protection gap breakdown, reactor is to conductive discharge, i
0for shut off value, the current i on reactor
abe changed to:
Wherein: t represents the time;
Voltage e on reactor
gapchanging Pattern is:
Have,
| e
gap|=i
0r (8)
By formula (8), can be found out, on reactor, the amplitude of voltage is directly proportional to the size of damming, and along with the increase of protective resistance resistance, increases.By the setting to protective resistance size, can, when meeting bus protection requirement, soaking reactor energy, superpotential amplitude be controlled in certain scope.
The overvoltage of supposing restriction is the rated value of 3 times; known with reference to formula (8), protective resistance resistance should be 3 times of protected reactor resistance value, in the process of protective device work; while needing electric current that bus provides only for normal operation 1/3, can not produce any impact to system.
By formula (5) and formula (8), can be found out, in two kinds of protected modes, superpotential size is all relevant with the size of shut off value, all can be when thoroughly blocking in break-in operation the statistics of current value, determine a critical value.By the determining of other circuit element parameter, when making to be truncated electric current and being less than critical value, protection gap does not puncture, and by resistance-capacitance absorption device, bears superpotential protected working; When being truncated current value and being greater than critical value, protection gap breakdown, bears superpotential protected working by protection gap and resistance.The circuit that A phase output terminal is connected in the three-phase output end of circuit breaker of take is example analysis, and establishing the Overvoltage Amplitude that protection gap limits is 3U
l is specified, U wherein
l is specifiedfor the rated voltage of reactor, no matter in resistance-capacitance absorption mode, to work, or work in protection gap mode, superpotential amplitude meets e≤3U all the time
l is specified.Superpotential maximum e
m=3U
l is specified, can be worth accordingly selected diameter and the spacing of protecting gap ball electrode.In the overvoltage producing at switching reactor, the overvoltage producing in cutting-off process is much larger than the overvoltage of catering in process.And in cutting off the process of reactor, no matter when move, the overwhelming majority thoroughly disconnects near current zero-crossing point, rare cut-off current
situation, i
mfor the amplitude of rated current, so get the electric current that dams
be the critical current of two kinds of protected modes:
A, when
time, in resistance-capacitance absorption mode, work, cut-off current
time, overvoltage e on reactor
capacitance-resistance=3UL
specified, substitution formula (5) can obtain Absorption Capacitance
B, when
time, resistance-capacitance absorption mode can not meet protection gap overvoltage and limit needs, and protection sphere gap punctures, and to protect the mode in gap to work, works as cut-off current | i
0|=i
mtime, overvoltage e on reactor
gap=3U
l is specified, substitution formula enters formula (8) can obtain resistance
Empirical threshold value is
wherein, i
mrepresent rated current, being truncated the probability that electric current is less than this critical value is 90%.By formula (5), with traditional overvoltage protection ratio, in the situation that overvoltage is controlled to identical value, protective circuit capacitor C of the present invention
noveladopt separately capacitor C in resistance-capacitance absorption device with tradition
traditionmeet
this will reduce greatly required electric capacity volume, reduce costs; The action frequency of protective circuit of the present invention intermediate gap is reduced to tradition and only adopts while protecting gap
existence due to main resistor simultaneously will reduce to protect the arc current in gap, thereby extends greatly useful life and the probability of damage in protection gap.
According to above-mentioned principle analysis, can obtain the beneficial effect that the present invention brings has; of the present invention a kind of little for the required electric capacity volume of the protective circuit of dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection, cost is low; reduce the action frequency in protection gap, extended useful life and the spoilage in protection gap.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of a kind of protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of a kind of protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection described in embodiment two.
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of a kind of protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection described in embodiment three.
Fig. 4 is for protection gap is when opening circuit, the principle of equal effects schematic diagram of a kind of protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is while protecting gap breakdown, the principle of equal effects schematic diagram of a kind of protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: present embodiment is described referring to Fig. 1; a kind of protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection described in present embodiment; it comprises circuit breaker Q F, the first reactor DK-1, the second reactor DK-2, the 3rd reactor DK-3, the first resistance-capacitance absorption device, the second resistance-capacitance absorption device, the 3rd resistance-capacitance absorption device, the first protection clearance G a, the second protection clearance G b and the 3rd protection clearance G c, and the first described resistance-capacitance absorption device comprises the first main resistor R
sAwith the first Absorption Capacitance C
sA, the second described resistance-capacitance absorption device comprises the second main resistor R
sBwith the second Absorption Capacitance C
sB, the 3rd described resistance-capacitance absorption device comprises the 3rd main resistor R
sCwith the 3rd Absorption Capacitance C
sC,
The three-phase input end of described circuit breaker Q F is connected with electrical network, in described circuit breaker Q F three-phase output end A phase output terminal simultaneously with one end and the first main resistor R of the first reactor DK-1
sAone end connect, in described circuit breaker Q F three-phase output end B phase output terminal simultaneously with one end and the second main resistor R of the second reactor DK-2
sBone end connect, in described circuit breaker Q F three-phase output end C phase output terminal simultaneously with one end and the 3rd main resistor R of the 3rd reactor DK-3
sCone end connect, the first described main resistor R
sAthe other end simultaneously and the first Absorption Capacitance C
sAone end and one end of the first protection clearance G a be connected, the second described main resistor R
sBthe other end simultaneously and the second Absorption Capacitance C
sBone end and one end of the second protection clearance G b be connected, the 3rd described main resistor R
sCthe other end simultaneously and the 3rd Absorption Capacitance C
sCone end and one end of the 3rd protection clearance G c be connected, the other end of the first described reactor DK-1, the first Absorption Capacitance C
sAthe other end, the other end, the other end of the second reactor DK-2, the second Absorption Capacitance C of the first protection clearance G a
sBthe other end, the other end, the other end of the 3rd reactor DK-3, the 3rd Absorption Capacitance C of the second protection clearance G b
sCthe other end and the other end of the 3rd protection clearance G c simultaneously and power supply be connected.
