CN103527080A - Method and drilling tool for directional-blasting well drilling - Google Patents
Method and drilling tool for directional-blasting well drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN103527080A CN103527080A CN201310547786.4A CN201310547786A CN103527080A CN 103527080 A CN103527080 A CN 103527080A CN 201310547786 A CN201310547786 A CN 201310547786A CN 103527080 A CN103527080 A CN 103527080A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and drilling tool for directional-blasting well drilling in petroleum and natural gas well drilling. The method comprises the steps that rocks are melted and divided in an extruding mode through high-energy jet flows generated through explosion of perforating bullets, a large-aperture jet hole similar to a hole after explosive blasting is formed, perforating bullets can explode one by one at intervals in proper positions in the jet hole through a mechanism, and therefore the purpose of circulative directional blasting well drilling is achieved. The drilling tool mainly comprises a bullet bin, perforating bullets and a gun head. The bullet bin is a hollow steel pipe with one side sealed, a hanging ring is arranged at the sealed position of the bullet bin, and four bullet bin wedge slide keys are arranged at the position, not sealed, of the bullet bin. When the bullet bin is fully filled, the bullet bin wedge slide keys stretch out to prevent the perforating bullets from falling down, and when the bullet bin reaches the connector, the bullet bin wedge slide keys retreat in a sliding mode, and the perforating bullets can fall down to the automatic bullet sending position of the gun head. According to the method and drilling tool, cost is saved, the well drilling speed is improved, the accident rate of well drilling can be reduced, and operation is simple and convenient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method and drilling tool for a kind of directional blasting drilling well of oil, gas drilling, belong to oil, natural gas extraction field.
Background technology
The method of modern drilling is mostly to adopt mechanical rotary drilling, and this method, through long-term development, has obtained very large achievement, also exists weak point simultaneously.For well system, not only need rig to transmit huge moment of torsion and drive the drill bit in shaft bottom to rotate, also need a set of expensive solid controlling system equipment, on the drilling fluid of its use, not only expensive, also can, to environment, virtually increase the cost of drilling well.At brill, run into loose stratum, permeable formation or stratum breaking band etc., leakage accident can occur, will likely directly cause well slough, bit freezing even to cause strata pressure out of control, cause even more serious well kick or gas blowout accident; When creeping into, the drilling fluid dehydration meeting in well reduces the bond of rock, and some rock can expand after soaking, flake-off piece, thereby causes the firm of the borehole wall and cave in, and causes the accidents such as bit freezing; When oil-gas mining, drilling fluid can produce solid phase particles and mud cake may stop up gas channel, leak-off liquid expands stratum medium clay soil and stops up formation pore, drilling fluid filtrate intermediate ion and stratum ionization produce precipitation blocking channel, produce water lock effect, increase gas stream dynamic resistance, affect the circulation of oil gas, thereby reduce the output value.When brill runs into firm compact rock stratum, in order to maintain high bit speed, just must keep high drilling speed, will make like this drill teeth wearing and tearing aggravation, reduce application life; Because the hardness of tight stratum is large, the high pressure being carried on drill bit also can make the probability of the accidents such as tooth fracture strengthen.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks in order to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned production technique, a kind of method and drilling tool of directional blasting drilling well are provided, it is the new method of a kind of oil, gas drilling, it can use existing drilling equipment, and can under the condition without drilling fluid, work, and does not also need a set of solid control equipment to carry out separated solid phase, therefore cost is lower, and its distinctive drilling method can reduce the probability that down-hole accident occurs, not only can keep higher bit speed, be not also subject to the impact of formation condition.
The method that the present invention adopts is:
The method of a kind of directional blasting drilling well of the present invention, method is: by adopting perforating bullet blast to produce high energy jet, rock fusing and extruding are opened, form a wide-aperture perforation forming after explosive blasting that is similar to, and the rock of fusing will be compacted rear cooling, form one deck competent bed, can reach the object of well cementation; By mechanism, perforating bullet can be exploded one by one in position suitable in perforation again batch (-type), hole depth is constantly strengthened, thereby reach the object of cyclic orientation explosion drilling well.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the drilling tool of a kind of directional blasting drilling well of the present invention, mainly comprises that magazine, perforating bullet, rifle head form.Described magazine is a hollow steel pipe for sealing on one side, and sealing place of magazine has suspension ring, is used for connecting steel cable, and the mode that can fall to send by steel cable is sent perforating bullet into rifle head place; Not sealing place at magazine has four magazine wedge shape slide keys, is symmetrically distributed; When magazine is filled, magazine wedge shape slide key stretches out, and hinders perforating bullet and falls, and when magazine reaches joint, magazine wedge shape slide key is retracted, and perforation resilience energy falls to rifle head and automatically send bullet device place.
