CN103519329B - The drying system of a kind of fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia and drying means thereof - Google Patents
The drying system of a kind of fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia and drying means thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses drying system and the drying means thereof of a kind of fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia, the drying system of this fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia includes vacuum-type drum filter (1), double screw banded extruder (2) and vibrated fluidized bed (3), and the discharging opening of double screw banded extruder (2) connects the charging aperture of vibrated fluidized bed (3) by belt conveyor (4)；The preparation method used is: fermentation liquid is after vacuum-type drum filter is dehydrated, and through double screw banded extruder extruder grain, vibrated fluidized bed fluid bed airpillow-dry two step completes；Wherein, vibra fluidized bed drying Material control temperature is 55 65 DEG C.Instant invention overcomes the mycelium after the drying that tradition bipyramid vacuum rotary drying pattern exists be faint in color, matt；Drying time is long, and mycelium easily ties wall, burned defect, makes the mycelium color after drying and fresh mycelium have solid colour, and glossy, dried mycelium does not lumps, the advantage do not turned black.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to food and medicine processing technique field.It is specifically related to drying system and the profit of a kind of fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia
The method being dried fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia by this system.
Background technology
At present in the technique of fermentative Production Cordyceps mycelium, the drying mode to Cordyceps mycelium is the revolution of bipyramid vacuum
Be dried, oven drying or it is predrying first with Drying tunnel, be completely dried with airpillow-dry the most again.In reality
In trampling, it has been found that this drying mode exists following defect: the mycelium after drying is faint in color, and drying time is long, dry
After mycelium easily lump, be charred taste；Or the shortcomings such as heat utilization rate is low and drying efficiency is low.
A kind of sky is disclosed in patent " biological freeze drying method of a kind of Cordyceps " (application number 200710011666.7)
Right fresh Cordyceps sporophore vacuum freeze-drying method.The product nutritional labeling that the method produces is not lost, and color and luster is the freshest,
Long shelf-life, but energy consumption is the highest, adds that drying efficiency is the highest, is probably applicable for the natural cordyceps that added value is the highest
, for yield is compared with fermentation Cordyceps big, that added value is relatively low, the most applicable.
One is disclosed in patent " drying means of a kind of fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia " (application number 200910101753.0)
The drying means of fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia.It uses tunnel type micro wave baking oven to carry out predrying, then carries out airpillow-dry,
There is the advantages such as raising drying efficiency, the quality of reduction energy consumption and raising finished product.But it is relatively big that microwave drying has investment, energy
Consume the problems such as the highest.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to design the dry system of a kind of fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia for deficiencies of the prior art
System.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide the method utilizing this system to be dried fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia.Employing this method can
Make Cordyceps mycelium substantially shorten drying time, improve production efficiency, the mycelium color after drying and fresh mycelium solid colour,
Glossy, dried mycelium does not lumps, and effective ingredient is basically unchanged.This technological operation is simple, and equipment investment is little, energy consumption
Little, there is preferable economic and social benefit.
It is an object of the invention to be accomplished by:
The drying system of a kind of fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia, this system includes vacuum-type drum filter, double screw banded extruder and shakes
Fluidized bed, the discharging opening of double screw banded extruder connects the charging aperture of vibrated fluidized bed by belt conveyor.Vibrated fluidized bed 3
Discharging opening connect cyclone separator charging aperture.The air inlet of cyclone separator connects air-introduced machine, cyclone separator and air-introduced machine
Between can also connect acoustic filter.The charging aperture of double screw banded extruder connects the discharging opening forcing charger.Force entering of charger
Material mouth connects conveying worm.
The method utilizing said system to be dried fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia comprises the following steps:
Raw material, after vacuum-type drum filter centrifuge dehydration, takes mycelium and uses double screw banded extruder double screw banded extruder extruder grain,
It is dried by vibrated fluidized bed syllogic again；Fluid bed drying Material control temperature is 55-65 DEG C.Double screw banded extruder in the method
The twin screw screw diameter 120mm of kneading type in the same direction, rotating speed 30-120rpm, temperature range 30-45 DEG C, preferably rotating speed 120rpm,
Temperature range 40 DEG C.
