CN100545288C - The method of smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash - Google Patents
The method of smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN100545288C CN100545288C CNB2007101395200A CN200710139520A CN100545288C CN 100545288 C CN100545288 C CN 100545288C CN B2007101395200 A CNB2007101395200 A CN B2007101395200A CN 200710139520 A CN200710139520 A CN 200710139520A CN 100545288 C CN100545288 C CN 100545288C
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Abstract
A kind of method of smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash, it comprises following sequential steps: the first step: make dust separation briquetting: 1) sorting mixing, 2) extrusion molding, 3) natural air drying; Second step: make mother liquor: after melting in electric furnace with common home scrap, stainless steel slag steel, preprocessed molten iron, dust separation briquetting or chromium nickel sponge iron is mother liquor; The 3rd step: by batch reduction: the 1) raw material of making mother liquor all after the fusing, add briquetting and need with addition of coke or coke powder smelt; 2) send electricity 15～20min power failure thermometric sampling analysis at every turn, add ferrosilicon powder and lime simultaneously; 3) 1550～1600 ℃ of liquid steel temperatures in the smelting process; The 4th step: reduction eventually: the principal element in the molten metal of reduction back is eventually: C 〉=2.50%, Si 〉=0.20%, P≤0.045%, Cr 〉=5.0%, Ni 〉=1.5%.The method of this smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash can reduce the pollution to environment, can improve the recovery rate of iron of dedusting ash simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash.
Background technology
Contain Cr in the dedusting ash of stainless steel
2O
3, metal oxides such as NiO, FeO, as without harmless treatment, directly discharging not only can pollute (Cr particularly to environment
6+Ion), and wherein contained noble metal can not get recycling, and also can cause the waste of resource and the rising of production cost.Shown by detected result: 1 ton of stainless steel average generation of every smelting dedusting ash is 36.4 kilograms, and contain metal 40-60% in the dedusting ash of stainless steel, for 2,000,000 tons of stainless steel plants of an annual output, a year dedusting ash quantity discharged is about 7.28 ten thousand tons, as not reclaiming, there is 3.5 ten thousand tons metal to slattern approximately.Along with expanding economy, the stainless steel production capacity is in continuous expansion, and present dedusting ash of stainless steel is to the harm of environment, and recycling, has become a great problem that stainless steel enterprise is faced.Existing method is directly to use smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash in electric furnace, dedusting ash is not carried out pressure ball and handles, and does not also make mother liquor in earlier stage in smelting.Existing method dust in smelting is big especially, and the dedusting recovery system is difficult to its whole recovery not only can pollute surrounding enviroment, and recovery rate of iron are also low.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the aforesaid method deficiency of the method that has smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash now, the invention provides a kind of method of smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash, present method can reduce the pollution to environment, also can improve the recovery rate of iron of dedusting ash.
Technical scheme of the present invention is to carry out in electric furnace, according to Cr
2O
3NiO, metal oxides such as FeO are easily by carbon, the metallurgy principle of Si reduction, with the carbon reductive agent of deciding, utilize the electric-arc heating temperature can be up to the characteristics more than 2000 ℃, in earlier stage use common home scrap (or anvil cinder steel not at electrosmelting, preprocessed molten iron, dust separation briquetting, chromium nickel sponge iron) be fused into mother liquor, in mother liquor, add dust separation briquetting then by criticizing, simultaneously with addition of a certain amount of coke (carbon dust), utilize oxide compound in the dedusting ash to be produced the dynamic condition of CO by carbon reduction, [C] content in the process control molten metal, it is constant in the electrosmelting whole process to make CO stir power, impel dust separation briquetting fusing fast in stove, make wherein Fe, Ni, metals such as Cr are reduced out, cast the Inconel(nickel alloys) ingot, for smelting stainless steel and steel alloy provide chromium, nickelalloy.
The method of this smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash comprises following sequential steps:
The first step: make dust separation briquetting
The composition of dedusting ash of stainless steel (weight part proportioning) is as follows:
TFe：25-50 FeO：10-30 CaO：9-18 SiO
2：3-10
MgO：2-9 Al
2O
3：0.3-2 MnO：0.5-4 Cr
2O
3：10-40
NiO：2.5-6 P
2O
5：0.01-0.05 S：0.10-0.26
Have and be not more than 0.003 (0.3%) trace element.
