CN102212691A - Method for producing chromium-nickel-iron alloy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing chromium-nickel-iron alloy, in particular a method for implementing smelting of chromium ore and nickel ore in one step by adopting an ore heating furnace melt-melt reducing process. The smelting temperature is 1,920 to 1,980K. The elements in the two ores are melted at a high temperature to promote the reduction rate. The starting temperature of generating Cr3C2 by carbon reduction of chromium oxide is 1,373K; the reaction starting temperature of generating Cr7C3 is 1,403K; the starting temperature of generating Cr23C6 is 1,448K; and the starting temperature of generating chromium by reduction is 1,523K. The iron element reduction mechanism is known, the starting temperature of iron oxide reduction reaction is lower than that of Cr2O3 reduction reaction, and the chromium and the iron are mutually melted, so the reduction reaction is performed more easily, and meanwhile, the chromium in the nickel ore is reduced into chromium iron. By the method, the process flow is simplified, and the silicon component in the nickel ore is reasonably used as a chromium iron solvent. Addition of silica required by single chromium reduction is saved. Mineral resources and a large amount of energy are saved, and the pollution is reduced.

Description

A kind of production method of Inconel(nickel alloys)

Technical field

What the present invention announced is the production method of Inconel(nickel alloys), specifically is chrome ore and nickel ores are adopted the molten molten reducing process of the hot stove in ore deposit, and a step is finished the production method of smelting.

Background technology

Inconel(nickel alloys) is a main raw material of producing stainless steel, high temperature steel, tool steel.Because of of many uses, market demand is big especially.The method of existing Inconel(nickel alloys) production is, chrome ore is produced the ferrochrome material through smelting, and again nickel ores produced the ferronickel material through smelting, and then with both mixed smeltings, makes the Inconel(nickel alloys) material.When smelting the ferrochrome material, also will add the silica of a certain amount of solvent, and the nickel ores silicon content is very high, must a large amount of silicon be separated, and can not rationally be utilized when smelting ferronickel.So will expend a large amount of ore resources, repeat to smelt and wasted a large amount of energy, increase the discharging of waste gas waste water in the multiple working procedure that thereupon causes again.

Summary of the invention

At the prior art situation, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of saving energy and Mineral resources, reduce the method for the single stage method production Inconel(nickel alloys) of discharging, to solve the problems that prior art is brought.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

The present invention adopts single stage method directly to smelt the Inconel(nickel alloys) material.The raw material that adopts is nickel ores, chrome ore, blue charcoal.

Proportioning raw materials

Ingredient requirement

The nickel oxide content of nickel ores wants 〉=1.8%, silicon＜30%, iron＜15%, sulphur＜0.05%, phosphorus＜0.07%

Chromium sesquioxide content≤40% of chrome ore, ore grain size are 10～100mm, content of powder≤10%, sulphur＜0.05%, phosphorus＜0.07%.

Fixed carbon content 〉=84% of blue charcoal, ash content＜15%.Sulphur＜0.6%, granularity are grain 5～20mm.

The present invention smelts and adopts the hot stove in ore deposit, adopts the continous way working method, after raw material is prepared in advance in proportion, through feeding port blank is dispersed evenly to electrode around.Along with the charge level timely supplementary material that sinks, and keep certain charge level height during smelting, smelting temperature is 1920-1980K.

Inconel(nickel alloys) smelting technology and principle:

The present invention adopts the molten molten reducing process single stage method of the hot stove in ore deposit to smelt.To smelt in chrome ore, nickel ores, the hot stove in blue charcoal adding ore deposit.Under reduction mechanism, by carbon reduction, and iron oxide reduction reaction beginning temperature is 1184K during the about 843K of nickel.When liquid state, two kinds of molten mutually reduction rates that promote of element, ferronickel that restores and chromium are formed ferrochrome binary carbide, thereby improve the reductive condition of chromic oxide greatly.Carbon reduction chromic oxide generates Cr ₃C ₂The beginning temperature be 1373K; Generate Cr ₇C ₃Reaction to begin temperature be 1403K; And generation Cr ₂₃C ₆The beginning temperature be 1448K; The beginning temperature that reduction generates chromium is 1523K.By ferro element reductive mechanism as can be known, (T opens=1184K) compares Cr to iron oxide reduction reaction beginning temperature ₂O ₃It is low that reduction reaction begins temperature, therefore because chromium dissolves mutually with iron, makes that reduction reaction is easier carries out, and the chromium in the while nickel minerals also is reduced into ferrochrome.This method has been simplified technical process, directly refines into Inconel(nickel alloys) by ore.Rationally utilize silicon composition in the nickel minerals as the ferrochrome solvent.Saved the interpolation of the needed silica of reduction chromium.Both save Mineral resources and a large amount of energy, reduced pollution again.

