CN103509934A - Method for producing austenitic stainless steel by using nickel and chromium ores - Google Patents
Method for producing austenitic stainless steel by using nickel and chromium ores Download PDFInfo
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- CN103509934A CN103509934A CN201210336287.6A CN201210336287A CN103509934A CN 103509934 A CN103509934 A CN 103509934A CN 201210336287 A CN201210336287 A CN 201210336287A CN 103509934 A CN103509934 A CN 103509934A
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- nickel
- stainless steel
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 437
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 218
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 wherein in step (a) Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/004—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in a continuous way by reduction from ores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/006—Starting from ores containing non ferrous metallic oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
- C21B13/023—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces wherein iron or steel is obtained in a molten state
- C21B13/026—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces wherein iron or steel is obtained in a molten state heated electrically
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/08—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in rotary furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/005—Manufacture of stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/005—Preliminary treatment of ores, e.g. by roasting or by the Krupp-Renn process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
- C22B23/023—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes with formation of ferro-nickel or ferro-cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/30—Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C22B34/32—Obtaining chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
Abstract
A method for producing austenitic stainless steel by using nickel and chromium ores comprises the steps of crushing, screening and mixing nickel ores, then sending the nickel ores to a rotary kiln for roasting to remove free water and crystal water in the nickel ores, carrying out pre-reduction, and smelting by a submerged arc furnace to obtain rough molten nickel iron; (b) sintering the chromium ore into reduction sintering chromium ore by a heating furnace, and smelting by an ore furnace to obtain ferrochrome water; (c) putting the rough molten nickel iron and the ferrochrome water into a converter in a hot conveying mode, and smelting into stainless steel liquid; (d) and (3) manufacturing the stainless steel liquid into a billet by a continuous casting machine. The invention utilizes the rotary kiln to roast and then prepares the rough molten nickel iron through the submerged arc furnace, and simultaneously, the rough molten nickel iron is directly put into the converter in a hot feeding way together with the ferrochrome water to smelt into the stainless steel liquid, thereby reducing the smelting cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of steel-making, particularly relate to a kind of method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel.
Background technology
In the steel-making processing procedure of traditional austenite stainless steel, take steel scrap and alloy iron as main raw material, after electrosmelting becomes molten iron, drop into again converter smelting, and depending on produced steel grade (be or 300 be stainless steel as 200), add to scale nickel, Chrome metal powder to converter, finally make austenite stainless steel.Therefore nickelalloy belongs to high precious metal, accounts for stainless cost up to 40% to 50%, if the fluctuation of nickel valency is large, the as easy as rolling off a log profit that affects stainless steel plant, even has the possibility of the loss of causing.
Therefore there is proposition directly with nickel ores, chrome ore is that raw material drops into mineral hot furnace or blast furnace, directly smelt the processing procedure of mother liquor of stainless steel, as No. 101,701,312 A, No. 102,212,691 A, Chinese patent CN or CN, to save stainless production cost, but do not have through pre-treatment in the ore of above-mentioned processing procedure, there are a large amount of free water or crystal water, cause the process of melting need increase power consumption to remove moisture, and it is wayward to exist Gold in Ores to belong to the component proportions of nickel, the shortcomings such as impurity too much and the rate of recovery is not good, with nickel minerals, often have in addition in cobalt ore is entrained in, if directly to drop into the mode of ore, to make rare metal also can exist in molten steel and cannot extract recovery with smelting, so still not mature enough in actual production application, perfect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel that improves processing procedure stability.
The method that the present invention utilizes nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel, comprises following steps:
(a) nickel minerals carried out to fragmentation, sieve, deliver to a rotary kiln baking to remove free water and the crystal water in nickel minerals after batch mixing, in roasting process, coordinating reductive agent together to drop into carry out prereduction becomes nickel slag, and the nickel slag after roasting obtains raw nickel matte molten iron by a mineral hot furnace melting again.
(b) through a process furnace, sinter chrome ore into reduction sintering chrome ore, reduction sintering chrome ore and coke grain are sent into a mineral hot furnace melting again and are obtained chromium hot melt.
(c) mode of described raw nickel matte molten iron, chromium hot melt being sent with heat drops into converter, smelts into molten stainless steel.
(d) molten stainless steel is made to steel billet with continuous caster.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems also can be applied to the following technical measures to achieve further.