1) mixes
The composition of two kinds of raw materials of compound (weight part proportioning) is:
Dedusting ash of stainless steel 75～85 carbon steel dedusting mud 15～25
The composition of carbon steel dedusting mud (weight part proportioning) is:
TFe：40-70 FeO：30-60 CaO：6-20 SiO
2：2-5
MgO：3-9 Al
2O
3：0.5-3.5 MnO：0.2-0.8 P
2O
5：0.1-0.3
S：0.04-0.11
Other is for being not more than 0.001 (0.1%) trace element.
Discharging after 3 minutes is generally stirred in the discharging that stirs.
The preferable weight part proportioning of two kinds of raw materials of compound is as follows:
Dedusting ash of stainless steel 80～85
Carbon steel dedusting mud 15～20
Optimum weight part proportioning of two kinds of raw materials of compound is as follows:
Dedusting ash of stainless steel 83
Carbon steel dedusting mud 17
2) extrusion molding
Compound is added briquetting press, and in the feeding compacting roller die, a compression moulding is pressed into the oval dust separation briquetting of stainless steel that physical dimension is not more than 80mm, generally is pressed into long 75mm, widely is 50mm, thick 45mm, density＞1.8g/cm
3Dust separation briquetting of stainless steel
3) natural air drying
The dust separation briquetting of stainless steel that is pressed in the open, natural air drying used after 48 hours at normal temperatures.
The composition of dust separation briquetting of stainless steel (weight part proportioning) is as follows:
TFe：28-54 FeO：14-36 CaO：8.5-18 SiO
2：2.9-9
MgO：2.2-9 Al
2O
3：0.40-2.2 MnO：0.45-3.3 Cr
2O
3：8-36
NiO：2-5.4 P
2O
5：0.01-0.09 S：0.09-0.22
Have and be not more than 0.003 (0.3%) trace element.
Second step: make mother liquor
Mother liquor is that any following raw material fusing forms:
Melting the back with common home scrap, stainless steel slag steel, preprocessed molten iron (P≤0.040%), dust separation briquetting or chromium nickel sponge iron in electric furnace is mother liquor, and the temperature of the mother liquor after the fusing is 1550 ℃～1600 ℃.
The 3rd step: by batch reduction (following each add-on is to do denominator with the electric furnace nominal capacity to represent)
1) raw material of waiting to do mother liquor is all after the fusing, reduce the power input of electric furnace, the electric gear of sending of electric furnace (transformer rated capacity progression) is transferred to low and middle-grade positions by when fusing medium-to-high grade, and (different electric furnaces send electric gear number, and promptly transformer rated capacity progression is different; Different electric furnaces are with the gear electric current, and voltage is not necessarily identical, but the branch of high, medium and low shelves is all arranged), beginning add in the mother liquor briquetting with need with addition of coke (or coke powder) smelt.Every 3～5min, look the slag feelings and add once, every batch adds dust separation briquetting 10～16Kg/t, simultaneously with addition of coke 1.0～2.0Kg/t (or coke powder 0.8～1.8Kg/t);
2) send electricity 15～20min power failure thermometric, sampling analysis, the observation working of a furnace at every turn, add ferrosilicon powder 2.0～3.0Kg/t simultaneously, lime 0.5～1.0Kg/t;
3) liquid steel temperature is controlled at 1550 ℃～1600 ℃ in the smelting process.