In present embodiment, under lower overvoltage, be the first main resistor R in the first resistance-capacitance absorption device
sA, the second main resistor R in the second resistance-capacitance absorption device
sBwith the 3rd main resistor R in the 3rd resistance-capacitance absorption device
sCplay a part to absorb superpotential energy, under higher overvoltage, be protective resistance, bus shorted to earth while preventing from protecting gap breakdown, the simultaneously energy of soaking reactor when protection gap breakdown.
Embodiment two: present embodiment is described referring to Fig. 2, the difference of a kind of protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection described in present embodiment and embodiment one is, it also comprises the first protective resistance Ra, the second protective resistance Rb and the 3rd protective resistance Rc;
The first described protective resistance Ra is connected on the first main resistor R
sAwith the first Absorption Capacitance C
sAbetween, and the first protective resistance Ra and the first Absorption Capacitance C
sAafter being connected in series, be connected in parallel with the first protection clearance G a,
The second described protective resistance Rb is connected on the second main resistor R
sBwith the second Absorption Capacitance C
sBbetween, and the second protective resistance Rb and the second Absorption Capacitance C
sBafter being connected in series, be connected in parallel with the second protection clearance G b,
The 3rd described protective resistance Rc is connected on the 3rd main resistor R
sCwith the 3rd Absorption Capacitance C
sCbetween, and the 3rd protective resistance Rc and the 3rd Absorption Capacitance C
sCafter being connected in series, be connected in parallel with the 3rd protection clearance G c.
Embodiment three: present embodiment is described referring to Fig. 3, the difference of a kind of protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection described in present embodiment and embodiment two is, it also comprises the first fuse FUa, the second fuse FUb and the 3rd fuse FUc; The first described fuse Fua is connected on A phase output terminal and the first main resistor R of circuit breaker Q F
sAbetween, the second described fuse FUb is connected on B phase output terminal and the second main resistor R of circuit breaker Q F
sBbetween, the 3rd described fuse FUc is connected on C phase output terminal and the 3rd main resistor R of circuit breaker Q F
sCbetween.
Embodiment four: present embodiment is described referring to Fig. 1 and 2; the difference of a kind of protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection described in present embodiment and embodiment one or two is, the first described reactor DK-1, the second reactor DK-2 and the 3rd reactor DK-3 are dry-type air-core reactor.
Claims (4)
1. the protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection; it is characterized in that; it comprises circuit breaker (QF), the first reactor (DK-1), the second reactor (DK-2), the 3rd reactor (DK-3), the first resistance-capacitance absorption device, the second resistance-capacitance absorption device, the 3rd resistance-capacitance absorption device, the first protection gap (Ga), the second protection gap (Gb) and the 3rd protection gap (Gc), and the first described resistance-capacitance absorption device comprises the first main resistor (R
sA) and the first Absorption Capacitance (C
sA), the second described resistance-capacitance absorption device comprises the second main resistor (R
sB) and the second Absorption Capacitance (C
sB), the 3rd described resistance-capacitance absorption device comprises the 3rd main resistor (R
sC) and the 3rd Absorption Capacitance (C
sC), the three-phase input end of described circuit breaker (QF) is connected with electrical network, in described circuit breaker (QF) three-phase output end A phase output terminal simultaneously with one end and the first main resistor (R of the first reactor (DK-1)
sA) one end connect, in described circuit breaker (QF) three-phase output end B phase output terminal simultaneously with one end and the second main resistor (R of the second reactor (DK-2)
sB) one end connect, in described circuit breaker (QF) three-phase output end C phase output terminal simultaneously with one end and the 3rd main resistor (R of the 3rd reactor (DK-3)
sC) one end connect, the first described main resistor (R
sA) the other end simultaneously and the first Absorption Capacitance (C
sA) one end and first protection gap (Ga) one end be connected, the second described main resistor (R
sB) the other end simultaneously and the second Absorption Capacitance (C
sB) one end and second protection gap (Gb) one end be connected, the 3rd described main resistor (R
sC) the other end simultaneously and the 3rd Absorption Capacitance (C
sC) one end and the 3rd protection gap (Gc) one end be connected, the other end of described the first reactor (DK-1), the first Absorption Capacitance (C
sA) the other end, first protection gap (Ga) the other end, the other end of the second reactor (DK-2), the second Absorption Capacitance (C
sB) the other end, second protection gap (Gb) the other end, the other end of the 3rd reactor (DK-3), the 3rd Absorption Capacitance (C
sC) the other end and the other end in the 3rd protection gap (Gc) simultaneously and power supply be connected.
