CN103526731A - Inverted v-shaped stepped energy dissipater - Google Patents
Inverted v-shaped stepped energy dissipater Download PDFInfo
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- CN103526731A CN103526731A CN201310446799.2A CN201310446799A CN103526731A CN 103526731 A CN103526731 A CN 103526731A CN 201310446799 A CN201310446799 A CN 201310446799A CN 103526731 A CN103526731 A CN 103526731A
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Abstract
The invention provides an inverted V-shaped stepped energy dissipater. The inverted V-shaped stepped energy dissipater comprises a straight line section connected with a water inlet, a step section connected with the straight line section and water retaining side walls located at the straight line section and on two sides of the step section, wherein the bottom slope gradient of the straight line section is identical to the bottom slope gradient of the step section, the step section is composed of multiple inverted V-shaped steps in the water flowing direction, the inverted V-shaped steps are identical in length and height, and V-shaped angles are identical. The inverted V-shaped stepped energy dissipater can further weaken a 'water-wing' phenomenon, improve or avoid cavitation and cavitation erosion at the positions of the side walls and the V-shaped angles and reduce the construction difficulty.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs in Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering in flow big vast energy-dissipating installation, particularly a kind of ladder energy dissipater for flood spillway (hole) or crest overflow.
Background technology
Tian Zhong Deng Sichuan University journal (engineering science version) discloses a kind of " V " shape step flood spillway (seeing for the 42nd the 2nd phase of volume, P21-25, in March, 2010), evenly continuous " V " shape ladder, consists of.Through numerical simulation and physical model checking, it can significantly improve current, improve energy dissipation rate, what but have the following disadvantages in actual applications: 1, because ladder border becomes broken line " V " font with sharp-pointed salient angle from original straight line " " font, therefore on front ladder, very easily produce " water wing " phenomenon.So-called " water wing " phenomenon refers to that the overflow of letting out formation under current is because speed is larger, current limit wall shape flip-flop, on the 1st grade of cascaded surface, overflow impact force is greater than overflow gravity, is subject to the reaction force of cascaded surface, jet direction changes, and overflow is by impelling the phenomenon of crossing several grades of ladders.2, the generation of " water wing " phenomenon can make current cross flood spillway abutment wall to wash away bank slope or adjacent building basis, thereby affects the safe operation of building.If 3 do not manage to weaken or eliminate " water wing " phenomenon, certainly will increase flood spillway Design of Side Wall height, improve construction costs.4, because overflow is by impelling and cross several grades of ladders, part ladder, by vacant, has reduced effective energy dissipating ladder number, reduces energy dissipation rate.5, when overflow jumps, from several grades of ladders, through impelling, directly act on certain grade of ladder, can increase this grade of ladder load, affect the stability of this grade of ladder.6, the current rotary roll direction due to " V " font ladder is from both sides abutment wall to middle part rotary roll, cause near near current abutment wall come to nothing, the extruding of " V " shape salient angle place current, cause this position, two places to have low pressure, thereby cavitation corrosion cavitation easily occurs destroy.
For the above " water wing " problem, patent application CN102704447A discloses a kind of " with " V " shape ladder energy dissipater of changeover portion ", though weakened to a certain extent " water wing " phenomenon, but need more transition steps number just can reach the effect weakening, and because transition steps is to gradually change from small to large, increased difficulty of construction.In addition, because this terraced energy dissipater with changeover portion is " V " shape ladder, thereby still exist with the cavitation and cavitation erosion problem at " V " shape salient angle place near abutment wall, " water wing " phenomenon also needs further to be weakened simultaneously, and energy dissipating efficiency needs further to be improved.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of " V " font ladder energy dissipater is provided, further to weaken " water wing " phenomenon, improve or avoid the cavitation and cavitation erosion problem at abutment wall place and place, " V " shape angle, and reduce difficulty of construction.
" V " font ladder energy dissipater of the present invention, the ladder section that comprises the straightway that joins with water inlet, joins with straightway and be positioned at described straightway and the dash abutment wall of ladder section both sides, the base slope gradient of described straightway is identical with the base slope gradient of ladder section, described ladder section is by the multistage ladder formation that is down " V " font along water (flow) direction, the length of " V " font ladders at different levels and highly equal, " V " shape angle equates.
Above-mentioned " V " font ladder energy dissipater, in described ladder section, the step length L=2.5～20m of " V " font ladder at different levels, ladder height h=0.35～4m.
Above-mentioned " V " font ladder energy dissipater, in described ladder section, α=30～150 °, " V " shape angle of " V " font ladder at different levels.
Above-mentioned " V " font ladder energy dissipater, base slope gradient θ=8～53 ° of described straightway and ladder section.