The 4th step: reduction eventually
Every furnace final reduction time, according to [Ni] content in electric furnace nominal capacity, molten metal and the slag, and three contents of the working of a furnace are comprehensively decided.The target (weight percent) of the principal element in the molten metal of reduction back is as follows eventually:
C≥2.50 Si≥0.20 P≤0.045 Cr≥5.0 Ni≥1.5
The weight percent of iron protoxide, chromium sesquioxide and nickel oxide in the whole reducing slag is as follows:
FeO：0-3.5 Cr
2O
3：0-6.5 NiO：0-0.15
1) it is medium-to-high grade to send electric furnace the gear of electricity to be adjusted to, and the molten metal temperature is raised to 1630～1650 ℃, adds lime 6～10Kg/t, fluorite 4～7Kg/t, ferrosilicon powder 4～6Kg/t reduces the power input of electric furnace then, and the gear that send electricity is adjusted to low and middle-grade residue adjustments by medium-to-high grade;
2) treat that the saturating back of scorification has a power failure, and will blow N
2Steel pipe inserts in the molten metal, and the degree of depth remains on apart from liquid level 200～300mm, and 25 °-35 ° of angles are blown N
2Strong mixing, and blowing N
2The time the swing nitrogen flushing steel pipe of band refractory coating, churning time 〉=5min below each electrode, total churning time 〉=15min;
3) the molten metal temperature is adjusted to 1620～1640 ℃, after the slagging molten metal is gone out in jar.
4) molten metal in the electric furnace is lifted stove after all going out only, and good slag ladle is slagged tap.
The cast of the 5th step
According to the alloy pig substance being required design ingot mould size, annotate in the employing or the mode of making a bet all can.
Carry out simple declaration to above-mentioned with mother liquor making method in the smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash method below.
One, with making mother liquor after common home scrap (or the stainless steel slag steel) fusing
1) the lime 10～17Kg/t in upper berth at the bottom of electric furnace of elder generation repaves coke 35～50Kg/t and (or sneaks into coke powder 30～45Kg/t);
2) the materials basket adds the common home scrap of 260～360Kg/t (or stainless steel slag steel) in electric furnace;
3) the electric gear of sending of electric furnace is chosen medium-to-high grade position melting batch, melting common home scrap mean time is 42～48min (melting stainless steel slag steel average 48～58min);
4) returns all melt, and bitsization are saturating; Molten metal is warming up to 1580～1600 ℃ afterwards.
Two, make mother liquor with preprocessed molten iron
1) the lime 10Kg/t in upper berth at the bottom of electric furnace of elder generation; Preprocessed molten iron 250～320Kg/t is poured in the stove into the P of preprocessed molten iron≤0.040% with iron ladle;
2) the electric gear of sending of electric furnace is chosen medium-to-high grade position feeding temperature-raising, to 1580 ℃～1600 ℃.
Three, with making mother liquor after dust separation briquetting (or the chromium nickel sponge iron) fusing
1) the lime 8～13Kg/t in upper berth at the bottom of electric furnace of elder generation repaves coke 35～50Kg/t and (or sneaks into coke powder 30～45Kg/t);
2) add 230～300Kg/t dust separation briquetting in from feed bin toward electric furnace, below electrode, dust separation briquetting surface even shop iron (or steel) bits 40～100Kg/t;
3) the electric gear of sending of electric furnace is chosen medium-to-high grade position melting batch, the dust separation briquetting fusing time is that (chromium nickel sponge iron fusing time is 60～70min) to 75～85min;
4) all fusings of dedusting briquetting (or chromium nickel sponge iron), bitsization are saturating, molten metal are warming up to 1580～1600 ℃ afterwards;
Wherein the composition of chromium nickel sponge iron (weight part proportioning) is:
TFe：90～96 C：0.03～0.15 P：0.010～0.030
S：0.009～0.030 TCr：0.20～1.40 TNi：0.13～0.40
Have and be not more than 0.0001 (0.01%) trace element;
Physical dimension is: round shape, external diameter Φ 160mm, internal diameter Φ 60mm, high 270～280mm;
Bulk density: 1.75 ± 0.15t/m
3
The briquetting composition of the dedusting ash of stainless steel that the method for this smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash is selected for use (weight part proportioning) is as follows:
TFe：28-54 FeO：14-36 CaO：8.5-18 SiO
2：2.9-9
MgO：2.2-9 Al
2O
3：0.40-2.2 MnO：0.45-3.3 Cr
2O
3：8-36
NiO：2-5.4 P
2O
5：0.01-0.09 S：0.09-0.22
Have and be not more than 0.00003 (0.003%) trace element.
This smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash method is taked above-mentioned step, being beneficial to dedusting ash of stainless steel recycles, because this usefulness smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash method is made bulk to dedusting ash of stainless steel, electric furnace Dust Capacity when the melting dedusting ash is very little, rate of recovery height, significantly reduced the pollution of dedusting ash, also reduced production costs, 1 ton of dedusting ash of stainless steel of every recycling also can be enterprise's wound and imitates about more than 2000 yuan.Major metal element recovery rate in this dedusting ash of stainless steel sees Table 1:
Table 1
| The major metal element | Fe | Cr | Ni、Cu、Mo |
| Recovery rate (%) | ≥90 | ≥55 | ≥95 |
Embodiment
Describe the embodiment of the method for this smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but the specific embodiment of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Following embodiment carries out on 30 tons of electric furnaces.Furnace transformer rated capacity 25000KVA, 19 grades (i.e. 19 gears), the alloy pig substance is 800～900Kg.
Embodiment one: present embodiment is with making mother liquor after the common home scrap fusing.
The first step: make dust separation briquetting
1) mixes
With dedusting ash of stainless steel and carbon steel dedusting mud at normal temperatures stirring and evenly mixing become compound, the weight part proportioning of compound is as follows:
Dedusting ash of stainless steel 85
Carbon steel dedusting mud 15
The composition of dedusting ash of stainless steel (weight part proportioning) is as follows:
TFe：41 FeO：20 CaO：13.2 SiO
2：6.1 MgO：4.5 Al
2O
3：1.2
MnO：3.3 Cr
2O
3：15.05 NiO：3.02 P
2O
5：0.03 S：0.18
Have and be not more than 0.00003 (0.003%) trace element
The composition of carbon steel dedusting mud (weight part proportioning) is:
TFe：47.38 FeO：50.15 CaO：16.10 SiO
2：3.01
MgO：5.53 Al
2O
3：2.13 MnO：0.31 P
2O
5：0.19 S：0.070
Other is for being not more than 0.001 (0.1%) trace element
Stir discharging after 3 minutes.
2) extrusion molding
Compound is added briquetting press, feeding compacting roller die, a compression moulding is pressed into major diameter 80mm, the minor axis diameter is 50mm, density 2.0g/cm
3The spheroid dust separation briquetting of stainless steel.
3) natural air drying
The dust separation briquetting of stainless steel that is pressed in the open, natural air drying at normal temperatures, natural air drying used after 48 hours.The composition of dust separation briquetting of stainless steel (weight part proportioning) is as follows:
TFe：42 FeO：24.52 CaO：13.63 SiO
2：5.63
MgO：4.65 Al
2O
3：1.32 MnO：2.85 Cr
2O
3：12.79
NiO:2.57 P
2O
5: 0.054 S:0.163 has and is not more than 0.003 (0.3%) trace element.
Second step: make mother liquor,
1) first 0.5 ton in tiling lime at the bottom of the electric furnace repaves 1.2 tons of cokes;
2) the materials basket adds 8 tons of ordinary scrap steels in electric furnace;
3) (voltage 190 ± 5V, every phase current are about 41000 ± 200A) fusings, smelt that steel scrap all melts after 39 minutes to send electric gear to choose 5 grades;
4) treat that bitsization are saturating, molten metal is warming up to 1593 ℃;
The 3rd step: by batch reduction
1) send electric gear by 5 grades be transferred to 8 grades (voltage 170 ± 5V, every phase current is about 39000 ± 200A), begins to add stainless steel dedusting briquetting and coke, adds once every 3.5 minutes, adds stainless steel dedusting ball 450Kg at every turn, simultaneously with addition of coke 35Kg;
2) whenever send 16 fens power failure thermometrics of electricity, sampling analysis, the observation working of a furnace, add 60 kilograms of ferrosilicon powders simultaneously, 20 kilograms in lime;
3) smelt after 272 minutes, add 23 tons of stainless steel dedusting briquettings altogether, with 5 grades the molten metal temperature is raised to 1631 ℃, beginning is reduction eventually; (also temperature will be raised to 1630～1650 ℃ before the reduction eventually).