2. a kind of protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection according to claim 1, is characterized in that, it also comprises the first protective resistance (Ra), the second protective resistance (Rb) and the 3rd protective resistance (Rc);
Described the first protective resistance (Ra) is connected on the first main resistor (R
sA) and the first Absorption Capacitance (C
sA) between, and the first protective resistance (Ra) and the first Absorption Capacitance (C
sA) be connected in series afterwards and protect gap (Ga) to be connected in parallel with first,
Described the second protective resistance (Rb) is connected on the second main resistor (R
sB) and the second Absorption Capacitance (C
sB) between, and the second protective resistance (Rb) and the second Absorption Capacitance (C
sB) be connected in series afterwards and protect gap (Gb) to be connected in parallel with second,
The 3rd described protective resistance (Rc) is connected on the 3rd main resistor (R
sC) and the 3rd Absorption Capacitance (C
sC) between, and the 3rd protective resistance (Rc) and the 3rd Absorption Capacitance (C
sC) be connected in series afterwards and protect gap (Gc) to be connected in parallel with the 3rd.
3. a kind of protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection according to claim 2, is characterized in that, it also comprises the first fuse (FUa), the second fuse (FUb) and the 3rd fuse (FUc); Described the first fuse (FUa) is connected on A phase output terminal and the first main resistor (R of circuit breaker (QF)
sA) between, described the second fuse (FUb) is connected on B phase output terminal and the second main resistor (R of circuit breaker (QF)
sB) between, the 3rd described fuse (FUc) is connected on C phase output terminal and the 3rd main resistor (R of circuit breaker (QF)
sC) between.
4. a kind of protective circuit for dry-type air-core reactor switching overvoltage protection according to claim 1 and 2; it is characterized in that, described the first reactor (DK-1), the second reactor (DK-2) and the 3rd reactor (DK-3) are dry-type air-core reactor.
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Cited By (5)
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CN104779600A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-07-15 | 国家电网公司 | Over-voltage protection method achieved by adoption of dry-type air-core shunt reactor combined over-voltage protection circuit |
CN106531415A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-03-22 | 江苏思源赫兹互感器有限公司 | Electric reactance device with over voltage suppression and preparation method thereof |
CN108872653A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-11-23 | 国网吉林省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Dry type hollow shunt reactor group protects sample circuit and its application and guard method |
CN108922756A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-11-30 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of dry type hollow shunt reactor observation circuit |
CN110797842A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-02-14 | 云南电网有限责任公司玉溪供电局 | Overvoltage protection method for dry-type hollow parallel reactor |
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CN203180510U (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-09-04 | 上海上友电气科技有限公司 | Combined overvoltage protector of resistance capacitance lightening arrester |
CN203504171U (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-03-26 | 国家电网公司 | Protection circuit used for dry-type hollow electric reactor switching overvoltage protection |
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CN2347298Y (en) * | 1998-09-08 | 1999-11-03 | 彭文达 | Damper for depressing overvoltage of capacitor group |
CN201199632Y (en) * | 2008-05-07 | 2009-02-25 | 桂林电力电容器有限责任公司 | Parallel capacitor apparatus with dual over-voltage protection |
CN102738774A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-10-17 | 河南省电力公司信阳供电公司 | Overvoltage protection capacitor device |
CN203180510U (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-09-04 | 上海上友电气科技有限公司 | Combined overvoltage protector of resistance capacitance lightening arrester |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104779600A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-07-15 | 国家电网公司 | Over-voltage protection method achieved by adoption of dry-type air-core shunt reactor combined over-voltage protection circuit |
CN106531415A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-03-22 | 江苏思源赫兹互感器有限公司 | Electric reactance device with over voltage suppression and preparation method thereof |
CN110797842A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-02-14 | 云南电网有限责任公司玉溪供电局 | Overvoltage protection method for dry-type hollow parallel reactor |
CN108922756A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-11-30 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of dry type hollow shunt reactor observation circuit |
CN108872653A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-11-23 | 国网吉林省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Dry type hollow shunt reactor group protects sample circuit and its application and guard method |
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