CN103527080B - Drilling tool for directional-blasting well drilling - Google Patents
Drilling tool for directional-blasting well drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN103527080B CN103527080B CN201310547786.4A CN201310547786A CN103527080B CN 103527080 B CN103527080 B CN 103527080B CN 201310547786 A CN201310547786 A CN 201310547786A CN 103527080 B CN103527080 B CN 103527080B
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- rifle head
- magazine
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- perforating bullet
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and drilling tool for directional-blasting well drilling in petroleum and natural gas well drilling. The method comprises the steps that rocks are melted and divided in an extruding mode through high-energy jet flows generated through explosion of perforating bullets, a large-aperture jet hole similar to a hole after explosive blasting is formed, perforating bullets can explode one by one at intervals in proper positions in the jet hole through a mechanism, and therefore the purpose of circulative directional blasting well drilling is achieved. The drilling tool mainly comprises a bullet bin, perforating bullets and a gun head. The bullet bin is a hollow steel pipe with one side sealed, a hanging ring is arranged at the sealed position of the bullet bin, and four bullet bin wedge slide keys are arranged at the position, not sealed, of the bullet bin. When the bullet bin is fully filled, the bullet bin wedge slide keys stretch out to prevent the perforating bullets from falling down, and when the bullet bin reaches the connector, the bullet bin wedge slide keys retreat in a sliding mode, and the perforating bullets can fall down to the automatic bullet sending position of the gun head. According to the method and drilling tool, cost is saved, the well drilling speed is improved, the accident rate of well drilling can be reduced, and operation is simple and convenient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the drilling tool of a kind of directional blasting drilling well for oil, gas drilling, belong to oil, natural gas extraction field.
Background technology
The method of modern drilling is mostly adopt mechanical rotary drilling, and this method, through long-term development, achieves very large achievement, also there is weak point simultaneously.For well system, not only need rig to transmit the drill bit rotational in huge moment of torsion drive shaft bottom, also need a set of expensive solid controlling system equipment, on the drilling fluid that it uses, not only expensive, also to environment, can virtually add the cost of drilling well.Run into loose stratum, permeable formation or stratum breaking band etc. at brill, leakage accident can occur, will likely directly cause well slough, bit freezing even to cause formation pressure runaway, cause even more serious well kick or gas blowout accident; When creeping into, the drilling fluid dehydration in well can reduce the bond of rock, and some rock can expand after soaking, flake-off block, thus causes the firm of the borehole wall and cave in, and causes the accidents such as bit freezing; When oil-gas mining, drilling fluid can produce solid phase particles and mud cake may block gas channel, leak-off liquid makes clay swell in stratum and blocks formation pore, drilling fluid filtrate intermediate ion and stratum ionization produce and precipitate blocking channel, produce water-blocking effect, increase gas stream dynamic resistance, affect the circulation of oil gas, thus reduce the output value.When brill runs into firm compact rock stratum, just must keep high drilling speed to maintain high bit speed, drill teeth will be made like this to wear and tear and aggravate, reducing application life; Because the hardness of tight stratum is large, the high pressure be carried on drill bit also can make the probability of the accidents such as tooth fracture strengthen.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to the deficiency in order to overcome above-mentioned production technique, a kind of drilling tool of directional blasting drilling well is provided, it is the new method of a kind of oil, gas drilling, it can use existing drilling equipment, and can work under without the condition of drilling fluid, does not also need a set of solid control equipment to be separated solid phase, therefore cost is lower, and its distinctive drilling method can reduce the probability of down-hole accident generation, not only can keep higher bit speed, also not by the impact of formation condition.
The method that the present invention adopts is:
The method of a kind of directional blasting drilling well of the present invention, method is: produce high energy jet by adopting charge explodes and rock fusing and extruding are opened, formed one large be similar to explosive blasting after the perforation that formed, and the rock of fusing will be compacted rear cooling, form one deck competent bed, the object of well cementation can be reached; By mechanism, perforating bullet is intermittently exploded one by one being in position suitable in perforation again, hole depth is constantly strengthened, thus reaches the object of cyclic orientation explosion drilling well.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the drilling tool of a kind of directional blasting drilling well of the present invention, mainly comprises magazine, perforating bullet, rifle head formation.Described magazine be one while close hollow steel pipe, there are suspension ring at the closed place of magazine, be used for connect steel cable, rifle head place sent into by perforating bullet by the mode can falling send by steel cable; There are four magazine wedge shape slide keys at the place that do not close of magazine, are symmetrically distributed; When magazine is filled, magazine wedge shape slide key stretches out, and hinders perforating bullet to fall, and when magazine reaches joint, magazine wedge shape slide key is retracted, and perforation resilience energy falls to rifle head and automatically send bullet device place.
The shell of described perforating bullet adopts friable material, ensures not form large fragment after perforation, hinders the advance of rifle head; And cavity liner adopts metal dust compacting, in the high energy jet formed after ensureing charge explodes, do not form pestle body blocking perforation; Gunpowder adopts high explosive, can make the hole depth of injection as far as possible, aperture reaches optimum.The high energy jet produced after charge explodes has HTHP, rock fusing and extruding can be opened, and rock fusing after under groundwater effect quick solidification, and be under high pressure compacted simultaneously, form a firm compaction band, caving in and soaking at underground water and expand of the borehole wall can be prevented, prevent the generation of the accidents such as bit freezing.