The 4th step: reduction eventually
1) add 200 kilograms in lime, 200 kilograms in fluorite, ferrosilicon powder 120 kg, gear transfer 8 grades to and transfer slag;
2) the saturating back of slagization has a power failure, and will blow N
2Pipe inserts in the molten metal and blows N
2Strong mixing, the degree of depth remain on apart from liquid level 250mm, 25 °-35 ° of angles, and blowing N
2The time steel pipe that swings, below each electrode, stir total churning time 19min;
3) the molten metal temperature is transferred to 1623 ℃, after the slagging molten metal is gone out in jar, 18.7 tons of molten metals, smelting cycle 305 minutes.Reduction back control situation sees Table 2 eventually:
Table 2
Major metal element recovery rate in the dedusting ash of stainless steel sees Table 3:
Table 3
| The major metal element | Fe | Cr | Ni、Cu、Mo |
| Recovery rate (%) | 95 | 62 | 96 |
The cast of the 5th step
Pour into 0.5 * 0.3 * 0.6m
3The iron alloy ingot.
Embodiment two:
Present embodiment is with making mother liquor after the fusing of stainless steel slag steel.
The first step: make dust separation briquetting, identical with embodiment one.
Second step: make mother liquor
1) first 0.5 ton in tiling lime at the bottom of the electric furnace repaves 1.2 tons of cokes;
2) the materials basket adds 9 tons of stainless steel slag steel in electric furnace;
3) (voltage 190 ± 5V, every phase current are about 41000 ± 200A) fusings, smelt that steel scrap all melts after 42 minutes to send electric gear to choose 5 grades;
4) returns all melt, and bitsization are saturating, and molten metal is warming up to 1593 ℃;
The 3rd step: by batch reduction
1) send electric gear by 5 grades be transferred to 8 grades (voltage 170 ± 5V, every phase current is about 39000 ± 200A), begins to add stainless steel dedusting briquetting and coke, adds once every 3.5 minutes, adds stainless steel dedusting briquetting 450Kg at every turn, simultaneously with addition of coke 35Kg;
2) whenever send 16 fens power failure thermometrics of electricity, sampling, the observation working of a furnace, add ferrosilicon powder 60Kg simultaneously, lime 20Kg;
3) smelt after 278 minutes, add 23 tons of stainless steel dedusting briquettings altogether, with 5 grades the molten metal temperature is raised to 1635 ℃, beginning is reduction eventually;
The 4th step: reduction eventually
1) add 200 kilograms in lime, 200 kilograms in fluorite, ferrosilicon powder 120 kg, 20 kilograms of aluminium powders, gear transfer 8 grades to and transfer slag;
2) the saturating back of slagization has a power failure, and will blow N
2Pipe inserts in the molten metal and blows N
2Strong mixing, the degree of depth remain on apart from liquid level 250mm, 25 °-35 ° of angles, and blowing N
2The time steel pipe that swings, below each electrode, stir total churning time 23min
3) the molten metal temperature is transferred to 1623 ℃, after the slagging molten metal is gone out in jar, 18.21 tons of molten metals, smelting cycle 316 minutes.Reduction back control situation sees Table 4 eventually:
Table 4
Major metal element recovery rate in the dedusting ash of stainless steel sees Table 5:
Table 5
| The major metal element | Fe | Cr | Ni、Cu、Mo |
| Recovery rate (%) | 91 | 55 | 95 |
The 5th step: pour into a mould identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three:
Present embodiment is to make mother liquor with preprocessed molten iron
The first step: make dust separation briquetting, identical with embodiment one.
Second step: make mother liquor
1) preprocessed molten iron is made mother liquor, earlier 300 kilograms in tiling lime on furnace bottom; With iron ladle preprocessed molten iron is poured in the stove for 8.1 tons, the P of preprocessed molten iron is 0.030%;
2) (voltage 190 ± 5V, every phase current is about 41000 ± 200A), and molten iron is warming up to 1590 ℃ to send electric gear to choose 5 grades.
The 3rd step: by batch reduction, identical with embodiment one.