The method utilizing said system to be dried fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia specifically includes following steps:
A. the mycelium water content obtained is made to be after being dehydrated by vacuum-type drum filter by the Cordyceps fermented liquid of fermentation ends
65%；
B. the mycelium after dehydration is conveyed into double screw banded extruder to pelletize；This double screw banded extruder kneading type in the same direction twin screw
Screw diameter 120mm, rotating speed 30-120rpm, temperature range 30-45 DEG C, obtain mycelium micropill diameter 1-2 millimeter；Wherein,
Motor power (output) 18.5kw, yield is 300-600kg/h；
C. the mycelium after pelletizing is transported in vibrated fluidized bed be dried wherein, and one section of inlet temperature of vibrated fluidized bed is 110-120
DEG C, blower fan frequency is 45-50 hertz, through 5-8 minute, enters two-stage drying, and two-stage nitration inlet temperature is 70-80 DEG C, passes through
10-15 minute, ferment cordyceps sinensis D-mannitol moisture was 5-8%, enters three sections and is dried；Three sections of inlet temperature are 10-25 DEG C, warp
Spend 10-15 minute, discharging.
Specifically, wherein said vacuum-type drum filter main frame doctor blade system Frequency Converter Control, autofeed discharging.Main frame
It is 316L with the material of material contact portion.Main frame drive system is two-stage gear reduction, and by AC converter stepless speed regulation
Control.Filter area 30m, roller diameter 2600mm, rotary drum width 3750mm, rotary drum rotating speed 0.1～0.7r/min, stirring
Number of times 18/min, transmission power 4kW, stirs 4kW, overall dimensions 5410 × 4080 × 3500 (L × W × H) mm, weight
9395kg
Wherein said twin screw granulator, kneading type in the same direction twin screw screw diameter 120mm, rotating speed 0-120rpm, electronic
Acc power 18.5kw, temperature range 0-60 DEG C, yield is 300-600kg/h, have cooling jacket reduce temperature, Horizontal speed-reducer,
45Kw, extruder head is made by corrosion resistant plate.Fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia is pelletized by double screw banded extruder double screw banded extruder,
The ferment cordyceps sinensis micropill of the ferment cordyceps sinensis D-mannitol diameter 1-2 millimeter after granulation, is transmitted to vibrated fluidized bed, carries out
It is dried.
Wherein said Vibratingfluidbeddrier driven by vibrating motors material advances and seethes with excitement, aerator and air-introduced machine integration of operation,
Goods fluid is kept to be dried, cyclone dust collecting system, continuous feed, continuous discharge, vibrating motor 2.2KW, air-introduced machine 11KW,
Aerator 5.5KW.
Use double screw banded extruder double screw banded extruder to pelletize, make micropill, follow-up dry；With use baking oven or
The modes such as person's bipyramid is dried are compared, and use three sections of drying modes of vibrated fluidized bed, high material temperature less than 60 DEG C, and temperature is relatively
Low, hot blast and material directly carry out the exchange of moisture and heat simultaneously, substantially shorten drying time, and drying efficiency is higher, can be
Limits ground keeps the nutritional labeling of material.Main component mannitol content improves 3-5%.
The Cordyceps fermented liquid that the present invention uses can be prepared by the following method and obtain: bacterial strain is transferred to slant medium
26～28 DEG C of cellar cultures 7 days, obtain the Cordyceps strain of activation；The Cordyceps strain activated is inoculated in seed culture
Base, wherein seed culture medium consists of glucose 6%, yeast powder 4%, peptone 5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate
0.02%, defoamer 0.1%, to prepare with water, pH value is natural, and 26～28 DEG C of shaken cultivation obtain Cordyceps primary seed solution in 3 days；
Primary seed solution is accessed secondary seed medium, and wherein secondary seed medium consists of glucose 4%, yeast powder 4%, egg
White peptone 4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.02%, defoamer 0.1%, to prepare with water, pH value is natural, 26～28
DEG C cultivate 3 days, inoculum concentration 1%, ventilate 1: 0.4～0.8vvm；Secondary seed medium is accessed fermentation medium, Qi Zhongfa
Ferment culture medium consists of glucose 3%, yeast powder 4%, peptone 4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.02%, disappears
Infusion 0.1%, prepares with water, and pH value is natural, cultivates 4 days for 26～28 DEG C, inoculum concentration 3%, ventilation 1: 0.3～0.5vvm,
Fermentation ends is Cordyceps fermented liquid fermentation liquid.
Beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art: the method for the present invention has that drying time is short, baking temperature is low, energy consumption
Less feature, just because of these features, utilizes twin screw to pelletize and vibrated fluidized bed syllogic drying means can reach raising
Production efficiency, the energy consumption that reduces, the purpose of raising product quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the drying system of fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia.
In figure, 1 is vacuum-type drum filter；2 is double screw banded extruder；3 is vibrated fluidized bed；4 is belt conveyor；5 is rotation
Wind separator；6 for forcing charger；7 is conveying worm；8 is air-introduced machine；9 is acoustic filter.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, and this enforcement following is merely to illustrate the present invention, and to the present invention
Do not limit.
The drying system of fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia as described in Fig. 1 of the present invention, this system includes vacuum-type drum filter 1, double
Screw rod banded extruder 2 and vibrated fluidized bed 3, the discharging opening of double screw banded extruder 2 connects vibrated fluidized bed 3 by belt conveyor 4
Charging aperture.The discharging opening of vibrated fluidized bed 3 connects the charging aperture of cyclone separator 5.The air inlet of cyclone separator 5 connects
Air-introduced machine 8, can also be connected acoustic filter 9 between cyclone separator 5 with air-introduced machine 8.The charging aperture of double screw banded extruder 2 connects
Force the discharging opening of charger 6.The charging aperture forcing charger 6 connects conveying worm 7.
The method that use said system is dried Cordyceps fermented liquid is as follows:
Embodiment 1:
By the Cordyceps fermented liquid 7 tons of fermentation ends, after being dehydrated by vacuum drum, centrifugal clear liquid is as his use, mycelium
Water content is 65%, utilizes double screw banded extruder double screw banded extruder to carry out mycelium granulation.This double screw banded extruder twin screw squeezes
Bar machine kneading type in the same direction twin screw screw diameter 120mm, rotating speed 120rpm, motor power (output) 18.5kw, temperature range 40
DEG C, yield is 600kg/h, micropill diameter 1-2 millimeter, is transmitted in vibrated fluidized bed be dried.Wherein vibrated fluidized bed one
Section inlet temperature is 120 DEG C, and blower fan frequency is 50 hertz, through 5 minutes, enters two-stage drying, and two-stage nitration inlet temperature is 80
DEG C, through 10 minutes, ferment cordyceps sinensis D-mannitol moisture was 5%, enters three sections and is dried；Three sections of inlet temperature are 25 DEG C,
Through 10 minutes, discharging.Product meets company standard WS1C1-0001-95 (Z), the mycelium color after drying and fresh mycelium
Solid colour, glossy, and dried mycelium do not lumps, and does not turns black；The content of mannitol is 10.1%, and adenosine is
0.24%
Embodiment 2:
By the Cordyceps fermented liquid 40 tons of fermentation ends, after being dehydrated by vacuum drum, centrifugal clear liquid is as his use, mycelium
Water content is 60%, utilizes double screw banded extruder double screw banded extruder to carry out mycelium granulation.This double screw banded extruder twin screw squeezes
Bar machine kneading type in the same direction twin screw screw diameter 120mm, rotating speed 30rpm, motor power (output) 18.5kw, temperature 30 DEG C, produce
Amount is 350kg/h, micropill diameter 1-2 millimeter, is transmitted in vibrated fluidized bed be dried.Wherein one section of air intake of vibrated fluidized bed
Temperature is 120 DEG C, and blower fan frequency is 50 hertz, through 5 minutes, enters two-stage drying, and two-stage nitration inlet temperature is 80 DEG C, warp
Spending 10 minutes, ferment cordyceps sinensis D-mannitol moisture is 5%, enters three sections and is dried；Three sections of inlet temperature are 25 DEG C, through 10
Minute, discharging.Product meets company standard WS1C1-0001-95 (Z), makes the mycelium color after drying and fresh mycelium color
Unanimously, glossy, and dried mycelium do not lumps, and does not turns black；The content of mannitol is 10.5%, and adenosine is 0.26%
Embodiment 3:
By the Cordyceps fermented liquid 40 tons of fermentation ends, after being dehydrated by vacuum drum, centrifugal clear liquid is as his use, mycelium
Water content is 65%, utilizes double screw banded extruder double screw banded extruder to carry out mycelium granulation.This double screw banded extruder is mediated in the same direction
Type twin screw screw diameter 120mm, rotating speed 60rpm, motor power (output) 18.5kw, temperature range 35 DEG C, yield is 450kg/h,
Micropill diameter 1-2 millimeter, is transmitted in vibrated fluidized bed be dried.Wherein one section of inlet temperature of vibrated fluidized bed is 120 DEG C,
Blower fan frequency is 50 hertz, through 5 minutes, enters two-stage drying, and two-stage nitration inlet temperature is 80 DEG C, through 10 minutes, sends out
Ferment Cordyceps mycelium moisture is 5%, enters three sections and is dried；Three sections of inlet temperature are 25 DEG C, through 10 minutes, and discharging.