Described rifle head is become with outer rifle head group by interior rifle head, they are connected by spring, interior rifle head there is a piezo-electric device, drilling rod drives rifle head to move down, when perforation diameter equals the external diameter of outer rifle head, motionless and the interior rifle head of outer rifle head continues to move down, the distance between interior rifle head and outer rifle head is caused to reduce, when interior rifle head is parallel with the oral area of outer rifle head, piezo-electric device discharges, and ignites perforating bullet, produces high energy jet and perforation, then next perforating bullet arrives at rifle draught animals portion, and now outer rifle head moves down under the action of the spring.After perforation, rifle head moves down, and run into perforation diameter when equaling the external diameter of outer rifle head, outer rifle head moves down and is obstructed, and continues to repeat a perforating process, thus reaches the object of circular gap formula explosion drilling well.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention can be cost-saving, accelerate bit speed, under the geological conditions of complexity, its bit speed is better than mechanical rotary drilling, and can reduce drilling failure incidence, simple to operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the drilling tool of a kind of directional blasting drilling well of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is magazine structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional drawing of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is joint design schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is rifle header structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is perforating bullet structural representation of the present invention.
In figure: 1. drilling rod, 2. magazine, 3. joint, 4. rifle head, 5. perforating bullet, 6. magazine suspension ring, 7. magazine wedge shape slide key, 8. wedge shape guide cylinder, 9. spring, 10. hinders key, 11. wedge shape guide cylinders, 12. piezo-electric devices, 13. outer rifle heads, rifle head in 14., 15. springs, 16. electric spark apparatus to cause burstings, 17. perforating bullet shells, 18. high explosives, 19. cavity liners.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
The method of a kind of directional blasting drilling well of the present invention, method is: produce high energy jet by adopting perforating bullet 5 blast and rock fusing and extruding are opened, formed one large be similar to explosive blasting after the perforation that formed, and the rock of fusing will be compacted rear cooling, form one deck competent bed, the object of well cementation can be reached; By mechanism, perforating bullet 5 intermittently can be exploded one by one being in position suitable in perforation again, hole depth constantly being strengthened, thus reaches the object of cyclic orientation explosion drilling well.
As shown in accompanying drawing 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the drilling tool of a kind of directional blasting drilling well of the present invention, mainly comprises magazine 2, perforating bullet 5, rifle head 4 forms.Described magazine 2 be one while close hollow steel pipe, there are magazine suspension ring 6 at the closed place of magazine 2, be used for connect steel cable, magazine 2 is sent into rifle head 4 place by the mode can falling send by steel cable; There are four magazine wedge shape slide keys 7 at the place that do not close of magazine 2, are symmetrically distributed; When magazine 2 is filled, magazine wedge shape slide key 7 stretches out, and hinders perforating bullet 5 to fall; When magazine 2 arrives joint 3 place, magazine wedge shape slide key 7 is retracted, and perforating bullet 5 can fall to rifle head 4 and automatically send bullet device place.
Described rifle head 4 is made up of interior rifle head 14 and outer rifle head 13, they are connected by spring 15, interior rifle head 14 there is a piezo-electric device 12, drilling rod 1 drives rifle head 4 to move down, when perforation diameter equals the external diameter of outer rifle head 13, motionless and the interior rifle head 14 of outer rifle head 13 continues to move down, the distance between interior rifle head 14 and outer rifle head 13 is caused to reduce, when interior rifle head 14 is parallel with the oral area of outer rifle head 13, piezo-electric device 12 discharges, ignite perforating bullet 5, produce high energy jet and perforation, then next perforating bullet 5 arrives at rifle head 4 oral area, now outer rifle head 13 moves down under spring 15 acts on.After perforation, rifle head 4 moves down, and run into perforation diameter when equaling the external diameter of outer rifle head 13, outer rifle head 13 moves down and is obstructed, and continues to repeat a perforating process, thus reaches the object of circular gap formula explosion drilling well.
The present invention applies in oil drilling, first be connected with rifle head 4 with drilling rod 1, joint 3 on ground, and load onto one piece of perforating bullet 5 at rifle head 4 oral area place, and utilize the rig on derrick by the drilling tool connected import accomplished fluently get into the cave in, get into the cave is be similar to conical hole, and its aperture major part is all greater than the external diameter of drilling tool, then load in magazine 2 by perforating bullet 5, every root magazine 2 can load onto hundred launch hole bullets 5.After magazine 2 is filled, magazine wedge shape slide key 7 is shifted out, the whereabouts of perforating bullet 5 can be hindered.Recycling steel cable is connected with magazine suspension ring 6, magazine 2 is hung wedge shape guide cylinder 8 place delivering to joint 3 by the inner duct of drilling rod 1, then magazine wedge shape slide key 7 inwardly slides under the Action of Gravity Field of both perforating bullet 5 and magazine 2, and now perforating bullet 5 free-falling extremely can hinder key place 10.
