CN103523045A - Damping type buffer of goods wagon and goods wagon - Google Patents
Damping type buffer of goods wagon and goods wagon Download PDFInfo
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- CN103523045A CN103523045A CN201310511391.9A CN201310511391A CN103523045A CN 103523045 A CN103523045 A CN 103523045A CN 201310511391 A CN201310511391 A CN 201310511391A CN 103523045 A CN103523045 A CN 103523045A
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- type energy
- energy disperser
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- damping type
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Abstract
The invention discloses a damping type buffer of a goods wagon. The damping type buffer of the goods wagon comprises a shell body (11), a damping element (12) and a piston rod (13), wherein the damping element (12) can move relative to the shell body (11) in the direction of impact force, the installing end of the piston rod (13) is fixed to the inner wall of the shell body (11), the compressed end of the piston rod (13) extends into a damping medium cavity of the damping element (12), the damping medium cavity comprises a contraction cavity section (121) and a diffusion cavity section (123), and the contraction cavity section (121) and the diffusion cavity section (123) are connected in sequence in the direction of the impact force. According to the damping type buffer of the goods wagon, due to the fact that the damping medium cavity comprises the contraction cavity section and the diffusion cavity section, when the piston rod moves in the damping medium cavity, the size of the gap between the piston rod and the inner wall of the damping element is decreased and then is increased and the effect that the load is slowly increased initially, and is stably decreased in the end can be achieved. Obviously, the buffer stroke of the damping type buffer of the goods wagon is increased to some extent, and the buffer performance of the damping type buffer of the goods wagon is improved correspondingly. The invention further discloses the goods wagon.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to shock absorber technical field, relate in particular to a kind of damping type energy disperser of railway truck.The invention still further relates to a kind of railway truck with above-mentioned damping type energy disperser.
Background technology
Energy disperser is used for shock absorbing power, and then prevents that impulsive force from producing damage to equipment, and therefore, energy disperser has vital impact for the operation stability of equipment.
The energy disperser adopting in railway truck is mainly installed on the junction in adjacent two joint compartments, tractive force, braking force and longitudinal impact force will be passed on car body by hitch, slave plate and energy disperser, and energy disperser absorption portion application force, and then reduce the impact that car body is subject to.The impulsive force that the dumping force forming when damping type energy disperser is compressed by its inner resisting medium produces while absorbing railway truck operation, the structural strength of the damping type energy disperser generally adopting is at present lower, cushion characteristic is relatively not high, its maximum resistance that conventionally can provide is no more than 1200kN, so the application of damping type energy disperser on railway truck is comparatively limited.Along with the traction quality of railway truck constantly increases, the cushion effect that above-mentioned damping type energy disperser provides cannot meet the demand of railway truck gradually, and then cause the fatigue damage of the parts such as hitch, hook tail frame larger, the operation of railway truck is caused to harmful effect.
Therefore, how to improve the cushion characteristic of damping type energy disperser, become those skilled in the art's technical matters urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The damping type energy disperser that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of railway truck, the cushion characteristic of this damping type energy disperser is higher.Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of railway truck that comprises above-mentioned damping type energy disperser.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of damping type energy disperser of railway truck, comprise that housing, the damping element that can move with respect to described housing along impulsive force direction and installation end are fixed on the piston rod in described inner walls, the compression end of described piston rod stretches in the resisting medium chamber of described damping element, and described resisting medium chamber comprises contraction chamber section and the diffusion chamber section connecting successively along impulsive force direction.
Preferably, in above-mentioned damping type energy disperser, described resisting medium chamber also comprises the equidimension chamber section being connected between described contraction chamber section and described diffusion chamber section, and the outline line extending along impulsive force direction in the section of described equidimension chamber parallels with the outline line extending along impulsive force direction in described compression end.
Preferably, in above-mentioned damping type energy disperser, also comprise the elastic body that is sheathed on described piston rod outside, described elastic body is between the inwall and described damping element of described housing.
Preferably, in above-mentioned damping type energy disperser, described elastic body is made by thermoset material or thermoplastic material.