Above-mentioned " V " font ladder energy dissipater, is provided with aerator on described straightway.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, because ladder section of falling " V " font ladder energy dissipater of the present invention is by the ladder formation that is down " V " font along water (flow) direction, when not reducing roughness, optimized flow-shape, by jumping, from " water wing ", change adherent current into, thereby, avoid current to cross flood spillway or energy dissipater's abutment wall and washed away bank slope and adjacent building basis, the stability of ladder energy dissipater self and the safety of operation have been improved, and avoided overflow to jump from several grades of ladders, improved energy dissipation rate, compare with existing " V " font ladder energy dissipater, water wing height reduces more than 65%, energy dissipation rate improves more than 20% (sees each embodiment), compare with existing " V " font ladder energy dissipater with changeover portion, water wing height reduces more than 30%, energy dissipation rate improves more than 12% (sees each embodiment).
2, because ladder section of falling " V " font ladder energy dissipater of the present invention is for falling " V " font ladder, and the whirlpool body unit that falls to carry in current on " V " font ladder energy dissipating effect can be summarized as three-dimensional spiral stream, current rotary roll direction is from middle part to both sides abutment wall rotary roll, compare with existing " V " shape ladder energy dissipater, ladder vertical plane pressure near abutment wall place increases more than 1.4 times, the pressure at place, " V " shape angle improves more than 12% (sees each embodiment), compare with existing " V " font ladder energy dissipater with changeover portion, ladder vertical plane pressure near abutment wall place increases more than 1.3 times, the pressure at place, " V " shape angle improves more than 11% (sees each embodiment), thereby effectively improve or avoided the existing cavitation and cavitation erosion phenomenon in " V " shape angle and abutment wall place.
3, " V " font ladder energy dissipater of the present invention is compared with " V " font ladder energy dissipater with changeover portion, and structure is more simple, thereby has reduced difficulty of construction, can save construction cost, is conducive to apply.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the first structural representation of " V " font ladder energy dissipater of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the second structural representation of " V " font ladder energy dissipater of the present invention, is provided with aerator on straightway;
Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is " V " of the prior art font ladder (step) energy dissipater's (flood spillway) flow-shape schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the whole flow-shape schematic diagram of " V " font ladder energy dissipater of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the flow-shape schematic diagram on ladders at different levels in " V " font ladder energy dissipater of the present invention.
In figure, 1-straightway, 2-ladder section, 3-aerator, 4-dash abutment wall, the single-stage step length of L-fall " V " font ladder, the single-stage ladder height of h-fall " V " word ladder, " V " shape angle of α-fall " V " font ladder, the base slope gradient of θ-straightway and ladder section, B-ladder width.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, " V " font ladder energy dissipater of the present invention is described further.
" V " font ladder energy dissipater that falls in following examples is that described power station catchment area is 4900km according to the design of some hydropower station multi-purpose project
2, it is 5540km that catchment area is controlled in factory site
2, power station flood spillway maximum functional head 150m, maximum letdown flow 1230m
3/ s, ladder width B=10m, maximum discharge per unit width 123m
3/ sm.
In the present embodiment, the structure of " V " font ladder energy dissipater is as Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, comprise the straightway 1 joining with water inlet, with straightway the ladder section of joining and the dash abutment wall 4 that is positioned at described straightway 1 and ladder section 2 both sides, length of straigh line is 17m, ladder segment length is 180m, the base slope gradient of described straightway 1 is identical with the base slope gradient of ladder section 2, base slope gradient θ=18.4 °, described ladder section is by 20 grades of ladder formations that are down " V " font along water (flow) direction, length L=the 9m of " V " font ladder at different levels, height h=3m, α=120 °, " V " shape angle, discharge per unit width 75m
3/ s.m.
Experimental test result: in the present embodiment, flow-shape is sticking wall flow substantially, compare with equal build of the prior art " V " font ladder (under to let out discharge per unit width be 75m
3/ s.m), " water wing " phenomenon weakens very obvious, and water wing height reduces approximately 82.5%; At place, " V " shape angle, pressure improves 15% left and right, and the ladder vertical plane force value at close abutment wall place approximately increases 1.8～2.3 times, and low-pressure area disappears substantially; Energy dissipation rate improves approximately 20%.
Compare with equal build " V " the font ladder with changeover portion in prior art (under to let out discharge per unit width be 75m
3/ s.m), " water wing " phenomenon weakens, and water wing height reduces approximately 35%; At place, " V " shape angle, pressure improves 13% left and right, and the ladder vertical plane force value at close abutment wall place approximately increases 1.5～2 times, and low-pressure area disappears substantially; Energy dissipation rate improves approximately 12%.