Preferably, the aforesaid method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel, wherein in step (a), the maturing temperature of this rotary kiln is 800 ℃ to 950 ℃, and in mineral hot furnace approximately 1400 ℃ to 1500 ℃ of the tapping temperatures of this raw nickel matte molten iron, in addition, in step (b), this chrome ore also mixes chrome ore before sintering with coke powder, through ball press, make pelletizing, and remove moisture with dryer, just send into process furnace sintering, and the granularity of reduction sintering chrome ore of sending into mineral hot furnace is for being less than 30mm.
Preferably, the aforesaid method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel, wherein in step (a), nickel minerals carries out fragmentation, sieves, be first to send a dry kiln to before batch mixing, to remove the free water in nickel minerals.
Moreover another object of the present invention, is to provide a kind of method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel that improves rare metal recovery rate.
The method that the present invention utilizes nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel, comprises following steps:
(a) nickel minerals carried out to fragmentation, add water and size mixing, and after being uniformly mixed under hyperbaric environment with sulphuric acid soln, filter out the mineral finished fluid that contains nickel, cobalt, this is nickeliferous, the mineral finished fluid of cobalt draws electrolytic nickel and cobalt metal with electrolysis mode again.
(b) through a process furnace, sinter chrome ore into reduction sintering chrome ore, reduction sintering chrome ore obtains chromium hot melt through a mineral hot furnace melting again.
(c) by described electrolytic nickel with Belt Conveying to converter feed bin, and the mode that coordinates chromium hot melt to send with heat, drops into converter, smelts into molten stainless steel.
(d) molten stainless steel is made to steel billet with continuous caster.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems also can be applied to the following technical measures to achieve further.
Preferably, the aforesaid method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel, wherein in step (a), the solid-to-liquid ratio that this nickel minerals mixes with sulphuric acid soln is 1:4, and mix and blend in the environment of 250 ℃ to 300 ℃ of pressure 4 to 5MPa, temperature, in addition, in step (b), this chrome ore also mixes chrome ore before sintering with coke powder, through ball press, make pelletizing, and remove moisture with dryer, just send into process furnace sintering, and the granularity of reduction sintering chrome ore of sending into mineral hot furnace is for being less than 30mm.
Moreover another object of the present invention, is to provide a kind of method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel that improves nickel minerals rate of utilization.
The present invention utilizes nickel minerals to produce the method for austenite stainless steel, comprises following steps:
(a) the former mineral aggregate of nickel is distinguished into a low grade nickel ore through ore dressing, and a higher-grade nickel minerals, wherein the nickel content in low grade nickel ore is less than 1.5wt%, and nickel content in higher-grade nickel minerals is not less than 1.5wt%.
(b) low grade nickel ore carried out to fragmentation, add water and size mixing, and after mixing with sulphuric acid soln and filter out the mineral finished fluid that contains nickel, cobalt, this is nickeliferous, the mineral finished fluid of cobalt draws electrolytic nickel and cobalt metal with electrolysis mode again.
(c) higher-grade nickel minerals carried out to fragmentation, sieve, deliver to a rotary kiln baking to remove free water and the crystal water in higher-grade nickel minerals after batch mixing, in roasting process, coordinating reductive agent together to drop into carry out prereduction becomes nickel slag, and the nickel slag after roasting obtains raw nickel matte molten iron by a mineral hot furnace melting again.
(d) through a process furnace, sinter chrome ore into reduction sintering chrome ore, reduction sintering chrome ore and coke grain are sent into a mineral hot furnace melting again and are obtained chromium hot melt.
(e) by described electrolytic nickel with Belt Conveying to converter batch bin, and the mode that coordinates raw nickel matte molten iron, chromium hot melt to send with heat, drops into converter, smelts into molten stainless steel.
(f) molten stainless steel is made to steel billet with continuous caster.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems also can be applied to the following technical measures to achieve further.
Preferably, the aforesaid method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel, wherein, in step (b), the solid-to-liquid ratio that this low grade nickel ore mixes with sulphuric acid soln is 1:4, and in the environment of 250 ℃ to 300 ℃ of pressure 4-5MPa, temperature mix and blend.