Preferably, in above-mentioned damping type energy disperser, also comprise pre-shortening mechanism, described pre-shortening mechanism comprises radius stay, on described housing, be provided with positioning through hole, on described damping element, have pre-shortening depression, a side that is positioned at impulsive force direction front end in described pre-shortening depression has spigot surface, and described radius stay is placed in described pre-shortening depression through described positioning through hole.
Preferably, in above-mentioned damping type energy disperser, the described pre-mechanism of shortening also comprises and can apply the elastic barrier part away from the application force of described pre-shortening depression to described radius stay.
Preferably, in above-mentioned damping type energy disperser, described elastic barrier part is spring, and described spring is arranged between the top of described radius stay and the outer wall of described housing.
Preferably, in above-mentioned damping type energy disperser, a side that is positioned at impulsive force direction rear end in described pre-shortening depression has vertical locating surface, and the side of described vertical locating surface and described radius stay offsets.
Preferably, in above-mentioned damping type energy disperser, described pre-shortening mechanism is a plurality of, and a plurality of described pre-shortening mechanisms are along the circumferential distribution of described housing.
, comprising hook tail frame and be arranged at the damping type energy disperser in described hook tail frame, described damping type energy disperser is the damping type energy disperser described in above-mentioned any one.
In technique scheme, damping type energy disperser provided by the invention comprises housing, damping element and piston rod, damping element can move with respect to housing along impulsive force direction, the installation end of piston rod is fixed in inner walls, the compression end of piston rod stretches in the resisting medium chamber of damping element, and this resisting medium chamber comprises contraction chamber section and the diffusion chamber section connecting successively along impulsive force direction.During this damping type energy disperser work, impulsive force is imported into by damping element, damping element moves with respect to housing, make the resisting medium in the compression end compression damping dielectric cavity of piston rod, this resisting medium is compressed, and by the gap between piston rod and damping element inwall, flows into the opposite side of piston rod.Thus, by the static force of the compressed rear generation of resisting medium, and the dumping force that produces while flowing of resisting medium is realized the buffering of impact power.
Known by foregoing description, in damping type energy disperser provided by the invention, resisting medium chamber is comprised of contraction chamber section and diffusion chamber section, when piston rod moves in resisting medium chamber, gap between the inwall of itself and damping element first reduces to increase again, with this, produce the initial load that slowly increases, terminal steadily reduces the effect of load.Obviously, than the content of introducing in background technology, the cushion stroke of above-mentioned damping type energy disperser extends to some extent, and its cushion characteristic improves thereupon.
Because above-mentioned damping type energy disperser has above-mentioned technique effect, the railway truck with this damping type energy disperser also should have corresponding technique effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in the embodiment of the present invention or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
The structural representation of the damping type energy disperser that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The damping element that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and the fit structure schematic diagram of piston rod.
In upper Fig. 1-2:
The specific embodiment
Core of the present invention is to provide a kind of damping type energy disperser of railway truck, and the cushion characteristic of this damping type energy disperser is higher.Another core of the present invention is to provide a kind of railway truck that comprises above-mentioned damping type energy disperser.
In order to make those skilled in the art understand better technical scheme provided by the invention, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1-2, the damping type energy disperser of the railway truck that the embodiment of the present invention provides comprises housing 11, damping element 12 and piston rod 13, and the impulsive force direction of this damping type energy disperser is pointed to housing 11 by damping element 12, wherein:
Piston rod 13 can be divided into resisting medium chamber rod chamber and rodless cavity, and its one end is installation end, and the other end is compression end, the resisting medium direct effect in this compression end and resisting medium chamber; Installation end is fixed on the inwall of housing 11, compression end stretches in the resisting medium chamber of damping element 12, particularly, compression end (is installing condition at initial condition, without impact force action) under be positioned at diffusion chamber section 123 places, after damping element 12 is stressed, compression end moves to contraction chamber section 121 with respect to damping element 12, and compression end is tightly connected with damping element by end cap 15, bonnet 17 and packing element 16.