The 4th step: eventually reduction, identical with embodiment one.Add 23 tons of stainless steel dedusting briquettings altogether, 19.2 tons of molten metals, smelting cycle 273 minutes.Reduction back control situation sees Table 6 eventually:
Table 6
Major metal element recovery rate in the dedusting ash of stainless steel sees Table 7:
Table 7
| The major metal element | Fe | Cr | Ni、Cu、Mo |
| Recovery rate (%) | 95 | 58 | 96 |
The 5th step: pour into a mould identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four:
Present embodiment is with making mother liquor after the dust separation briquetting fusing.
The first step: make dust separation briquetting, identical with embodiment one.
Second step: make mother liquor
1) 0.3 ton in tiling lime at the bottom of the electric furnace repaves 1.5 tons of cokes;
2) add 9 tons of dust separation briquettings in from feed bin toward electric furnace, below electrode, 2 tons of even shop, dust separation briquetting surface iron filings;
3) send electric gear choose 5 grades (voltage 190 ± 5V, every phase current is about 41000 ± 200A), melting batch smelts that dust separation briquetting all melts after 93 minutes;
4) the dedusting briquetting all melts, and bitsization are saturating, molten metal is warming up to 1590 ℃ afterwards;
The 3rd step: by batch reduction, identical with embodiment one.
The 4th step: eventually reduction, identical with embodiment one.Add 32 tons of stainless steel dedusting briquettings (comprise do mother liquor) altogether, 15.7 tons of molten metals, smelting cycle 309 minutes.Reduction back control situation sees Table 8 eventually:
Table 8
Major metal element recovery rate in the dedusting ash of stainless steel sees Table 9:
Table 9
| The major metal element | Fe | Cr | Ni、Cu、Mo |
| Recovery rate (%) | 93 | 57 | 97 |
The 5th step: pour into a mould identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment five:
Present embodiment is with making mother liquor after the fusing of chromium nickel chromium triangle nickel sponge iron.The composition of chromium nickel sponge iron (weight part proportioning) is:
TFe：93 C：0.09 P：0.020 S：0.020
TCr:0.80 TNi:0.23 has and is not more than 0.001 (0.1%) trace element;
Physical dimension is: round shape, external diameter Φ 160mm, internal diameter Φ 60mm, high 270～280mm;
Bulk density: 1.75 ± 0.15t/m
3
The first step: make dust separation briquetting, identical with embodiment one.
Second step: make mother liquor
1) 0.3 ton in tiling lime at the bottom of the electric furnace repaves 1.5 tons of cokes;
2) add 9 tons of chromium nickel sponge iron in from feed bin toward electric furnace, below electrode, 2 tons of even shop, sponge iron surface iron filings;
3) send electric gear choose 5 grades (voltage 190 ± 5V, every phase current is about 41000 ± 200A), melting batch, smelting 90 minutes sponge iron has 90% fusing, begins by batch adding the stainless steel dedusting briquetting;
4) the dedusting briquetting all melts, and bitsization are saturating, molten metal is warming up to 1590 ℃ afterwards;
The 3rd step: by batch reduction, identical with embodiment one.