When whole rifle head 4 moves down, the boring due to ground is an approximate circle taper, be hampered, and interior rifle head 14 can without hindrancely move down because rifle head 13 is in addition displaced downwardly to its external diameter place equal to perforation diameter, and pressuring spring 15.When interior rifle head 14 is parallel with the oral area of outer rifle head 13, piezo-electric device 12 discharges, and ignites perforating bullet 5, and rock fusing and extruding are opened by the high energy jet that its blast produces, and define one and be similar to taper shape, and most of aperture is greater than the perforation of outer rifle head external diameter.
In the oral area parallel process of interior rifle head 14 and outer rifle head 13, interior rifle head 14 drives the resistance key 10 that falls to move down owing to moving down, and when running into wedge shape guide cylinder 11, the resistance key 10 that falls is slided by wedge shape between the two and backed down, at this moment hinder key 10 to move inward, perforating bullet 5 falls to rifle head 4 oral area.After perforation completes, outer rifle head 13 discharges, move down under the effect of spring 15, thus drive wedge shape guide cylinder 11 to move down, departs from come with the resistance key 10 that falls, and hinder key 10 under the effect of spring 9, get back to original position, continue the whereabouts hindering next perforating bullet, then rifle head 4 continues to move down, and continues perforation, thus reach the object of circular gap formula explosion drilling well when meeting with obstruction.
In the present invention, magazine 2 can be reused, cost-saving.Perforating bullet shell 17 adopts friable material, ensures after perforation, do not form the advance that large fragment hinders rifle head 4; And cavity liner 19 adopts metal dust to suppress, ensure in the high energy jet formed, not form pestle body blocking perforation; Because the hole shape of perforation is similar to taper shape, when perforating bullet 5 is ignited, below also has a segment distance at the bottom of hole, and this just provides the more favourable height of burst for perforating bullet 5, by the performance of perforating bullet 5 to ultimate attainment, can get the perforation that quality is better.
Claims (1)
1. the drilling tool of a directional blasting drilling well, form primarily of magazine (2), perforating bullet (5), rifle head (4), it is characterized in that, described magazine (2) be one while close hollow steel pipe, there are magazine suspension ring (6) at the closed place of magazine (2), be used for connecting steel cable, magazine (2) is sent into rifle head (4) place by the mode can falling send by steel cable; There are four magazine wedge shape slide keys (7) at the place that do not close of magazine (2), are symmetrically distributed; When magazine (2) is filled, magazine wedge shape slide key (7) stretches out, perforating bullet (5) is hindered to fall, when magazine (2) arrives joint (3) place, magazine wedge shape slide key (7) is retracted, and perforating bullet (5) can fall to rifle head and automatically send bullet device place; Described rifle head (4) is made up of interior rifle head (14) and outer rifle head (13), they are connected by spring (15), interior rifle head (14) has a piezo-electric device (12), and drilling rod (1) drives rifle head (4) to move down; When perforation diameter equals the external diameter of outer rifle head (13), the motionless and interior rifle head (14) of outer rifle head (13) continues to move down, and causes the distance between interior rifle head (14) and outer rifle head (13) to reduce; When interior rifle head (14) is parallel with the oral area of outer rifle head (13), piezo-electric device (12) discharges, ignite perforating bullet (5), produce high energy jet and perforation, then next perforating bullet (5) arrives at rifle head (4) oral area, now outer rifle head (13) moves down under spring (15) effect, gets back to the relative position initial with interior rifle head (14); After perforation, rifle head (4) moves down, and run into perforation diameter when equaling the external diameter of outer rifle head (13), outer rifle head (13) moves down to be obstructed, continue to repeat a perforating process, thus reach the object of circular gap formula explosion drilling well.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310547786.4A CN103527080B (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2013-11-07 | Drilling tool for directional-blasting well drilling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310547786.4A CN103527080B (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2013-11-07 | Drilling tool for directional-blasting well drilling |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103527080A CN103527080A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
| CN103527080B true CN103527080B (en) | 2015-07-15 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310547786.4A Expired - Fee Related CN103527080B (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2013-11-07 | Drilling tool for directional-blasting well drilling |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN103527080B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103850649A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-11 | 西南石油大学 | Explosion well drilling operation method by utilizing sleeve |
| CN109596021B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2021-04-09 | 贵州大学 | Blasting device with directional blasting mechanism |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3670828A (en) * | 1970-02-11 | 1972-06-20 | Sun Oil Co Delaware | Explosive drilling apparatus |
| US4997047A (en) * | 1990-03-09 | 1991-03-05 | Schroeder Jon M | High speed electromagnetically accelerated earth drill |
| US6000479A (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 1999-12-14 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Slimhole drill system |
| CN202381051U (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-08-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Energy-gathering composite perforating pipe column |
| CN102536177B (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-11-13 | 甘肃兰金民用爆炸高新技术公司 | Positive-pressure blasting device |
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2013
- 2013-11-07 CN CN201310547786.4A patent/CN103527080B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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