During this damping type energy disperser work, impulsive force is imported into by damping element 12, damping element 12 moves with respect to housing 11, make the resisting medium in the compression end compression damping dielectric cavity of piston rod 13, this resisting medium is compressed, and by the gap between piston rod 13 and damping element 12 inwalls, flows into the opposite side of piston rod 13.Thus, by the static force of the compressed rear generation of resisting medium, and the dumping force that produces while flowing of resisting medium is realized the buffering of impact power.
Known by foregoing description, in the damping type energy disperser that the embodiment of the present invention provides, resisting medium chamber is comprised of contraction chamber section 121 and diffusion chamber section 123, when piston rod 13 moves in resisting medium chamber, gap between the inwall of itself and damping element 12 first reduces to increase again, with this, produce the initial load that slowly increases, terminal steadily reduces the effect of load.Obviously, than the content of introducing in background technology, the cushion stroke of above-mentioned damping type energy disperser extends to some extent, and its cushion characteristic improves thereupon.
Further in technical scheme, in the damping element that the embodiment of the present invention provides, resisting medium chamber also comprises the equidimension chamber section 122 being connected between contraction chamber section 121 and diffusion chamber section 123, the outline line extending along impulsive force direction in this equidimension chamber section 122 parallels with the outline line extending along impulsive force direction in compression end,, when piston rod 13 moves with respect to damping element 12, the gap length between compression end and equidimension chamber section 122 is constant.This scheme, by increasing equidimension chamber section 122 as transition between contraction chamber section 121 and diffusion chamber section 123, makes flowing of resisting medium more stable, and the increase of load and reduction are more slowly steadily.
For shock absorbing power better, the damping type energy disperser that the embodiment of the present invention provides also comprises the elastic body 14 that is sheathed on piston rod 13 outsides, and this elastic body is between the inwall and damping element 12 of housing 11.Damping element is subject to after impact force action, and constantly close to the inwall of housing 11, after it contacts with elastic body 14, impulsive force is passed on elastic body 14, makes elastic body 14 that deformation occur, and this deformation can shock absorbing power.Now, the bang path of impulsive force has two: first path is damping element 12, housing 11 and car body, by the friction force shock absorbing power between damping element 12 and housing 11; Second path is damping element 12, elastic body 14, housing 11 and car body, by the distortion shock absorbing power of the elastic body 14 in elastic parts.Visible, this scheme has increased the mode of shock absorbing power, and then larger static load is provided, and makes the cushion stroke of damping type energy disperser longer.
The manufactured materials of above-mentioned elastic body 14 can be rubber, and in order to optimize buffering effect, the elastic body 14 that the embodiment of the present invention provides can be made by thermoset material or thermoplastic material.Thermoset refers to and when material is heated, can not soften and repeatedly mould system, the performance of also not dissolving in solvent, and themoplasticity refers to when material is heated flow deformation can occur, after cooling, can keep the performance of definite shape, therefore thermoset material and thermoplastic material all have that intensity is higher, performance is stable, energy-absorbing effect better and ageing resistance feature preferably, the environment for use that it can meet-60 ℃-+70 ℃, has good cushion characteristic.
Further in technical scheme, above-mentioned damping type energy disperser also comprises pre-shortening mechanism, this pre-mechanism of shortening comprises radius stay 19, on housing 11, be provided with positioning through hole, this positioning through hole can extend along the direction perpendicular to damping element 12 outside faces, has pre-shortening depression on damping element 12, and a side that is positioned at impulsive force direction front end in this pre-shortening depression has spigot surface, it specifically can adopt counterbore, and radius stay 19 is placed in pre-shortening depression through positioning through hole.Above-mentioned positioning through hole and pre-position of shortening depression with damping type energy disperser the installation dimension on railway truck determine.Particularly, above-mentioned radius stay 19 can be arranged in the hangers 18 on housing 11.