Preferably, the aforesaid method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel, wherein in step (c), the maturing temperature of this rotary kiln is 800 ℃ to 950 ℃, and in mineral hot furnace approximately 1400 ℃ to 1500 ℃ of the tapping temperatures of this raw nickel matte molten iron, in addition, in step (d), this chrome ore also mixes chrome ore before sintering with coke powder, through ball press, make pelletizing, and remove moisture with dryer, just send into process furnace sintering, and the granularity of reduction sintering chrome ore of sending into mineral hot furnace is for being less than 30mm.
Preferably, the aforesaid method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel, wherein in step (c), higher-grade nickel minerals carries out fragmentation, sieves, be first to send a dry kiln to before batch mixing, to remove the free water in higher-grade nickel minerals.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: utilize rotary kiln baking prereduction through mineral hot furnace melting, to make raw nickel matte molten iron again and drop into converter again, and utilize high pressure acidleach again electrolysis obtain the mode of metallic nickel, obtain the electrolytic nickel that purity is higher and drop into again converter, coordinate the mode that chromium hot melt send with heat directly to drop into converter simultaneously, smelt into molten stainless steel, in the control of alloying constituent, easily, also can effectively reduce smelting cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a schema, illustrates that the present invention utilizes nickel, chrome ore to produce the first preferred embodiment of the method for austenite stainless steel;
Fig. 2 is a schema, illustrates that the present invention utilizes nickel, chrome ore to produce the second preferred embodiment of the method for austenite stainless steel;
Fig. 3 is a schema, illustrates that the present invention utilizes nickel, chrome ore to produce the 3rd preferred embodiment of the method for austenite stainless steel.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
Before the present invention is described in detail, be noted that wt% is weight percentage in the following description content.
Consult Fig. 1, for the present invention utilizes nickel, chrome ore, produce the first preferred embodiment of the method for austenite stainless steel, comprise:
Because converter steelmaking becomes the processing procedure of steel billet with continuous caster continuous casting, by person of ordinary skill in the field be can easily understand that, at this, no longer add to describe in detail.Can drop into according to the composition in stainless steel in the present embodiment the raw nickel matte molten iron, chromium hot melt of different ratios and make the stainless steel grade of different series, in the stainless steel chemical component that as SUS 202 is, nickel is that 4-6wt%, chromium are 17-19wt%, and in the stainless steel chemical component that SUS 304 is, nickel is that 8-10.5wt%, chromium are 17.5-19.5wt%.
The chromium content 50wt% that the nickel content of take in the raw nickel matte molten iron obtaining after melting is 8wt%, chromium hot melt is example, in the total amount of the nickel dropping into, chromium hot melt, raw nickel matte molten iron accounts for 65wt%, chromium hot melt accounts for 35wt%, can prepare and meet stainless steel that SUS 202 is in the content demand of chromium, nickel.And take nickel content is 15wt%, chromium hot melt in the raw nickel matte molten iron obtaining after melting chromium content as 40wt% be example, in the total amount of the nickel dropping into, chromium hot melt, raw nickel matte molten iron accounts for 55wt%, chromium hot melt accounts for 45wt%, can prepare and meet stainless steel that SUS 304 is in the content demand of chromium, nickel.
According to above-mentioned processing procedure, utilize rotary kiln that nickel minerals prereduction is processed, with free water and the crystal water of removing in nickel minerals, become nickel slag, and utilize process furnace, first to chrome ore, prereduction is treated as reduction sintering chrome ore, again nickel slag and reduction sintering chrome ore are used respectively after mineral hot furnace melting, form respectively raw nickel matte molten iron and chromium hot melt, in the ratio of metal ingredient, easily control, can grasp required input proportioning, and raw nickel matte molten iron and chromium hot melt direct heat are delivered to converter to produce austenite stainless steel, compare conventional process and reduce the number of times that repeats melting, relatively reduce fuel and power consumption, in cost control, there is advantage, can increase earning capacity, improve the market competitiveness.
Consult Fig. 2, for the present invention utilizes nickel, chrome ore, produce the second preferred embodiment of the method for austenite stainless steel, comprise:
Step 31, nickel minerals is carried out to fragmentation, adds water and size mixing, and be uniformly mixed under hyperbaric environment with sulphuric acid soln, the solid-to-liquid ratio that wherein this nickel minerals mixes with sulphuric acid soln is 1:4, and in the environment of 250 ℃ to 300 ℃ of pressure 4-5MPa, temperature mix and blend, then filter out the mineral finished fluid that contains nickel, cobalt, this is nickeliferous, the mineral finished fluid of cobalt show that with electrolysis mode nickel content is greater than the electrolytic nickel of 99wt% again, and cobalt metal.In the present embodiment, the rate of recovery of metallic nickel and cobalt metal can reach more than 90%.