The 4th step: eventually reduction, identical with embodiment one.Add 23 tons of stainless steel dedusting briquettings (comprise do mother liquor) altogether, 19.3 tons of molten metals, smelting cycle 329 minutes.Reduction back control situation sees Table 10 eventually:
Table 10
Major metal element recovery rate in the dedusting ash of stainless steel sees Table 11:
Table 11
| The major metal element | Fe | Cr | Ni、Cu、Mo |
| Recovery rate (%) | 95 | 58 | 97 |
The 5th step: pour into a mould identical with embodiment one.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of method of smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash, it comprises following sequential steps:
The first step: make dust separation briquetting
The composition weight part proportioning of dedusting ash of stainless steel is as follows:
TFe：25-50 FeO：10-30 CaO：9-18 SiO
2：3-10
MgO：2-9 Al
2O
3：0.3-2 MnO：0.5-4 Cr
2O
3：10-40
NiO：2.5-6 P
2O
5：0.01-0.05 S：0.10-0.26
Have and be not more than 0.003 trace element;
1) mixes
The composition weight part proportioning of two kinds of raw materials of compound is:
Dedusting ash of stainless steel 75～85 carbon steel dedusting mud 15～25
The composition weight part proportioning of carbon steel dedusting mud is:
TFe：40-70 FeO：30-60 CaO：6-20 SiO
2：2-5
MgO：3-9 Al
2O
3：0.5-3.5 MnO：0.2-0.8 P
2O
5：0.1-0.3
S：0.04-0.11
Other is to be not more than 0.001 trace element;
Discharging stirs;
2) extrusion molding
Compound is added briquetting press, and in the feeding compacting roller die, a compression moulding is pressed into the oval dust separation briquetting of stainless steel that physical dimension is not more than 80mm, dust separation briquetting of stainless steel density＞1.8g/cm
3
3) natural air drying
The dust separation briquetting of stainless steel that is pressed in the open, natural air drying at normal temperatures, the composition weight part proportioning of dust separation briquetting of stainless steel is as follows:
TFe：28-54 FeO：14-36 CaO：8.5-18 SiO
2：2.9-9
MgO：2.2-9 Al
2O
3：0.40-2.2 MnO：0.45-3.3 Cr
2O
3：8-36
NiO：2-5.4 P
2O
5：0.01-0.09 S：0.09-0.22
Have and be not more than 0.003 trace element;
Second step: make mother liquor
Mother liquor is that any following raw material fusing forms:
After melting in electric furnace with preprocessed molten iron, dust separation briquetting or the chromium nickel sponge iron of common home scrap, stainless steel slag steel, P≤0.040% is mother liquor, and the temperature of the mother liquor after the fusing is 1550 ℃～1600 ℃;
The 3rd step: by batch reduction
1) raw material of waiting to do mother liquor all after the fusing, reduces the power input of electric furnace, and medium-to-high grade with the electric gear of sending of electric furnace during by fusing is transferred to low and middle-grade positions, and beginning adding dust separation briquetting and coke or coke powder in the mother liquor are smelted;
2) send electricity 15～20min power failure thermometric, sampling analysis, the observation working of a furnace at every turn, add ferrosilicon powder and lime simultaneously;
3) liquid steel temperature is controlled at 1550 ℃～1600 ℃ in the smelting process;
The 4th step: reduction eventually
The weight percent of principal element is as follows in the molten metal of reduction back eventually:
C≥2.50 Si≥0.20 P≤0.045 Cr≥5.0 Ni≥1.5
The weight percent of iron protoxide, chromium sesquioxide and nickel oxide in the whole reducing slag is as follows:
FeO：0-3.5 Cr
2O
3：0-6.5 NiO：0-0.15
1) send electric furnace the gear of electricity to be adjusted to medium-to-high gradely, the molten metal temperature is raised to 1630～1650 ℃, add lime and fluorite and ferrosilicon powder, reduce the power input of electric furnace then, sending electric gear to be adjusted to low and middle-grade residue adjustments by medium-to-high grade;
2) treat that the saturating back of scorification has a power failure, and will blow N
2Steel pipe inserts in the molten metal and blows N
2Strong mixing, and blowing N
2The time the swing nitrogen flushing steel pipe of band refractory coating, churning time 〉=5min below each electrode, total churning time 〉=15min;
3) the molten metal temperature is adjusted to 1620～1640 ℃, after the slagging molten metal is gone out in jar;
4) molten metal in the electric furnace is lifted stove after all going out only, and good slag ladle is slagged tap;
The 5th step casting ingot-forming.
2, the method for smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash according to claim 1 is characterized in that making mother liquor after second step is with common home scrap or the fusing of stainless steel slag steel, and making step is:
1) the lime 10～17Kg/t in upper berth at the bottom of electric furnace of elder generation repaves coke 35～50Kg/t or sneaks into coke powder 30～45Kg/t;
2) the materials basket adds common home scrap of 260～360Kg/t or stainless steel slag steel in electric furnace;
3) the electric gear of sending of electric furnace is chosen medium-to-high grade position melting batch, melting common home scrap mean time is 42～48min, the average 48～58min of melting stainless steel slag steel;
4) returns all melt, and bitsization are saturating; Molten metal is warming up to 1580～1600 ℃ afterwards.