In the present embodiment, the structure of " V " font ladder energy dissipater as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, the ladder section that comprises the straightway 1 that joins with water inlet, joins with straightway and be positioned at described straightway 1 and the dash abutment wall 4 of ladder section 2 both sides, is provided with aerator 3 on straightway.Length of straigh line is 17m, ladder segment length is 200m, the base slope gradient of described straightway 1 is identical with the base slope gradient of ladder section 2, base slope gradient θ=11.3 °, described ladder section is by 10 grades of ladder formations that are down " V " font along water (flow) direction, length L=the 20m of " V " font ladder at different levels, height h=4m, α=150 °, " V " shape angle.Discharge per unit width 75m
3/ s.m.
Experimental test result: in the present embodiment, flow-shape is sticking wall flow substantially, and whole fluidised form is more stable, compare with equal build of the prior art " V " font ladder (under to let out discharge per unit width be 75m
3/ s.m), " water wing " phenomenon weakens very obvious, and water wing height reduces approximately 85%; At place, " V " shape angle, pressure improves approximately 16.5%, and the ladder vertical plane force value at close abutment wall place approximately increases 2.5 times, and low-pressure area disappears; Energy dissipation rate improves approximately 26.5%.
Compare with equal build " V " the font ladder with changeover portion in prior art (under to let out discharge per unit width be 75m
3/ s.m), " water wing " phenomenon weakens, and water wing height reduces approximately 30%; At place, " V " shape angle, pressure improves approximately 15%, and the ladder vertical plane force value at close abutment wall place approximately increases 2 times, and low-pressure area disappears; Energy dissipation rate improves approximately 15%.
In the present embodiment, the structure of " V " font ladder energy dissipater is as Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, comprise the straightway 1 joining with water inlet, with straightway the ladder section of joining and the dash abutment wall 4 that is positioned at described straightway 1 and ladder section 2 both sides, length of straigh line is 17m, ladder segment length is 75m, the base slope gradient of described straightway 1 is identical with the base slope gradient of ladder section 2, base slope gradient θ=8 °, described ladder section is by 30 grades of ladder formations that are down " V " font along water (flow) direction, length L=the 2.5m of " V " font ladder at different levels, height h=0.35m, α=30 °, " V " shape angle.Discharge per unit width 45m
3/ s.m.
Experimental test result: in the present embodiment, flow-shape is sticking wall flow substantially, compare with equal build of the prior art " V " font ladder (under to let out discharge per unit width be 45m
3/ s.m), " water wing " phenomenon weakens very obvious, and water wing height reduces approximately 65%; At place, " V " shape angle, pressure improves 12% left and right, and the ladder vertical plane force value at close abutment wall place approximately increases 1.4～2.0 times, and low-pressure area disappears substantially; Energy dissipation rate improves approximately 28%.
Compare with equal build " V " the font ladder with changeover portion in prior art (under to let out discharge per unit width be 45m
3/ s.m), " water wing " phenomenon weakens, and water wing height reduces approximately 30%; At place, " V " shape angle, pressure improves 11% left and right, and the ladder vertical plane force value at close abutment wall place approximately increases 1.3～1.8 times, and low-pressure area disappears substantially; Energy dissipation rate improves approximately 16%.
In the present embodiment, the structure of " V " font ladder energy dissipater is as Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, comprise the straightway 1 joining with water inlet, with straightway the ladder section of joining and the dash abutment wall 4 that is positioned at described straightway 1 and ladder section 2 both sides, length of straigh line is 17m, ladder segment length is 90m, the base slope gradient of described straightway 1 is identical with the base slope gradient of ladder section 2, base slope gradient θ=53 °, described ladder section is by 30 grades of ladder formations that are down " V " font along water (flow) direction, length L=the 3m of " V " font ladder at different levels, height h=4m, α=150 °, " V " shape angle.Discharge per unit width 110m
3/ s.m.
Experimental test result: in the present embodiment, flow-shape is sticking wall flow substantially, compare with equal build of the prior art " V " font ladder (under to let out discharge per unit width be 110m
3/ s.m), " water wing " phenomenon weakens very obvious, and water wing height reduces approximately 85%; At place, " V " shape angle, pressure improves 16.5% left and right, and the ladder vertical plane force value at close abutment wall place approximately increases 2.5～2.8 times, and low-pressure area disappears substantially; Energy dissipation rate improves approximately 30%.
Compare with equal build " V " the font ladder with changeover portion in prior art (under to let out discharge per unit width be 110m
3/ s.m), " water wing " phenomenon weakens, and water wing height reduces approximately 38%; At place, " V " shape angle, pressure improves 14% left and right, and the ladder vertical plane force value at close abutment wall place approximately increases 1.7～2.1 times, and low-pressure area disappears substantially; Energy dissipation rate improves approximately 17%.