Step 32, by chrome ore (Cr<sub TranNum="117">2</sub>o<sub TranNum="118">3</sub>content is less than 62wt%) and the mixing of coke powder, through ball press, chrome ore is made to pelletizing, and remove moisture with dryer, send into afterwards a process furnace sintering, through process furnace, at 1350 to 1450 ℃ of temperature, sinter reduction sintering chrome ore into, reduction sintering chrome ore and coke grain are sent into a mineral hot furnace melting again, and send into the granularity of reduction sintering chrome ore of mineral hot furnace for being less than 30mm, and control at 1600 ℃ to 1700 ℃ of the tapping temperatures of slag and obtain chromium hot melt, the chemical composition of the chromium hot melt of output is Cr<60wt%, C<9wt%, Si<5wt%, P<0.03wt%.
Step 33, by described electrolytic nickel through belt conveyor to converter feed bin, and the mode that coordinates chromium hot melt to send with heat, drops into converter, smelts into molten stainless steel.
Step 34, makes steel billet by molten stainless steel with continuous caster.
Because converter steelmaking becomes the processing procedure of steel billet with continuous caster continuous casting, by person of ordinary skill in the field be can easily understand that, at this, no longer add to describe in detail.Can drop into according to the composition in stainless steel in the present embodiment the electrolytic nickel, chromium hot melt of different ratios and make the stainless steel grade of different series, in the stainless steel chemical component that as SUS 202 is, nickel is that 4-6wt%, chromium are 17-19wt%, and in the stainless steel chemical component that SUS 304 is, nickel is that 8-10.5wt%, chromium are 17.5-19.5wt%.
The chromium content that the nickel content of electrolytic nickel of take is 99wt%, chromium hot melt as 24wt% and useless carbon steel be example, in the total amount of the electrolytic nickel, chromium hot melt and the useless carbon steel that drop into, electrolytic nickel accounts for 5wt%, chromium hot melt accounts for 75wt% and useless carbon steel accounts for 20wt%, can prepare the content demand that meets chromium, nickel in the stainless steel that SUS 202 is.In the total amount of the electrolytic nickel, chromium hot melt and the useless carbon steel that drop into, electrolytic nickel accounts for 9wt%, chromium hot melt accounts for 76wt% and useless carbon steel accounts for 15wt%, can prepare and meet stainless steel that SUS 304 is in the content demand of chromium, nickel.
In the second preferred embodiment, can drop into according to the composition in stainless steel electrolytic nickel, chromium hot melt and the useless carbon steel of different ratios equally, except having identical effect with the first preferred embodiment, when drawing electrolytic nickel with electrolysis mode, can obtain cobalt metal simultaneously, and can therefore reclaim the cobalt metal of high value, increase the added economic value of overall process, relatively more can save cost.
Consult Fig. 3, for the present invention utilizes nickel, chrome ore, produce the 3rd preferred embodiment of the method for austenite stainless steel, comprise:
Because converter steelmaking becomes the processing procedure of steel billet with continuous casting, by person of ordinary skill in the field be can easily understand that, at this, no longer add to describe in detail.Can drop into according to the composition in stainless steel in the present embodiment the raw nickel matte molten iron of different ratios or electrolytic nickel, chromium hot melt and make the stainless steel grade of different series, in the stainless steel chemical component that as SUS 202 is, nickel is that 4-6wt%, chromium are 17-19wt%, and in the stainless steel chemical component that SUS 304 is, nickel is that 8-10.5wt%, chromium are 17.5-19.5wt%.
The chromium content that the nickel content of take in the raw nickel matte molten iron obtaining after melting is 8wt%, chromium hot melt as 50wt% be example, in the total amount of the raw nickel matte molten iron dropping into and chromium hot melt, raw nickel matte molten iron accounts for 65wt%, chromium hot melt accounts for 35wt%, can prepare and meet stainless steel that SUS 202 is in the content demand of chromium, nickel.The chromium content that the nickel content that the nickel content of electrolytic nickel of take is 99wt%, raw nickel matte molten iron is 10wt%, chromium hot melt as 50wt% be example, in the total amount of the electrolytic nickel, raw nickel matte molten iron and the chromium hot melt that drop into, electrolytic nickel accounts for 2wt%, raw nickel matte molten iron accounts for 62wt% and chromium hot melt accounts for 36wt%, can prepare and meet stainless steel that SUS 304 is in the content demand of chromium, nickel.