While assembling above-mentioned damping type energy disperser, radius stay 19 is inserted in positioning through hole, and radius stay 19 is contacted with the pre-depression that shortens, radius stay 19 and the pre-relative positioning that shortens the effect kept out basic guarantee damping element 12 between depression and housing 11, and then complete the assembling of damping type energy disperser; When needs are mounted on railway truck by damping type energy disperser, to damping element, apply suitable application force, now damping element 12 moves with respect to housing 11, spigot surface on damping element 12 applies propelling thrust to radius stay 19, radius stay 19 and the pre-depression that shortens are separated, then remove application force, under the effect of resisting medium, damping element 12 oppositely moves with respect to housing 11, and radius stay 19 will can not contact with pre-shortening depression during without External Force Acting, and then damping element 12 is contacted reliably with the follower seat of railway truck; When needs are dismantled damping type energy disperser, similarly, to damping element 12, apply application force, and depress radius stay 19, make the contraction in length of whole damping type energy disperser, be convenient to dismounting.
Visible, a upper technical scheme adopts the pre-mechanism of shortening, be convenient on the one hand the dismounting of damping type energy disperser, can guarantee on the one hand housing 11 and damping element 12 reliably with railway truck in other parts reliable action, improved largely the serviceability of damping type energy disperser.
While moving due to railway truck, have larger vibration, this vibration causes the effect mutually of the easy and pre-shortening depression of radius stay 19, and the work of damping type energy disperser is caused to harmful effect.Therefore,, in order to address this problem, the pre-mechanism of shortening that the embodiment of the present invention provides also comprises and can apply the elastic barrier part 20 that shortens the application force of depression away from pre-to radius stay 19.Need radius stay 19 and the pre-depression that shortens to do mutually the used time, to radius stay 19, apply application force, overcome the application force that elastic barrier part 20 applies to radius stay 19, while removing the external force on radius stay 19, elastic barrier part 20 will reset, and then drive radius stay 19 away from pre-shortening depression, thereby avoid radius stay 19 to act on mutually with the pre-depression that shortens under unforeseen circumstances.
In specific embodiments, above-mentioned elastic barrier part 20 can adopt Rubber Parts, and the embodiment of the present invention is preferably spring by elastic barrier part 20, and this spring is arranged between the top of radius stay 19 and the outer wall of housing 11, when radius stay 19 and the pre-depression that shortens, do mutually the used time, this spring is in compressive state.
Preferably, a side that is positioned at impulsive force direction rear end in above-mentioned pre-shortening depression has vertical locating surface, and the side of this vertical locating surface and radius stay 19 offsets.In railway truck, the installation direction along continuous straight runs of damping type energy disperser extends, 19 of radius stays are vertically installed, the pre-vertical locating surface shortening in depression can have larger active area with radius stay 19, and then guarantee to locate more reliably between the two, be more conducive to the installation of damping type energy disperser.
Pre-shortening mechanism in above-mentioned each scheme can only adopt one, but even in order to guarantee to shorten in advance the distribution of forces that mechanism puts on housing 11 and damping element 12, the embodiment of the present invention shortens in advance mechanism and is set to a plurality ofly, and a plurality of pre-shortening mechanism is along the circumferential distribution of housing 11.Thus, shorten in advance mechanism and as the used time, be not easy to occur the phenomenons such as stuck mutually with housing 11 and damping element 12, the operation of whole damping type energy disperser is more steady, and its work life extends to some extent.More preferably, a plurality of pre-shortening mechanism is circumferentially uniformly distributed along housing 11, to strengthen above-mentioned technique effect.In the embodiment of the present invention, shorten in advance mechanism and be preferably two, to reduce manufacturing cost and the product weight of damping type energy disperser.
In above-mentioned each scheme: the agent structure of housing 11 and damping element 12 adopts high-strength alloy steel making, to improve the structural strength of this damping type energy disperser, meets the demand of high resistance; Packing element 16 adopts the good High molecular material of load performance, with this, improves the sealing property between damping element 12 and piston rod 13.
Experimental results show that, after above-mentioned damping type energy disperser is carried out to the improvement of above-mentioned each side, the resistance that damping type energy disperser can provide reaches 2500kN-2800kN, its cushion stroke will reach 90mm-120mm, than the damping type energy disperser of introducing in background technology, the embodiment of the present invention has increased the cushion stroke of damping type energy disperser largely, and then improves largely the cushion characteristic of damping type energy disperser.