Claims (9)
1. one kind is fallen " V " font ladder energy dissipater, the ladder section (2) that comprises the straightway (1) that joins with water inlet, joins with straightway and be positioned at described straightway and the dash abutment wall of ladder section both sides (4), the base slope gradient of described straightway (1) is identical with the base slope gradient of ladder section (2), it is characterized in that described ladder section (2) is by the multistage ladder formation that is down " V " font along water (flow) direction, the length of " V " font ladders at different levels and highly equal, " V " shape angle equates.
2. fall according to claim 1 " V " font ladder energy dissipater, it is characterized in that in described ladder section (2), the step length L=2.5～20m that fall " V " font ladder at different levels, ladder height h=0.35～4m.
3. according to falling " V " font ladder energy dissipater described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that in described ladder section (2) α=30～150 °, " V " shape angle of " V " font ladder at different levels.
4. according to falling " V " font ladder energy dissipater described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that base slope gradient θ=8～53 ° of described straightway (1) and ladder section (2).
5. fall according to claim 3 " V " font ladder energy dissipater, it is characterized in that base slope gradient θ=8～53 ° of described straightway (1) and ladder section (2).
6. according to falling " V " font ladder energy dissipater described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that being provided with on described straightway (1) aerator (3).
7. fall according to claim 3 " V " font ladder energy dissipater, it is characterized in that being provided with on described straightway (1) aerator (3).
8. fall according to claim 4 " V " font ladder energy dissipater, it is characterized in that being provided with on described straightway (1) aerator (3).
9. fall according to claim 5 " V " font ladder energy dissipater, it is characterized in that being provided with on described straightway (1) aerator (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310446799.2A CN103526731B (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2013-09-26 | Inverted v-shaped ladder energy dissipater |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310446799.2A CN103526731B (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2013-09-26 | Inverted v-shaped ladder energy dissipater |
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| CN103526731A true CN103526731A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
| CN103526731B CN103526731B (en) | 2015-08-12 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105951688A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-09-21 | 四川大学 | Compound continuous step spillway |
| CN106436659A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2017-02-22 | 四川大学 | Special-shaped step energy dissipater |
| CN107190711A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-09-22 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of combined energy dissipater of suitable high moisture head and small flow flood-discharge energy-dissipating |
| CN108360465A (en) * | 2018-01-14 | 2018-08-03 | 浙江大学 | A kind of wedge shape mud-rock flow shunting is blocked device and its construction method |
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| SU1657570A1 (en) * | 1989-05-06 | 1991-06-23 | Сибирский филиал Всесоюзного научно-исследовательского института гидротехники им.Б.Е.Веденеева | Chute-and-drop arrangement |
| SU1744184A1 (en) * | 1990-05-07 | 1992-06-30 | Московский гидромелиоративный институт | Damper of flow energy in high flow-rate open canals |
| CN101349048A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-01-21 | 四川大学 | Full section ladder energy dissipater |
| CN102704447A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-10-03 | 四川大学 | V-shaped step energy dissipater with transition section |
| CN102720170A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-10-10 | 四川大学 | Special stepped energy dissipater |
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2013
- 2013-09-26 CN CN201310446799.2A patent/CN103526731B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1657570A1 (en) * | 1989-05-06 | 1991-06-23 | Сибирский филиал Всесоюзного научно-исследовательского института гидротехники им.Б.Е.Веденеева | Chute-and-drop arrangement |
| SU1744184A1 (en) * | 1990-05-07 | 1992-06-30 | Московский гидромелиоративный институт | Damper of flow energy in high flow-rate open canals |
| CN101349048A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-01-21 | 四川大学 | Full section ladder energy dissipater |
| CN102704447A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-10-03 | 四川大学 | V-shaped step energy dissipater with transition section |
| CN102720170A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-10-10 | 四川大学 | Special stepped energy dissipater |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105951688A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-09-21 | 四川大学 | Compound continuous step spillway |
| CN106436659A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2017-02-22 | 四川大学 | Special-shaped step energy dissipater |
| CN107190711A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-09-22 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of combined energy dissipater of suitable high moisture head and small flow flood-discharge energy-dissipating |
| CN107190711B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2019-04-12 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of combined energy dissipater of suitable high moisture head and small flow flood-discharge energy-dissipating |
| CN108360465A (en) * | 2018-01-14 | 2018-08-03 | 浙江大学 | A kind of wedge shape mud-rock flow shunting is blocked device and its construction method |
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| CN103526731B (en) | 2015-08-12 |
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