In the 3rd preferred embodiment, in conjunction with the first preferred embodiment and the second preferred embodiment, first the former mineral aggregate of nickel is done to effectively classification, use, select respectively low grade nickel ore and higher-grade nickel minerals, at low grade nickel ore, be to adopt the mode of wet type refining to obtain electrolytic nickel, at higher-grade nickel minerals, adopt rotary kiln baking with mineral hot furnace melting, to obtain raw nickel matte molten iron again, composition depending on the former mineral aggregate of nickel can be done the allotment of optimizing, production elasticity is large, do not need to be limited to the quality of mineral aggregate, on procedure for producing, there are better elasticity and configuration, also can reclaim the cobalt metal of high economic worth simultaneously, increase cost advantage and enhance competitiveness.
In sum, the present invention utilizes nickel, chrome ore is produced the method for austenite stainless steel, at low grade nickel ore, adopt wet type refining mode, difference output cobalt metal and highly purified electrolytic nickel, the cobalt metal reclaiming can be sold increase economic worth outward, electrolytic nickel directly drops into converter smelting with Belt Conveying, and higher-grade nickel minerals utilizes rotary kiln prereduction to process, remove free water and crystal water and become nickel slag, and chrome ore utilizes process furnace prereduction to be processed into reduction sintering chrome ore equally, again the nickel slag after roasting and reduction sintering chrome ore are dropped into respectively after mineral hot furnace melting afterwards, difference output raw nickel matte molten iron and chromium hot melt, direct heat is sent into converter and is produced austenite stainless steel again, on producing, there is preferably combined elastic, and reduce the consumption of the energy, in cost control, there is best advantage, improve market competitiveness.
Claims (9)
1. a method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel, is characterized in that: this method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel comprises following steps:
(a) nickel minerals carried out to fragmentation, sieve, deliver to a rotary kiln baking to remove free water and the crystal water in nickel minerals after batch mixing, in roasting process, coordinating reductive agent together to drop into carry out prereduction becomes nickel slag, and the nickel slag after roasting obtains raw nickel matte molten iron by a mineral hot furnace melting again;
(b) through a process furnace, sinter chrome ore into reduction sintering chrome ore, reduction sintering chrome ore and coke grain are sent into a mineral hot furnace melting again and are obtained chromium hot melt;
(c) mode of described raw nickel matte molten iron, chromium hot melt being sent with heat drops into converter, smelts into molten stainless steel; And
(d) molten stainless steel is made to steel billet with continuous caster.
2. the method for utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (a), the maturing temperature of this rotary kiln is 800 ℃ to 950 ℃, and in mineral hot furnace approximately 1400 ℃ to 1500 ℃ of the tapping temperatures of this raw nickel matte molten iron; In step (b), this chrome ore also mixes chrome ore before sintering with coke powder, through ball press, make pelletizing, and removes moisture with dryer, just sends into process furnace sintering, and the granularity of reduction sintering chrome ore of sending into mineral hot furnace is for being less than 30mm.
3. the method for utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (a), nickel minerals carries out fragmentation, sieves, be first to send a dry kiln to before batch mixing, to remove the free water in nickel minerals.
4. a method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel, is characterized in that: this method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel comprises following steps:
(a) nickel minerals carried out to fragmentation, add water and size mixing, and after being uniformly mixed under hyperbaric environment with sulphuric acid soln, filter out the mineral finished fluid that contains nickel, cobalt, this is nickeliferous, the mineral finished fluid of cobalt draws electrolytic nickel and cobalt metal with electrolysis mode again;
(b) through a process furnace, sinter chrome ore into reduction sintering chrome ore, reduction sintering chrome ore obtains chromium hot melt through a mineral hot furnace melting again;
(c) by described electrolytic nickel with Belt Conveying to converter feed bin, and the mode that coordinates chromium hot melt to send with heat, drops into converter, smelts into molten stainless steel; And
(d) molten stainless steel is made to steel billet with continuous caster.