The present invention does not have accompanying drawing

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Chemical Composition in the chrome ore: Cr ₂O ₃=40% FeO=15%; Chemical Composition in the nickel minerals: NiO=1.8% FeO=15%; The Inconel(nickel alloys) Chemical Composition: C ≈ 8 Si ≈ 3 all the other elements are Cr, Ni, Fe.Cr in the chrome ore ₂O ₃95% is reduced and enters alloy, and FeO98% is reduced and enters alloy, and NiO98% is reduced and enters alloy in the nickel minerals, and FeO98% is reduced and enters alloy, and all the other go into slag.By weight nickel minerals: chrome ore: blue charcoal=7: 3: 1.5 batchings.Get the 10000Kg mixture, wherein nickel ores is that 6090Kg, chrome ore are that 2610Kg, blue charcoal are 1300Kg, drop in the smelting furnace of 3200KVA ore deposit that Control for Kiln Temperature is between 1920～1980K.Be 4 hours tap to tap time.The iron, nickel, the chromium content that restore and enter alloy are respectively:

The chromium and the iron that restore and enter alloy from the 2610Kg chrome ore are:

Cr ₂O ₃+3C＝2Cr+3CO

2610×40％×95％×104/152＝678.60Kg

FeO+C＝Fe+CO

2610×15％×98％×56/72＝298.41Kg

The nickel and the iron that restore and enter alloy from the 6090Kg nickel ores are:

NiO+C＝Ni+CO

6090×1.8％×98％×58.69/74.69＝84.41Kg

FeO+C＝Fe+CO

6090×15％×98％×56/72＝696.29Kg

Chromium, nickel, iron account for the per-cent of total alloy amount and are in the alloy:

$\frac{100-8-3}{100}=0.89$

Output alloy total amount is:

$\frac{678.60+298.41+84.41+696.29}{0.89}=1794.96\mathrm{Kg}$

Embodiment 2

Get the 40000Kg mixture, wherein nickel ores is that 24360Kg, chrome ore are that 10440Kg, blue charcoal are 5200Kg, drop in the hot melting furnace of 6500KVA ore deposit that Control for Kiln Temperature is between 1920～1980K.Be 2.5 hours tap to tap time.The iron, nickel, the chromium content that restore and enter alloy are respectively:

The chromium and the iron that restore and enter alloy from the 10440Kg chrome ore are:

Cr ₂O ₃+3C＝2Cr+3CO

10440×40％×95％×104/152＝2714.4Kg

FeO+C＝Fe+CO

10440×15％×98％×56/72＝1193.64Kg

The nickel and the iron that restore and enter alloy from the 24360Kg nickel ores are:

NiO+C＝Ni+CO

24360×1.8％×98％×58.69/74.69＝337.66Kg

FeO+C＝Fe+CO

24360×15％×98％×56/72＝2785.16Kg

Chromium, nickel, iron account for the per-cent of total alloy amount and are in the alloy:

$\frac{100-8-3}{100}=0.89$

Output alloy total amount is:

$\frac{2714.4+1193.64+337.66+2785.16}{0.89}=7899.84\mathrm{Kg}$

Claims (1)

1. the production method of an Inconel(nickel alloys) is characterized in that;

Proportioning raw materials

Ingredient requirement

The nickel oxide content of nickel ores wants 〉=1.8%, silicon＜30%, and iron＜15%, sulphur＜0.05%, phosphorus＜0.07%,

Chromium sesquioxide content≤40% of chrome ore, ore grain size are 10～100mm, content of powder≤10%, and sulphur＜0.05%, phosphorus＜0.07%,

Fixed carbon content 〉=84% of blue charcoal, ash content＜15%, sulphur＜0.6%, granularity is grain 5～20mm,

Smelting temperature is 1920-1980K.