The shell of described perforating bullet adopts friable material, guarantees not form large fragment after perforation, hinders advancing of rifle head; And cavity liner adopts metal dust compacting, in the high energy jet that guarantees to form after perforating bullet blast, do not form pestle body and stop up perforation; Gunpowder adopts high explosive, can make hole depth, the aperture penetrated reach optimum as far as possible.The high energy jet producing after perforating bullet blast has HTHP, rock fusing and extruding can be opened, and under groundwater effect, solidify rapidly after rock fusing, and be under high pressure compacted simultaneously, form a firm compaction band, can prevent caving in and soaking and expand at underground water of the borehole wall, prevent the generation of the accidents such as bit freezing.
Described rifle head is comprised of interior rifle head and outer rifle head, they are connected by spring, on interior rifle head, there is a piezo-electric device, drilling rod drives rifle head to move down, when perforation diameter equals the external diameter of outer rifle head, motionless and the interior rifle head of outer rifle head continues to move down, cause the distance between interior rifle head and outer rifle head to reduce, when the oral area of interior rifle head and outer rifle head is parallel, piezo-electric device electric discharge, ignites perforating bullet, produces high energy jet perforation, then next perforating bullet arrives at rifle draught animals portion, and now outer rifle head moves down under spring action.After perforation, rifle head moves down, and when running into perforation diameter and equaling the external diameter of outer rifle head, outer rifle head moves down and is obstructed, and continues to repeat a perforation process, thereby reaches the object of circular gap formula explosion drilling well.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention can be cost-saving, accelerate bit speed, under complicated geological conditions, its bit speed is better than mechanical rotary drilling, and can reduce drilling failure incidence, simple to operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the drilling tool of a kind of directional blasting drilling well of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is magazine structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional drawing of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is joint design schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is rifle header structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is perforating bullet structural representation of the present invention.
In figure: 1. drilling rod, 2. magazine, 3. joint, 4. rifle head, 5. perforating bullet, 6. magazine suspension ring, 7. magazine wedge shape slide key, 8. wedge shape guide cylinder, 9. spring, 10. the resistance key that falls, 11. wedge shape guide cylinders, 12. piezo-electric devices, 13. outer rifle heads, 14. interior rifle heads, 15. springs, 16. electric spark apparatus to cause burstings, 17. perforating bullet shells, 18. high explosives, 19. cavity liners.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
The method of a kind of directional blasting drilling well of the present invention, method is: by adopting perforating bullet 5 blasts to produce high energy jet, rock fusing and extruding are opened, form a large perforation forming after explosive blasting that is similar to, and the rock of fusing will be compacted rear cooling, form one deck competent bed, can reach the object of well cementation; By mechanism, perforating bullet 5 can be exploded one by one in position suitable in perforation again batch (-type), hole depth is constantly strengthened, thereby reach the object of cyclic orientation explosion drilling well.
As shown in accompanying drawing 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the drilling tool of a kind of directional blasting drilling well of the present invention, mainly comprises that magazine 2, perforating bullet 5, rifle head 4 form.Described magazine 2 is hollow steel pipes for sealing on one side, and sealing place of magazine 2 has magazine suspension ring 6, is used for connecting steel cable, and the mode that can fall to send by steel cable is sent magazine 2 into rifle head 4 places; Not sealing place at magazine 2 has four magazine wedge shape slide keys 7, is symmetrically distributed; When magazine 2 is filled, magazine wedge shape slide key 7 stretches out, and hinders perforating bullet 5 and falls; When magazine 2 arrives joint 3 place, magazine wedge shape slide key 7 is retracted, and perforating bullet 5 can fall to rifle head 4 and automatically send bullet device place.
