CN103517750B - 包括具有集成的隔热装置的平行通路接触器的吸附器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于吸附流体的吸附器,包括具有至少两个平行通路接触器的塔柱,该至少两个平行通路接触器沿要被吸附的流体的流向串连布置,并且都包括内隔热装置。每个平行通路接触器都具有通道,所述通道从平行通路接触器的外周开始在20cm的向心径向距离上至少部分地被阻塞。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及对于包括多个平行通路接触器的吸附器的隔热,并涉及所述吸附器的用途。
背景技术
吸附为一种物理现象,正在被越来越多地应用于工业上以分离或净化气体流。
例如,吸附一般用于干燥各种气体流,特别是空气或天然气以用于生产氢,以及用以从大气中生产氧和/或氮,以及在下游方法中使用各种废气的多种成分之前或者在将这些成分作为VOC、氮氧化物和汞等排出之前用以对这些成分进行捕获。
所用方法可为失载型的或再生型的。通过减压或升温实现再生。也可结合这两种效应。分别称之为PSA(变压吸附)、TSA(变温吸附)和PTSA(变温变压吸附)。
当在真空下进行PSA再生时,通常使用简称VSA(变真空吸附)。
本发明特别地涉及TSA。
填充于吸附器中的吸附剂通常是颗粒状的。这些颗粒可为小颗粒、棍状物、球状物或碎料。这些颗粒的典型尺寸一般为0.5mm至5mm。
最小的颗粒改善了吸附动力学性质,并由此改进了该方法的效果,但另一方面又在流体相上产生了巨大的压降。
常规的球状吸附剂的轴向塔柱(上升或下降的流体循环)将隔热装置用于球体的床与周围环境之间。
在典型地直径小于2m的小尺寸的塔柱上,更倾向于使用附着在塔柱的外筒上的玻璃棉、多孔玻璃或聚氨酯泡沫隔热层类型的外部隔热装置:这种隔热装置不是很有效,因为在塔柱的再生加热阶段,一些热能被用来加热塔柱的金属,从而在增大再生率时需要补偿该热损失。
在典型地直径大于2m的大尺寸的塔柱上,使用内部隔热装置:其必须在机械方面能够容纳吸附剂球体的床,而不会促使(在吸附剂的床之外)形成优先气体通路,并且能承受吸附与再生之间的任何压缩/解压缩循环。由于空气层保持静止不动,因此通常使用的是单层或双层气体的系统,该单层或双层气体用作隔热垫。这些层虽然在隔热方面相对有效,但难以实施并且比较昂贵。
发明内容
由此出发,所提出的一个问题是提供用于TSA中的具有更好的隔热的吸附剂。
本发明的一个解决方案是,一种用于吸附流体的吸附器,包括具有至少两个平行通路接触器的塔柱,该至少两个平行通路接触器沿要被吸附的流体的流向串连布置,其特征在于,每个接触器都包括内部隔热装置。
“内部隔热装置”是指,每个平行通路接触器特有的隔热装置,也即是说,集成在每个接触器中的隔热装置。
平行通路接触器是指,其中流体流经通道、而这些通道的壁容纳有吸附剂的一种装置。流体在通道中基本无障碍地流动,这些通道使得流体能够从接触器的入口流到出口。这些通道可为直线型的,直接将接触器的入口和出口连接,或者可具有方向上的变化。在其流动过程中,流体与存在于所述壁上的至少一个吸附剂接触。
根据本发明的解决方案具有以下优点:
-易于实施,因为其集成在平行通路接触器上:在向吸附器中安放接触器的同时安装隔热装置。
-内部型的隔热装置,等同于多个静止的空气层:良好的隔热性能,使得对于同等的性能可减小其尺寸,或者对于同等的尺寸可提高热性能。
-价廉。
此外,平行通路接触器的压降较小,使得在同等压降下可减小吸附器的直径,可选地增加其高度。
根据实际情况,根据本发明的吸附器的平行通路接触器可包括下列内部隔热装置之一或其它。
根据第一种可选方式,每个接触器的内部隔热装置包括:
-固定于接触器的整个高度上的密封的双筒,和
-引入所述双筒形成的空间内的隔热体。
密封是指“防止在平行通路接触器之外形成优先气体通路”。
具体实施方式
图1示出了具有双筒的平行通路接触器。
图2示出了根据本发明的吸附器,包括一系列具有双筒的平行通路接触器。
隔热体优选地选自珍珠岩、玻璃棉、石棉、多孔玻璃、真空、气凝胶、多层隔热体或其他任何隔热体或常用隔热体的组合。
另外,该第一可选方式可由密封元件补充,该密封元件固定在双筒的外筒上,面对塔柱的内筒。该密封元件优选地选自毛刷、衬垫、焊缝或焊接件、粘胶或粘结件,并且优选地将尺寸设置为使得在吸附器再生期间减少吸附器的筒体与平行通路接触器的双筒之间的任何差异性膨胀。
根据第二可选方式,每个平行通路接触器都具有通道,该通道从平行通路接触器的外周开始在20cm(优选10cm,甚至更优选5cm)的向心径向距离上被至少部分地阻塞。
所述阻塞防止在相关通道内形成优先气体通路。
应该注意到,在该第二可选方式中,平行通路接触器可选地具有筒体。因此,“外周”指的是平行通路接触器的边缘,或者平行通路接触器的筒体的边缘。
为实现通道的阻塞:
-在需要被部分阻塞的通道的至少一部分长度上填充树脂、胶泥、硅树脂或任何可以液体或粘性体形式被施加的物质,以用于持久地阻塞相关通道;和/或
-使需要被部分阻塞的通道的至少一端被金属板、塑料板、硅树脂、橡胶衬垫、或任何可设置或固定的固体元件阻塞。
阻塞可在每个相关通道的顶部、底部或部分上进行。可设想阻塞每个相关通道的整个长度。
图3示出了在需要被阻塞的通道的顶端设有金属板的平行通路接触器。
图4示出了根据本发明的吸附器,包括一系列平行通路接触器,其中在需要被阻塞的通道的顶端设有金属板。
在该第二可选方式中,阻塞通道使得可阻碍这些通道中的流体循环和形成类似于细小气体层的隔热装置。该静止的气体单元比常规的气体层小很多,由此获得更明显的隔热效果。可选择地,为达到同等的隔热性能,可将隔热装置的厚度大大减小。
此外,该第二可选方式可由密封元件补充,该密封元件固定在平行通路接触器的外表面上,面对塔柱的内筒。该密封元件优选自毛刷、衬垫、焊缝或焊接件、粘胶或粘结件,并且优选地将尺寸设置为使得在吸附器再生期间减少吸附器的筒体与平行通路接触器的外周之间的任何差异性膨胀。