The railway truck that the embodiment of the present invention provides comprises hook tail frame and is arranged at the damping type energy disperser in this hook tail frame, and this damping type energy disperser is the described damping type energy disperser of above-mentioned arbitrary scheme.Because above-mentioned damping type energy disperser has above-mentioned technique effect, the railway truck with this damping type energy disperser also should have corresponding technique effect, repeats no more herein.
In this specification sheets, each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and each embodiment stresses is the difference with other embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar part mutually referring to.
Above-mentioned explanation to the disclosed embodiments, makes professional and technical personnel in the field can realize or use the present invention.To the multiple modification of these embodiment, will be apparent for those skilled in the art, General Principle as defined herein can, in the situation that not departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1. the damping type energy disperser of a railway truck, it is characterized in that, comprise housing (11), can with respect to the mobile damping element (12) of described housing (11) and installation end, be fixed on the piston rod (13) on described housing (11) inwall along impulsive force direction, the compression end of described piston rod (13) stretches in the resisting medium chamber of described damping element (12), and described resisting medium chamber comprises contraction chamber section (121) and the diffusion chamber section (123) connecting successively along impulsive force direction.
2. damping type energy disperser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described resisting medium chamber also comprises the equidimension chamber section (122) being connected between described contraction chamber section (121) and described diffusion chamber section (123), and the upper outline line extending along impulsive force direction of described equidimension chamber section (122) parallels with the outline line extending along impulsive force direction in described compression end.
3. damping type energy disperser according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises and is sheathed on the outside elastic body (14) of described piston rod (13), and described elastic body (14) is positioned between the inwall and described damping element (12) of described housing (11).
4. damping type energy disperser according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described elastic body (14) is made by thermoset material or thermoplastic material.
5. damping type energy disperser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise pre-shortening mechanism, described pre-shortening mechanism comprises radius stay (19), described housing is provided with positioning through hole on (11), on described damping element (12), have pre-shortening depression, a side that is positioned at impulsive force direction front end in described pre-shortening depression has spigot surface, and described radius stay (19) is placed in described pre-shortening depression through described positioning through hole.
6. damping type energy disperser according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the described pre-mechanism of shortening also comprises and can apply the elastic barrier part (20) away from the application force of described pre-shortening depression to described radius stay (19).
7. damping type energy disperser according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described elastic barrier part (20) is spring, and described spring is arranged between the top of described radius stay (19) and the outer wall of described housing (11).
8. damping type energy disperser according to claim 5, is characterized in that, a side that is positioned at impulsive force direction rear end in described pre-shortening depression has vertical locating surface, and the side of described vertical locating surface and described radius stay (19) offsets.
9. according to the damping type energy disperser described in any one in claim 5-8, it is characterized in that, described pre-shortening mechanism is a plurality of, and a plurality of described pre-shortening mechanisms are along the circumferential distribution of described housing (11).
10. a railway truck, comprises hook tail frame and is arranged at the damping type energy disperser in described hook tail frame, it is characterized in that, described damping type energy disperser is damping type energy disperser as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310511391.9A CN103523045A (en) | 2013-10-25 | 2013-10-25 | Damping type buffer of goods wagon and goods wagon |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310511391.9A CN103523045A (en) | 2013-10-25 | 2013-10-25 | Damping type buffer of goods wagon and goods wagon |
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| CN103523045A true CN103523045A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
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| CN201310511391.9A Pending CN103523045A (en) | 2013-10-25 | 2013-10-25 | Damping type buffer of goods wagon and goods wagon |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110566534A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-12-13 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Damping device |
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Address after: 161002 Qigihar City, Heilongjiang province Tiefeng District Plant Road No. 36 Applicant after: CRRC QIQIHAR VEHICLE CO., LTD. Address before: 161002 Qigihar City, Heilongjiang province Tiefeng District Plant Road No. 36 Applicant before: Qiqihar Railway Rolling Stock Co., Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20140122 |