5. the method for utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: in step (a), the solid-to-liquid ratio that this nickel minerals mixes with sulphuric acid soln is 1:4, and in the environment of 250 ℃ to 300 ℃ of pressure 4 to 5MPa, temperature mix and blend; In step (b), this chrome ore also mixes chrome ore before sintering with coke powder, through ball press, make pelletizing, and removes moisture with dryer, just sends into process furnace sintering, and the granularity of reduction sintering chrome ore of sending into mineral hot furnace is for being less than 30mm.
6. a method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel, is characterized in that: this method of utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel comprises following steps:
(a) the former mineral aggregate of nickel is distinguished into a low grade nickel ore through ore dressing, and a higher-grade nickel minerals, wherein the nickel content in low grade nickel ore is less than 1.5wt%, and nickel content in higher-grade nickel minerals is not less than 1.5wt%;
(b) low grade nickel ore carried out to fragmentation, add water and size mixing, and after mixing with sulphuric acid soln and filter out the mineral finished fluid that contains nickel, cobalt, this is nickeliferous, the mineral finished fluid of cobalt draws electrolytic nickel and cobalt metal with electrolysis mode again;
(c) higher-grade nickel minerals carried out to fragmentation, sieve, deliver to a rotary kiln baking to remove free water and the crystal water in higher-grade nickel minerals after batch mixing, in roasting process, coordinating reductive agent together to drop into carry out prereduction becomes nickel slag, and the nickel slag after roasting obtains raw nickel matte molten iron by a mineral hot furnace melting again;
(d) through a process furnace, sinter chrome ore into reduction sintering chrome ore, reduction sintering chrome ore and coke grain are sent into a mineral hot furnace melting again and are obtained chromium hot melt;
(e) by described electrolytic nickel with Belt Conveying to converter feed bin, and the mode that coordinates raw nickel matte molten iron, chromium hot melt to send with heat drops into converter, smelts into molten stainless steel; And
(f) molten stainless steel is made to steel billet with continuous caster.
7. the method for utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: in step (b), the solid-to-liquid ratio that this low grade nickel ore mixes with sulphuric acid soln is 1:4, and in the environment of 250 ℃ to 300 ℃ of pressure 4-5MPa, temperature mix and blend.
8. the method for utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: in step (c), the maturing temperature of this rotary kiln is 800 ℃ to 950 ℃, and in mineral hot furnace approximately 1400 ℃ to 1500 ℃ of the tapping temperatures of this raw nickel matte molten iron; In step (d), this chrome ore also mixes chrome ore before sintering with coke powder, through ball press, make pelletizing, and removes moisture with dryer, just sends into process furnace sintering, and the granularity of reduction sintering chrome ore of sending into mineral hot furnace is for being less than 30mm.
9. the method for utilizing nickel, chrome ore to produce austenite stainless steel according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: in step (c), higher-grade nickel minerals carries out fragmentation, sieves, be first to send a dry kiln to before batch mixing, to remove the free water in higher-grade nickel minerals.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| TW101123242 | 2012-06-28 | ||
| TW101123242A TW201400624A (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2012-06-28 | Method for producing austenitic stainless steel with nickel and chromium ore |
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| CN103509934B CN103509934B (en) | 2016-04-27 |
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| US (1) | US20140000834A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2679691B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5778215B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103509934B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2013206521B2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2728922T3 (en) |
| PH (1) | PH12013000179A1 (en) |
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| CN106574331A (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2017-04-19 | Fl史密斯公司 | System and methods for optimizing the efficiency of smelting copper concentrates |
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| CN106893946A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-06-27 | 广东广青金属科技有限公司 | Using the low-carbon (LC) austenitic stainless steel including molybdenum and its production technology of smelting laterite-nickel ores |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2013206521B2 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
| TWI464277B (en) | 2014-12-11 |
| JP5778215B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
| EP2679691B1 (en) | 2019-04-17 |
| SI2679691T1 (en) | 2019-07-31 |
| PH12013000179B1 (en) | 2015-12-02 |
| US20140000834A1 (en) | 2014-01-02 |
| CN103509934B (en) | 2016-04-27 |
| PH12013000179A1 (en) | 2015-12-02 |
| TW201400624A (en) | 2014-01-01 |
| ES2728922T3 (en) | 2019-10-29 |
| JP2014009403A (en) | 2014-01-20 |
| AU2013206521A1 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
| EP2679691A1 (en) | 2014-01-01 |
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