可用于平行通路接触器的吸附剂为用于常规气体流净化或分离单元的吸附剂。该选择取决于应用。可在同一个接触器中相继使用多种不同的吸附剂。可使用硅胶、可选地添加的活性铝、活性炭、各种类型的沸石(可选地进行互换的3A、4A、5A、X型、LSX、Y等)。根据合成方法,所使用的沸石一般为微晶体形式的,或者甚至为纳米晶体形式的。其他吸附剂,比如活性炭,可被压碎以得到约1微米的微粒。
接触器可以是相同的,或者另一方面,可用本发明来个性化至少一个接触器,并使其适合于该级别的吸附器的操作条件。有关于此的改进,可能是另外一种吸附剂、对于吸附剂层的厚度、流动横截面等的改进。
根据本发明的装置可以用于多种方法,比如TSA、PTSA等。其还可以用来对气体流、尤其是对来自大气的气体流进行干燥、除碳或拦截二次杂质。二次杂质是指微量的碳氢化合物、NOx、SOx等。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于吸附流体的TSA或PTSA类型的吸附器,包括具有至少两个平行通路接触器的塔柱,该至少两个平行通路接触器沿要被吸附的流体的流向串连布置,其特征在于,每个接触器都包括内部隔热装置,每个平行通路接触器都具有通道,所述通道从平行通路接触器的外周开始在20cm的向心径向距离上至少部分地被阻塞。
2.根据权利要求1所述的吸附器,其特征在于,部分地被阻塞的通道在其至少一部分长度上被液体或糊状物填充。
3.根据权利要求1所述的吸附器,其特征在于,部分地被阻塞的通道的至少一端被所设置或固定的固体元件阻塞。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的吸附器,其特征在于,所述吸附器包括密封元件,该密封元件固定在平行通路接触器的外表面上,面对塔柱的内筒。
5.根据权利要求4所述的吸附器,其特征在于,所述密封元件选自毛刷、衬垫、焊缝或焊接件、粘胶或粘结件。
6.根据权利要求5所述的吸附器,其特征在于,所述密封元件的尺寸设置为使得在吸附器再生期间减少塔柱的筒体与平行通路接触器的外周之间的任何差异性膨胀。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的吸附器用于对气体流进行干燥、除碳或拦截二次杂质的用途。
8.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的吸附器用于捕获气体流中含有的NOx、SOx或微量的碳氢化合物的用途。
9.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的吸附器用于TSA或PTSA循环中的用途。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1153756A FR2974735B1 (fr) | 2011-05-03 | 2011-05-03 | Adsorbeur comprenant des contacteurs a passages paralleles avec isolation integree |
FR1153756 | 2011-05-03 | ||
PCT/FR2012/050859 WO2012172219A1 (fr) | 2011-05-03 | 2012-04-20 | Adsorbeur comprenant des contacteurs à passages parallèles avec isolation intégrée |
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CN103517750A CN103517750A (zh) | 2014-01-15 |
CN103517750B true CN103517750B (zh) | 2016-12-14 |
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CN201280021469.2A Expired - Fee Related CN103517750B (zh) | 2011-05-03 | 2012-04-20 | 包括具有集成的隔热装置的平行通路接触器的吸附器 |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US9339754B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2704815A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103517750B (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2974735B1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2012172219A1 (zh) |
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BE1023302B1 (nl) | 2015-07-23 | 2017-01-26 | Atlas Copco Airpower Naamloze Vennootschap | Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een adsorptiemiddel voor het behandelen van samengeperst gas, adsorptiemiddel verkregen met zulke werkwijze en adsorptie-inrichting voorzien van zulk adsorptiemiddel |
DK3344367T3 (da) * | 2015-08-31 | 2020-12-07 | Atlas Copco Airpower Nv | Adsorptionsindretning til komprimeret gas |