Product meets company standard WS1C1-0001-95 (Z), the mycelium color after drying and fresh mycelium solid colour, glossy,
And dried mycelium does not lumps, and does not turns black；The content of mannitol is 10.0%, and adenosine is 0.22%.
Embodiment 4:
By the Cordyceps fermented liquid 40 tons of fermentation ends, after being dehydrated by vacuum drum, centrifugal clear liquid is as his use, mycelium
Water content is 65%, utilizes double screw banded extruder to carry out mycelium granulation.This double screw banded extruder kneading type in the same direction twin screw screw rod
Diameter 120mm, rotating speed 90rpm, motor power (output) 18.5kw, temperature range 45 DEG C, yield is 500kg/h, and micropill is straight
Footpath 1-2 millimeter, is transmitted in vibrated fluidized bed be dried.Wherein one section of inlet temperature of vibrated fluidized bed is 120 DEG C, blower fan frequency
Rate is 50 hertz, through 8 minutes, enters two-stage drying, and two-stage nitration inlet temperature is 70 DEG C, through 15 minutes, and ferment cordyceps sinensis
Mycelium moisture is 5%, enters three sections and is dried；Three sections of inlet temperature are 20 DEG C, through 15 minutes, and discharging.Product accords with
Close company standard WS1C1-0001-95 (Z), the mycelium color after drying and fresh mycelium solid colour, glossy, and do
Mycelium after dry does not lumps, and does not turns black；The content of mannitol is 10.9%, and adenosine is 0.28%.
Cordyceps fermented liquid fermentation liquid method in above-described embodiment: Cordyceps strain is transferred to slant medium 26～28 DEG C
Cellar culture 7 days, obtains the Cordyceps strain of activation；The Cordyceps strain activated is inoculated in seed culture medium, wherein
Seed culture medium consists of glucose 6%, yeast powder 4%, peptone 5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.02%,
Defoamer 0.1%, prepares with water, and pH value is natural, and 26～28 DEG C of shaken cultivation obtain Cordyceps primary seed solution in 3 days；By one
Level seed liquor accesses secondary seed medium, and wherein secondary seed medium consists of glucose 4%, yeast powder 4%, peptone
4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.02%, defoamer 0.1%, to prepare with water, pH value is natural, 26～28 DEG C of cultivations
3 days, inoculum concentration 1%, ventilation 1: 0.4～0.8vvm；Secondary seed medium is accessed fermentation medium, wherein fermentation culture
The basis set glucose 3% that becomes, yeast powder 4%, peptone 4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.02%, defoamer 0.1%,
Preparing with water, pH value is natural, cultivates 4 days for 26～28 DEG C, inoculum concentration 3%, ventilation 1: 0.3～0.5vvm, and fermentation ends is i.e.
For Cordyceps fermented liquid fermentation liquid.
In above-described embodiment, mannitol content detection method is as follows:
Instrument: An Jielun company 1100 of U.S. high performance liquid chromatograph, apparatus,Soxhlet's, centrifuge.
Material: mannitol (top grade is pure), tetraethyl iodate amine (analytical pure), purified water.
Analysis condition: analytical column is anti-phase C18Post；Flowing is deionized water-50nmol/L tetraethyl iodate amine aqueous solution mutually；Stream
Speed is 0.6mL/min；Column temperature is room temperature；Sample size is 20 microlitres.
Prepared by sample: take Cordyceps mycelium powder end 0.4182g, put in apparatus,Soxhlet's, adds people's 80ml water, and water-bath adds
Hot 2h, takes out 10ml and adds in centrifuge tube, be centrifuged 5min with the speed of 1000r/min, take supernatant.Locate in advance by chromatograph
After reason pillar processes, being diluted with water to mass concentration is 1.94mg/ml, draws 20 microlitre sample introductions, carries out chromatography.