Described rifle head 4 is comprised of interior rifle head 14 and outer rifle head 13, they are connected by spring 15, on interior rifle head 14, there is a piezo-electric device 12, drilling rod 1 drives rifle head 4 to move down, when perforation diameter equals the external diameter of outer rifle head 13, motionless and the interior rifle head 14 of outer rifle head 13 continues to move down, cause the distance between interior rifle head 14 and outer rifle head 13 to reduce, when the oral area of interior rifle head 14 and outer rifle head 13 is parallel, piezo-electric device 12 electric discharges, ignite perforating bullet 5, produce high energy jet perforation, then next perforating bullet 5 arrives at rifle head 4 oral areas, now outer rifle head 13 moves down under spring 15 effects.After perforation, rifle head 4 moves down, and when running into perforation diameter and equaling the external diameter of outer rifle head 13, outer rifle head 13 moves down and is obstructed, and continues to repeat a perforation process, thereby reaches the object of circular gap formula explosion drilling well.
The present invention applies in oil drilling, first at drilling rod 1, joint 3 and rifle head 4 for ground, be connected, and load onto one piece of perforating bullet 5 at rifle head 4 oral area places, and utilize the rig on derrick that the drilling tool having connected is imported in getting into the cave of having accomplished fluently, get into the cave is to be similar to conical hole, and its aperture major part is all greater than the external diameter of drilling tool, then perforating bullet 5 is packed in magazine 2, every magazine 2 can be loaded onto hundred launch hole bullets 5.After magazine 2 is filled, magazine wedge shape slide key 7 is shifted out, can hinder the whereabouts of perforating bullet 5.Recycling steel cable is connected with magazine suspension ring 6, inner duct by magazine 2 by drilling rod 1 hangs wedge shape guide cylinder 8 places that deliver to joint 3, magazine wedge shape slide key 7 inwardly slides under both Action of Gravity Fields of perforating bullet 5 and magazine 2, now the perforating bullet 5 key place 10 that can free-falling to resistance falls.
When whole rifle head 4 moves down, because the boring on ground is an approximate circle taper, because rifle head 13 is in addition displaced downwardly to its external diameter, be hampered with the place of equating, perforation diameter, and interior rifle head 14 can without hindrancely move down, and pressuring spring 15.When the oral area of interior rifle head 14 and outer rifle head 13 is parallel, piezo-electric device 12 electric discharges, ignite perforating bullet 5, and high energy jet that its blast produces is opened rock fusing and extruding, formed one and be similar to taper shape, and most of aperture is greater than the perforation of outer rifle head external diameter.
In the oral area parallel process of interior rifle head 14 and outer rifle head 13, interior rifle head 14 drives the resistance key 10 that falls to move down owing to moving down, and when running into wedge shape guide cylinder 11, the resistance key 10 that falls is slided and backed down by wedge shape between the two, at this moment hinder key 10 and move inward, perforating bullet 5 falls to rifle head 4 oral areas.After perforation completes, outer rifle head 13 discharges, under the effect of spring 15, move down, thereby drive wedge shape guide cylinder 11 to move down, come with hindering key 10 disengagings, and hinder key 10, under the effect of spring 9, get back to original position, continue to hinder the whereabouts of next perforating bullet, then rifle head 4 continues to move down, and continues perforation while meeting with obstruction, thereby reaches the object of circular gap formula explosion drilling well.
In the present invention, magazine 2 can be reused, cost-saving.Perforating bullet shell 17 adopts friable material, guarantees not form large fragment and hinder advancing of rifle head 4 after perforation; And cavity liner 19 adopts metal dust compacting, in the high energy jet that guarantees to form, do not form pestle body and stop up perforation; Because the hole shape of perforation is similar to taper shape, when perforating bullet 5 is ignited, below also has a segment distance at the bottom of hole, and this just provides the more favourable height of burst for perforating bullet 5, the performance of perforating bullet 5 can be performed to ultimate attainmently, gets the better perforation of quality.
Claims (2)
1. the method for a directional blasting drilling well, it is characterized in that, method is: by adopting perforating bullet (5) blast to produce high energy jet, rock fusing and extruding are opened, form a large perforation forming after explosive blasting that is similar to, and the rock of fusing will be compacted rear cooling, form one deck competent bed, can reach the object of well cementation; By mechanism, perforating bullet (5) can be exploded one by one in position suitable in perforation again batch (-type), hole depth is constantly strengthened, thereby reach the object of cyclic orientation explosion drilling well.