EP3736034A1 (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-11 | Linde GmbH | Pressure vessel for with internal insulation |
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CN1298471A (zh) * | 1998-03-30 | 2001-06-06 | 发射技术有限公司 | 尤其用于碳氢化合物收集器的带吸附材料的蜂窝体 |
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JPS5954682A (ja) * | 1982-09-20 | 1984-03-29 | 日本碍子株式会社 | セラミツクハニカム構造体の開口端面封止方法 |
JPS60131620U (ja) | 1984-02-14 | 1985-09-03 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 触媒コンバ−タ |
DE8812817U1 (zh) * | 1988-10-10 | 1988-12-29 | Hwt Gesellschaft Fuer Hydrid- Und Wasserstofftechnik Mbh, 4330 Muelheim, De | |
US5260035A (en) * | 1992-08-05 | 1993-11-09 | Corning Incorporated | Apparatus and method for modifying gaseous mixtures |
DE69629979T2 (de) * | 1995-06-02 | 2004-07-29 | Corning Inc. | Vorrichtung zur Entfernung von Kontaminationen aus Fluidströmen |
FR2757427B1 (fr) * | 1996-12-24 | 1999-02-05 | Air Liquide | Reacteur isole thermiquement |
ATE291154T1 (de) | 1999-12-09 | 2005-04-15 | Eminox Ltd | Vorrichtung zur behandlung von gasstrom |
EP1491248B1 (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2008-10-15 | Ibiden Co., Ltd. | Ceramic filter and exhaust gas decontamination unit |
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-
2011
- 2011-05-03 FR FR1153756A patent/FR2974735B1/fr active Active
-
2012
- 2012-04-20 EP EP12722442.6A patent/EP2704815A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-04-20 CN CN201280021469.2A patent/CN103517750B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-04-20 US US14/114,806 patent/US9339754B2/en active Active
- 2012-04-20 WO PCT/FR2012/050859 patent/WO2012172219A1/fr active Application Filing
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US2995208A (en) * | 1958-08-15 | 1961-08-08 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Adsorption process and apparatus |
CN1298471A (zh) * | 1998-03-30 | 2001-06-06 | 发射技术有限公司 | 尤其用于碳氢化合物收集器的带吸附材料的蜂窝体 |
CN101801499A (zh) * | 2007-08-09 | 2010-08-11 | 康明斯滤清系统股份有限公司 | 通过选择性堵塞来调整微粒过滤器性能以及使用多个微粒过滤器来减少排放并提高耐热性 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2974735A1 (fr) | 2012-11-09 |
EP2704815A1 (fr) | 2014-03-12 |
CN103517750A (zh) | 2014-01-15 |
WO2012172219A1 (fr) | 2012-12-20 |
US20140083293A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
US9339754B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 |
WO2012172219A8 (fr) | 2013-01-24 |
FR2974735B1 (fr) | 2015-11-20 |
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