Claims (9)
1. the method that the drying system utilizing fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia is dried fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia, it is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: raw material is after vacuum-type drum filter is centrifugal, through double screw banded extruder extruder grain, three sections of drying modes of vibrated fluidized bed carry out airpillow-dry；Fluid bed drying Material control temperature is 55-65 DEG C；The drying system of this fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia includes vacuum-type drum filter (1), double screw banded extruder (2) and vibrated fluidized bed (3), and the discharging opening of double screw banded extruder (2) connects the charging aperture of vibrated fluidized bed (3) by belt conveyor (4).
The method that the drying system utilizing fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia the most according to claim 1 is dried fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia, is characterized in that the discharging opening of vibrated fluidized bed (3) connects the charging aperture of cyclone separator (5).
The method that the drying system utilizing fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia the most according to claim 2 is dried fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia, is characterized in that the air inlet of cyclone separator (5) connects air-introduced machine (8).
The method that the drying system utilizing fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia the most according to claim 3 is dried fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia, is characterized in that being connected between cyclone separator (5) with air-introduced machine (8) acoustic filter (9).
The method that the drying system utilizing fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia the most according to claim 1 is dried fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia, is characterized in that the charging aperture of double screw banded extruder (2) connects the discharging opening forcing charger (6).
The method that the drying system utilizing fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia the most according to claim 1 is dried fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia, is characterized in that the charging aperture forcing charger (6) connects conveying worm (7).
The method that the drying system utilizing fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia the most according to claim 1 is dried fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia, it is characterized in that double screw banded extruder kneading type in the same direction twin screw screw diameter 120mm in the method, rotating speed 30-120rpm, temperature range 30-45 DEG C.
The method that the drying system utilizing fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia the most according to claim 1 is dried fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia, it is characterised in that the method comprises the following steps:
A. making the mycelium water content obtained by vacuum-type drum filter after being dehydrated by the Cordyceps fermented liquid of fermentation ends is 65%；
B. the mycelium after dehydration is conveyed into double screw banded extruder to pelletize；This double screw banded extruder kneading type in the same direction twin screw screw diameter 120mm, rotating speed 30-120rpm, temperature range 30-45 DEG C, obtain mycelium micropill diameter 1-2 millimeter；
C. the mycelium after pelletizing is transported in vibrated fluidized bed be dried wherein, one section of inlet temperature of vibrated fluidized bed is 110-120 DEG C, blower fan frequency is 45-50 hertz, through 5-8 minute, entering two-stage drying, two-stage nitration inlet temperature was 70-80 DEG C, through 10-15 minute, ferment cordyceps sinensis D-mannitol moisture is 5-8%, enters three sections and is dried；Three sections of inlet temperature are 10-25 DEG C, through 10-15 minute, and discharging.
The method that the drying system utilizing fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia the most according to claim 8 is dried fermented cordyceps sinensis mycelia, it is characterized in that the Cordyceps fermented liquid used in the method is prepared by the following method and obtains: bacterial strain is transferred to slant medium 26～28 DEG C of cellar cultures 7 days, obtains the Cordyceps strain of activation；The Cordyceps strain activated is inoculated in seed culture medium, wherein seed culture medium consists of glucose 6%, yeast powder 4%, peptone 5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.02%, defoamer 0.1%, preparing with water, pH value is natural, and 26～28 DEG C of shaken cultivation obtain Cordyceps primary seed solution in 3 days；Primary seed solution is accessed secondary seed medium, wherein secondary seed medium consists of glucose 4%, yeast powder 4%, peptone 4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.02%, defoamer 0.1%, prepare with water, pH value is natural, cultivate 3 days for 26～28 DEG C, inoculum concentration 1%, ventilation 1: 0.4～0.8vvm；Secondary seed medium is accessed fermentation medium, and wherein fermentation medium consists of glucose 3%, yeast powder 4%, peptone 4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.02%, defoamer 0.1%, prepare with water, pH value is natural, cultivates 4 days for 26～28 DEG C, inoculum concentration 3%, ventilation 1: 0.3～0.5vvm, fermentation ends is Cordyceps fermented liquid.
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