2. the drilling tool of a directional blasting drilling well, mainly comprise that magazine (2), perforating bullet (5), rifle head (4) form, it is characterized in that, described magazine (2) is a hollow steel pipe for sealing on one side, sealing place of magazine (2) has magazine suspension ring (6), be used for connecting steel cable, the mode that can fall to send by steel cable is sent magazine (2) into rifle head (4) and is located; Not sealing place at magazine (2) has four magazine wedge shape slide keys (7), is symmetrically distributed; When magazine (2) is filled, magazine wedge shape slide key (7) stretches out, and hinders perforating bullet (5) and falls, and when magazine (2) arrival joint (3) is located, magazine wedge shape slide key (7) is retracted, and perforating bullet (5) can fall to rifle head and automatically send bullet device place; Described rifle head (4) is comprised of interior rifle head (14) and outer rifle head (13), and they are connected by spring (15), has a piezo-electric device (12) on interior rifle head (14), and drilling rod (1) drives rifle head (4) to move down; When perforation diameter equals the external diameter of outer rifle head (13), the motionless and interior rifle head of outer rifle head (13) (14) continues to move down, and causes the distance between interior rifle head (14) and outer rifle head (13) to reduce; When the oral area of interior rifle head (14) and outer rifle head (13) is parallel, piezo-electric device (12) electric discharge, ignite perforating bullet (5), produce high energy jet perforation, then next perforating bullet (5) arrives at rifle head (4) oral area, now outer rifle head (13) moves down under spring (15) effect, gets back to the relative position initial with interior rifle head (14); After perforation, rifle head (4) moves down, and when running into perforation diameter and equaling the external diameter of outer rifle head (13), outer rifle head (13) moves down and is obstructed, and continues to repeat a perforation process, thereby reaches the object of circular gap formula explosion drilling well.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310547786.4A CN103527080B (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2013-11-07 | Drilling tool for directional-blasting well drilling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310547786.4A CN103527080B (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2013-11-07 | Drilling tool for directional-blasting well drilling |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103527080A true CN103527080A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
| CN103527080B CN103527080B (en) | 2015-07-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201310547786.4A Expired - Fee Related CN103527080B (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2013-11-07 | Drilling tool for directional-blasting well drilling |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103850649A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-11 | 西南石油大学 | Explosion well drilling operation method by utilizing sleeve |
| CN109596021A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-09 | 贵州大学 | A kind of demolition set with directional blasting mechanism |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3670828A (en) * | 1970-02-11 | 1972-06-20 | Sun Oil Co Delaware | Explosive drilling apparatus |
| US4997047A (en) * | 1990-03-09 | 1991-03-05 | Schroeder Jon M | High speed electromagnetically accelerated earth drill |
| US6000479A (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 1999-12-14 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Slimhole drill system |
| CN102536177A (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2012-07-04 | 甘肃兰金民用爆炸高新技术公司 | Positive-pressure blasting device |
| CN202381051U (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-08-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Energy-collecting compound perforation tubular column |
-
2013
- 2013-11-07 CN CN201310547786.4A patent/CN103527080B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3670828A (en) * | 1970-02-11 | 1972-06-20 | Sun Oil Co Delaware | Explosive drilling apparatus |
| US4997047A (en) * | 1990-03-09 | 1991-03-05 | Schroeder Jon M | High speed electromagnetically accelerated earth drill |
| US6000479A (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 1999-12-14 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Slimhole drill system |
| CN202381051U (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-08-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Energy-collecting compound perforation tubular column |
| CN102536177A (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2012-07-04 | 甘肃兰金民用爆炸高新技术公司 | Positive-pressure blasting device |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103850649A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-11 | 西南石油大学 | Explosion well drilling operation method by utilizing sleeve |
| CN109596021A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-09 | 贵州大学 | A kind of demolition set with directional blasting mechanism |
| CN109596021B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2021-04-09 | 贵州大学 | Blasting device with directional blasting mechanism |
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| CN103527080B (en) | 2015-07-15 |
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