3, the method with smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash according to claim 1 is characterized in that second step made mother liquor with preprocessed molten iron, and making step is:
1) the lime 10Kg/t in upper berth at the bottom of electric furnace of elder generation; Preprocessed molten iron 250～320Kg/t is poured in the stove into the P of preprocessed molten iron≤0.040% with iron ladle;
2) the electric gear of sending of electric furnace is chosen medium-to-high grade position feeding temperature-raising, to 1580 ℃～1600 ℃.
4, the method with smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash according to claim 1 is characterized in that making mother liquor after second step is with the dust separation briquetting fusing, and its making step is:
1) the lime 8～13Kg/t in upper berth at the bottom of electric furnace of elder generation repaves coke 35～50Kg/t or sneaks into coke powder 30～45Kg/t;
2) add 230～300Kg/t dust separation briquetting in from feed bin toward electric furnace, below electrode, dust separation briquetting surface even shop iron filings or steel cuttings 40～100Kg/t;
3) the electric gear of sending of electric furnace is chosen medium-to-high grade position melting batch, the dust separation briquetting fusing time is 75～85min;
4) the dedusting briquetting all melts, and bitsization are saturating, molten metal is warming up to 1580～1600 ℃ afterwards.
5, the method with smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash according to claim 1 is characterized in that making mother liquor after second step is with the fusing of chromium nickel sponge iron, and wherein the composition weight part proportioning of chromium nickel sponge iron is:
TFe：90～96 C：0.03～0.15 P：0.010～0.030
S：0.009～0.030 TCr：0.20～1.40 TNi：0.13～0.40
Have and be not more than 0.0001 trace element;
Physical dimension is: round shape, external diameter Φ 160mm, internal diameter Φ 60mm, high 270～280mm;
Bulk density: 1.75 ± 0.15t/m
3
6, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described methods with smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash, it is characterized in that: the composition weight part proportioning of two kinds of raw materials of compound is:
Dedusting ash of stainless steel 80～85 carbon steel dedusting mud 15～20.
7, the method for stating according to claim 6 with smelting chromium-nickel-iron alloy from stainless steel dust-removing ash, it is characterized in that: the composition weight part proportioning of two kinds of raw materials of compound is:
Dedusting ash of stainless steel 83 carbon steel dedusting mud 17.
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| CN101353708B (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2010-06-02 | 张家港浦项不锈钢有限公司 | Nickel iron smelting process with nickel oxide ore and stainless steel production wastes as raw materials |
| CN102175621B (en) * | 2010-12-18 | 2013-02-27 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for testing content of metal in stainless steel slag |
| CN102492831B (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-12-11 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Recovery method for ferruginous accompaniments containing chromium and nickel |
| CN103014356B (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-11-05 | 四川西南不锈钢有限责任公司 | Method for recovering chromium and nickel from settled dust of stainless steel |
| CN103667854A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-26 | 蚌埠华泰特种钢有限公司 | Method for smelting austenitic stainless steel by using stainless steel oxide |
| CN104099467B (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-03-30 | 甘肃山丹腾达西铁冶金有限责任公司 | Manganese-silicon metallurgy industry flue dust is utilized to regenerate the technique of curing molding manganese ore block |
| CN105525189A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-04-27 | 广西丛欣实业有限公司 | Preparation method of iron alloy |
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| CN107630117B (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-04-26 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A method of ferrosilicon and calcium aluminate material are prepared with thermal-state blast furnace slag |
| CN108220610B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-11-29 | 江阴硕人节能环保科技有限公司 | A kind of processing method of the dedusting ash containing heavy metal |
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| CN110616323A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-12-27 | 华北理工大学 | Method for producing alloy blocks and mineral wool from blast furnace cloth bag dust removal ash and fly ash |
| CN111961853A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-20 | 嘉峪关宏电铁合金有限责任公司 | Operation method for slowing down oxidation corrosion of low-grade ferrochrome smelting electrode |
| CN113174483B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-10-25 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for recycling stainless steel nickel and chromium dust |
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